Latest / Im Krisenmodus / Women in Ukraine’s War: Taking Responsibility on the Front and at Home

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Women in Ukraine’s War: Taking Responsibility on the Front and at Home · Im Krisenmodus

• 0:00
  Die Übersetzung von Jans Stimme vom Deutschen ins Englische wurde mit einer
• 0:04
  KI erstellt. Was bedeutet das?
• 0:30
  Und ich persönlich glaube, dass sich die Ukraine in der Zukunft,
• 0:35
  nach der Krieg zu Ende, auf die Frauen zu Ende, wird es auf die Frauen.
• 0:43
  In Crisis Mode, the podcast from Conflict Zones.
• 0:52
  Anna Portova is a member of the Ukrainian Parliament. She serves on the Budget Committee.
• 0:57
  Since the beginning of Russia's full-scale invasion, she has also been working
• 1:01
  on issues concerning veterans, people with war-related disabilities,
• 1:05
  and the families of missing soldiers and prisoners of war.
• 1:09
  Her assessment is certainly a political statement, but it also reflects something
• 1:13
  that comes through in many personal stories.
• 1:16
  During wartime, women not only take on new responsibilities,
• 1:20
  They also hold together several different areas of life at the same time.
• 1:25
  Hallo, ich bin Jan Jessen, Political
• 1:27
  Editor-in-Chief und War und Crisis Reporter für Funkamedia Group.
• 1:31
  Ihr könnt mir meine Artikel auf unseren digitalen Plattformen finden.
• 1:35
  Für diese Episode, ich spreche mit sechs Frauen in Ukraine.
• 1:38
  Sie leben in der Kapitel, Kyiv, neben der Frontline oder in der Süddeutsche
• 1:43
  Land, und ihre Rolle in der Süddeutschen kann sich nicht mehr anders sein.
• 1:46
  Eine von ihnen arbeitet in Parlament und versucht zu helfen die Familien der
• 1:50
  Kriegen der Kriegen. eine als Kombat-Medik in der Front selbst. Vielen.
• 2:04
  Dank.
• 2:06
  Biologist advises Mine Clearance Teams in the Black Sea.
• 2:10
  I'd like to start with Anna Potova because her work particularly clearly shows
• 2:15
  how the war reaches into areas that, at first glance, seem far removed von der BATTLEFIELD.
• 2:21
  Anna Patova ist 44 Jahre alt und kommt aus Dnipro, eine große Stadt in der eastern
• 2:27
  part der Zentral Ukraine.
• 2:29
  Sie ist ein Mitglied der Servant der People Party, die die sich um die Vlodomir
• 2:34
  Zielenk hat, der Präsident und ist auch die Gouvernein Party.
• 2:39
  Sie ist auf der Budget Committee der Ukraine.
• 2:43
  Vorher in der Politik, sie hat die Unternehmen gewonnen, insbesondere auf die Digitalisierung.
• 2:49
  Since the Russian invasion, she has also been dealing with the consequences of the war.
• 2:54
  She is particularly focused on people returning from captivity,
• 2:58
  the wounded, and the families of soldiers whose fate remains unclear.
• 3:03
  When women or mothers ask her whether she knows where their husbands and sons
• 3:07
  are, she often has no answer.
• 3:10
  According to Ukrainian officials, Russia does not reliably confirm which soldiers
• 3:15
  are being held in captivity,
• 3:17
  International organizations have only limited access. We heard this again and
• 3:22
  again on our travels when we spoke with former Ukrainian prisoners of war.
• 3:26
  We'll put the relevant episode in the show notes for you.
• 3:29
  Anna, therefore, does not just talk about individual cases. She is talking about
• 3:33
  a political system that is failing to deliver on its promise to protect prisoners of war.
• 3:39
  We have a lot of job to do here inside the country.
• 3:42
  We need to accept special laws to help the families, to organize medical support
• 3:48
  of them and other things. But this is the work that we can do by ourselves and
• 3:53
  we are trying to organize everything.
• 3:56
  For me, the biggest challenge is to work with international organizations,
• 4:01
  to work with our international partners and other countries.
• 4:05
  As, for example, in the world, everybody is still thinking that there are
• 4:10
  genetic conventions that are responsible for the rules, how people,
• 4:14
  how countries behave with the prisoners of war but they don't work anymore Russia
• 4:20
  has joined them, has signed them many years ago,
• 4:23
  but we see that they just don't care about it and we as,
• 4:27
  international as other countries we need to talk together what we are doing
• 4:31
  with this we just need to accept the fact that they don't work anymore international
• 4:36
  laws doesn't work anymore and we need to think what to do as.
• 4:42
  We still have no idea how many people are in Russian prisons.
• 4:45
  They don't give us the name.
• 4:46
  Again, it's written in GENEV protocol that other countries need to confirm how
• 4:52
  many people and who they have. They don't do it.
• 4:54
  We don't have access to check their situation, what conditions they have in
• 5:00
  prisons. We don't have this.
• 5:02
  And we need to work together with other countries, with the European Union,
• 5:06
  United States, and international authorities to change these old protocols and start them to work.
• 5:13
  Anna describes a very specific problem here. Russia does not disclose the names
• 5:17
  of prisoners and does not confirm how many people are actually being held in Russian prisons.
