Latest / The Observatory | Discovery of Consciousness & Awareness / Psychedelic Therapy Methods | Dr. Reid Robison on Ketamine, MDMA, Psilocybin & Mental Health
Transcript
- 0:03Speaker 1: Welcome to the Observatory Podcast.
- 0:05Speaker 2: With your hosts Scott and Lorey Wright.
- 0:08Speaker 1: Join us each week as we explore living life from
- 0:11Speaker 1: the inside out.
- 0:14Speaker 2: Today on the Observatory Podcast, we welcome doctor Reed Robinson,
- 0:21Speaker 2: who is the chief clinical officer for Numinus and also
- 0:25Speaker 2: has several local clinics known as Cedar Psychiatry.
- 0:30Speaker 1: We are so excited to have him here. He has
- 0:32Speaker 1: his own podcast, he has an Instagram, and he talks
- 0:36Speaker 1: about this subject that great depth there and we're going
- 0:39Speaker 1: to take him deep today. So come and join us
- 0:41Speaker 1: as we talk about the world of psychedelic therapy, how
- 0:45Speaker 1: music is important in what we do, and how it
- 0:49Speaker 1: is really having a powerful effect in the lives of
- 0:52Speaker 1: people that are dealing with such difficult things as anxiety, stress, PTSD,
- 1:00Speaker 1: suicidal thoughts, all sorts of different things that are widespread today.
- 1:05Speaker 1: Hopefully this will be something that can help those who
- 1:08Speaker 1: are struggling.
- 1:09Speaker 2: Yes, I love that this is ancient medicine for today's problems.
- 1:13Speaker 1: Yes, we welcome doctor Reed Robison. Welcome back to the
- 1:20Speaker 1: Observatory Podcast. We are Ray and I Low Ray. I
- 1:25Speaker 1: call her Ray. I'm I'm gonna call you Ray.
- 1:27Speaker 2: A lot, you know that's fine. I think that's perfect.
- 1:30Speaker 3: Okay.
- 1:31Speaker 1: But her name's lo Ray. She's my Ray of Sunshine.
- 1:33Speaker 3: Yes, I like to call her.
- 1:35Speaker 1: But we're joined today by Reid Robinson from Cedar Psychiatry.
- 1:41Speaker 4: Hi read Hi, thanks for having me.
- 1:44Speaker 1: It's great to have you here.
- 1:45Speaker 4: Good to be here.
- 1:46Speaker 1: We met a few years back. We were at a
- 1:49Speaker 1: Mastermind event together and then we also rubbed shoulders at
- 1:53Speaker 1: the Scepter convention that they had here in Salt Lake,
- 1:57Speaker 1: which was pretty amazing the number of people that attended
- 2:01Speaker 1: that what is Sceptor? Maybe just explain what that is
- 2:04Speaker 1: if you don't mind.
- 2:06Speaker 3: So.
- 2:06Speaker 4: I remember meeting a psychologist friend colleague at a dinner
- 2:11Speaker 4: party a little while before that, Parth Gandhi, and we
- 2:16Speaker 4: had this idea that just came up during dinner about
- 2:22Speaker 4: the community waiting to happen in Utah around psychedelics. There
- 2:26Speaker 4: wasn't to my knowledge, another psychedelic gathering that had happened before,
- 2:30Speaker 4: so we decided to go for it. We made a
- 2:33Speaker 4: nonprofit called Scepter for the goal of doing this conference
- 2:38Speaker 4: and some other activities around raising awareness, education training, and
- 2:45Speaker 4: we were not conference organizers, had no idea what we
- 2:48Speaker 4: were doing with zero budget to start with, and it
- 2:52Speaker 4: was really inspiring what happened in terms of the five
- 2:56Speaker 4: hundred people who showed up and the sponsor supporting it
- 3:01Speaker 4: in its first year Sight Unseen. I think about that
- 3:06Speaker 4: event and the energy around it a lot.
- 3:09Speaker 2: Yeah, right, I remember MAPS was involved, they got on board,
- 3:13Speaker 2: and then you had some great guests that came from
- 3:16Speaker 2: Harvard and from all across the country.
- 3:19Speaker 3: Yeah.
- 3:19Speaker 4: The day after this, we call it the Inner Mountain
- 3:23Speaker 4: Psychedelics Conference or the Scepter Convention, like you mentioned, the
- 3:27Speaker 4: day after MAPS did their Zendo harm reduction training downtown
- 3:31Speaker 4: Salt Lake. That happened to be their biggest ever event
- 3:36Speaker 4: of that kind, the most attended, which was another great
- 3:39Speaker 4: kind of high five for Utah.
- 3:41Speaker 3: Yeah, well that's great.
- 3:43Speaker 1: Pretty amazing. I think, you know, we're throwing out a
- 3:45Speaker 1: lot of acronyms here, so not knowing how many people
- 3:49Speaker 1: are going to know what those media. Let's kind of
- 3:52Speaker 1: start at the beginning. You know, we're here to talk
- 3:56Speaker 1: about lots of different things. But the the research that's
- 4:01Speaker 1: being done into the benefits of using psychedelics for therapy,
- 4:07Speaker 1: for PTSD, for anxiety depression, dession, all of these things
- 4:12Speaker 1: that you know, we're looking at new ways of approaching
- 4:16Speaker 1: these old problems that are beyond what SSR eyes and
- 4:20Speaker 1: different different things have done, rather than the way I
- 4:23Speaker 1: like to say, those kind of numb the feelings, whereas
- 4:27Speaker 1: the introduction into plant medicine helps us to process the
- 4:31Speaker 1: feelings instead of down because if we don't process them,
- 4:34Speaker 1: they just they can't be dealt with. Would you agree
- 4:37Speaker 1: with that?
- 4:38Speaker 3: Yes?
- 4:39Speaker 4: And what's interesting about the quest to find new ways
- 4:43Speaker 4: of approaching these age old problems is we've actually landed
- 4:46Speaker 4: on old, forgotten, banished ways of healing and growing and
- 4:52Speaker 4: cultivating awareness that we're unfortunately gone for a while, but
- 4:59Speaker 4: now are coming back at a much needed time.
- 5:01Speaker 1: Yeah, it's ancient technology. Yep, it really is. Have you
- 5:07Speaker 1: had a chance to read the book The.
- 5:08Speaker 4: What's it called The Immortality Key?
- 5:10Speaker 1: The Immortality Key. Yeah, that's a good one, a great book.
- 5:14Speaker 4: Yeah, I highly recommend it.
- 5:16Speaker 2: So tell us a little bit then about your practice
- 5:19Speaker 2: and what you're doing, perhaps give us kind of a
- 5:22Speaker 2: big picture of view, and then we'll dive a little
- 5:24Speaker 2: deeper into certain areas. But how are you incorporating this
- 5:29Speaker 2: type of medicine in your daily practice with your patients?
- 5:32Speaker 2: And those you see.
- 5:34Speaker 4: Yeah, so it might help to give a little backstory
- 5:37Speaker 4: of how I got into this is. I'm a psychiatrist
- 5:41Speaker 4: trained here in Utah med School residency at the University
- 5:44Speaker 4: of Utah, and at the beginning of my career, I
- 5:47Speaker 4: decided to focus on finding new and improved treatments for
- 5:51Speaker 4: mental health conditions, especially those where what we have available
- 5:56Speaker 4: isn't that great. There's some serious conditions where we don't
- 6:00Speaker 4: have good medicines, for example, or good therapies for that matter.
- 6:04Speaker 4: So I started doing clinical trials. I was getting a
- 6:06Speaker 4: little bit discouraged. Then I came across ketamine, and we
- 6:11Speaker 4: can dive into that as much as you'd like, but
- 6:15Speaker 4: ketamine kind of led me down this beautiful rabbit hole
- 6:18Speaker 4: of exploring psychedelic medicines for mental health conditions, where I
- 6:23Speaker 4: went to the jungle and back in search of new treatments,
- 6:28Speaker 4: finding ayahuasca, and then since then working here in the
- 6:33Speaker 4: US on clinical research studies with MDMA psilocybin, and last
- 6:37Speaker 4: week we even kicked off an LSD study for anxiety
- 6:42Speaker 4: in our Draper clinic.
- 6:44Speaker 2: Well, that's so fascinating to know that that's happening here
- 6:46Speaker 2: in Utah. We see the studies that are coming out
- 6:49Speaker 2: of like Johns Hopkins and Stamford, and so are those
- 6:53Speaker 2: studies linked or how is Utah all of a sudden
- 6:56Speaker 2: involved in studies? How did it find its way here
- 6:59Speaker 2: to you and to Utah.
- 7:00Speaker 4: You know, Utah has always been a great place to
- 7:03Speaker 4: do research because you have this very this like this
- 7:08Speaker 4: very open community towards contributing to research in that way.
- 7:14Speaker 4: And so there have been a lot of discoveries made here,
- 7:18Speaker 4: like breast cancer genes and other things like that. So, yes,
- 7:24Speaker 4: the studies started at Johns Hopkins and other places in
- 7:28Speaker 4: this modern psychedelic renaissance, but now we're doing them here
- 7:32Speaker 4: as well to help with the path towards FDA approval
- 7:37Speaker 4: of these as new treatments, which will probably start with
- 7:41Speaker 4: MDMA for PTSD that I would guess will likely be
- 7:45Speaker 4: approved next year, and then psilocybin in the next couple
- 7:49Speaker 4: of years for depression.
- 7:53Speaker 3: That's so fascinating.
