Latest / The Mental Health Evolution / Ep 37: Trusted Tools for Peer Workers with Naveen Raman
Transcript
- 0:00(Transcribed by TurboScribe. Go Unlimited to remove this message.) This podcast is part of the Frederick Podcast
- 0:02Network.
- 0:03Learn more at ListenFrederick.com.
- 0:05Welcome to Mental Health Evolution, a podcast about
- 0:08what's changing in mental health and why it
- 0:11matters.
- 0:12I'm your host, Rachel Harrison, inviting you into
- 0:15honest conversations with people from all perspectives in
- 0:18the field, clinicians, tech founders, investors, insurance companies,
- 0:22and all the folks in between.
- 0:24Let's explore what's working, what's not, and what's
- 0:27next.
- 0:32Hello, everyone.
- 0:34Welcome back to the Mental Health Evolution podcast,
- 0:38where we are talking about how the landscape
- 0:41is quickly evolving in the mental health industry.
- 0:45Today, we are joined by Naveen Rahman, a
- 0:47PhD student at Carnegie Mellon University.
- 0:51Earlier this year, we talked about a growing
- 0:53trend in behavioral health around using AI tools
- 0:57to support triage and care navigation.
- 1:00The idea is that these systems can help
- 1:02people with lower acuity needs get connected to
- 1:06information and resources more quickly, while also helping
- 1:10to ensure that more complex needs are routed
- 1:13to the appropriate level of care.
- 1:15As we've been looking at what that actually
- 1:17looks like in practice, we came across PeerCopilot,
- 1:21a chatbot and AI-powered assistant being developed
- 1:24at Carnegie Mellon University.
- 1:26PeerCopilot is designed to support peer support workers
- 1:30in behavioral health organizations.
- 1:33One of its key design features is that
- 1:35it does not draw from the open internet.
- 1:39Instead, it uses a curated set of vetted
- 1:42resources, meaning the information it provides comes from
- 1:46pre-identified trusted sources rather than unfiltered online
- 1:50content.
- 1:51In practice, this allows peer workers to take
- 1:54a conversation about someone's needs like housing instability,
- 1:59benefits access, or connection to community supports, and
- 2:02quickly turn it into structured next steps using
- 2:05reliable information.
- 2:07PeerCopilot is currently being tested in real behavioral
- 2:11health settings, where peer workers are supporting people
- 2:14through complex and often urgent needs with limited
- 2:17time and resources.
- 2:18Today, we are going to talk with Naveen
- 2:21about how the system works, how it's being
- 2:23used, and where tools like this fit into
- 2:26the future of care delivery.
- 2:28And as always, before we start talking with
- 2:31our guest, we'd like to bring up some
- 2:34relevant articles related to our guest topics today.
- 2:37These may be helpful for listeners who want
- 2:39to learn more about this topic and dive
- 2:42deeper.
- 2:42As usual, all articles will be linked in
- 2:45the show notes for this episode.
- 2:47So the first article I want to mention
- 2:49is called AI Use in Mental Health Help
- 2:53Seeking and Support.
- 2:54And this research looks at how people are
- 2:58already using artificial intelligence tools in mental health
- 3:02contexts, including looking for emotional support, coping strategies,
- 3:07and general guidance.
- 3:08It highlights that while many people still prefer
- 3:11human providers for care, AI tools are increasingly
- 3:15becoming part of the mental health support landscape,
- 3:18especially for individuals dealing with anxiety and depression.
- 3:22The article also raises important questions about safety,
- 3:26reliability, and the need for appropriate oversight, all
- 3:30topics that we're going to dive into a
- 3:32little bit more with our guest here in
- 3:34a moment.
- 3:35And then the next article is called Human
- 3:38in the Loop, AI in Healthcare Systems.
- 3:41And this article explains the concept of human
- 3:45in the loop artificial intelligence, where AI systems
- 3:48are designed to support human decision-making rather
- 3:51than replace it.
- 3:53It focuses on why this approach is especially
- 3:55important in healthcare and mental health settings where
- 3:58context, judgment, and lived experience are essential to
- 4:03good care.
- 4:03It also discusses how these systems can reduce
- 4:06workload while maintaining safety and accountability.
- 4:10And then lastly, article number three is about
- 4:14the system we're talking about today.
