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Mayhem in the Morgue : He’s Alive! · Crime Stories with Nancy Grace

• 0:00
  Speaker 1: Today's episode includes information about the death of individuals. If
• 0:04
  Speaker 1: this sort of thing upsets you, this is not the
• 0:06
  Speaker 1: episode for you. May suggest you watch a movie, maybe
• 0:10
  Speaker 1: something like Frankenstein, Welcome to Mayhem, the More with your host,
• 0:17
  Speaker 1: Doctor Kendo Crowns today's episode, He's Alive. There has been
• 0:29
  Speaker 1: a case that has been recently all over the Internet,
• 0:32
  Speaker 1: social media, and of course multiple news outlets. It's the
• 0:36
  Speaker 1: case of Vincent Lorenzo Biordalino. He is an eighteen month
• 0:41
  Speaker 1: old toddler that was found alive in a hospital morgue.
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  Speaker 1: On today's episode, I'm going to go into his case,
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  Speaker 1: discuss the known facts at this time, and also discuss
• 0:52
  Speaker 1: other cases in which someone woke up dead in the morgue,
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  Speaker 1: as well as my own experience with this phenomenon, which
• 0:59
  Speaker 1: is known as as the Lazarus effect. So let's get started.
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  Speaker 1: On February eighth of twenty twenty six Super Bowl Sunday,
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  Speaker 1: the Patriots were playing the Seahawks and a group of
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  Speaker 1: people were having a Super Bowl party at their house
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  Speaker 1: in Arizona, as well as thousands of other people across
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  Speaker 1: the United States. Sometime during the game, the host of
• 1:21
  Speaker 1: this party's son eighteen month old Vincent slip by everyone
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  Speaker 1: and ended up in the backyard swimming pool. The pool's
• 1:30
  Speaker 1: temperature was under sixty degrees and he was believed to
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  Speaker 1: be underwater for approximately five minutes before he was discovered.
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  Speaker 1: So let's stop right there. This is not an uncommon occurrence.
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  Speaker 1: At parties where there is a pool and a lot
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  Speaker 1: of people, the people are talking, loud music is playing,
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  Speaker 1: people are focusing on an event like the super Bowl.
• 1:51
  Speaker 1: There is often alcohol and occasionally drugs, especially marijuana involved.
• 1:56
  Speaker 1: People are distracted and inebriated, and if there are children
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  Speaker 1: about out, they may not be being watched. For children
• 2:03
  Speaker 1: ages one to four, drowning is a leading cause of death.
• 2:08
  Speaker 1: Statistics from the Center for Disease Control show most drownings
• 2:12
  Speaker 1: in this age group occur in swimming pools, often because
• 2:15
  Speaker 1: they are unsupervised and eighty percent are male. Another factor
• 2:19
  Speaker 1: is pools with missing or ineffective fences. It has been
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  Speaker 1: shown that a child's risk of drowning decreases by eighty
• 2:26
  Speaker 1: three percent when there is proper fencing. I see this
• 2:30
  Speaker 1: every year, especially during summer. The situations change, but the
• 2:35
  Speaker 1: outcome is always the same. No one's paying attention to
• 2:38
  Speaker 1: a child or children and there's a pool and they
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  Speaker 1: end up drowning, and that's of course what occurred in
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  Speaker 1: this case. He drowned. He was again under water for
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  Speaker 1: approximately five minutes. Drowning is a form of asphyxia and
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  Speaker 1: is defined as the process of experiencing respiratory impairment from
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  Speaker 1: summersion or immersion in a liquid. There can be three
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  Speaker 1: outcomes associated with drowning. Of course, the main one is death.
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  Speaker 1: You can have non fatal cases that have associated impairment
• 3:09
  Speaker 1: or injury. Then there can be non fatal drownings with
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  Speaker 1: no consequences at all. I of course see the fatalities
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  Speaker 1: of the morgue, and I see the non fatal with
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  Speaker 1: associated impairment or injuries, because some of these patients eventually die,
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  Speaker 1: especially if they ended up with severe brain injury and
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  Speaker 1: being ventilate or dependent. When a person drowns, there are
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  Speaker 1: reportedly five stages, depending on the source, associated with the process.