- 7:54Speaker 1: Yeah, you know, I've I've kind of tried to look
- 7:58Speaker 1: at history. I'm a late baby boomer, as Ray is,
- 8:01Speaker 1: I was born in sixty one. Cool, so neither one
- 8:05Speaker 1: of us were really in the hippie generation so much,
- 8:08Speaker 1: but we got to kind of observe the hippie generation
- 8:11Speaker 1: and see what that that what came of that, and
- 8:14Speaker 1: the war on drugs and all of those things we
- 8:17Speaker 1: got to witness, and you know, looking back on it,
- 8:21Speaker 1: it was sex, drugs, rock and roll back in the
- 8:23Speaker 1: sixties and seventies, and things kind of got a little
- 8:27Speaker 1: bit out of balance with the use of these kinds
- 8:29Speaker 1: of things.
- 8:30Speaker 3: Is you know, we're.
- 8:30Speaker 1: Humans, and so this is this is what we do.
- 8:32Speaker 1: It's fun, So this is what we're gonna do. So
- 8:35Speaker 1: maybe just speak to how what the difference is of
- 8:39Speaker 1: how things are being used now as opposed to the
- 8:41Speaker 1: way they were then.
- 8:44Speaker 4: Yeah, and back then, I like to remember the cultural
- 8:49Speaker 4: climate at the time.
- 8:51Speaker 1: Post World War Two.
- 8:52Speaker 4: Yeah, yeah, where World War Two created this culture of
- 8:58Speaker 4: emotional avoidance. Understandably, if you were sent off to war,
- 9:03Speaker 4: you had to self regulate like you've never had to
- 9:07Speaker 4: do before and squash those emotions when you're sitting in
- 9:09Speaker 4: a trench and facing such atrocities. But then when Vietnam
- 9:15Speaker 4: War came along, they were drafting people based on their birthdays.
- 9:20Speaker 4: You had this counterculture movement, like you said, of the
- 9:24Speaker 4: hippie generation, saying make like drop acid not bombs, make
- 9:31Speaker 4: love not war. And yeah, it did get out of hand,
- 9:36Speaker 4: and you can see why there was this strong protest
- 9:40Speaker 4: to I guess the status quo or the political climate,
- 9:44Speaker 4: and unfortunately that ended in this complete ban of psychedelic
- 9:50Speaker 4: medicines for both clinical and research purposes. They were on
- 9:53Speaker 4: a good trajectory and getting enthusiastically consumed in other settings too.
- 10:00Speaker 1: There was even studies being done by the government with
- 10:03Speaker 1: the different psychedelics to be used for good purposes.
- 10:08Speaker 4: And in the nineteen fifties, the laboratory where Albert Hoffman
- 10:14Speaker 4: discovered synthesized LSD sandos, they started mailing it freely to
- 10:19Speaker 4: psychiatrists across the US and Canada, saying, use this in therapy.
- 10:23Speaker 4: It appears to be very interesting. And you had celebrities
- 10:27Speaker 4: like Carry Grant using it, the Beatles taking a liking
- 10:32Speaker 4: to it. Even Bill Wilson, the founder of Alcoholics Anonymous,
- 10:37Speaker 4: credited his sobriety to LSD. At the time. Wanted to
- 10:41Speaker 4: get that more publicly known, but the board wouldn't have it.
- 10:45Speaker 4: It just was not the time back then.
- 10:47Speaker 1: Yeah, that enlightenment experience that he described was an LSD experience,
- 10:53Speaker 1: it seems to be.
- 10:54Speaker 4: Yeah.
- 10:54Speaker 1: And I remember when I went through twelve step programs
- 10:57Speaker 1: and being one of the ones that it was the
- 11:00Speaker 1: father of them all, and read books about Bill Wilson
- 11:04Speaker 1: that just never really got mentioned. It was kind of
- 11:08Speaker 1: lost over.
- 11:08Speaker 3: So it's true.
- 11:09Speaker 4: And just before that time you had the great thinkers
- 11:15Speaker 4: and psychology pioneers like Carl Jung, for example, saying, you know,
- 11:20Speaker 4: these conditions are hard to treat. If only we could occasion,
- 11:24Speaker 4: like a mystical or spiritual experience to get someone out
- 11:28Speaker 4: of themselves and see this with new perspective, see where
- 11:31Speaker 4: they're stuck. That would be transformative. And he said things
- 11:36Speaker 4: like that just before this first wave of the psychedelic
- 11:40Speaker 4: renaissance came along in the fifties sixties.
- 11:43Speaker 1: So what would you say to the people that say,
- 11:47Speaker 1: or might might believe or have in their thinking that
- 11:53Speaker 1: this is some kind of chemical reaction in your brain
- 11:56Speaker 1: and it's that's all it is, is a chemical reaction.
- 12:00Speaker 1: There's no connection to this divine source or your real
- 12:05Speaker 1: true self or any of that. What would you say
- 12:07Speaker 1: to that? I mean, you've had the experience. So you've
- 12:09Speaker 1: been to the jungle. I've been to the jungle too, Yeah,
- 12:12Speaker 1: tell us about that.
- 12:14Speaker 4: Yeah, Well, first I'd say I understand the fear, like
- 12:18Speaker 4: I grew up with the this is your brain on
- 12:21Speaker 4: drugs campaigns as well. And I'd also say that, yes,
- 12:27Speaker 4: these medicines do via chemical reaction, occasion that kind of
- 12:31Speaker 4: experience in your brain. But that's how our brains work.
- 12:34Speaker 4: We are having chemical reactions right now, as we speak,
- 12:39Speaker 4: as we imagine things, as we think, as we feel.
- 12:43Speaker 4: That is how our brains work. And unfortunately, in today's world,
- 12:48Speaker 4: today's society, we accumulate as we grow up these self
- 12:53Speaker 4: limiting beliefs, these core unconscious beliefs and patterns that constrain
- 12:59Speaker 4: how we think, how we believe. And well, it's not
- 13:04Speaker 4: the only way to open up our minds. Again, Psychedelics
- 13:08Speaker 4: have proven to be a really effective way of doing that,
- 13:12Speaker 4: especially when an individual is really stuck in an inability
- 13:16Speaker 4: to see themselves clearly and see what they're stuck in.
- 13:21Speaker 2: Now, when you say stuck, so there's a lot of
- 13:24Speaker 2: ways people can be stuck, But in your experience, what
- 13:28Speaker 2: are some of the most common ways people get stuck
- 13:30Speaker 2: that are most limiting Because we can think like, oh,
- 13:33Speaker 2: they get stuck in the experience of war. They get
- 13:35Speaker 2: stuck in the experience of you know, a really traumatic event.
- 13:39Speaker 2: But we have a lot of just day to day
- 13:43Speaker 2: things that can make us get stuck.
- 13:45Speaker 4: Yeah, and I like to look for the common thread
- 13:49Speaker 4: across all those ways we get stuck, Like if you
- 13:54Speaker 4: take time out of the equation, depression doesn't become just
- 14:00Speaker 4: ruminating about the past as much, and the anxiety doesn't
- 14:05Speaker 4: become as much about worrying about the future. It becomes
- 14:09Speaker 4: thought pattern loop that we're stuck in. Addiction, doing the
- 14:14Speaker 4: same thing over and over, perhaps to numb out pain,
- 14:18Speaker 4: for example, becomes the same kind of stuck pattern. And
- 14:22Speaker 4: eating disorder we get stuck in that same pattern, whether
- 14:27Speaker 4: it's over consuming in like a binge eating or a
- 14:30Speaker 4: restricting not letting yourself eat and trauma. You can get
- 14:36Speaker 4: stuck in this fight or flight place of something terrible
- 14:40Speaker 4: that happened at the time when you didn't have the
- 14:42Speaker 4: resources to process it and had to file it away
- 14:47Speaker 4: in kind of a stuck place.
- 14:49Speaker 2: Yeah, It's fascinating because we often see or meet people
- 14:53Speaker 2: that have events that happened very early in childhood that
- 14:59Speaker 2: planted that sea of getting stuck that send a message
- 15:02Speaker 2: very clearly, like either I'm not loved or I'm not enough,
- 15:06Speaker 2: or a pattern that then they through the rest of
- 15:10Speaker 2: their experiences they kind of build on that initial experience,
- 15:14Speaker 2: and so that stuck part can be something that's been
- 15:17Speaker 2: with us, like you said, unconsciously for a long time.
- 15:20Speaker 4: Yeah, that's the really hard part is often beneath the surface,
- 15:25Speaker 4: out of our conscious awareness, we all have this dialogue
- 15:29Speaker 4: going on in our minds and there, what do people say,
- 15:34Speaker 4: they are like ninety thousand thoughts we're having each day,
- 15:38Speaker 4: and only a small percentage of them really that we're
- 15:42Speaker 4: conscious of. But they can be recurring, self limiting, negative
- 15:47Speaker 4: beliefs that are hard to even shine a light on
- 15:51Speaker 4: sometimes let alone change. I mean, I think awareness is
- 15:54Speaker 4: the first step or the greatest change agent. So when
- 15:59Speaker 4: you can see them, then you can have that realization
- 16:03Speaker 4: and start to do the work on releasing those Yeah.
- 16:06Speaker 1: Yeah, I you know, there's there's something that I say.
