Latest / SHULCHAN ARUCH YOMI: Own the Halacha in 25 minutes a day! / Yoreh De’ah 200:1. Niddah: Bracha: When and How To Say the Blessing

Transcript

Yoreh De’ah 200:1. Niddah: Bracha: When and How To Say the Blessing · SHULCHAN ARUCH YOMI: Own the Halacha in 25 minutes a day!

• 0:00
  OK, good morning. We are Bizarat Hashem concluding
• 0:03
  helhasnida today. OK, We finished off last time
• 0:07
  with Kuftsadi Tet, just to make sure.
• 0:10
  I'm not sure how I left it, if there's gonna be a break between
• 0:14
  khfifa and going bathing and going to the mikvah.
• 0:19
  So the khatila, once a person does khfifa.
• 0:23
  Really. That's really what I'm saying is
• 0:25
  like, ideally one should not eat meat or things that are easy to
• 0:29
  get stuck between the teeth. But but yeah, but as long as
• 0:33
  you, I mean, it's it's it's a it's a hitter.
• 0:36
  It's not like a Mama shalaka, but better not to.
• 0:39
  But you floss, you make sure that's fine.
• 0:42
  But the post can say if it's Shabbos or Yomtiff.
• 0:45
  Let's say she's going to go to the mikvah after Friday night
• 0:50
  dinner. So then the post Kim do say look
• 0:52
  at Gila. It's mutter for her to have meat
• 0:54
  because of Onyx Shabbos and sum khasyantov.
• 0:58
  OK so that's just wanted to say let's start.
• 1:01
  Simon Rish E matai tasa bracha had virkat at villa.
• 1:07
  So when should she say the bracha?
• 1:09
  So we basically learned everything until the actual
• 1:13
  point, the moment of dipping. So how does that work, Olive
• 1:19
  Ke$ha puscheted nabusha. So the Shokanarak writes.
• 1:23
  What's the ideal way to do it? She takes off her clothing,
• 1:27
  right? Ke$ha omed it beka Luca, but she
• 1:30
  still has a robe on, maybe a towel, a robe.
• 1:35
  She still has something on her. So she removed most of her
• 1:38
  clothing. Now why does she have to remove
• 1:40
  most of the clothing first? Because we know we're going to
• 1:43
  get into this more. We know there's a halacha of
• 1:48
  overla siatan. So one of the places, the Gemara
• 1:51
  has it in many places or several places.
• 1:53
  One of them is in Sahim Zayan Ahmedbet.
• 1:58
  Why is that relevant? We're going to see in a moment,
• 2:01
  but anyways, we see you have to say the bracha over.
• 2:04
  Let's see a ton. You have to say the bracha for
• 2:06
  all mitzvahs. We always have to say the bracha
• 2:09
  before the action. Once the action is done, it's
• 2:12
  too late to say the bracha in general.
• 2:13
  We'll just leave it at that. There's what to say, but that's
• 2:17
  in general. It has to be before, but it
• 2:20
  can't be over. There can't be way before.
• 2:23
  It's not like, you know, you're driving to the mitzvah now.
• 2:26
  You say bracha, even if you're not going to speak in between
• 2:28
  and not make a hep sick. That in itself is already.
• 2:31
  I mean you're driving. That's but still time you do it
• 2:34
  right before not much before. So you take off your clothing
• 2:38
  then she but she's covered right?
• 2:40
  We don't she doesn't want to. You know, you don't we don't say
• 2:42
  a bracha when we are naked. So she's she has to wear a robe.
• 2:48
  Tevarech a share que de shano de mitzvotavitzivano.
• 2:52
  What's the Nusa al Hatvila? OK, so that's what we say the
• 2:55
  bracha of going to the Miklas al Hatvila, the teeth shot Khaluka
• 3:01
  and then she takes off her robe vertipo and then she gets naked
• 3:05
  and she goes into the water to death.
• 3:13
  Let's say for whatever reason, she didn't say the bracha when
• 3:18
  she was dressed before she got in the water, she went in, she
• 3:22
  went in the water with the she went in the she went in the
• 3:26
  water already and she didn't say the bracha yet.
• 3:28
  Now she's about to dip. So what does she do?
• 3:30
  So she I still have to say the bracha.
• 3:32
  So before she dips, before she dunks her head, she says the
• 3:36
  bracha. But we have issues of one of the
• 3:40
  issues are Irva. So it's he says like this.
• 3:43
  I'm going to recap this in a moment, but let's keep reading
• 3:46
  the IM Hein Salulim Oh Cartan Baraglena.
• 3:50
  If the water is clear. So then what does he say?
• 3:54
  You should use your use your legs, shake the water, make the
• 4:00
  water lift up dirt or you can I just we just I don't want, we
• 4:06
  don't want mud to get stuck to her feet.
• 4:07
  So whatever it is, if it's sad, maybe she can kick it up a
• 4:11
  little bit. You don't want it stuck between
• 4:12
  the toes. Ideally, whatever the situation
• 4:16
  is, you shake the water, you can use your hands to lift up the
• 4:21
  dirt and the water becomes no longer clear.
• 4:24
  So that's what the Chauhanar is saying is the ideal way to do
• 4:27
  it, either before you go in or while it's, or you shake up the
• 4:33
  water. And therefore, or if the water's
• 4:35
  already dirty a little bit, then there's no issue.
• 4:38
  And then she says the bracha. So then there's no problems of
• 4:42
  erva. And then she dips and then
• 4:44
  that's over. La siata.
• 4:46
  Let me read the Rama and then we'll, we'll come back.
• 4:48
  Viyesh Omrin Shilotivarek. And Rama quotes the opinion that
• 4:54
  wait, she should not say the bracha.
• 4:57