• 5:22
  That is a huge problem because around 100,000 Ukrainian service members are
• 5:27
  currently considered missing.
• 5:29
  And of course their families want to know what has happened to them,
• 5:32
  where they are, whether they are lying dead somewhere on the battlefield,
• 5:36
  or whether they are being held in Russian prisoner of war camps.
• 5:39
  The Geneva Conventions and International Humanitarian Law establish minimum
• 5:44
  standards for the treatment of prisoners of war.
• 5:47
  These include registering prisoners of war and granting the International Committee
• 5:51
  of the Red Cross access to them.
• 5:53
  When these rules are not enforced, families face a double uncertainty.
• 5:57
  As I said, they do not know whether their loved ones are dead,
• 6:01
  whether they have been wounded, or whether they are being held in Russian captivity.
• 6:06
  Anna is trying to help at the national level. Sie arbeitet auf legislation,
• 6:10
  medical care und finanziell support für affected families.
• 6:14
  At the same time, sie encounters ein internationales Problem über which sie
• 6:17
  hat sehr wenig influence herself.
• 6:20
  Die Regeln exist, aber Russia disregards sie. Und das ist nicht limited zu Russland.
• 6:25
  Wir sehen es wieder und wieder in andere Krisen und Konflikt zones,
• 6:28
  wo international law ist being trampled unter foot.
• 6:32
  Whether es die Krieg in Afrika, die Krieg in Gaza, oder der aktuellen Krieg
• 6:36
  gegen Iran, über die USA, international law ist überall erodet.
• 6:42
  In her work, she also encounters people who have lost their sight in the war.
• 6:47
  One of them, a young man named Mikola, was, in a sense, the catalyst for her work.
• 6:53
  She told me that she met him relatively early in the Russian invasion.
• 6:56
  Shortly after he volunteered to serve, he was severely wounded.
• 7:00
  He lost both arms and his eyesight. Anna arranged for him to receive prostheses,
• 7:05
  but of course she cannot give him back his sight.
• 7:08
  What she can do is try to ensure that people like him do not disappear from
• 7:11
  the political field of vision. Then Anna talks about the role of women.
• 7:15
  It's a very big role. It's a very big role as men are doing their great job to protect our country.
• 7:23
  But actually now Ukraine is number one country in the world with the amount
• 7:28
  of women that also serve in army.
• 7:31
  We have more than 70,000 of women now in the army.
• 7:35
  Women are creating and supporting business and work here, our economy they are
• 7:41
  doing a lot of jobs that they didn't do before the war we just didn't need this.
• 7:48
  As men were working as plumbers or
• 7:51
  in agricultural jobs but now women have learned how to do it and to do it,
• 7:56
  they continue to grow up children no matter if they need work more and more
• 8:01
  now and me personally I believe that rebuild and reconstruct Ukraine in the
• 8:07
  future, after the war will be finished, it will be on women's shoulders.
• 8:11
  This, of course, is not a statement that women are inherently stronger than men.
• 8:16
  It is simply about the consequences of war. Many men are fighting,
• 8:20
  are wounded, have been killed, or are being held in captivity.
• 8:23
  And as a result, women have to take on responsibilities that were previously
• 8:27
  often shared among several people.
• 8:30
  Anna says that after the war, Ukraine will have to rebuild more than just houses, roads, and bridges.
• 8:35
  It will also have to rebuild families and businesses, support the return of
• 8:39
  veterans, and integrate people who have suffered severe injuries.
• 8:44
  Another particularly interesting question after the war will be what happens
• 8:47
  when all the people who have fled abroad, women, men, and children alike,
• 8:52
  return to Ukraine and encounter a society that has spent four years,
• 8:56
  or probably considerably longer, living through war.
• 9:00
  How will that society function then? And women will certainly play a major role in that as well.
• 9:05
  In der Vergangenheit habe ich wieder mit Psychologen und Psychiatristen gesprochen
• 9:10
  und mit ihnen über diese Frage gesprochen. Und ich glaube, dass dies eine sehr
• 9:14
  schwierige Aufgabe für die Gesellschaft als ein whole, aber insbesondere für
• 9:17
  die Frauen in der Ukraine.
• 9:19
  The next woman I spoke with works in a place where the consequences of injuries
• 9:22
  are visible every day, in military training.
• 9:26
  Olena Dembitska calls herself Lena. Her military call sign is Lisa. Lisa means Little Fox.
• 9:32
  She is a combat medic in the 3rd company of the 31st Mechanized Brigade and
• 9:37
  now trains new soldiers in tactical medicine.
• 9:40
  In the past, she told me, she went to the front lines herself.
• 9:44
  She treated wounded soldiers and evacuated people from dangerous situations.
• 9:48
  Today, her battalion commander has decided that she should pass on her combat
• 9:52
  experience to younger colleagues.
• 9:54
  We met her near a training centre where she told us about her past and why she
• 9:58
  decided to join the military in the first place.
• 10:01
  She said that it had always been a challenge for her. She also told us in our
• 10:04
  pre-interview that she had always been fascinated by medicine.