- 16:10Speaker 1: One of the reasons we called this podcast the Observatory
- 16:13Speaker 1: because it's about being able to observe yourself, So I
- 16:16Speaker 1: call it you observing you being you. I love that
- 16:20Speaker 1: being able to see yourself and in all the different
- 16:22Speaker 1: ways that you show up. You're the hardest person for
- 16:25Speaker 1: you to know. But plant medicines and different types of
- 16:30Speaker 1: therapies that include those, it's like, I don't know, it's
- 16:34Speaker 1: it's really hard to explain it because it's it's an
- 16:37Speaker 1: ineffable experience, but it really does. It's like a it's
- 16:41Speaker 1: like a brain reset to be able to see a
- 16:44Speaker 1: new perspective and experience it in a new way where
- 16:47Speaker 1: you can let those things kind of dissipate and be
- 16:51Speaker 1: present with what's happening.
- 16:53Speaker 4: Yeah, I love that. And I've got to say that
- 16:56Speaker 4: has been the greatest thing, single greatest thing that psychedelic medicines,
- 17:02Speaker 4: plant medicines have given to me in my experience with them,
- 17:07Speaker 4: and what I've observed with so many others is awareness.
- 17:12Speaker 4: Just being able to see myself more clearly, and that
- 17:17Speaker 4: allows me to slip into that observer state and now
- 17:21Speaker 4: when things come along, they don't derail me like they
- 17:25Speaker 4: used to, where I don't get stuck in the same
- 17:28Speaker 4: patterns as much because I can observe, like you said,
- 17:32Speaker 4: sit with and then more consciously act.
- 17:36Speaker 1: Yeah, and I don't want to act like as we're
- 17:39Speaker 1: talking here that psychedelics are the answer right, because there's
- 17:45Speaker 1: so many different ways of coming to that same space
- 17:49Speaker 1: that don't require that. For some people they need the
- 17:53Speaker 1: power of that to get to that space, but for others,
- 17:55Speaker 1: you know, maybe meditation, it may be breath work. There's
- 18:02Speaker 1: just so many other modalities or opportunities to get to
- 18:06Speaker 1: that same kind of space. So we don't want to
- 18:08Speaker 1: say that this is the one and only way. And
- 18:10Speaker 1: so some people don't need any of that. They're just
- 18:12Speaker 1: kind of naturally in that space.
- 18:15Speaker 4: And in the way I use the word psychedelic, the
- 18:21Speaker 4: medicine doesn't even have to be part of it. The
- 18:23Speaker 4: word psychedelic means to wander in the mind and anything
- 18:28Speaker 4: that helps you get into that place of awareness and
- 18:33Speaker 4: wandering around in your inner world and scene with new eyes,
- 18:39Speaker 4: whether it's breath work, whether it's a dedicated deep meditation
- 18:43Speaker 4: practice that can get you into that same psychedelic state.
- 18:48Speaker 4: Like you said, some people, especially when there's been a
- 18:52Speaker 4: lot of trauma, for example, it might have always been
- 18:56Speaker 4: too overwhelming to go there, or when the patterns are
- 18:59Speaker 4: so deeply ingred. Sometimes psychedelic medicines do present like this
- 19:07Speaker 4: really important step in the journey to open the door
- 19:13Speaker 4: to that to be able to do deeper and deeper work.
- 19:16Speaker 4: But it's certainly not for everyone not to be taken
- 19:19Speaker 4: lightly and not the only path up the mountain.
- 19:25Speaker 1: Ray mentioned as we were kind of preparing for this
- 19:27Speaker 1: that this chart that you shared when we were at
- 19:29Speaker 1: the ES at the go ahead and talk about that.
- 19:32Speaker 3: Huh.
- 19:33Speaker 2: Well, I remember a presentation that you gave you shared
- 19:36Speaker 2: with the audience. I called it a harm chart, So
- 19:39Speaker 2: I'm sure if that's what you called it, but in
- 19:41Speaker 2: my mind that's what I've labeled and shared, and it
- 19:44Speaker 2: showed it had a great list of all types of
- 19:48Speaker 2: medicines that are in our natural living life today, so
- 19:52Speaker 2: whether those are antidepressants or you know, medicines to help
- 19:57Speaker 2: us focus. And I believe on the one extreme had
- 20:00Speaker 2: alcohol had the most harm, and then on the other
- 20:03Speaker 2: extreme with the least harm. I was very surprised to
- 20:06Speaker 2: see psilocybin, so it planned a curiosity in me. And
- 20:10Speaker 2: as you talked about it, I just I have shared
- 20:12Speaker 2: that chart, especially with people who struggle with alcohol, to
- 20:16Speaker 2: understand the harm because the harm, well, I'll let you
- 20:20Speaker 2: talk about it. The harm comes in many ways.
- 20:22Speaker 4: Yeah, And so no medicine is without risk. I think
- 20:26Speaker 4: it's an important thing to highlight. But these medicines have
- 20:30Speaker 4: been kind of unfortunately, kind of excessively blamed for potential harm.
- 20:38Speaker 4: And that chart comes from a really important study that
- 20:42Speaker 4: a researcher by the name of David Nutt did in
- 20:45Speaker 4: the UK. He was like overall drug policy and did
- 20:49Speaker 4: this survey, this really elegant, powerful study plotting all the
- 20:54Speaker 4: types of harm and across all the drugs of abuse,
- 20:59Speaker 4: legal and illegal, and psychedelic medicines did land on the
- 21:06Speaker 4: side of extremely safe in comparison to other things we use,
- 21:10Speaker 4: like you mentioned, even the legal things like alcohol responsible
- 21:13Speaker 4: for so many, so many accidents, deaths, domestic violence, you know,
- 21:21Speaker 4: health problems, things like that.
- 21:24Speaker 1: And not really addictive. I mean, I don't know anyone
- 21:28Speaker 1: that is a friend of mine or people that I've
- 21:31Speaker 1: known that I've talked about that say hey, I want
- 21:32Speaker 1: to do this every day. It's just not that way.
- 21:37Speaker 4: Yeah, they can be much more anti addictive when used
- 21:42Speaker 4: in the right context, like paired with the right therapy,
- 21:45Speaker 4: the right set and setting, they can be powerful therapy
- 21:49Speaker 4: accelerators in recovering from addiction and other things. But yeah,
- 21:55Speaker 4: like you said, they're not something. They're not medicines that
- 21:58Speaker 4: people seek out like they do other things like cocaine
- 22:03Speaker 4: with its dope, meine surge, or opiates where there's a
- 22:08Speaker 4: kind of a numbing or a checking out or you know,
- 22:12Speaker 4: a blissful state people seek that can be so harmful
- 22:16Speaker 4: across many areas of their lives.
- 22:20Speaker 2: Yeah, that chart was really fascinating. I remember because I
- 22:24Speaker 2: saw adderall. I saw a lot that people feel are
- 22:28Speaker 2: just fine because a doctor prescribes them, and there's a
- 22:31Speaker 2: belief that well, my doctor would never prescribe something to
- 22:34Speaker 2: me that is unsafe, and yet here were a lot
- 22:37Speaker 2: of pharmaceuticals that are prescribed every day on this chart
- 22:41Speaker 2: that I was that I saw the amount of harm
- 22:44Speaker 2: that could come.
- 22:45Speaker 3: Yeah.
- 22:46Speaker 4: It's something that has, I guess troubled me since the
- 22:49Speaker 4: beginning of my career in psychiatry is that sometimes the
- 22:55Speaker 4: medicines we use, say it's like a Trenk equalizer for
- 23:00Speaker 4: sleep or anxiety, that people can become physiologically hooked on accidentally,
- 23:06Speaker 4: just like you can on pain pills after a surgery,
- 23:11Speaker 4: and then you had these I noticed these other treatments
- 23:14Speaker 4: in psychiatry where it was just kind of a band
- 23:17Speaker 4: aid approach to symptoms rather than going for the underlying cause.
- 23:22Speaker 4: So when I stumbled upon this other way of diving
- 23:26Speaker 4: deep inside yourself using these things that aren't a daily pill,
- 23:32Speaker 4: it's a journey with preparation before, integration after, and then
- 23:39Speaker 4: coming out and doing the work. I was all in
- 23:42Speaker 4: on trying to bring that more and more into our
- 23:46Speaker 4: everyday healthcare system.
- 23:49Speaker 2: Yeah, tell us a little bit about was there anything
- 23:51Speaker 2: in your personal life that made you more drawn to
- 23:55Speaker 2: this or was it really your curiosity in terms of
- 23:57Speaker 2: just the practice and seeing what had been done and
- 24:02Speaker 2: what you felt could be a different answer.
- 24:05Speaker 4: You know there, Like I mentioned, psychedelic medicines have brought
- 24:12Speaker 4: me a lot personally in terms of my own journey
- 24:17Speaker 4: of kind of healing and growth and awareness. But even
- 24:23Speaker 4: in my family, my grandmother Barbara died of alcoholism, and
- 24:29Speaker 4: we were so close and she was such a key
- 24:33Speaker 4: person in my life that when I was at the
- 24:35Speaker 4: University of Utah early in my career, I even started
- 24:37Speaker 4: a free clinic named after her, the Polisi Clinic, which
- 24:40Speaker 4: was her last name, trying to bring mental health treatments
- 24:44Speaker 4: to more people who were struggling. And when I think
- 24:50Speaker 4: about the history of say psychedelics. We were talking about
- 24:54Speaker 4: LSD when it was freely sent around in the fifties,
- 24:58Speaker 4: sixties and and studied over thousands of people in the
- 25:05Speaker 4: US and Canada in clinical trials. They were already seen
- 25:09Speaker 4: back then that it was nearly three times better than
- 25:13Speaker 4: any alcoholism treatment. Like in alcoholism, you can take this
- 25:17Speaker 4: pill called ant abuse that'll just make you throw up
- 25:19Speaker 4: if you take the pill, and you have to remember
- 25:23Speaker 4: to take the pill. That's the big hard part. It's
- 25:25Speaker 4: just kind of a crutch that's helpful for some. I
- 25:29Speaker 4: don't want to diminish that. But when you had LSD
- 25:32Speaker 4: plus therapy three times better for a condition where like
- 25:38Speaker 4: one hundred million people have died of alcoholism, including my grandmother.