- 4:16It's titled Peer Copilot, AI Assistant for Behavioral
- 4:20Health Navigation.
- 4:21And this article introduces Peer Copilot, a chatbot
- 4:25and AI-powered assistant developed at Carnegie Mellon
- 4:28University to support peer-run behavioral health organizations.
- 4:32It describes how the system helps peer workers
- 4:35create wellness plans, navigate community resources, and structure
- 4:39next steps using a curated database of trusted
- 4:42information.
- 4:43This system is designed to support and not
- 4:46replace human decision-making and is being tested
- 4:50in real behavioral health workflows.
- 4:52I also just want to make a note
- 4:54here that Peer Copilot is not associated with
- 4:58any other tools that have the Copilot title
- 5:01or brand to them.
- 5:03It is a separate thing altogether.
- 5:05So with that background, Naveen, we are really
- 5:09excited to have you here to dig in
- 5:11a little bit more.
- 5:12Thanks for joining us.
- 5:13You guys are having me here today.
- 5:15Absolutely.
- 5:16So I'd love it if you can kind
- 5:19of explain in your own words what Peer
- 5:22Copilot is, what it does for someone working
- 5:25in a behavioral health setting.
- 5:27Yeah, so Peer Copilot really came out of
- 5:30this kind of collaboration we've been doing for
- 5:31the past, say, couple of years with some
- 5:34folks in New Jersey known as CSPNJ, this
- 5:37kind of big statewide peer-run organization there.
- 5:41And what we're looking for, or what they
- 5:42were looking for, is a sort of tool
- 5:44that can help them with their peer sessions
- 5:47on this kind of day-to-day basis,
- 5:49help find information on things like benefits, on
- 5:52resources, and things like that.
- 5:54And so what the tool does at a
- 5:55high level is you take this kind of
- 5:57existing language model, GPT, whatever you want, and
- 6:01what you can do on top is you
- 6:03can add certain what I'll call tools in
- 6:06the kind of formal language on top.
- 6:07What that means is you can add things
- 6:09like a benefit navigator, where if I give
- 6:12an information about a person's income and this
- 6:15and that, it can tell you what benefits
- 6:16they're eligible for.
- 6:18Or if I give you a set of
- 6:19documents, like, for example, from CSPNJ, I give
- 6:22you a bunch of documents related to, say,
- 6:25food or housing or whatnot, it can use
- 6:27something known as sort of retrieval augmented generation
- 6:30to search through these different documents and find
- 6:33the ones that are most relevant.
- 6:34The benefit to this is that it will
- 6:37call these tools or use these kind of
- 6:39additional features so that it can avoid relying
- 6:42too much on its kind of background knowledge
- 6:44that whenever it's kind of unsure or need
- 6:46very specific information, it can rely on the
- 6:49very specific information provided to the kind of
- 6:52chatbot by us using these tools.
- 6:55And so at a high level, it will
- 6:56combine the best of kind of both worlds,
- 6:58ideally, and it'll help peer providers during their
- 7:01sessions navigate different situations, recall information, and just
- 7:05help them hopefully get through some of the
- 7:08more, say, mundane tasks of, hey, when is
- 7:11this particular service open or what kind of
- 7:14food banks are near me in Trenton, New
- 7:15Jersey, so that they can spend more time
- 7:18talking to folks there and just kind of
- 7:21focus more on the other parts of their
- 7:23job and less on the kind of information
- 7:25retrieval and those parts.
- 7:27Oh, OK.
- 7:28I like that.
- 7:28And it sounds like it's pretty location-specific
- 7:30then.
- 7:32Yeah, I think one of the things that
- 7:33people really were emphasizing there is a lot
- 7:36of the resources people need are very location
- 7:38-specific.
- 7:38So somebody in Newark would need food banks
- 7:41that are in Newark and they wouldn't be
- 7:43able to drive two hours to Trenton or
- 7:45whatnot.
- 7:45And so, for example, in the database we
- 7:48have, which is given to us by CSB
- 7:50&J, we kind of went through all the
- 7:52kind of things or places that people had
- 7:55in mind.
- 7:55We went through, found the address and some
- 7:57information on it so that if we search
- 8:00a query like, hey, what are some food
- 8:01banks near me in Newark, it'll go through
- 8:03and try to find food banks that are
- 8:05actually very close by, within a few mile
- 8:07radius, and give the ones that are most
- 8:09relevant or most proximate.