• 10:08
  At some point, she volunteered to join the military. She also met her husband,
• 10:12
  who himself serves in the 31st Brigade.
• 10:15
  As I said, she initially worked as a combat medic and had some very intense experiences.
• 10:20
  Now, because her battalion commander told her that she should no longer go to
• 10:24
  the front, she doesn't simply teach according to a fixed curriculum.
• 10:28
  Instead, she works with the March Protocol for Tactical Medicine,
• 10:31
  while also adapting it to the conditions she herself experienced on.
• 10:47
  The front. Ich Das,
• 10:56
  war's für heute.
• 11:02
  Bestimmte adjustments dass die
• 11:06
  Training so close wie möglich zu realen conditions auf der Frontline ist.
• 11:14
  This, of course, is not a statement that women are inherently stronger than men.
• 11:18
  It is simply about the consequences of war. Many men are fighting,
• 11:22
  are wounded, have been killed, or are being held in captivity.
• 11:26
  And as a result, women have to take on responsibilities that were previously
• 11:30
  often shared among several people.
• 11:32
  Anna says that after the war, Ukraine will have to rebuild more than just houses, roads, and bridges.
• 11:38
  It will also have to rebuild families and businesses, support the return of
• 11:42
  veterans, and integrate people who have suffered severe injuries.
• 11:46
  Another particularly interesting question after the war will be what happens
• 11:50
  when all the people who have fled abroad, women, men, and children alike,
• 11:55
  return to Ukraine and encounter a society that has spent four years,
• 11:59
  or probably considerably longer, living through war.
• 12:02
  How will that society function then? And women will certainly play a major role in that as well.
• 12:08
  In der Vergangenheit habe ich wieder mit Psychologen und Psychiatristen gesprochen
• 12:13
  und mit ihnen darüber gesprochen, und ich glaube, dass es eine sehr schwierige
• 12:17
  Aufgabe für die Gesellschaft als ein whole wird, aber insbesondere für Frauen in der Ukraine.
• 12:22
  The next woman I spoke with works in a place where the consequences of injuries
• 12:25
  are visible every day, in military training.
• 12:28
  Olena Dembitska calls herself Lena. Her military call sign is Lisa. Lisa means Little Fox.
• 12:35
  She is a combat medic in the 3rd company of the 31st Mechanized Brigade and
• 12:40
  now trains new soldiers in tactical medicine.
• 12:43
  In the past, she told me, she went to the front lines herself.
• 12:46
  She treated wounded soldiers and evacuated people from dangerous situations.
• 12:51
  Today, her battalion commander has decided that she should pass on her combat
• 12:55
  experience to younger colleagues.
• 12:57
  We met her near a training centre, where she told us about her past and why
• 13:01
  she decided to join the military in the first place.
• 13:04
  She said that it had always been a challenge for her. She also told us in our
• 13:07
  pre-interview that she had always been fascinated by medicine.
• 13:11
  At some point, she volunteered to join the military. She also met her husband,
• 13:15
  who himself serves in the 31st Brigade.
• 13:18
  As I said, she initially worked as a combat medic and had some very intense experiences.
• 13:23
  Now, because her battalion commander told her that she should no longer go to
• 13:26
  the front, she doesn't simply teach according to a fixed curriculum.
• 13:30
  Instead, she works with the March Protocol for Tactical Medicine while also
• 13:35
  adapting it to the conditions she herself experienced on the front.
• 13:45
  The role of a man and a woman? Well, basically, we should have absolutely equal
• 13:50
  rights. There is no difference between a boy and a girl.
• 13:53
  Being a woman does not mean you do not go to the positions. If your job requires
• 13:57
  you to go, Also, wer noch kommt?
• 14:16
  Lina emphasizes that the conditions are constantly changing.
• 14:20
  New drones, new weapons, different ways of evacuating.
• 14:23
  What worked yesterday may already not be enough today.
• 14:26
  We've also talked a lot about this on the podcast, about how much has changed
• 14:30
  on the front, particularly because of drone warfare.
• 14:33
  We can also link to relevant episodes in the show notes. So her job isn't just
• 14:38
  about medical training.
• 14:39
  She also tries to mentally prepare the soldiers for what they're going to face.
• 14:43
  Some are scared, others try to suppress the danger, and some openly say that
• 14:47
  they don't want to fight.
• 14:49
  That's exactly what frustrates Lina, especially when mobilized men come to her
• 14:53
  training and say, this is not my war.
• 14:56
  Despite her disappointment, she continues working with them because she knows
• 15:00
  that in a real-life situation, a soldier like that isn't only putting himself at risk.
• 15:05
  If he doesn't help, it could potentially be fatal for a wounded soldier.
• 15:09
  Lina also says that fundamentally women and men should have the same rights
• 15:12
  and responsibilities in war.
• 15:23
  Well, of course, war changes everyone. It changes every person.
• 15:27
  As for me, I would say that I am probably still the same person I always was.
• 15:31
  But perhaps I have become more open and more confident.
• 15:34
  I feel braver and stronger. I feel much better about myself.
• 15:38
  In a way, your character reveals itself more.
• 15:41
  In civilian life, you are quieter and calmer. Und hier, du kannst dich immer
• 15:45
  wieder sein, aber auch noch nicht weiter, und nicht mehr zeigen, deine Weakness.