- 25:42Speaker 4: I think of if those medicines had not gone away
- 25:46Speaker 4: for decades, how many lives could we have saved. Yeah,
- 25:49Speaker 4: it gets really personal.
- 25:51Speaker 2: Yeah, I can hear that. I can understand that.
- 25:53Speaker 1: Yeah, so let me this isn't really switching gears. But
- 25:58Speaker 1: I think people are interested in knowing the process because
- 26:01Speaker 1: right now, ketamine really is the only thing that's that's
- 26:05Speaker 1: legally being able to be used in a therapy setting
- 26:09Speaker 1: in at least in this state and tell me if
- 26:12Speaker 1: I'm wrong about that. But you know the process of
- 26:15Speaker 1: what that entails, and how someone would access that, what
- 26:19Speaker 1: they could do to be involved in that, and who
- 26:22Speaker 1: it's for.
- 26:24Speaker 4: And that's that's true that in terms of psychedelic medicines,
- 26:28Speaker 4: ketamine is the main legal psychedelic outside of research studies.
- 26:32Speaker 3: So here and what is ketymine?
- 26:34Speaker 4: Yeah, so ketamine is now being classified more and more
- 26:39Speaker 4: as a psychedelic because it does fit that definition of
- 26:43Speaker 4: creating an altered state of consciousness with therapeutic potential. And
- 26:50Speaker 4: even though it started out as an anesthetic discovered decades
- 26:53Speaker 4: ago and used on millions of people going in for
- 26:56Speaker 4: procedure surgery, that's the first time I ever gave it.
- 27:00Speaker 4: It was when I was in my medical training and
- 27:03Speaker 4: the primary children's hospital er. We would give it to
- 27:06Speaker 4: kids before they'd get sutures so they could hold still.
- 27:11Speaker 4: And so when it came along in psychiatry, there was
- 27:14Speaker 4: just this accidental discovery that people coming out of ketamine
- 27:19Speaker 4: doses appeared to be less depressed, and so a clinical
- 27:22Speaker 4: trial was done with like astounding results seventy percent had
- 27:27Speaker 4: relief from depression. And so another study replicated that, and
- 27:32Speaker 4: then we all start to started to get really interested
- 27:35Speaker 4: in it. I think my first clinical trial with ketamine
- 27:38Speaker 4: was back in about twenty ten, and that was when
- 27:42Speaker 4: we were really just looking at the medicine like what
- 27:45Speaker 4: it could do alone. And now more and more we're
- 27:48Speaker 4: just pairing it with therapy targeted at these different important conditions.
- 27:53Speaker 4: And yes, you can come in and access ketamine, ketemine
- 27:57Speaker 4: assistant psychotherapy for a variety of conditions, and psychedelic medicines
- 28:02Speaker 4: are here in Utah via research studies like we just
- 28:05Speaker 4: did a psilocybin study for depression and last week we
- 28:09Speaker 4: opened up like I mentioned, an LSD study for generalized
- 28:14Speaker 4: anxiety and other medicines coming soon. So you can participate
- 28:19Speaker 4: in way in either way, like if you qualify for
- 28:21Speaker 4: a study, those can be legally accessed, or you can
- 28:27Speaker 4: seek ketamine and therapy through a clinic setting.
- 28:31Speaker 2: And the way you qualify for a study is through
- 28:33Speaker 2: your doctor. Correct the doctor will refer you to the
- 28:36Speaker 2: study that you are conducting or.
- 28:38Speaker 4: You know, that's one way, and doctors don't always hear
- 28:42Speaker 4: about all the studies. So I think it's an example
- 28:46Speaker 4: of in the healthcare system and especially the state of
- 28:49Speaker 4: US healthcare. You do have to take the reins yourself
- 28:53Speaker 4: in a lot of cases and be open and collaborative
- 28:56Speaker 4: with your doctor, for sure. But I think we're or
- 29:01Speaker 4: letting go of that old approach of it's only what
- 29:05Speaker 4: the doctor gives and we just take it no matter what,
- 29:08Speaker 4: like you mentioned about certain drugs and their harm potential.
- 29:11Speaker 4: But you can seek out studies on your own, like
- 29:16Speaker 4: you know, on our research Clinic website, we list off
- 29:20Speaker 4: these studies that are active, whether it's a psychedelic or not,
- 29:24Speaker 4: and people can just call in and see if they
- 29:26Speaker 4: qualify on the phone, get a quick screening, and then
- 29:29Speaker 4: come in for a careful evaluation if it seems like
- 29:33Speaker 4: it might fit.
- 29:34Speaker 3: That's great to know.
- 29:35Speaker 1: Yeah, so the process then you come in for a
- 29:40Speaker 1: ketemine treatment and is it a series of treatments that
- 29:43Speaker 1: people usually do? And what kind of cost is there
- 29:46Speaker 1: for something like that? It is just an insurance covered
- 29:49Speaker 1: kind of thing.
- 29:50Speaker 4: Yeah, So these are great questions and I guess, unfortunately
- 29:53Speaker 4: and fortunately there's not one one size fits all answer.
- 29:58Speaker 4: It's a very individualized thing and it starts with you know,
- 30:03Speaker 4: careful screening, evaluation, treatment planning to see if that medicine,
- 30:09Speaker 4: say ketamine, really does make sense for you, and if
- 30:13Speaker 4: it does, most people do end up having more than
- 30:17Speaker 4: one session, but not always and ideally often it involves
- 30:22Speaker 4: some sessions leading up to that to get ready to
- 30:25Speaker 4: really start to till the soil and start to dig
- 30:30Speaker 4: up the things that you really want to work on,
- 30:34Speaker 4: clarify intentions for these dosing sessions or journeys if you will,
- 30:39Speaker 4: and then on dosing day you do come in and
- 30:43Speaker 4: to clinic and you're supported often with like I shades, headphones, reclined,
- 30:50Speaker 4: some music on. You receive the medicine in a very
- 30:53Speaker 4: different ways. Keta means like an hour or so journey.
- 30:56Speaker 4: There's some processing after, and then you turn for an
- 31:01Speaker 4: integration therapy session to really start to weave those insights
- 31:05Speaker 4: into day to day life. But on average, the best
- 31:09Speaker 4: results with ketymine have been seen when people get say
- 31:11Speaker 4: three to six different sessions spread over a number of weeks.
- 31:16Speaker 2: So there's importance to have integration after each one, a
- 31:20Speaker 2: session with a therapist or journaling, some sort of integration
- 31:24Speaker 2: to integrate what they've realized, what the awareness that has
- 31:29Speaker 2: come to themselves and kind of understanding that.
- 31:32Speaker 4: Yeah, because these medicines open up a window of opportunity
- 31:38Speaker 4: not just with awareness, but also with neuroplasticity, like the
- 31:43Speaker 4: ability to reshape new patterns and lay down new ones,
- 31:49Speaker 4: new conscious, healthy ways of showing up in the world.
- 31:53Speaker 4: And if you just open up the window and don't
- 31:56Speaker 4: do anything with it, you might come away with some
- 31:58Speaker 4: insights and awareness that might be lasting. You might have
- 32:02Speaker 4: some relief from say depression or other things for a time,
- 32:06Speaker 4: but there's a risk of it just snapping back into place.
- 32:10Speaker 4: So ketamine has benefits in both ways as a medicine
- 32:15Speaker 4: to lift a cloud of depression for a time, letting
- 32:18Speaker 4: you do the work, but also as a psychedelic agent
- 32:22Speaker 4: facilitating awareness and that window of opportunity to do the
- 32:27Speaker 4: work right.
- 32:28Speaker 2: Because as you see it and you become more aware,
- 32:31Speaker 2: it's like Scott and I are always talking about how
- 32:34Speaker 2: thoughts create your reality. Like you said at the beginning,
- 32:37Speaker 2: you really start to become aware of limiting beliefs or
- 32:41Speaker 2: limiting thoughts self talk, and you start to work on
- 32:45Speaker 2: just small changes in patterns or behaviors or habits to
- 32:50Speaker 2: start that on the outside so that it's now working
- 32:53Speaker 2: on the inside. In terms of how you think how
- 32:58Speaker 2: you immediately react to any you know, external event in
- 33:01Speaker 2: your life. You start to create that We call it
- 33:04Speaker 2: the space where you have that moment, brief moment to
- 33:08Speaker 2: be in choice of well, I can I can react
- 33:11Speaker 2: to this differently, I can think about this differently, I
- 33:15Speaker 2: can see this differently. My perspective has started to change.
- 33:19Speaker 1: It's a shift in patterns, right, because the pattern that
- 33:23Speaker 1: each of us have our own patterns the way we
- 33:24Speaker 1: show up, and they're ingrained in us, taught to us
- 33:28Speaker 1: by family, religion, people, friends, whatever, whatever, education, all of
- 33:34Speaker 1: the different sources of the of the patterning of our lives.