- 8:11OK.
- 8:12And is it just connecting to resources or
- 8:15are there other tools available as well?
- 8:18There's a bunch of other tools.
- 8:19So I think we have a bunch of
- 8:20tools kind of built in.
- 8:22And for example, one of them is this
- 8:24kind of benefit navigator.
- 8:26And what that'll do is we kind of
- 8:28hard code.
- 8:29We say if you're eligible for, say, SSI,
- 8:32then these are the kind of eligibility requirements.
- 8:35And if you put in certain information about
- 8:37a person, we can tell you whether or
- 8:39not they're eligible based on these requirements.
- 8:41And so if the model has some questions
- 8:44about, hey, is this person eligible, it can
- 8:46use those tools.
- 8:46We also have some very basic kind of
- 8:49tools or functionality built in, which are sort
- 8:51of standard at this point with a lot
- 8:53of language models.
- 8:54Things like a calculator.
- 8:55So you can do things like, hey, if
- 8:57I earn $200 more next month, am I
- 9:00still going to be eligible?
- 9:01Models have gotten better at doing this now,
- 9:03but it's still helpful to have these kind
- 9:05of tools built in so it can be
- 9:07guaranteed that it'll do well.
- 9:09And then things like web search for things
- 9:10like, hey, what is happening next week in
- 9:12Newark?
- 9:13Or what is, if you want very up
- 9:14-to-date information, you don't want to rely
- 9:16especially on the model's prior information or any
- 9:19kind of stored database of information because they're
- 9:21all static.
- 9:22And so if I want to ask something
- 9:25like, what is the address for this particular
- 9:29place?
- 9:30You can either search through the database and
- 9:31try to find it there, or you can
- 9:33just do a web search.
- 9:34It can kind of automatically crawl the web
- 9:36or search the web and find that information
- 9:38that's most directly linked.
- 9:40And I think we have probably a couple
- 9:42of the tools built in, but these are
- 9:43the kind of biggest ones that come to
- 9:44mind.
- 9:46Okay.
- 9:46And how did this project get started?
- 9:49I'm curious to hear a little bit of
- 9:50the origin story.
- 9:52Yeah.
- 9:52So I'm a PhD student right now, so
- 9:54I can tell you kind of the perspective
- 9:56I'm coming from is sometime, I think in
- 9:58July 2024, August 2024, my advisor was telling
- 10:02me, hey, there's this organization up in New
- 10:05Jersey that wants to work with us, something
- 10:07AI related.
- 10:08And so we did a little road trip
- 10:09up there from Pittsburgh to a couple of
- 10:12different offices in New Jersey.
- 10:14I think in the end of July, early
- 10:16August, sometime in that timeframe, and we were
- 10:18just chatting with folks there to see what
- 10:20is their experience with AI, what kind of
- 10:21things could AI help with, what is your
- 10:23kind of workflow?
- 10:24And it was all very interesting information in
- 10:26a very different domain than the one that
- 10:27I was used to.
- 10:28So it was cool to just see kind
- 10:29of what are their needs, how can it
- 10:31help them, and then from there it kind
- 10:32of just blossomed and we just kind of
- 10:34worked together for the past couple years from
- 10:36there.
- 10:36Okay.
- 10:37Are there any specific learnings that have kind
- 10:40of stuck out along the development process, like
- 10:43anything that kind of went really wrong or
- 10:45something that you learned and had to correct
- 10:47for?
- 10:48I think there's a lot of different things
- 10:49that change over time.
- 10:51I think one of the things that's very
- 10:52interesting is, I think especially in this peer
- 10:55kind of provider space, they're very big on
- 10:58making sure that the tool is not a
- 11:00replacement, but more kind of complimentary.
- 11:02And so they want to make sure that
- 11:04the information given to them by the tool
- 11:07serves like a very specific need and helps
- 11:09them kind of bring some different ideas.
- 11:10They don't want it to kind of tell
- 11:12them exactly what to do and things like
- 11:14that.
- 11:14So making sure the tool does that was
- 11:16definitely kind of a back and forth process
- 11:17of how do we design the tool?
- 11:19How do we prompt it?
- 11:20So on and so forth.
- 11:21I think one of the other big things
- 11:22is just the kind of speed of model
- 11:24development.