• 15:49
  Wenn es hart ist, wenn du keine Kraft hast, wenn du denkst, ich kann nicht,
• 15:56
  ich kann nicht, ich will, du kannst dich nicht mehr zeigen.
• 15:59
  Du kannst dich zusammen, dich in und aus, und dich in und aus,
• 16:03
  dich zu tun. Wenn es zu tun ist, dann muss es zu tun. Wenn es zu tun ist, dann muss es zu tun.
• 16:09
  Lena put it pretty matter-of-factly, without making a big deal out of it.
• 16:13
  For her, the question isn't whether a woman belongs at the front.
• 16:17
  The question is what role she has and whether she can do that job.
• 16:20
  But her own work has changed as well, and you could tell that she wasn't entirely
• 16:24
  comfortable talking about it.
• 16:26
  She was deployed continuously for a long time, treated more than 300 wounded
• 16:30
  soldiers, and was herself injured by a piece of shrapnel that hit her knee.
• 16:35
  Since then, she says, Das ist eine der Grund, warum sie die Battalion Commander
• 16:39
  gesagt hat, dass sie sie nur auf Training für heute focussen hat.
• 16:43
  Seit dann, sie manchmal kriegt Panik-Attacks. Oder zumindest ihre Hands starten shaking.
• 16:48
  Und, well, sie sagt, dass, weil sie das clearly post-traumatisch stress ist,
• 16:54
  sie kann nicht mehr arbeiten.
• 16:56
  Eine der deployments sie uns über war, war die erste sie in der ersten Parten.
• 17:00
  Her Platoon Commander war wirklich in den Legen von Schrapnel.
• 17:04
  Sie dann worked ihr Weg all den Weg zu den Fronten unter mortar fire,
• 17:07
  hat ihn ihn und hat ihn zurück zu seinem Leben.
• 17:10
  Ever seitdem, er hat ihn seine kleine Sistin. Und ein paar Monate später,
• 17:15
  sie hat sich schon ein Jahr und ein halb in heavy combat, sie hat sich in eine Situation in Pokrovsk.
• 17:22
  Und es war so intensiv, mit so vielen Drones in den air und so viele Explosionen
• 17:27
  going off around sie, dass sie sicherlich kam weg von es mit einer psychologischen Trauma.
• 17:31
  Und wie ich gesagt habe, das ist, dass sie nicht mehr arbeiten.
• 17:34
  Aber diese Erfahrungen sind auch die Grunde, dass sie nicht ihre Freunde aus
• 17:37
  der Zeit trainieren, direkt aus einem Textbuch.
• 17:41
  Sie weiß, wie schnell eine medicale Situation kann verändern,
• 17:43
  wenn man unter Feuer ist.
• 17:45
  Und gleichzeitig sagt sie, und ich finde das wirklich interessant,
• 17:49
  dass die Krieg hat sie mehr offen und mehr self-confident.
• 17:53
  Ich versuche, mit volunteers zu contactieren, und manchmal begrennt sie für Hilfe.
• 17:59
  Sie helfen little by little. Aber natürlich, ich würde lieber für unser Staat
• 18:03
  zu helfen, was wir brauchen, als wir für ihn fragen, was wir brauchen.
• 18:09
  Natürlich ist das nicht um Romantizieren der Krieg in einer Weise.
• 18:12
  Lina sagt nicht, dass die Angst hat weggegangen.
• 18:15
  Sie sagt, sie hat gelernt, zu agen der Angst. Heute, ihre Arbeit consists von
• 18:19
  Training, Sourcing Equipment und Organisieren.
• 18:23
  Nach den Training Courses, sie reinträgt von einem Militär-Base nach dem anderen.
• 18:28
  Sie setzt mit Medikamenten Backpacks und versucht, zu bekommen weitere Medikamenten
• 18:31
  Supply. Aber sie auch auf die Volunteer zu tun.
• 18:43
  Ich studiere und mache Forschung auf orthopedic footwear und fühle mich besonders
• 18:47
  mit denjenigen, die ihre Gesundheit verbringten, um die Ukraine zu verbringern.
• 18:50
  Das ist deshalb, dass ich die Menschen, die es braucht, durch die Entwicklung
• 18:53
  und die Produktion von orthopedic footwear verbringern.
• 19:03
  So, Lina works at the intersection between the front lines and the home front.
• 19:08
  She trains soldiers for deployment, but at the same time she also has to make
• 19:12
  sure that those soldiers have enough medical supplies to take with them in the first place.
• 19:16
  And there's a similar connection between expertise and practical help in Kiev with Lilia Chertenko.
• 19:23
  Lilia is an associate professor in the Department of Fashion Technology at the
• 19:28
  National University of Technologies and Design.
• 19:31
  She researches orthopaedic footwear. Since the beginning of the war,
• 19:35
  she has been developing and making shoes for people who have lost parts of their
• 19:38
  feet as a result of their injuries.
• 19:41
  That, of course, happens again and again in this war. Soldiers are wounded at
• 19:45
  the front and lose limbs.
• 19:47
  We've talked about that several times on this podcast as well,
• 19:51
  and we'll put some relevant episodes in the show notes for you.