- 33:38Speaker 1: But there has to be this certain point where we
- 33:41Speaker 1: realize that we've got to uh change that perspective. It's old,
- 33:47Speaker 1: it's we're living in old old news. It's whatever our
- 33:51Speaker 1: thinking is. Our thinking is attached to history. With our
- 33:54Speaker 1: thinking attached to history, then we're trying to reconcile what
- 33:59Speaker 1: happened in this moment of now with something that happened
- 34:02Speaker 1: in the past. And what happened in this moment of
- 34:04Speaker 1: now may not have anything to do with what I
- 34:06Speaker 1: experienced in the past. So it's only when we can
- 34:09Speaker 1: come to that space observing it from presence. This is
- 34:16Speaker 1: what's actually going on, and that space isn't your mind
- 34:20Speaker 1: figuring it out. It's a more of a feeling, is
- 34:22Speaker 1: the way we like to describe that. How you say about.
- 34:25Speaker 4: That kind of an embodied knowing, But I like to
- 34:29Speaker 4: call it a moment of awakening, whether you get there
- 34:33Speaker 4: accidentally in your life, or whether you get there in
- 34:36Speaker 4: a course of psychedelic therapy during a dosing session with
- 34:41Speaker 4: an AHA moment or out of body experience, for example,
- 34:47Speaker 4: I first started to touch into that. Speaking of other
- 34:51Speaker 4: ways of getting there through meditation, yoga, I also saw
- 34:57Speaker 4: as I was teaching those things that it was really
- 35:00Speaker 4: hard to in this modern day get people to sit
- 35:06Speaker 4: still long enough to go that deep, or to do
- 35:10Speaker 4: a practice over enough time with enough diligence to start
- 35:15Speaker 4: to unearth those patterns. But that's what I personally discovered
- 35:19Speaker 4: long before psychedelics through a very dedicated yoga practice that
- 35:24Speaker 4: gave me my first glimpses of that. It was really profound.
- 35:28Speaker 1: Yeah, and I've heard other people say that same thing
- 35:31Speaker 1: about yoga and meditation.
- 35:33Speaker 2: So I have a question for you. You mentioned that
- 35:36Speaker 2: you put on headphones and that you have music. So
- 35:40Speaker 2: Scott's a big fan of the whole music process. And
- 35:44Speaker 2: you know, I've spent a lot of time thinking about music,
- 35:47Speaker 2: like from the time that we're born, how our mothers
- 35:49Speaker 2: sing to us as a baby, to sue us, and
- 35:52Speaker 2: so talk to us a little bit about the importance
- 35:54Speaker 2: of medicine music as medicine and how those very indigenous
- 36:00Speaker 2: kind of sounds or the music, the type of music
- 36:03Speaker 2: that you use, and why music is a part of
- 36:04Speaker 2: the experience.
- 36:06Speaker 4: And I love that you said music as medicine because
- 36:09Speaker 4: that's a term we'll use at work as well, kind
- 36:12Speaker 4: of a mantra or celebrating the power that music has
- 36:18Speaker 4: in the process of healing and growth. In fact, just
- 36:21Speaker 4: yesterday we announced some music as medicine events coming up
- 36:27Speaker 4: when coming to Utah Cedar. The clinics that I started
- 36:32Speaker 4: with a business partner are now owned by a company
- 36:36Speaker 4: called Numinous, who I work for as their chief clinical officer,
- 36:40Speaker 4: and a Numinous teamed up with East Forest to bring
- 36:44Speaker 4: these events around and Utah.
- 36:48Speaker 2: Now, yeah, yeah, we love these Forest Oh my goodness.
- 36:51Speaker 4: So I'll be sharing shortly. In fact, even last night
- 36:55Speaker 4: I put it on my Instagram story. But more on
- 36:58Speaker 4: the Utah event and the other one's coming. But music
- 37:02Speaker 4: is medicine. And when I was training in MDMA therapy
- 37:08Speaker 4: through Maps, one of my mentors, Bruce Poulter said, music
- 37:13Speaker 4: is the wind in the sails of the psychedelic experience.
- 37:17Speaker 4: And I've seen that play out in clinic and when
- 37:22Speaker 4: I've gone to the jungle and and had these medicine teams.
- 37:29Speaker 4: These shamans share not only the medicine, but the healing songs.
- 37:36Speaker 4: The chance that music as medicine that really hits a
- 37:43Speaker 4: different part of your soul and has a profound effect
- 37:49Speaker 4: independent and especially paired with these these therapy accelerator medicines.
- 37:56Speaker 2: Yeah, the frequency and vibration that they all start to
- 37:58Speaker 2: play in harmony with one other, he is really powerful.
- 38:02Speaker 1: Have you do you know where? Have you heard of
- 38:05Speaker 1: or used any of the music by Budengi?
- 38:08Speaker 3: Yeah?
- 38:08Speaker 4: I went to his concert in Salt Lake a few
- 38:12Speaker 4: months ago.
- 38:13Speaker 1: We were there, we didn't see you, okay, yeah.
- 38:16Speaker 4: Well and actually that full house, it was a full house.
- 38:19Speaker 2: That's actually where the first term music is medicine came
- 38:23Speaker 2: to me because Perengi did an event, three or four
- 38:28Speaker 2: day event that we went to in Sedona. That was
- 38:30Speaker 2: music is medicine, and it was all about the music
- 38:34Speaker 2: and his you know, his indigenous roots coming from both
- 38:38Speaker 2: his the background of his father and his mother Brazilian
- 38:40Speaker 2: and Mexican. Mexican, and just how that music is such
- 38:44Speaker 2: a such an integral part of who he is.
- 38:47Speaker 4: Oh, yeah, it's really beautiful. Yeah, that's amazing. I saw
- 38:51Speaker 4: the event that he was doing down there and thought
- 38:54Speaker 4: it would be beautiful to go to. That's really neat
- 38:56Speaker 4: that you got to go.
- 38:57Speaker 1: I can't recommend going to that enough. I mean, it
- 39:00Speaker 1: really shifted my own experience in music because one of
- 39:05Speaker 1: the things that he said initially when he was at
- 39:07Speaker 1: a gathering I was out in Arizona, and he would
- 39:11Speaker 1: talk about getting out of the way so much, allowing
- 39:14Speaker 1: the music to play through you instead of from you.
- 39:16Speaker 1: When you're trying to create something from your mind, it
- 39:21Speaker 1: can be great, but when you try and just when
- 39:23Speaker 1: you just get yourself out of the way and allow
- 39:25Speaker 1: the music to play through you, it becomes something else.
- 39:29Speaker 1: It's amazing.
- 39:31Speaker 4: Yeah, it's hard to even put words around. The first
- 39:35Speaker 4: time I ever met PEREGI was I don't know, this
- 39:39Speaker 4: is probably six years ago at a yoga studio in Austin, Texas,
- 39:45Speaker 4: independent of any psychedelic event whatsoever. I went to this
- 39:50Speaker 4: yoga study called Black Swan and there was this guy
- 39:54Speaker 4: with dig redoo and all these mysterious instruments around him stuff. Yeah,
- 40:01Speaker 4: and a looper mm hm. And he started doing that
- 40:04Speaker 4: during the whole class. And when we're laying there in
- 40:06Speaker 4: shavasan at the end, like the glorious nap time at
- 40:10Speaker 4: the end of yoga, he's walking around blowing this digeridoo
- 40:13Speaker 4: while all these other things are looped. It was that
- 40:16Speaker 4: was a psychedelic experience without medicine right there, because music
- 40:21Speaker 4: was the medicine.
- 40:23Speaker 2: And that's that's what he does.
- 40:24Speaker 3: It's amazing.
- 40:25Speaker 1: Yeah, we had that experience at the event we went
- 40:28Speaker 1: to in Sodona. We've been to two of his events.
- 40:30Speaker 1: We did one in Bouldered, Utah, and then we did
- 40:32Speaker 1: the one in Sodona and uh, just off the cuff,
- 40:36Speaker 1: they decided one night to do an event where he
- 40:39Speaker 1: was going to play live and do a meditation like that.
- 40:41Speaker 1: We did breath work and then we did the cool
- 40:44Speaker 1: the music and so powerful. There was a couple of
- 40:46Speaker 1: moments in it where it felt like there was this
- 40:49Speaker 1: sound swirling around and it was with the did WeDo. Again,
- 40:52Speaker 1: He's like this did wed master. He's a master of
- 40:54Speaker 1: pretty much everything. Yeah, but the did WeDo was pretty amazing.
- 40:59Speaker 3: Yeah.
- 40:59Speaker 4: I think the more the deeper you go in this
- 41:02Speaker 4: kind of inner journey, the more you start to see
- 41:06Speaker 4: the role of music in it and how it touches
- 41:11Speaker 4: so many parts of your soul that might have been asleep.
- 41:15Speaker 4: And we'll use it after psychedelic therapy, like say there's
- 41:19Speaker 4: a special playlist that someone uses during a session, whether
- 41:23Speaker 4: we're working with groups or individuals, we'll encourage them to
- 41:26Speaker 4: revisit it in their own integration and meditation, to go
- 41:29Speaker 4: back to that sacred place and revisit some of those
- 41:34Speaker 4: special insights that came up.
- 41:36Speaker 1: The songs can bring back some of that experience. Yeah,
- 41:41Speaker 1: it's beautiful.
- 41:42Speaker 2: Well, and that's another interesting aspect of Eastern medicine when
- 41:45Speaker 2: they talk about the chakras and how there is a
- 41:48Speaker 2: note that is flying to each of the chakras. And
- 41:52Speaker 2: recently Scott did an album where he recorded music for
- 41:55Speaker 2: each of the chakras. And also we've spent some time
- 41:59Speaker 2: now diving deeper into soul Faggio frequencies and all of
- 42:03Speaker 2: those frequencies that music, you can feel them very differently
- 42:06Speaker 2: in your body zeparate from any kind of meta. I mean,
- 42:10Speaker 2: they are the medicine that frequency.