- 11:25And so for example, the paper you mentioned
- 11:27before, the paper we wrote is online since
- 11:31I think November and between November and now
- 11:34we've re-ramped the tool a good amount.
- 11:37And the reason for that is the way
- 11:39you can develop models, say when we started
- 11:41in 2024, is very different than the way
- 11:45you can develop models now.
- 11:46You can develop it in a much better
- 11:47way.
- 11:48The kind of baseline models are much better.
- 11:50And so for example, this idea of like
- 11:52tool calling was more new and not as
- 11:55kind of well, let's say developed back in
- 11:572024.
- 11:58And so we had to manually tell the
- 12:00kind of agent or the kind of model,
- 12:03hey, these are the things you should do.
- 12:04And so if you look in the paper,
- 12:05you'll actually see like a diagram that says
- 12:07explicitly called benefits, explicitly called this and this.
- 12:11But now the model can handle all this,
- 12:12it can, it knows when to call which
- 12:14tool.
- 12:14And so we just have to give it
- 12:15the appropriate tools and the appropriate rag and
- 12:17whatnot, and it works a lot better as
- 12:19a result.
- 12:20And so I think along with that, it's
- 12:22just people have more awareness of kind of
- 12:25the power of AI, what can, what you
- 12:26can do.
- 12:27And so when we went in in 2024,
- 12:29and I think most people there had never
- 12:30really heard of like language models, had never
- 12:32really used it.
- 12:33But I think now it's definitely getting more
- 12:35and more acceptance and people are seeing it
- 12:37and just the potential for it is definitely
- 12:39increasing just because the models themselves are getting
- 12:42better.
- 12:42Mm hmm.
- 12:43They certainly are.
- 12:44And I think you're right.
- 12:45It's more and more widespread.
- 12:46So can you walk me through like an
- 12:49example of how this is being used, like
- 12:51an example of a call where someone might
- 12:53call into this group for peer support and
- 12:56use Peer Copilot?
- 12:58Yeah, so I think the way, so we're
- 13:00still kind of trialing this out and seeing
- 13:02how people use it.
- 13:03But one of the many ways that people
- 13:05talk about this is folks who really, people
- 13:08who come in who really need some kind
- 13:10of resource.
- 13:10I think that's maybe the best kind of
- 13:13use case we have in mind.
- 13:14And what you can imagine is someone comes
- 13:16in and they're saying, hey, I'm in Trenton
- 13:19and I really need food at the end
- 13:21of the day today, but I don't really
- 13:22know where to go.
- 13:23And I have some restrictions, like I really
- 13:26want, I'd rather eat halal food because I'm
- 13:27most of them or something like that.
- 13:28And so they would, and then you could
- 13:30type into the chat.
- 13:31You could say, as you're kind of working
- 13:32with them, you can say, hey, we're going
- 13:34to look for food by searching Google's app
- 13:36and then both them and the kind of
- 13:38person they're working with, they both go on
- 13:40the computer and they can see, can I
- 13:41find food pantries that are good from halal
- 13:45that are nearby or near Trenton?
- 13:47And it'll list some pantries and then you
- 13:48can kind of go through and click on
- 13:49them and see what are the different results
- 13:50and things like that.
- 13:52But you can also do this in ways
- 13:53that are not for resources.
- 13:55So I think one of the examples that
- 13:57we had during one of our trials that
- 13:58we were testing out was something like you
- 14:00can imagine a senior comes in and seniors
- 14:02like, hey, I really want to stay active
- 14:04and try out different things, but I can't
- 14:08really like, I can't really run or do
- 14:10anything because I got knee replacement.
- 14:12And so, but what are the best exercises
- 14:14I can do?
- 14:15And so in this situation, you can kind
- 14:17of brainstorm ideas with peer co-piloting and
- 14:20ask, hey, this person cannot, they cannot run
- 14:22too much or do too much high impact
- 14:24sports.
- 14:25What are some ways that they can stay
- 14:26active and some good exercises, both for the
- 14:29upper body and the lower body, and it'll
- 14:30give you like a detailed exercise plan or
- 14:32something like that.
- 14:33And so they can kind of like have
- 14:34a conversation saying, hey, these are some ideas.
- 14:37What do you think about this?
- 14:38And kind of go back and forth from
- 14:39there.
- 14:39I like that.