• 19:54
  Lilia, however, doesn't work with people who need prosthetics.
• 19:58
  For example, people who have had an entire foot, leg or arm amputated.
• 20:03
  She focuses on people who have lost only parts of their feet and she makes custom
• 20:08
  orthopedic shoes for them.
• 20:10
  In her workshop, there's a 3D scanner and a pressure-sensitive plate that patients walk across.
• 20:16
  This allows Lilia to see exactly how the injury affects the way they walk.
• 20:20
  She then uses that information to create individually tailored shoes.
• 20:24
  Für einen Soldaten mit einem Partial Amputation, für example,
• 20:26
  her shoes waren die erste Pair in which er nicht immer fühlt wie er war.
• 20:31
  So für Lilia, das ist nicht eine Abstrache Forschung. Das ist nicht so,
• 20:34
  dass sie anstrengungen, Menschen arbeiten können.
• 20:42
  In reality, eine Person alleine kann nicht mehr erreichen. Neither eine Frau, nor ein Mann.
• 20:47
  Aber zusammen, wir sind strong. Durch Mutual Support und Kommunikation,
• 20:52
  different projects emerge, different forms of assistance take shape and various
• 20:56
  forms of cooperation develop.
• 20:58
  It is through this collaboration that we are able to make our contribution to our future victory.
• 21:05
  Das ist sehr interessant, was in diesem Feld zu sehen, was in diesem Feld ist möglich.
• 21:16
  Aber es ist auch ein großes Geld, die investiert, und viel Forschung geht.
• 21:19
  Das ist nicht wirklich das Fall in dem Feld, das Lillia arbeitet.
• 21:23
  Und trotzdem, diese Orthopädie-Klücke sind natürlich unglaublich wichtig.
• 21:27
  A lot of wounded soldiers einfach nicht brauchen eine prosthetische.
• 21:31
  They've only lost part of their foot, but they can't walk in regular military
• 21:34
  boots, and the strain can cause further damage to their health.
• 21:38
  Other soldiers, meanwhile, remain at the front in their boots for days at a time.
• 21:43
  We've talked about this several times as well, how increasingly difficult it
• 21:47
  has become for soldiers to leave their positions because of all the drones in the air.
• 21:51
  Some soldiers end up spending 200 days in the same position,
• 21:55
  and you can probably imagine that taking off their boots can be quite a challenge
• 21:59
  in those circumstances.
• 22:01
  And when you're wearing a regular boot, the foot itself can obviously also be
• 22:05
  severely affected by the strain.
• 22:07
  That's why Lillia is also researching footwear that can be worn under extreme conditions.
• 22:12
  Her work, however, has so far received only limited support from the Ukrainian government.
• 22:17
  She relies on private donations, international support, and experts who provide materials or training.
• 22:24
  That's why Lillia says that no project is ever created by one person alone.
• 22:29
  Das, auf jeden Fall, auf alle Ukrainer. Wahrscheinlich, dass es alles anders
• 22:34
  ist. Weil, Frau, zuerst, ist alles, dass... War, unfortunately,
• 22:38
  affects all Ukrainians.
• 22:40
  Es wahrscheinlich affects Männern und Frauen anders. A Frau ist,
• 22:43
  erst und foremost, eine Mutter.
• 22:45
  Und als Mutter, ich kann sagen, dass meine Haupttasschung ist, meine Kinder.
• 22:49
  Aber, besides das, ich bin ein Arbeitsländer, so ich versuche,
• 22:52
  die ich in meinem Arbeitsplatz zu helfen. Und in der Zeit, dass ich frei von
• 22:55
  Arbeit und meine Kinder schaffe, ich auch versuche, in eine Weise zu helfen.
• 22:58
  Well, actually, if we talk about how the war affects, then yes, in different ways.
• 23:03
  I think in different ways. Ich kann auch etwas helfen.
• 23:08
  Ich denke, wenn man sich über die Situation geht, dann ist es so anders.
• 23:13
  Ich denke, es ist so anders.
• 23:15
  Lilia isn't just describing her own work here. She's describing a network of
• 23:19
  people who step in where state structures aren't enough.
• 23:22
  At the same time, she's a mother. Her daughter is now nine years old.
• 23:26
  And because of the drone attacks, the two of them repeatedly sleep in the hallway
• 23:30
  of their apartment in Kiev.
• 23:32
  The hallway wouldn't protect them from a direct hit, but it can help prevent
• 23:35
  shards of glass from being thrown into the room by the blast wave. Lilia says.
• 23:50
  In fact, the war had such an impact that we accelerated a lot from the beginning
• 23:53
  of 2022 because there was a very high level of customer loyalty to what was created in Ukraine.
• 23:58
  We worked very hard, there was very rapid growth. But in 2023,
• 24:02
  under the influence of the war, we made a decision that we would not develop
• 24:05
  our own production, but would outsource the production of cosmetics.
• 24:09
  This decision was directly influenced by the war. Wir haben die Verarbeitung
• 24:11
  des Kosmetikes auf den Betriebskern, auf den Aus-Sorten.
• 24:16
  Und auf diese Entscheidung, in realem Weise, die Krieg verletzte.