- 42:13Speaker 1: Yeah for sure.
- 42:13Speaker 3: Yeah. Yeah.
- 42:14Speaker 4: Sound healing is such a powerful modality that I'll even
- 42:18Speaker 4: bring into clinics sometimes will do sound a sound bath
- 42:22Speaker 4: event paired with breathwork or meditation, and it can be
- 42:28Speaker 4: really profound.
- 42:29Speaker 1: I put a tepee up in my backyard and I've
- 42:31Speaker 1: got two other women that come in. Julie Cantrell play
- 42:34Speaker 1: singing bowls, and then another woman, Carly comes in and
- 42:39Speaker 1: she does bodywork. She's a massage therapist, so she does bodywork. Well,
- 42:42Speaker 1: we're doing music. I'm playing all sorts of other instruments
- 42:45Speaker 1: while Julie's doing the sound bowls, and it's been pretty cool.
- 42:50Speaker 4: Yeah, amazing. I'll have to catch one of those events.
- 42:54Speaker 1: Now.
- 42:55Speaker 2: I've heard you often quote doctor Groff about the quote
- 43:00Speaker 2: that he talks. Can you kind of share that. I
- 43:02Speaker 2: love that quote about kind of what medicine is to
- 43:07Speaker 2: the mind.
- 43:08Speaker 4: Yeah. So he's this gentle giant of psychedelic medicine. There's
- 43:15Speaker 4: a great documentary on him called The Way of the
- 43:17Speaker 4: Psychoonoup and he has books called that same title. He's
- 43:22Speaker 4: facilitated thousands of sessions with his you know amazing spacey
- 43:28Speaker 4: Holes and Brilliant Mind, And he said something like, psychedelics
- 43:34Speaker 4: are to the mind what you know, the telescope is
- 43:38Speaker 4: to astronomy. And we'll do more for our understanding of
- 43:42Speaker 4: neuroscience and how the mind works than anything yet. And
- 43:47Speaker 4: I truly believe that as as a psychiatrist and as
- 43:52Speaker 4: a clinical researcher a neuroscientist, I'm already I'm already seeing
- 43:59Speaker 4: that start to be realized in the research studies that
- 44:03Speaker 4: come out about the psychedelic studies with brain imaging or EEG.
- 44:09Speaker 4: Brainwave patterns, because you have this limited dosing session or
- 44:16Speaker 4: journey where so much happens, and you take away all
- 44:19Speaker 4: the distracting, confounding variables of day to day life and
- 44:24Speaker 4: we get to witness transformation like awareness and transformation happening
- 44:29Speaker 4: in real time. And that's powerful not just for the individual,
- 44:34Speaker 4: but how we understand ourselves as a whole and as
- 44:37Speaker 4: a society.
- 44:38Speaker 3: Right. Yeah, I was.
- 44:40Speaker 2: I had a brother in law who was really struggling
- 44:42Speaker 2: with a terminal illness and I had read where JOHNS.
- 44:46Speaker 2: Hopkins was doing again research with the medicine around terminal
- 44:50Speaker 2: illness and people who were facing you know that that
- 44:54Speaker 2: terminal sort of sentence, if you would call it a sentence,
- 44:57Speaker 2: but that notion about what death was and coming to
- 45:02Speaker 2: terms with sort of end of life and the beyond
- 45:07Speaker 2: for a better word. So I know there's a lot
- 45:10Speaker 2: of work that's being done, a very broad spectrum of
- 45:13Speaker 2: work that's being done with the medicine.
- 45:15Speaker 4: Yeah, that's a great example of how it can be
- 45:18Speaker 4: used in even a single session to help give someone
- 45:22Speaker 4: a completely new perspective. Because one of our core fears
- 45:26Speaker 4: as humans is death, the uncertainty around death and dying,
- 45:31Speaker 4: and most people, especially in the face of a serious
- 45:36Speaker 4: illness like end stage cancer, end of life anxiety can
- 45:43Speaker 4: show up in such a troubling way and it prevents
- 45:47Speaker 4: the individual from being able to relax and be present
- 45:51Speaker 4: for that final chapter of their lives. It can be
- 45:54Speaker 4: somewhat of a sacred passage. So when psychedelic medicines have
- 45:59Speaker 4: been studied in that context, it's amazing to see psilocybin,
- 46:04Speaker 4: for example, in a certain high dose, will reliably give
- 46:08Speaker 4: most people in those studies one of the most meaningful
- 46:12Speaker 4: and profound experiences of their lives that helps them move
- 46:18Speaker 4: towards that sacred passage in a completely new way.
- 46:23Speaker 3: And I think that's.
- 46:23Speaker 1: Beautiful, fascinating.
- 46:25Speaker 3: It really is.
- 46:25Speaker 1: And the reason that you know we said earlier that
- 46:29Speaker 1: it's ineffable is because each person has that experience in
- 46:32Speaker 1: a personal way, and for you to say, well, this
- 46:35Speaker 1: is how it is, that that's kind of the way
- 46:37Speaker 1: the belief structures of times past have functioned. You know,
- 46:41Speaker 1: I've discovered this, so you know you need to come
- 46:44Speaker 1: and do it this way where this just opens it
- 46:46Speaker 1: up for every person to have their own individual path.
- 46:49Speaker 4: Yeah, these medicines, I like how you said it because
- 46:53Speaker 4: they do open you up to your spirituality. They don't
- 46:57Speaker 4: impose a religious belief. I've seen people really deepen their
- 47:03Speaker 4: beliefs in pick any religion or spiritual walk of life
- 47:10Speaker 4: through these medicines. I'm sure some might make a one
- 47:13Speaker 4: to eighty degree turn realizing something about what they really believe.
- 47:18Speaker 4: But I've seen so many people reclaim a belief in
- 47:21Speaker 4: a higher power through these medicines.
- 47:26Speaker 1: It's more real than it is just this thing out there. Yeah,
- 47:31Speaker 1: it's not really a belief it's an embodiment of something different.
- 47:35Speaker 4: There was a fascinating study done in the early sixties,
- 47:40Speaker 4: the marsh Chapel Experiment. It was done by Tim Lary Dick,
- 47:46Speaker 4: Alpert Ramdas, and Walter Panke who was like a grad student,
- 47:52Speaker 4: and they gave divinity students in the Graduate Theology school
- 47:57Speaker 4: in Boston a high dosecil cybon. Ten got psilocybin, ten
- 48:02Speaker 4: got placebo, And what they did during the study was
- 48:05Speaker 4: they had them listen to a sermon by this eloquent,
- 48:09Speaker 4: famous pastor in the basement of the Marsh Chapel. And
- 48:13Speaker 4: what was fascinating is like they all saw something different,
- 48:18Speaker 4: like choirs of angels singing or whatever. The experience was like.
- 48:22Speaker 4: But nine out of ten of the people who got
- 48:24Speaker 4: psilocybin went on to become like pastors, and one out
- 48:31Speaker 4: of ten who got placebo went on to become pastors
- 48:34Speaker 4: through this school. Was just intriguing to me to see
- 48:37Speaker 4: what it deepened for them.
- 48:40Speaker 2: Right where it took that experience just into their own
- 48:45Speaker 2: belief in thinking how it deepened that.
- 48:47Speaker 1: Yeah, yeah, so I think here's a question I want
- 48:51Speaker 1: to ask about the psilocybin research that you were involved
- 48:54Speaker 1: in So I think there's people out there that are
- 48:57Speaker 1: going to say, so, do you just give them a
- 48:58Speaker 1: handful of mushrooms and they eat them? Or what form that?
- 49:01Speaker 3: How is that?
- 49:02Speaker 1: Now? I know with scientific studies it needs to be
- 49:05Speaker 1: in a controlled way. So is it synthesized psilocybin or
- 49:09Speaker 1: how hell is that?
- 49:10Speaker 4: So far it is synthetic psilocybin that is still like
- 49:16Speaker 4: in the studies at Johns Hopkins, like in the ones
- 49:18Speaker 4: we're doing, still at this dose bringing about a very
- 49:23Speaker 4: strong mystical type experience. But we would love to use
- 49:28Speaker 4: naturally derived psilocybin from mushrooms, and that's coming, I believe,
- 49:34Speaker 4: even at Numinus. We have a biosciences lab in Canada
- 49:37Speaker 4: as working on jumping through the proper hoops for naturally
- 49:44Speaker 4: derived psilocybin for research studies. But the FDA likes us
- 49:50Speaker 4: in clinical research studies to focus on one thing at
- 49:52Speaker 4: a time. Sure, there is this potential entourage effect with
- 49:57Speaker 4: the other compounds in say magic mushrooms, they might be
- 50:02Speaker 4: beautiful things, but to jump through the right hoops and
- 50:07Speaker 4: to get these medicines back on track, we've had to
- 50:11Speaker 4: focus the study on So far, synthetic psilocybin, but I
- 50:17Speaker 4: don't think that will always be the case. I think
- 50:19Speaker 4: that will be the case for the psilocybin that's first
- 50:22Speaker 4: approved as a prescribable therapy. So when you come into clinic,
- 50:26Speaker 4: you're getting capsules with synthetic psilocybin in it and or
- 50:33Speaker 4: la cibo, you know, is how we have to control
- 50:35Speaker 4: these experiments.
- 50:36Speaker 1: Let me ask you one more thing along that line.
- 50:39Speaker 1: So is microdosing part of the that therapy or is
- 50:43Speaker 1: it just dosing? Is the microdosing to take the place
- 50:46Speaker 1: of maybe, you know, your prozacs and those different things
- 50:50Speaker 1: out there.