- 14:40And so you mentioned, I think, in this
- 14:42example that both the peer support person and
- 14:46the person looking for assistance can both utilize
- 14:49this tool and see the screen.
- 14:51Is that accurate?
- 14:52Yeah, I think it's very heterogeneous, depending on
- 14:54how people want to use the tool.
- 14:56And so some folks have said, hey, we
- 14:57want to use this tool during the session
- 14:58so that like the peer provider and the
- 15:00service user both kind of talk and then
- 15:01they can both see the screen and whatnot.
- 15:03But there are other folks who have said,
- 15:05hey, what I really want to use this
- 15:06for is like research after hours.
- 15:07Like, let's say that somebody brings up something
- 15:09during conversation.
- 15:10Maybe I want to do some more research
- 15:11on this afterwards or before the conversation starts.
- 15:14So the thing is really the heterogeneous use
- 15:16case, depending on maybe where somebody is coming
- 15:18from.
- 15:18So I think it depends really on the
- 15:20individual, depending on how they want to use
- 15:21it there.
- 15:22Okay.
- 15:23And then I know that you have mentioned
- 15:24that this is not the same as OpenAI,
- 15:27but you also mentioned a feature about searching
- 15:30the web.
- 15:31So can you talk a little bit about
- 15:33the safeguards in place and what was important
- 15:37from the use perspective for that?
- 15:41Yeah.
- 15:41So I guess I'll talk about a few
- 15:43things.
- 15:43There's maybe two categories of ways you can
- 15:45build language models in the same age.
- 15:48One is you can build essentially what's called
- 15:50like a wrapper around like an existing large
- 15:52language model.
- 15:53And so you can take something like GPT,
- 15:56which is a lot, hundreds of billions, if
- 15:58not even more at this point, number of
- 16:00parameters.
- 16:00And you can say, I'm going to make
- 16:02what are called like API calls.
- 16:03I'm going to send different requests or different
- 16:06prompts to GPT, get some responses back and
- 16:08do something with that.
- 16:09The other way you can do things is
- 16:11you can do what's called fine-tuning.
- 16:12And what fine-tuning does is you can
- 16:14take a smaller language model, but train it
- 16:16on a big dataset that you have a
- 16:19bit of access to.
- 16:20And you can say, Hey, based on this,
- 16:22how does the model change?
- 16:23In this case, we're doing a TPT wrapper
- 16:24rather than fine-tuning because we don't have
- 16:27access to gigantic datasets here.
- 16:29And the other kind of caveat is that
- 16:30if you start fine-tuning models, it has
- 16:33some kind of computational burden, which is not
- 16:35terrible, but you have to kind of deal
- 16:37with, you have to deal with smaller models.
- 16:40And more importantly, you have to find a
- 16:41way to actually serve those models, basically make
- 16:43those models public in some way, which requires
- 16:46infrastructure and cost.
- 16:47When we build this GPT wrappers, the ways
- 16:49we can do a lot of sort of
- 16:51what I'll call like safety or whatnot is
- 16:54you can make sure the prompt is good.
- 16:55And so we do a lot of work
- 16:56going back and forth with the users themselves
- 16:58or the kind of peer providers to see
- 17:00what should the prompt be?
- 17:01What should it do?
- 17:01And we leave, we give explicit instructions to
- 17:04say, these are the things you should do.
- 17:06To avoid things like hallucination, I think adding
- 17:07in the web search tool is quite useful
- 17:09to make sure that, Hey, if you're unsure,
- 17:11call these tools.
- 17:12And this is something we are explicitly in
- 17:14code in.
- 17:15And then the way this tool is deployed
- 17:16right now is it's deployed as what's called
- 17:19like an Azure server.
- 17:20And so Microsoft has a service called Azure,
- 17:22which runs on the cloud and can do
- 17:24a bunch of things with hosting models and
- 17:26running web servers.
- 17:27And so there are also what I'll call,
- 17:29I don't know the exact word for this,
- 17:31but there are kind of safeguards built into
- 17:33that as well, where you can avoid things
- 17:35like overly harmful language.
- 17:36You can set thresholds or filters on the
- 17:38bat and whatnot.
- 17:39And so these are also built into the
- 17:40model or built into the kind of deployment
- 17:42on the model so that we can avoid
- 17:43any kind of bad behavior, any kind of
- 17:46negative outcome that comes as a result of
- 17:48this.