• 24:20
  That concern exists alongside her work, it doesn't replace it.
• 24:24
  Lilia helps wounded soldiers while at the same time trying to get her daughter
• 24:28
  through a daily life in which drone attacks have become part of family life.
• 24:33
  You may have noticed in the past few days that Kiev has been coming under heavy
• 24:36
  attack, particularly over the last few weeks.
• 24:40
  We were there most recently in June when we met Lilia and since then the situation
• 24:45
  in Kiev has become even more difficult.
• 24:47
  There are now very frequent attacks involving ballistic missiles,
• 24:51
  heavy projectiles with warheads weighing several hundred kilograms,
• 24:55
  that Ukraine's air defences, which have been severely stretched because there
• 24:58
  aren't enough Patriot missiles, are unable to intercept.
• 25:02
  And that, of course, means that
• 25:03
  people in Kiev are facing some incredibly difficult nights at the moment.
• 25:07
  Alina Maximenko also knows what it means to balance professional responsibility
• 25:11
  with concern for her family.
• 25:13
  Alina ist 38 Jahre alt und in der Solomiansky-District von Kyiv.
• 25:18
  Mit einem Unternehmen, sie brennt die Kosmetik-Brand M2O.
• 25:22
  Die Firma produziert die Skincare, Haircare und Bodycare Produkte.
• 25:26
  Erstens, die Krieg eigentlich acceleriert die Firma.
• 25:29
  Viele Kunden wollten die Produkte in Ukraine unterstützen, so die Firma sehr schnell verbreitet.
• 25:35
  Aber in 2023.
• 25:38
  Alina macht eine Entscheidung die direkt zu der Krieg. Die Firma hat sich nicht
• 25:43
  weiterentwickelt, sondern sie ausgesucht die Produkte zu den Produkten.
• 25:48
  Sie hat diese Entscheidung gemacht, weil sie sie Angst haben,
• 25:50
  dass ihre eigenen Warehouses werden könnten, und dass alles in den Städten dort werden könnten.
• 25:54
  Es ist ein Beispiel, wie die Krieg verändern, die politische Entscheidungen,
• 25:59
  verändern. Verwalt ist möglich, aber Investitionen in ihre eigenen Produkte hat sich viel riskier.
• 26:05
  Ich war sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr,
• 26:12
  sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr,
• 26:15
  sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr,
• 26:20
  sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr,
• 26:25
  sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr,
• 26:28
  sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr,
• 26:29
  sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr,
• 26:31
  sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr,
• 26:32
  sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr,
• 26:33
  sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr,
• 26:34
  sehr, sehr when there is despair, there are days when you need to recover,
• 26:38
  gain strength to move on.
• 26:39
  But in general, we are fighting and believe in a better future.
• 26:42
  We believe that we will be able to overcome all obstacles and live in a peaceful country.
• 26:47
  But in general, we fight and believe in the best future and believe in that
• 26:54
  we will succeed to overcome all the dangers and live in a peaceful country.
• 27:01
  Alina isn't only talking about economic decisions, though. At the beginning
• 27:05
  of the full-scale invasion, she left Kyiv with her family and spent a month in Venezia,
• 27:11
  a city in central western Ukraine that has not been anywhere near as heavily affected by the war.
• 27:17
  There are attacks there from time to time as well, but nowhere near as many
• 27:21
  as in Kyiv or cities like Odessa, Dnipro, Kharkiv and others.
• 27:26
  As soon as it was possible, she returned to Kyiv. Today, she lives with the attacks on the capital.
• 27:32
  She talks about days of despair and about how sometimes people need to take
• 27:36
  a moment to gather their strength before they can keep going.
• 27:39
  I feel that women are now very responsible.
• 27:47
  For how we all live in the rear. I feel that women are now very responsible
• 27:56
  for how we all live in the RIA.
• 27:58
  There are a lot of female soldiers and they protect us as well.
• 28:01
  But the way everything is developing here now, businesses, how we take care of our children,
• 28:06
  how we nurture our family, how we invest emotionally to stabilize the situation
• 28:10
  in the RIA, this falls very heavily on the shoulders of women.
• 28:13
  It is both difficult and, at the same time, motivating, because each of us has
• 28:17
  our own mission to do everything possible to continue to maintain a good atmosphere
• 28:21
  in the country, which will nevertheless continue to exist. Es ist alles möglich, um dann,
• 28:28
  eine gute Atmosphäre in der Lande, die, die weitergeht, weiter zu existieren
• 28:39
  und weiter nach dieser Krieg.
• 28:41
  Alina doesn't experience the war only as a business owner.
• 28:45
  Recently a drone hit her apartment building, just two floors above her apartment.
• 28:50
  She threw herself over her 12-year-old son to protect him, and of course that's
• 28:54
  a difficult experience for a child.
• 28:56
  She says he's actually coping with it quite well, but you could also tell that
• 29:00
  she's naturally very worried about him.
• 29:02
  At the same time she's trying to keep her business going.
• 29:05
  She says that women today carry a particularly large share of the responsibility on the home front.
• 29:15
  Wir sind in der Stadt Muzikivka, in der Amalthea Goat Farm. Mein Name ist Tetiana
• 29:20
  Stramnova, und ich bin der Chef- und Founder von diesem Farm.