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  Speaker 1: These stages are Stage one, which is the struggle to
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  Speaker 1: keep the airway clear of water. When people are forcibly submerge,
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  Speaker 1: like in a sinking boat or a car that goes
• 3:47
  Speaker 1: off the road into a lake. This phase may be
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  Speaker 1: non existent. It can also be relatively short in individuals
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  Speaker 1: who can't swim, lasting twenty to sixty seconds at most.
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  Speaker 1: In situations where a person can swim, initially, the phase
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  Speaker 1: will not start until the fatigue sets in from trying
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  Speaker 1: to tread water in the person eventually slips underneath it,
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  Speaker 1: and that begins Stage two, which is initial submersion in
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  Speaker 1: breath holding. Once your head goes under water, you begin
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  Speaker 1: holding your breath, and how long you can do this
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  Speaker 1: depends on you. You may be very athletic and able to
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  Speaker 1: hold your breath for a long period of time, or
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  Speaker 1: you may be someone who smokes and has COPD and
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  Speaker 1: can't hold your breath long at all. But how long
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  Speaker 1: stage two lasts is dependent again upon how long you
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  Speaker 1: can hold your breath, and typically most people can last
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  Speaker 1: about forty five to ninety seconds, and in warm water
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  Speaker 1: this timeframe may be longer, and in cold water it
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  Speaker 1: is shorter. But once you can no longer hold your breath,
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  Speaker 1: Stage three begins when breath holding ends and the brain
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  Speaker 1: forces you to breathe because of the increasing hypoxia or
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  Speaker 1: lack of oxygen to your brain and your body. The
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  Speaker 1: brain needs to have oxygen and it needs to survive,
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  Speaker 1: so it forces you to take in air, even though
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  Speaker 1: you're not in an environment that has it. When this occurs,
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  Speaker 1: water enters into your mouth, you swallow and gulp it,
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  Speaker 1: and you also inhale it into your lungs. This also
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  Speaker 1: causes the individual to gag and vomit, throwing up the
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  Speaker 1: water that was just inhaled and swallowed, and then breathing
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  Speaker 1: it back in and swallowing it again. This process continues
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  Speaker 1: on until the individual loses consciousness, and that's when stage
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  Speaker 1: four begins. Once there is enough oxygen deprivation, the individual
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  Speaker 1: goes unconscious, but they're still alive. They're floating in the
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  Speaker 1: water with the brain still attempting to breathe but aspirating water,
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  Speaker 1: and that's what occurs for the next three to five
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  Speaker 1: minutes or so until the individual dies, which is stage five.
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  Speaker 1: After about three to five minutes, the innoxic brain injury
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  Speaker 1: becomes irreversible in breathing and circulations see, and the person
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  Speaker 1: is dead. How long it takes is usually about three
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  Speaker 1: to five minutes, but it can actually be extended in
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  Speaker 1: individuals falling into colder water and they can last a
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  Speaker 1: much longer time. Period. This is more likely than not
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  Speaker 1: what happened with Vincent. By the time he was found,
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  Speaker 1: he was unresponsive, face down in the pool. Nine to
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  Speaker 1: one one was called law enforcement and paramedics arrive, began
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  Speaker 1: resuscitation and transported him to a medical center, where resuscitation
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  Speaker 1: was continued to no avail, and he was declared dead
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  Speaker 1: by a doctor. It is heard on a police body
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  Speaker 1: cam recording the doctor's stating, no objections, I'd like to
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  Speaker 1: call time of death, and then he declares Vincent dead
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  Speaker 1: at six twenty pm. But before this declaration, the parents, officers,
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  Speaker 1: and nurses pointed out signs of life in the child
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  Speaker 1: to the doctor, and at six twenty six pm, six
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  Speaker 1: minutes after the declaration of death, the mother is heard
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  Speaker 1: saying he's breathing. Is that normal? And a nurse is
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  Speaker 1: heard stating, I have a pulse, and an officer noted
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  Speaker 1: the toddler was still possibly breathing because he could see
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  Speaker 1: the chest and stomach area rising and falling. The doctor
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  Speaker 1: told one officer he was the doctor, he has the
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  Speaker 1: medical degree. He went to medical school for a reason,
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  Speaker 1: and to let him do his thing. He or possibly
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  Speaker 1: a nurse, described the breathing being seen as agonal breathing.