- 50:50Speaker 4: We're not doing any microdosing studies right now, and there
- 50:55Speaker 4: are very few happening or planned in North America. There
- 51:00Speaker 4: are some that have been done recently, really really helpful ones.
- 51:04Speaker 4: In Europe. It's harder in our regulatory environment to send
- 51:10Speaker 4: someone home with the Schedule one banned substance, right It's
- 51:14Speaker 4: hard enough. I had to jump through some huge hoops
- 51:20Speaker 4: to get approval to study these medicines. It's called a
- 51:23Speaker 4: Schedule one license for each medicine. It took many, many
- 51:26Speaker 4: months and mountains of paperwork for each one, and it
- 51:31Speaker 4: turned out to be a really collaborative process, with even
- 51:34Speaker 4: the local DEA coming to inspect. It feels like we're
- 51:38Speaker 4: all in the same team navigating this unfortunate system that
- 51:42Speaker 4: was put in place decades ago. But we're getting there,
- 51:46Speaker 4: and microdosing is still less understood and there are a
- 51:51Speaker 4: lot more variables in the mix. When you're taking a
- 51:54Speaker 4: sub perceptual or a low dose and you're taking it
- 51:57Speaker 4: home and there's all the other noise of day to
- 52:00Speaker 4: day life in the in the equation, including the placebo response,
- 52:05Speaker 4: that is a powerful thing in and of itself.
- 52:07Speaker 3: Yeah, yeah, I can see that.
- 52:10Speaker 2: So read tell us a little bit about some of
- 52:13Speaker 2: the sort of success stories that you've heard, or some
- 52:16Speaker 2: of the things that you have found the most you know,
- 52:21Speaker 2: joy in seeing come about because of this medicine, like
- 52:25Speaker 2: with the patients you're working or with different clinical things
- 52:28Speaker 2: that's happening with the company that you work for in Canada.
- 52:31Speaker 2: Just some of those things that inspire you to keep
- 52:33Speaker 2: continuing down this path.
- 52:36Speaker 4: You know, A couple things come to mind. I love
- 52:40Speaker 4: seeing people come in for their first or an early
- 52:45Speaker 4: psychedelic journey on their healing path and to see what
- 52:51Speaker 4: light bulbs go off. In their mind, their heart as
- 52:55Speaker 4: they start to see connect the dots of ways they've
- 53:01Speaker 4: been stuck in life, Like they might see their relationship
- 53:06Speaker 4: with their parents or family members in a new light
- 53:09Speaker 4: and see and be able to rewrite a narrative and
- 53:17Speaker 4: release some old, tightly held, self limiting, stuck beliefs of
- 53:23Speaker 4: being unlovable or things like that, and then to see
- 53:29Speaker 4: what happens from there, like a weight lifted off someone's shoulders,
- 53:35Speaker 4: a sense of being free, of being important, of mattering,
- 53:39Speaker 4: of being able to give and receive love is just
- 53:44Speaker 4: It's the most special thing I can think of to
- 53:48Speaker 4: witness that happening. And I've seen it time and time again.
- 53:52Speaker 2: And is it across a broad spectrum? I mean, are
- 53:55Speaker 2: we talking about you know what age or is it
- 53:58Speaker 2: mostly men? Women? You know, teenagers? Kind of what does
- 54:01Speaker 2: the spectrum look like in terms of those people that
- 54:04Speaker 2: are finding you?
- 54:06Speaker 4: You know, I've worked with a variety of these compounds
- 54:11Speaker 4: in research and clinical settings, and even gone out of
- 54:15Speaker 4: country to jurisdictions where I could work with plant medicines
- 54:21Speaker 4: when it was really important for an individual or family.
- 54:24Speaker 4: Another another thing I've really loved to do is work
- 54:30Speaker 4: with families and groups. Like countless occasions I've had, say
- 54:36Speaker 4: parents and like an adult kid or an adolescent with
- 54:41Speaker 4: who's struggling with say a serious eating disorder or severe
- 54:44Speaker 4: PTSD or something like that, to come in and do
- 54:48Speaker 4: the work together. I will give the medicine to parents
- 54:53Speaker 4: sometimes who are who are in it with their child,
- 54:58Speaker 4: you know, having their own struggle in parallel and feeling
- 55:01Speaker 4: the struggles of their child. And to see them bravely
- 55:04Speaker 4: go in there together come out and connect on new
- 55:09Speaker 4: deep ways soul the soul, opening their emotions to each
- 55:14Speaker 4: other and supporting each other new ways is just the
- 55:17Speaker 4: most touching thing.
- 55:19Speaker 2: Well, because that narrative is really interwoven between all three people,
- 55:23Speaker 2: each of them having this shared experience, but all of
- 55:26Speaker 2: them having their own experience in that kind of shared event.
- 55:31Speaker 4: Yeah, a couple's work is another really powerful way to
- 55:38Speaker 4: approach this medicine. In fact, when MBMA was legal several
- 55:43Speaker 4: decades ago, the therapists who are still around I used
- 55:46Speaker 4: to work with it above ground then said they felt
- 55:51Speaker 4: like the most amazing therapist when they would just give
- 55:54Speaker 4: the medicine, sit there and hold space and watch the
- 55:57Speaker 4: magic unfold where people can take down the walls, you know,
- 56:03Speaker 4: see through new kind of more loving eyes, cultivate a
- 56:08Speaker 4: sense of trust, and move towards each other. What happens
- 56:12Speaker 4: after that, after one session, can completely change the course
- 56:17Speaker 4: of someone's life. Partnership, family life.
- 56:22Speaker 1: Is that something that's available for couples now.
- 56:25Speaker 4: It is, unfortunately not yet. The way these things go
- 56:32Speaker 4: is it's studied in individuals adults first, Like look at
- 56:36Speaker 4: MDMA for example, one of the most powerful medicines, I mean,
- 56:40Speaker 4: the most powerful medicine I've seen ever for PTSD and
- 56:44Speaker 4: likely to be the first psychedelic approved. There was one
- 56:50Speaker 4: study done of couples in Canada where one in the
- 56:55Speaker 4: partnership had severe PTSD and the other did not, but
- 56:57Speaker 4: still got medicine, And there's a really positive study. But
- 57:01Speaker 4: first the approval will come for adults. It'll be studied
- 57:04Speaker 4: in like laid adolescents after that, and then looking at
- 57:11Speaker 4: other ways of delivering the medicine, like we'll be doing
- 57:15Speaker 4: probably next year a group MDMA study here for gender
- 57:20Speaker 4: minority trauma. Individuals who have experienced a lot of trauma
- 57:29Speaker 4: from who are within the LGBT community and really could
- 57:35Speaker 4: use that container with other people who can relate and
- 57:40Speaker 4: facilitators who are really working with them as their whole,
- 57:46Speaker 4: unique individuals to support and honor the healing process. And
- 57:52Speaker 4: that's another one I'm looking forward to. We've done We've
- 57:57Speaker 4: done a project recently giving ketamine and group settings to
- 58:00Speaker 4: healthcare workers with trauma working in the pandemic. That was
- 58:04Speaker 4: super powerful as well.
- 58:05Speaker 1: Oh wow, well, I you know, the the amount of
- 58:09Speaker 1: suicide that's going on right now, it's just people stuck
- 58:12Speaker 1: in their minds in old thinking and old old patterns
- 58:16Speaker 1: and the importance of something like this to come out.
- 58:20Speaker 3: I love to hear that.
- 58:22Speaker 1: You know, there's collaboration with the DEA. Yeah, that's that's
- 58:26Speaker 1: amazing that that that kind of thing, the government, the DA.
- 58:29Speaker 1: I think hopefully those in the religious world will start
- 58:33Speaker 1: to get on board a little bit more with this,
- 58:36Speaker 1: that we can't hold it in this dark place when
- 58:38Speaker 1: it's bringing truly bringing light into people's lives.
- 58:42Speaker 4: I've heard of even bishops in Utah referring clients who
- 58:48Speaker 4: are really struggling with in the LDS church. In the
- 58:52Speaker 4: LDS Church referring or giving a member of their war
- 59:00Speaker 4: in the church permission to go seek a psychedelic medicine
- 59:05Speaker 4: session for their healing process, which I found I found
- 59:10Speaker 4: like a positive sign. Absolutely.
- 59:13Speaker 3: That's awesome of the.
- 59:14Speaker 4: World opening up to it, both even inside traditional religions.
- 59:21Speaker 1: Yeah, that's that's great to hear in Utah. You know,
- 59:23Speaker 1: that's the prevalent belief system that we have here, so
- 59:27Speaker 1: that's the one that we get to experience. But I'm
- 59:28Speaker 1: sure that that's happening all around the country.
- 59:31Speaker 4: Yeah. There was even a Mormon bishop who went and
- 59:35Speaker 4: did iawuascat rhythmia and recently talked about it on a
- 59:39Speaker 4: Utah podcast that's been widely circulated. That was really neat.
- 59:45Speaker 1: Yeah, well, tell us a little bit about how people
- 59:49Speaker 1: can stay in touch with you. You've got an Instagram channel,
- 59:54Speaker 1: a podcast, and what else to give us some of
- 59:56Speaker 1: that detail, so that that's out there.
- 59:58Speaker 4: Yeah, you can find me on Instagram at at innerspace.
- 1:00:04Speaker 1: Doctor uh inner space doctor, Yeah.