• 29:23
  Wir spezialisieren in goat breeding und cheese production. In den letzten Jahren,
• 29:26
  wir organisieren tastings, tourism activities und inclusion programmes,
• 29:30
  aber in dem Moment sind wir nur auf goat breeding.
• 29:37
  Und sie versuchen, und zu erhalten, eine Art von normativen,
• 29:41
  to create a nice atmosphere and keep things moving forward, even under these circumstances.
• 29:46
  Alina doesn't talk about the home front as a peaceful counterpart to the front lines.
• 29:51
  Kiev is under attack. Businesses have to adapt to power outages,
• 29:56
  air raid alerts and changing supply chains.
• 29:59
  Families have to deal with fear.
• 30:01
  In southern Ukraine, the economic pressure is even more immediate.
• 30:05
  In the village of Muzikivka, near Kherson, Tetiana Stramnova runs the Amalthea Goat Farm.
• 30:11
  Sie used to breed goats there, make cheese, offer tastings and welcome visitors.
• 30:15
  We've talked about Kherson several times on this podcast as well.
• 30:19
  It's a city in southern Ukraine that is constantly being attacked by Russian forces.
• 30:24
  They're basically just across the river from Kherson, which separates the city
• 30:28
  from the wider southern part of the country.
• 30:30
  And the city is under constant attack by drones, artillery, all kinds of weapons.
• 30:36
  Sadly, people are being killed there all the time, and this village was very close to the fighting.
• 30:42
  When we were there, we could repeatedly hear the sound of artillery in the distance,
• 30:46
  and Tatiana is now facing the problem that many of the things she used to do
• 30:50
  are simply no longer possible.
• 30:52
  There isn't enough electricity to produce cheese. She can barely afford to buy feed for the goats.
• 30:57
  Customers and tourists, of course, have stopped coming, and Tatiana's husband
• 31:02
  has been mobilized, which means he was recently called up for military service.
• 31:06
  So she is now solely responsible for the farm, the animals, and her two children,
• 31:12
  both of whom have disabilities. We are in the village of Muzikipka at the Amalthea Goat Farm.
• 31:16
  My name is Tetiana Stramnova, and I am the owner and founder of this farm.
• 31:20
  We specialize in goat breeding and cheese production. In the past,
• 31:22
  we also organized tastings, tourism activities, and inclusion programs,
• 31:26
  but at the moment we are focused solely on goat breeding.
• 31:28
  The goats and the cheese were part of a business model that combined farming
• 31:31
  with bringing people together.
• 31:33
  They even offered goat yoga classes. Sie könnten eine Yoga-Klasse mit diesen
• 31:38
  kleinen, sehr süß, Kamerun Dwarf-Göten, die apparently sehr gentil und freundlich
• 31:43
  machen, und mit Yoga mit ihnen.
• 31:45
  Es war wirklich etwas, sie hat so viel Entfusiasmus mit so viel Entfusiasmus
• 31:48
  und wirklich ließ, was sie da gemacht hat.
• 31:51
  Die Krieg ist nicht zuerst in dieser Geschäftsmodelle in eine single attack.
• 31:54
  Es ist zuerst, indem es zuerst möglich, Schritt nach dem Schritt,
• 31:58
  durch die Arbeit, die Kunden, die Kosten, die Kosten, und die Mobilität von der Frau.
• 32:06
  Wir sehen uns in einem quieten und peacefulen Ort, aber gegen die Hintergrund
• 32:09
  der all diese Aggressionen, es sind nicht sehr schön hier.
• 32:12
  Wir haben auch sehr sehr Probleme, mit finanzieren, mit Feed.
• 32:16
  Und wir sind nicht auf der Zeit, weil wir nicht genug haben, in der Power Grid.
• 32:21
  Also, weil mein Mann war mobilisiert, es gibt keine Verkaufnahme,
• 32:25
  also dass es niemanden zu nehmen.
• 32:27
  Wir haben zwei Kinder mit disabilities, ich kann sie nicht bei ihnen bleiben.
• 32:33
  Das ist, wo die Krieg und Familie leben direkt. Tetjana kann nicht einfach arbeiten
• 32:38
  lange Stunden, verhüben sie Produkte weiterfüllen, oder lassen sie ihre Kinder selbst.
• 32:43
  Sie ist der Mann, die Mobilität nicht nur die Familie verändern,
• 32:47
  sondern auch die Farm zu verändern.
• 32:49
  In einer von ihren Interviews sagt, dass sie jetzt muss die Dinge,
• 32:53
  die Menschen hatten. Sie ist nicht nur eine Farmer, sie ist eine Mutter,
• 32:57
  eine Geschäftsführer und eine Begeber für ihre Kinder.
• 33:01
  Tatjana's story shows how war reaches into a farm and into a family.
• 33:06
  For Natalia Dikul, on the other hand, it changes the context in which she does her job.
• 33:11
  The oceanographer now works not only on climate research, but also on the dangers
• 33:16
  that the war has left behind in the Black Sea.
• 33:20
  Natalia Dikul is an oceanographer at the Antarctic Center of Ukraine.