- 17:48Of course, at the end of the day,
- 17:50I think relying on models themselves for very
- 17:51important tasks is a bit tricky just because
- 17:54no matter how good your model is, there
- 17:55are ways it will break.
- 17:56There are ways you can potentially break it,
- 17:58of course.
- 17:58And so normally we will always have like
- 18:00a peer provider working with this model so
- 18:02that they are kind of an extra line
- 18:03of defense.
- 18:04They can say, Hey, this doesn't make sense
- 18:05or this result doesn't make sense or whatnot.
- 18:07So I think building and deploying these models
- 18:10is really more about having these lines of
- 18:12defense in rather than just saying, Oh, we
- 18:14can build the best model possible and it'll
- 18:16all work out from there.
- 18:18I like that.
- 18:19And to me, what I'm hearing you say
- 18:21is, yes, there are lines of defense in
- 18:24the design itself, but the biggest maybe line
- 18:27of defense is that this is being utilized
- 18:30with a human.
- 18:32I think this is like an adage a
- 18:34lot in like computer security where I think
- 18:36what they call it there is like a
- 18:37Swiss cheese model where you have all these
- 18:39different lines of defense.
- 18:40Every single line of defense has certain vulnerabilities
- 18:42or certain holes.
- 18:44The kind of goal that you want is
- 18:45to make sure that all the holes don't
- 18:47line up so that there's no path from
- 18:48like one end to the other.
- 18:50And so as a result, you can make
- 18:51sure that whatever mistakes the model makes, the
- 18:53human catches it.
- 18:54The human catch can't catch something.
- 18:56Maybe the model will catch it or the
- 18:57additional safeguards we add on top or something
- 18:59like that.
- 19:00So we just want to make sure that
- 19:01whatever we do, there are different ways to
- 19:03catch mistakes.
- 19:04And just another thing we're doing, actually, in
- 19:07addition to that, I think the folks at
- 19:09CSP&J are running some kind of AI
- 19:11training session sometime in the next week or
- 19:14two.
- 19:15And so what they're doing there is they're
- 19:16teaching people about how to prompt, what kind
- 19:18of issues might come up when you prompt
- 19:19and how to think about how to be
- 19:21kind of cautious, but also optimistic when working
- 19:24with these sort of models.
- 19:25And so I think all of these things
- 19:26really go together as different lines of defense
- 19:28to make sure things work out well.
- 19:30That makes a lot of sense because you're
- 19:32not looking for the type of person to
- 19:34just read off of a screen.
- 19:36You're looking for the type of person who
- 19:38has some kind of training working as a
- 19:41peer support to be like, wait, that doesn't
- 19:44sound right.
- 19:45Exactly.
- 19:45This is such a new tool that I
- 19:46think having some degree of like AI literacy
- 19:49or technological literacy is very important because it's
- 19:52the way that model works or the way
- 19:55it might hallucinate might look different than, say,
- 19:57what a person might do when they make
- 19:59mistakes.
- 20:00And so just being aware of this, being
- 20:01aware of these are the things that the
- 20:03model can do.
- 20:03These are the things that maybe the model
- 20:04cannot do as well.
- 20:06And try to tell the difference between the
- 20:08two and just kind of being guarded whenever
- 20:11you use these models because the model will
- 20:13say things you might have to go back
- 20:14and verify and this and that.
- 20:16Yeah, that makes sense.
- 20:18So this is a specific, like you have
- 20:21a specific use case that you're using this
- 20:24for.
- 20:24Are there any ideas or dreams or plans
- 20:27even to broaden the scope of where this
- 20:30might be available for people to use?
- 20:33I think that would be nice.
- 20:34I think right now we're using this with
- 20:35one specific organization, but I think in general,
- 20:38I think there's two maybe lines of things
- 20:40that at least I imagine personally.
- 20:42One is expanding to other peer organizations.
- 20:45I think we're very happy to work with
- 20:47any peer organization who wants to use AI
- 20:49in the workflow.
- 20:50And this is kind of the tool that
- 20:52hopefully can help them out with different kind
- 20:54of things.
- 20:54So we would love to kind of integrate
- 20:55this there.
- 20:55And then also just as a way to
- 20:57maybe at maybe like a county level or
- 20:59state level hub would benefit navigation and things
- 21:02like that.