- 1:00:07Speaker 4: Or read Robison dot com has it all listed. I
- 1:00:11Speaker 4: work for Numinous and you am i am us dot
- 1:00:18Speaker 4: com if I'm spelling it.
- 1:00:19Speaker 2: Right, and read is ri i D So that's a
- 1:00:22Speaker 2: little different as well.
- 1:00:23Speaker 4: Read and our podcast at work that I do with
- 1:00:28Speaker 4: colleague and friend Steve Thayer. He's a psychologist is called
- 1:00:31Speaker 4: Psychedelic Therapy frontiers dot com, and we talk about these
- 1:00:36Speaker 4: things freely and openly and sometimes with guests, just about
- 1:00:42Speaker 4: all things psychedelic and mental health.
- 1:00:45Speaker 3: Oh that's great, I.
- 1:00:46Speaker 1: Mean, and you said that if you're willing to show this,
- 1:00:50Speaker 1: someone actually reported you to the authorities, and the authorities
- 1:00:52Speaker 1: were on board and said, let's just keep doing.
- 1:00:55Speaker 4: Yeah. I had my first ever complaint called in too.
- 1:01:00Speaker 4: You know, as a physician, I'm licensed by the state.
- 1:01:04Speaker 4: It's called doppele in Utah, and someone called in saying
- 1:01:09Speaker 4: this person is talking about illegal drugs on a podcast,
- 1:01:14Speaker 4: and so I got a call and at first I
- 1:01:16Speaker 4: was like, oh, what is going on? But then I
- 1:01:20Speaker 4: get on with this representative from the state who just
- 1:01:25Speaker 4: checked in on those things and was completely understanding about Oh, yeah,
- 1:01:30Speaker 4: that person is just misunderstanding what the work you're doing
- 1:01:35Speaker 4: with these medicines in an above board way, going through
- 1:01:38Speaker 4: the right process to be able to give them legally.
- 1:01:42Speaker 4: And they dismissed it all swiftly, which I found really
- 1:01:47Speaker 4: encouraging as well.
- 1:01:48Speaker 1: It really is because we're in a pretty conservative place
- 1:01:52Speaker 1: and to know that's that's the way that's going is
- 1:01:55Speaker 1: that's good news.
- 1:01:55Speaker 4: Yeah, because I am doing this because I've being just
- 1:02:01Speaker 4: first hand time and time again with my clients, the
- 1:02:05Speaker 4: suffering that's out there, the the struggle that we all
- 1:02:10Speaker 4: have in so many different ways in our mental health individually, collectively.
- 1:02:18Speaker 4: And you know, I do, I do see the potential
- 1:02:22Speaker 4: of these medicines for a number of people as ways
- 1:02:27Speaker 4: to either accelerate the healing journey and or open up
- 1:02:33Speaker 4: a door to really doing that work in a new way.
- 1:02:37Speaker 3: That's so exciting.
- 1:02:38Speaker 2: I mean, so with that, what do you read Robinson
- 1:02:42Speaker 2: had the ability to waive a magic wand for the future,
- 1:02:45Speaker 2: what would that future look like in three years, two years,
- 1:02:49Speaker 2: five years, What what is your greatest hope to see
- 1:02:52Speaker 2: come about for humanity?
- 1:02:55Speaker 4: You know, it's uh, it takes a lot of patience
- 1:02:59Speaker 4: and cause me a lot of heartache to be honest,
- 1:03:02Speaker 4: how long it is taking to bring these medicines into
- 1:03:07Speaker 4: a place where we can give them legally. And if
- 1:03:12Speaker 4: I could speed that up in any way, I would like.
- 1:03:15Speaker 4: I know Oregon, for example, is working on another, like
- 1:03:18Speaker 4: another way of opening access to psilocybin therapy through state
- 1:03:22Speaker 4: legislation in Utah. There's a task force exploring it a
- 1:03:27Speaker 4: lot of other places are working on that. But if
- 1:03:30Speaker 4: I could give psilocybin MDMA, DMT in clinic with therapy
- 1:03:38Speaker 4: for some really important conditions where so many people are
- 1:03:42Speaker 4: suffering and sometimes lives are being lost, I would love
- 1:03:48Speaker 4: to be able to do that sooner rather than later.
- 1:03:51Speaker 3: Yeah, well that would be great.
- 1:03:53Speaker 1: We talk about this together all the time. That's coming.
- 1:03:57Speaker 1: We don't know when you know the timing, but I
- 1:04:00Speaker 1: think that the trains on the rails and it's moving
- 1:04:03Speaker 1: down and it might be going slow right now, but
- 1:04:06Speaker 1: I think the results speak for themselves and there's not
- 1:04:09Speaker 1: going to be any way for us to be able
- 1:04:11Speaker 1: to stop that train.
- 1:04:13Speaker 4: Yeah, the train has left the station and it's it
- 1:04:16Speaker 4: is really a cause for hope.
- 1:04:18Speaker 1: Yeah, I agree. Anything else that you'd like to share
- 1:04:22Speaker 1: with us in partying, We sure appreciate you being here.
- 1:04:28Speaker 2: The more I try to prevent it, does this happening?
- 1:04:32Speaker 4: No, I just say thank you for yeah, what what
- 1:04:36Speaker 4: you're doing in this community and this renaissance to really
- 1:04:42Speaker 4: take this uh, this perspective, the stance of loving awareness
- 1:04:47Speaker 4: and seeing it for what it is and opening the conversation.
- 1:04:52Speaker 4: It's really been touching to see.
- 1:04:54Speaker 2: Yeah, I think it's so important that we all step
- 1:04:57Speaker 2: into a place where we become more sovereign about ourselves,
- 1:05:00Speaker 2: you know, and about our own wellness.
- 1:05:03Speaker 4: Yeah.
- 1:05:03Speaker 2: And as we've worked and we've worked with a lot
- 1:05:06Speaker 2: of people, it's about understanding that you are your own curriculum.
- 1:05:12Speaker 2: You know, you are what you need to kind of understand,
- 1:05:16Speaker 2: and that self awareness journey that really helps you start
- 1:05:20Speaker 2: to heal yourself from the experiences you've had, the thoughts
- 1:05:24Speaker 2: that you've created as your reality, and become more sovereign
- 1:05:29Speaker 2: as a human walking the earth in a more loving way,
- 1:05:31Speaker 2: first to yourself and then to others.
- 1:05:34Speaker 4: I love that.
- 1:05:35Speaker 1: Yeah, And you know, we don't we don't want to
- 1:05:37Speaker 1: stand up on a soapbox and say this is the
- 1:05:39Speaker 1: answer for everyone. And as I mentioned before, but we've
- 1:05:43Speaker 1: seen friends and family transform their lives through this and
- 1:05:49Speaker 1: we've been able to see that firsthand. And that's the
- 1:05:52Speaker 1: reason we're such advocates for it. You know, we've been
- 1:05:55Speaker 1: to the jungle, as they say, and you've been to
- 1:05:58Speaker 1: the jungle, and when that happened, our perspective shifted. So
- 1:06:03Speaker 1: many things shifted, and it's not something that we really
- 1:06:08Speaker 1: feel drawn to even doing right now. But the experience
- 1:06:13Speaker 1: that we had continues to unfold. I call it again
- 1:06:17Speaker 1: some of my weird sayings, the infinite onion just continues
- 1:06:20Speaker 1: to unpeel and over and over, and the learning never ends.
- 1:06:24Speaker 1: It's just continual. We never arrive at an understanding of
- 1:06:28Speaker 1: what the hell we're doing here. It's an ever, ever
- 1:06:32Speaker 1: unfolding pattern.
- 1:06:33Speaker 4: Of life of peeling away layers, feeling away the layers, right.
- 1:06:36Speaker 3: I like it.
- 1:06:37Speaker 2: As Scot often asks people, who do you think the
- 1:06:39Speaker 2: hardest person is to know? And it's always yourself.
- 1:06:42Speaker 1: It's always yourself. Yeah, yeah. Thank you so much for
- 1:06:46Speaker 1: being our first guest to really dive into this. We
- 1:06:50Speaker 1: appreciate you being here and being so open. This is
- 1:06:54Speaker 1: riceless information for people to have out there and can
- 1:06:56Speaker 1: really be transformative for people.
- 1:06:58Speaker 2: And I encourage people to find you and see the
- 1:07:01Speaker 2: studies that you're doing and pay attention to the things
- 1:07:04Speaker 2: that are moving and changing. It's an exciting time to
- 1:07:07Speaker 2: be in the work that you're doing.
- 1:07:08Speaker 4: It is it is, it's an honor to talk about
- 1:07:11Speaker 4: it with you. Thanks for having me great.
- 1:07:13Speaker 3: Thanks again. Read.
- 1:07:15Speaker 1: If you're enjoying the Observatory podcast, please consider subscribing, sharing
- 1:07:20Speaker 1: us and if you have time to write a review
- 1:07:23Speaker 1: about something that may have affected your life or helped
- 1:07:25Speaker 1: you in some way, please do so. That helps us
- 1:07:29Speaker 1: to get the word out and get this information out
- 1:07:31Speaker 1: to more and more people so that it can be
- 1:07:33Speaker 1: shared and we can help ripple out this energy that's
- 1:07:38Speaker 1: emanating in the world today. There's been so much separation
- 1:07:41Speaker 1: and we want to find a way to create conversations
- 1:07:44Speaker 1: where we can come together, not divide so much as
- 1:07:48Speaker 1: we have been to learn to come together in unity.
- 1:07:51Speaker 2: Thank you you've been listening to the Observatory podcast.
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- 1:08:02Speaker 1: of our future episodes.