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  Speaker 1: Agonal breathing is an automatic reflex from the brain stem. Normally,
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  Speaker 1: your brain tells your body to breathe automatically, but when
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  Speaker 1: a major medical event happens, like drowning, the lack of
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  Speaker 1: oxygen to the brain causes anoxic damage and is a
• 7:44
  Speaker 1: last ditch effort to survive. The brain stem triggers a
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  Speaker 1: desperate reflexive gasp. Unfortunately, because the heart isn't pumping blood,
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  Speaker 1: these gaps do not bring enough oxygen into the body.
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  Speaker 1: It often looks like gasping or gulping that looks like
• 8:02
  Speaker 1: a fish out of water that results in strange noises
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  Speaker 1: like snoring, snorting, or gurgling in slow, irregular movements where
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  Speaker 1: the person seems to struggle to catch their breath. It's
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  Speaker 1: the body's last attempt to survived and it can last
• 8:17
  Speaker 1: a few seconds to minutes, but it cannot sustain life
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  Speaker 1: and often perceives complete respiratorial rest and death. Vincent was
• 8:27
  Speaker 1: eventually taken to the hospital Morgue and placed in the cooler.
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  Speaker 1: He was made a medical examiner case, probably due to
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  Speaker 1: the circumstances surrounding his death and of course the drowning.
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  Speaker 1: The medical examiner transporter that takes the body from the
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  Speaker 1: hospital to the medical examiner's office showed up around eleven
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  Speaker 1: fifty two pm, five hours and thirty two minutes after
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  Speaker 1: the doctor had pronounced Vincent dead. They found him alive
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  Speaker 1: and breathing, and he had a pulse. The transporter from
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  Speaker 1: the medical examiner's office immediately alerted medical staff and Vincent
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  Speaker 1: was transferred out of the morgue and airlifted to a
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  Speaker 1: children's hospital in critical condition, where he spent several days
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  Speaker 1: in an ICU. Following intensive treatment, he was ultimately discharged
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  Speaker 1: to his family and initial MRI showed potential brain damage,
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  Speaker 1: but later testing confirmed he avoided any permanent brain damage,
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  Speaker 1: and at this time he continues to receive extensive therapy
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  Speaker 1: and breathes with the assistance of a ventilator and requires
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  Speaker 1: ongoing medical monitoring. The family is reportedly planning legal action
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  Speaker 1: against the attending physician and the initial medical center, and
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  Speaker 1: will see what happens with this case as it continues on.
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  Speaker 1: There is a term for what happened was Vincent in
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  Speaker 1: the medical literature, and this term is the Lazarus effect,
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  Speaker 1: also known as auto resuscitation, its name for an individual
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  Speaker 1: in the Bible named Lazarus of Bethany who's a close
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  Speaker 1: friend of Jesus Christ. He is famous for the miraculous
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  Speaker 1: event where Jesus resurrected him from the dead after he
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  Speaker 1: had been in a tomb for four days. It has
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  Speaker 1: been reported that from nineteen eighty two to twenty twenty two,
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  Speaker 1: there has been seventy six cases of the Lazarus effect worldwide.
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  Speaker 1: I was able to find a few of these on
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  Speaker 1: the Internet, so let's discuss a couple of them. The
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  Speaker 1: first occurred in Iowa in twenty twenty three, where a
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  Speaker 1: sixty six year old woman was in an Alzheimer's special
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  Speaker 1: care center since twenty twenty one and then transferred to
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  Speaker 1: a hospice care facility in December of twenty twenty two.