- 21:02And so I know a lot of people
- 21:04deal with like, hey, how do I apply
- 21:05for SNAP or something like that?
- 21:07And so maybe there's some version of this
- 21:08tool or even just some version of some
- 21:10language model out there where people could use
- 21:12it for assisting with benefit navigation, this and
- 21:15that, just because I think reading through the
- 21:17benefit documents and understanding these things are very,
- 21:19very complex.
- 21:20But I think these language models, what they
- 21:22do really well is if you give them
- 21:23like a fixed source, like for example, you
- 21:25give them like the fixed booklet on SNAP
- 21:28eligibility, it's very good at parsing this and
- 21:30breaking this under simple terms and understanding this,
- 21:32which can hopefully kind of lower informational barriers
- 21:35and make it easier for people in these
- 21:36kind of spaces.
- 21:37To see what's going on.
- 21:38Yeah, yeah, I can see that.
- 21:40Interesting.
- 21:40It occurs to me like a lot of
- 21:42locations have a 2-1-1 resource.
- 21:45Are you familiar with that?
- 21:46Yeah, I think I've heard about 2-1
- 21:48-1 before.
- 21:49Yeah.
- 21:49So it's similar.
- 21:50It's usually like a hotline sort of thing
- 21:53where people might be calling with because they're
- 21:56in emotional distress, people might be calling looking
- 21:58for resources.
- 21:59But the need for resources is inherent in
- 22:02that kind of support system and thinking this
- 22:07could be a great utilization potentially for those
- 22:10types of organizations.
- 22:12Yeah, yeah.
- 22:12I know whenever we have some queries, I
- 22:15know 2-1-1 is like a resource
- 22:16we have even embedded into the kind of
- 22:18database there.
- 22:20OK, so a lot of the times if
- 22:21we have a query and it's something like,
- 22:23hey, where do I find this food resource?
- 22:25It'll tell you some of the food resources,
- 22:26but it'll also say maybe you should contact
- 22:292-1-1 to find additional information or
- 22:31something like that.
- 22:32So maybe that's definitely another use case for
- 22:34it.
- 22:34I think there's a lot of different use
- 22:35cases where we need to find certain amounts
- 22:37of information or whatnot, and people could use
- 22:39it there.
- 22:40Do you ever think that it could be
- 22:42used without that human interaction?
- 22:46You're saying directly by, say, like a service
- 22:48user?
- 22:49Yeah.
- 22:50That's an interesting question.
- 22:51I think there are definitely risks, but also
- 22:52benefits.
- 22:53The benefits is if I need something urgently,
- 22:55then I can kind of quickly go to
- 22:56it and find something.
- 22:58The risk is that maybe the tool is
- 23:00not fully designed for that just because there
- 23:03are, of course, things that might hallucinate or
- 23:05say the wrong thing here and there.
- 23:06I think it's also we're trying to build
- 23:08in a few other things into the tool
- 23:10to make sure it's more accessible so that
- 23:11if we want to kind of go directly
- 23:13to service users, then it could.
- 23:16But I think it's a bit tricky just
- 23:18because we don't want to ruin or even
- 23:20tamper with the peer provider or service user
- 23:22relationship.
- 23:23And so this is why we're sticking mostly
- 23:24to kind of helping peer providers for the
- 23:26time being.
- 23:27And then if people are interested, we could
- 23:29potentially go directly to service users.
- 23:31But I think it's a lot of complexities
- 23:33that end up coming there.
- 23:34For example, things like if my service user
- 23:37speaks entirely Spanish, then does my tool do
- 23:40well in Spanish?
- 23:40If my service user is kind of either
- 23:42hard of seeing or hard of cannot read
- 23:44or something like that, can my tool kind
- 23:47of say things out loud and whatnot?
- 23:49These are things that we've tried to build
- 23:51in.
- 23:51Like, for example, it should natively support other
- 23:53languages just because that's how language models work.
- 23:56And I think we're planning to build in
- 23:58like text-to-speech or things like that.
- 23:59But I think there are all these kind
- 24:01of more practical complications that start coming in
- 24:04if you start thinking about, oh, we're going
- 24:06to go directly to service users.
- 24:09I agree.