• 33:24
  She normally conducts research aboard the research vessel NOSFERA,
• 33:29
  studying ocean currents und Klimawandel in der Süden Osten.
• 33:33
  Sie hat sich in der Antarktik twice beendet. Heute, sie arbeitet auch als UNDP-Advisor
• 33:37
  auf Unterwärter Mine Clearance.
• 33:39
  Die Black Sea ist verletzend mit
• 33:41
  mines, unexploded ordnance und anderen gefährlichen Remenanten der Krieg.
• 33:47
  Ich bin Natalia Dikul und ich arbeite als Oceanographer für den Antarktischen Zentrum der Ukraine.
• 33:52
  Ja, und ich bin auch Individual Consultant für UNDP für Underwaterde-Mining.
• 33:58
  Natalia works in zwei sehr unterschiedliche Plätze. In Antarktika,
• 34:02
  sie studiert die Ölgebericht und die Effekte der Klimawandel.
• 34:05
  In der Black Sea, sie ist mit sehr konkreten Dangerschränkungen zu Menschen,
• 34:09
  Schiff und die Arbeit in der field.
• 34:12
  Das war eigentlich eine sehr interessante Gespräche mit ihr.
• 34:15
  I also asked her about her work in Antarctica, where Ukraine not only has a
• 34:19
  research vessel, but also its own research station.
• 34:23
  I asked her what kind of discoveries she had made there.
• 34:26
  She had worked particularly on glaciers. And she said that when it comes to
• 34:30
  the climate, we've now reached a tipping point.
• 34:33
  And that essentially we need global action.
• 34:35
  And I said, well, we were sitting there on the shore of the Black Sea in Odessa,
• 34:39
  and there was another air raid alert going off.
• 34:42
  And I asked her, well, isn't this also a global challenge? Don't we have to
• 34:45
  tackle that together globally?
• 34:47
  And isn't it kind of bizarre that, as human beings, instead of doing that,
• 34:51
  we're fighting each other, not just in Ukraine, but in so many other parts of the world?
• 34:56
  She just shrugged and said, well, maybe it's because we're stupid.
• 34:59
  The work of the mine clearance teams is particularly difficult because visibility
• 35:03
  underwater in the Black Sea is often extremely poor.
• 35:06
  So Natalia advises them on currents and different layers of water.
• 35:15
  So they are just still growing in amount and also different types of the underwater, Yuxo and landmines.
• 35:24
  Just gave me more work, to be honest, and also providing much more responsibility for the work.
• 35:33
  Die Krieg hat nicht geplantiert, sie hat es in eine andere Kontext geplant.
• 35:38
  Die Wissen Natalia braucht für marine Forschung ist nun auch zu verändern,
• 35:42
  um die Gefahr leften von der Krieg.
• 35:44
  Sie sagt, die Black Sea ist voll von Gefahr, die man nicht von der Erde sehen
• 35:49
  kann. So die Gefahr nicht endet, wenn die Schelling stopt.
• 35:51
  Mines und ordnanzöscht werden, auch wenn es auf der Erde ist, wenn es auf der Erde ist.
• 35:56
  Natalia also hat die Rolle von Frauen in der Krieg. It affects,
• 36:02
  because we are also fighting on the war and we are supporting the peaceful life.
• 36:08
  So there's two work in one.
• 36:11
  These six women don't share one single story. They're not all fighting at the
• 36:15
  front, and they're not doing the same jobs.
• 36:17
  And of course, their stories don't represent all women in Ukraine.
• 36:21
  Anna works with the families of missing people and prisoners of war.
• 36:25
  Lena trains soldiers. Lilia helps wounded people.
• 36:29
  Alina keeps a business running.
• 36:31
  Tetiana is fighting to keep her farm and her children safe. Natalia is using
• 36:35
  scientific knowledge to tackle the dangers left behind by the war.
• 36:39
  What they have in common is not that they're unafraid. What they have in common
• 36:43
  is that the war has increased their responsibilities and that they keep taking
• 36:47
  action even when those responsibilities leave them exhausted.
• 36:51
  Anna Portowa says that Reconstruction will rest on the shoulders of women.
• 36:55
  Maybe that's less a prediction than a description of the present,
• 36:58
  because that Reconstruction has already begun, in parliaments,
• 37:01
  workshops, businesses, barns and laboratories.
• 37:04
  The open question is whether women will be pushed out of these new areas of
• 37:08
  responsibility once the war
• 37:09
  is over, or whether Ukrainian society will be permanently changed by them.
• 37:14
  That's it for today's episode of our podcast, Krizen Modus.
• 37:18
  This podcast was produced by Alexander Baumeister who is also a journalist and
• 37:22
  works for a radio station owned by the Funkamedia Group If you enjoyed this
• 37:26
  podcast, please like and follow us It definitely helps make our work more visible,
• 37:32
  And feel free to get in touch if you have an idea for one of our episodes You
• 37:36
  can reach us at chrisinmodus at funkamedian.de,
• 37:39
  And maybe take a moment to think about the question of what roles people take
• 37:43
  on when a war changes the roles they once had Was bleibt von diesen Veränderungen, wenn die Krieg endet?
• 37:49
  Geht euch auf, bis zum nächsten Mal. Bis zum nächsten Mal.