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  Speaker 1: Her health was diminishing and she was dying, and on
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  Speaker 1: January third, around six a m. She was pronounced dead
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  Speaker 1: when staff members noticed her mouth was open, her eyes
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  Speaker 1: were fixed, and there was no breath sounds. The staff
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  Speaker 1: member could no longer feel the woman's pulse and she
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  Speaker 1: was not breathing at that time. This staff member alerted
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  Speaker 1: a nurse practitioner who made the death declaration. The funeral
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  Speaker 1: home was then called, and when the funeral home director arrived,
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  Speaker 1: a licensed nurse practitioner placed the woman's body inside a
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  Speaker 1: body bag and zipped it shut. They both said quote
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  Speaker 1: there were no signs of life at that time. Two
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  Speaker 1: and a half hours later, at the funeral home, a
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  Speaker 1: worker unzipped the body bag and saw the woman's chest moving.
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  Speaker 1: She then gasped for air. The worker called nine one
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  Speaker 1: one and paramedics arrived, and when first responders arrived, they
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  Speaker 1: were able to record a pulse and breathing. The patient
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  Speaker 1: was then returned to the care facility, in which she
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  Speaker 1: initially was declared dead. She survived for another two days
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  Speaker 1: and then died with her family by her side. The
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  Speaker 1: next case occurred in August of twenty fe This one
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  Speaker 1: was a twenty year old woman in Detroit, Michigan, with
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  Speaker 1: cerebral palsy. She was mistakenly pronounced dead by paramedics after
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  Speaker 1: her family had called nine one one because she was
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  Speaker 1: in respiratory distress. She was in her own home, and
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  Speaker 1: despite her family trying to convince the paramedics that she
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  Speaker 1: was alived, they declared her dead, placed her in a
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  Speaker 1: body bag, and sent her to a funeral home. At
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  Speaker 1: the funeral home, another funeral homeworker unzipped the body bag
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  Speaker 1: and was preparing the deceitent for embalming when she gasped
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  Speaker 1: for air, opened her eyes, and her chest started moving.
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  Speaker 1: The worker called nine one one. Paramedics arrived and the
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  Speaker 1: patient was rushed to the hospital, but the damage had
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  Speaker 1: already been done. She had suffered severe brain injury from
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  Speaker 1: lack of oxygen and died two months later. So how
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  Speaker 1: does the Lazarus effect occur? To start, let's go into
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  Speaker 1: how a person is declared dead. By the time the
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  Speaker 1: deceased and gets to the medical examiner's office or funeral home,
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  Speaker 1: they have been evaluated by a medical professional, sometimes more
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  Speaker 1: than one, and declared dead. First, the person who determines
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  Speaker 1: it is a legally authorized professional, usually a physician, credentialed nurse,
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  Speaker 1: or a physician assistant. They assess the following things. The
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  Speaker 1: absence of pulse, usually by checking the pulse by palpation
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  Speaker 1: for a central pulse of the carotidiphemoral artery, or they
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  Speaker 1: listen with a stethoscope for heart sounds over the chest.
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  Speaker 1: Next is breathing. They watch the chest and use a
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  Speaker 1: stethoscope to listen for spontaneous breast sounds for one to
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  Speaker 1: two full minutes, and finally they check the eyes to
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  Speaker 1: ensure the pupils are fixed and dilated and show no
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  Speaker 1: response to a light reflex. They also assess responsiveness by
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  Speaker 1: observing any reaction to painful or verbal stimuli. Once these
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  Speaker 1: criteria are met, the is pronounced dead. Brain death is
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  Speaker 1: another form of death and determine it. It is a
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  Speaker 1: little different if a patient is on mechanical life support.
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  Speaker 1: Pronouncement is based on the irreversible cessation of all brain function.
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  Speaker 1: This requires a special neurological examination to confirm coma, absent
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  Speaker 1: brain stem reflexes and a positive apnea test, while ruling
• 14:26
  Speaker 1: out confounding factors like severe hypothermia or drug intoxication. Of course,
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  Speaker 1: these methods are used in the hospital under controlled circumstances.