- 24:10Yeah, I could also see that when you
- 24:12talk about this systems navigation, it does make
- 24:15me wonder if there's a use case for
- 24:17like Department of Social Services, right, to be
- 24:20able to easily provide a way people can
- 24:24quickly see, like, do I qualify?
- 24:26Should I even make the appointment?
- 24:27Like, I can see so many kind of
- 24:30possibilities there of like, yeah, you qualify for
- 24:33SNAP.
- 24:33You should make this appointment versus like, nope,
- 24:36your income doesn't match.
- 24:38Don't waste your time.
- 24:40Exactly.
- 24:41I think that could be a very good
- 24:42use case for this where I think it's
- 24:44very good at like if you give it
- 24:46fixed information, which ideally things like SNAP are
- 24:49at least hopefully somewhat fixed where you can
- 24:51tell this is what happened, then it can
- 24:53just process your information in whatever format you
- 24:56give it and tell you what you qualify
- 24:58for, what information you need.
- 25:00It's kind of a more flexible version of
- 25:02the calculators that are already out there.
- 25:05And so I think that this kind of
- 25:06thing could definitely be useful and wouldn't be
- 25:09too complicated to build this because it would
- 25:11just need to be like a minorly prompted
- 25:13or tailored version of GPT or kind of
- 25:16a minorly modified version of whatever we have
- 25:18right now with PureCopilot.
- 25:20So that's the hope there.
- 25:21OK, I love that.
- 25:23Is there a way for organizations to get
- 25:26connected with you if they are interested in
- 25:29being a test case or utilizing this software?
- 25:34Yeah, of course.
- 25:34I'm very happy to chat with any organization.
- 25:37If you look at the paper itself, it
- 25:38should have my email, I believe.
- 25:40And so or you could just search my
- 25:42name, Naveen Rahman.
- 25:43I'm sure you can find my email somewhere
- 25:45on the Internet.
- 25:46And I'm happy to if you just send
- 25:47me an email, I'm happy to chat with
- 25:48any organization who has questions about the tool,
- 25:51even if they have questions about AI, I'm
- 25:53happy to chat with them and see what
- 25:55can AI do for them.
- 25:57Even if it's not necessarily PureCopilot, even if
- 25:59they want to use another tool, I'm happy
- 26:01to see what can AI do in the
- 26:03space for them.
- 26:04I love it.
- 26:05I love what you're doing.
- 26:06I really appreciate the intentionality, the focus on
- 26:10supporting the organization that you're working with, the
- 26:13human line of defense.
- 26:14All of those things are great.
- 26:16If you could leave our listeners with one
- 26:19last thought or maybe a most important thing
- 26:23that you think they know about AI models
- 26:25or integrating this in the mental health space,
- 26:27what would that be?
- 26:28Yeah, I think maybe the thing I would
- 26:30say is AI models are very powerful, but
- 26:32they also need to be very kind of
- 26:35specific or tailored towards a domain to make
- 26:38sure that they work in this specific context.
- 26:41And so just thinking about both what can
- 26:44AI do that might be able to help
- 26:46me, but also how do I make sure
- 26:47that it works within my context so that
- 26:49it works with the people and it works
- 26:52within those relationships in the kind of right
- 26:54way that I want it to work is
- 26:56both a big question, but also potentially very
- 26:58impactful.
- 26:59Yeah, yeah, awesome.
- 27:02Well, Naveen, I really appreciate you taking the
- 27:04time.
- 27:05You and your team are doing some great
- 27:07things.
- 27:08So thank you for that.
- 27:09We will definitely have the article, the paper
- 27:12that you all wrote in the show notes.
- 27:14We'll also put your email.
- 27:15It sounds like you're OK with that in
- 27:17the show notes so people can reach out
- 27:18to you.
- 27:19It's been a great, great conversation.
- 27:21So thanks for being here.
- 27:23And of course, thanks for having me and
- 27:24thanks for the chat.
- 27:25Ah, so we will be back next week
- 27:28on this pod to discuss more about issues
- 27:31relevant in the mental health care community.
- 27:33Thank you for listening and bye for now.
- 27:37Thanks for listening to the Mental Health Evolution
- 27:40podcast.
- 27:42Join the conversation.
- 27:43Find us on socials, send us your thoughts
- 27:45and tell us what you're seeing in your
- 27:47corner of the mental health world.
- 27:49Until next time, stay curious and keep evolving.