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  Speaker 1: Sometimes the descendants are pronounced dead at the scene, and
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  Speaker 1: this can be done using the same criteria absence of
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  Speaker 1: pulse or breast sounds, unreactive pupils, or no response to stimuli. Also,
• 14:51
  Speaker 1: if the individuals obviously dead, as in their heads exploded
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  Speaker 1: or they are ripped to shreds with their body parts
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  Speaker 1: all over the street or train track. They can be
• 15:01
  Speaker 1: pronounced dead right there at the scene, and this can
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  Speaker 1: be done by of course physicians, corners or medical examiners,
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  Speaker 1: as well as paramedics and EMTs. With all these criterias
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  Speaker 1: and steps in place, things can still occur the results
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  Speaker 1: in the Lazarus effect. Usually what occurs is someone has
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  Speaker 1: been declared dead, meeting all the criteria that I just discussed,
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  Speaker 1: and then the patient suddenly shows signs of life, usually
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  Speaker 1: within ten minutes of CPR ending, and this makes it
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  Speaker 1: seem like they've come back to life, but the truth
• 15:35
  Speaker 1: is their heart in circulation has not actually ever permanently stopped.
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  Speaker 1: The Lazarus effect may show up as a return of
• 15:43
  Speaker 1: a palpable pulse or a heart rhythm on an EKG,
• 15:47
  Speaker 1: or even an approved color of the body. Occasionally, there
• 15:51
  Speaker 1: may appear to be limited purposeful movement. In most cases,
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  Speaker 1: the patient doesn't survive very long. This rare occurrence usually
• 15:59
  Speaker 1: has weapons after CPR has ended, but there have also
• 16:03
  Speaker 1: been reports of it occurring in people who didn't have
• 16:05
  Speaker 1: CPR performed on them at all. There are few theories
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  Speaker 1: aby the Lazarus effect occurs, and I'm going to discuss
• 16:16
  Speaker 1: two of the main ones. The first one is that
• 16:20
  Speaker 1: CPR may cause a lot of air to enter your lungs,
• 16:24
  Speaker 1: causing hyperinflation of the lungs, meaning they're largely expanded, pressing
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  Speaker 1: on the heart, making it impossible for the heart to
• 16:31
  Speaker 1: beat or to circulate blood. And once CPR is stopped,
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  Speaker 1: this hyper expansion of the lungs decreases and allows blood
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  Speaker 1: to flow back into the heart and it can cause
• 16:44
  Speaker 1: circulation throughout the body to resume, resulting in the person
• 16:48
  Speaker 1: coming back to life. Another theory involves the medications giving
• 16:52
  Speaker 1: during CPR, like epinephrine or atropine, things like that. Again,
• 16:58
  Speaker 1: when CPR has stopped, the lung decrease in expansion and
• 17:02
  Speaker 1: blood flow returns. Suddenly, these drugs that were administered intravenously
• 17:07
  Speaker 1: can flow to the heart, kickstarting the heart and making
• 17:10
  Speaker 1: it beat again. Hospitals actually have criteria to prevent the
• 17:14
  Speaker 1: Lazarus effect from occurring, and these are performing CPR for
• 17:18
  Speaker 1: at least twenty minutes during CPR, taking steps to avoid
• 17:23
  Speaker 1: hyperfinflation of the lungs, and then after CPR ceases, monitoring
• 17:28
  Speaker 1: the patient non stop for at least ten minutes before
• 17:33
  Speaker 1: declaring the patient dead. I have never experienced a case
• 17:37
  Speaker 1: or seen an individual in which the Lazarus effect has occurred.
• 17:42
  Speaker 1: One of my coworkers was so worried about this occurring
• 17:46
  Speaker 1: she actually had a stethoscope with her in the morgue,
• 17:50
  Speaker 1: and with every case, just to make sure they were dead,
• 17:54
  Speaker 1: she would listen to their chest for several minutes, checking
• 17:57
  Speaker 1: for a heartbeat or breathing. I ask the question, how
• 18:01
  Speaker 1: do you know their dad? At autopsy often, and it
• 18:04
  Speaker 1: usually occurs during career days. One time I gave a
• 18:08
  Speaker 1: very creative answer. I responded by saying, we start each
• 18:12
  Speaker 1: autopsy by pinching the nose, clothes and covering the mouth
• 18:16
  Speaker 1: and counting to two hundred. The audience was a group
• 18:19
  Speaker 1: of seventh graders, and when I said this, there was
• 18:22
  Speaker 1: an audible gasp. The teacher quickly said that doctor is
• 18:26
  Speaker 1: kidding kids, isn't that right? Doctor crowns, to which I said, yes,
• 18:31
  Speaker 1: that is correct. I'm only kidding. I'm sure a few
• 18:35
  Speaker 1: of these kids are still wondering if I was, And
• 18:38
  Speaker 1: of course I was only kidding supposedly. Actually, at autopsy,
• 18:44
  Speaker 1: I don't necessarily check for signs of life when I
• 18:47
  Speaker 1: get started. When the body bags unzipped, I document clothes
• 18:52
  Speaker 1: medical invention. The clothing is then removed, and then I
• 18:55
  Speaker 1: document the external surfaces of the body. And during this time,
• 18:59
  Speaker 1: if an individual was breathing, I would notice their chest
• 19:03
  Speaker 1: rising or their abdomen rising and falling. I also thoroughly
• 19:07
  Speaker 1: checked the eyes and if there was a pupillary reflex
• 19:10
  Speaker 1: to light, I would spot it then. And finally, when
• 19:14
  Speaker 1: I start the internal examination, when the first incision is made,
• 19:18
  Speaker 1: if the individual was still alive, there would be active
• 19:20
  Speaker 1: bleeding and if this occurred, we would immediately stop in
• 19:25
  Speaker 1: contact nine one one. So there are a number of
• 19:28
  Speaker 1: things that could be seen during the autopsy to make
• 19:31
  Speaker 1: us aware the individual was still alive. Finally, my grandmother
• 19:37
  Speaker 1: used to tell me a story when I was a
• 19:39
  Speaker 1: small child about how her father feared being buried alive
• 19:44
  Speaker 1: and it was her job to make sure that didn't happen.
• 19:48
  Speaker 1: I asked how would she do this, and she said
• 19:51
  Speaker 1: her plan was to stick a needle in his eye,
• 19:54
  Speaker 1: because if you weren't dead, that would make you jump.
• 19:59
  Speaker 1: She didn't get to test this theory, to my knowledge,
• 20:01
  Speaker 1: because my great grandfather died at a hospital and was
• 20:04
  Speaker 1: declared dead by doctors I do know she was the
• 20:08
  Speaker 1: one that determined that her mother in law, my great grandmother,
• 20:12
  Speaker 1: was dead. Everybody was so afraid of her that no
• 20:15
  Speaker 1: one would go into her room when she finally passed away,
• 20:18
  Speaker 1: except my grandmother, who went in there, shut the door
• 20:22
  Speaker 1: and determined that she was dead. How she did this,
• 20:25
  Speaker 1: no one has ever known, and my grandmother never told me,
• 20:29
  Speaker 1: but I am sure there was a needle involved, and
• 20:32
  Speaker 1: that brings us to the end of the episode. As always,
• 20:35
  Speaker 1: I'd like to thank car fifty five for providing music
• 20:38
  Speaker 1: for the show, and Max Slodine, the technical and audio
• 20:42
  Speaker 1: editor for the show, and of course my wife Beth
• 20:45
  Speaker 1: for all her help with the audio and video portions
• 20:48
  Speaker 1: of Mayhem and the Morgue. I hope you learned something,
• 20:55
  Speaker 1: and I hope you were entertained until the next time
• 21:03
  Speaker 1: Mumbling Bus