  Adahara tavila. Wait, she should only say the
• 5:00
  bracha after she so the Rama says, and I'm going to go over
• 5:17
  recap the by Ashkenazim and Spartan, I think at the end, so
• 5:23
  stay tuned. So he says the minog is that
• 5:27
  Rama writes that she says the bracha only after she dips
• 5:32
  right, Even though it's a very lassie a ton, She does it
• 5:34
  afterwards and that's the minog. But afterwards, when she's still
• 5:39
  in the so she dips once and then she's in the water.
• 5:43
  And while she's still in the water, then she covers herself
• 5:47
  with the robe. You put a robe on yourself
• 5:49
  afterwards and you're gonna get dressed in the water and then
• 5:52
  you say the bracha. All right, That's what he
• 5:54
  writes. He doesn't specify exactly, but
• 5:58
  we'll go over what's the the general minhagim of of what we
• 6:02
  do according to the Rama. OK, so let's just take a quick
• 6:07
  step back for a moment. So we mentioned the Gemara in
• 6:10
  Zain. I'm in Baze Sakhim.
• 6:13
  So he said the Gemara over there says clearly the halakhah is
• 6:18
  overla Siatan hoots, minhatvila. The gamar says there's only one
• 6:23
  exception from all the bracos is tavila.
• 6:28
  That's the one time that you have to say the braca
• 6:31
  afterwards. And there the gamar is clearly
• 6:34
  only speaking about Ager. Someone who converts.
• 6:37
  The gamar says it's very clear that therefore because Ager is
• 6:42
  not Jewish, Ager doesn't say bracos.
• 6:44
  So Ager cannot possibly goy correct a gear before they
• 6:50
  convert is a goi and thank you. A goi cannot say a bracha
• 6:54
  doesn't doesn't work. So therefore when they go to the
• 6:58
  mikvah to convert, if they say the bracha before to bioverila
• 7:01
  sieta and didn't count only when he comes out, he's Jewish in or
• 7:06
  out, whatever. That's a separate story.
• 7:08
  Then it's when you come out, then he's Jewish and then you
• 7:13
  can say the bracha. So that is the so that's what
• 7:17
  the Gemara says very clearly. So most of the Rashonian clearly
• 7:21
  say that it's a this exception is only for Tavila by a by Ager
• 7:29
  when he converts. What about so then the the toast
• 7:33
  was on the in on the place on the page.
• 7:36
  He writes the rewrites in Ligor Benashim don't don't yell at the
• 7:41
  women when they go. So when they go to dip first,
• 7:46
  when they're in, when they're in Nida, they go to a we're talking
• 7:48
  about Nida over there in Tosvas to dip 1st, and then they say
• 7:52
  the Bracha I. Why?
• 7:54
  Because it seems to be against the Gemara, because the Gemara's
• 7:56
  only talking about Aguirre. But it's not possible.
• 7:59
  But Anita is possible, she's Jewish.
• 8:01
  So Tosvas says that perhaps Lokhilku Khazal were not Mahalik
• 8:09
  once they made the exception for Tavila.
• 8:12
  They made the exception for all Tavilas.
• 8:15
  And there it's built in to the way they created or established
• 8:19
  and acted, set up their bracas. That's how they made it la
• 8:22
  Khadhila. A woman either should or could,
• 8:27
  or a guy. Anyone who's going to the mikvah
• 8:29
  should go say the braca afterwards.
• 8:32
  It's not once they made an exception by Tavila for a gear
• 8:37
  that the same exception applies to Tvila and Tosva also, he
• 8:41
  says. And that could also apply to
• 8:43
  Nateelasya Dime. So that we learned before.
• 8:47
  Also he points out, because it's, you know, here, it's by
• 8:51
  the by the garrets, it's EF Shar.
• 8:53
  So so too by Nateelasya Dime. You can say it's EF Shar.
• 8:56
  If you're doing Nateelasya Dime in a bathroom, of course you're
• 8:59
  not always in a bathroom, but sometimes you might be in the
• 9:01
  bathroom. So therefore they sometimes it's
• 9:04
  a situation of EF Shar. So therefore that's how it could
• 9:08
  make sense for Nateelasya Dime even more than just Loki.
• 9:13
  Loki Or it could be because your hands are dirty.
• 9:18
  Yeah, OK. And also he points out by
• 9:23
  Nathila Saddam, drying is part of the process.
• 9:25
  So at least drying is part of overelesiatan.
• 9:28
  OK. And then also by Nida, he says
• 9:31
  perhaps it's also a little a little bit of how to Yashar,
• 9:34
  because maybe she's going to be scared when she goes to the
• 9:39
  mikvah. We had this concept before.
• 9:41
  So she might end up, you know, something she could be dipping
• 9:45
  in a river or an ocean and scared.
• 9:46
  So she might end change her mind and not dip that night, that
• 9:49
  night. Or she'll she'll she'll wait 10
• 9:52
  minutes till she gets, you know, muster musters up the courage to
• 9:55
  do it. So therefore maybe that's also a
• 9:58
  little bit, that's also possibly why they said it could be that
• 10:03
  Khazal made it to say the bracha afterwards.
• 10:07
  Also a woman is not dressed when she goes to the mikvah, right?
• 10:12
  So how can you say brafa if you're not dressed?
• 10:14
  So that's also a case of Yafshar.
• 10:16
  That's why the Rama says she dips, gets dressed and then says
• 10:20
  the brafa because it's also a case of Yafshar.
• 10:22
  Of course she can say the brafa. But and then also in including
• 10:28
  Koflamudva tells us over there says also it's really according
• 10:33
  to one man to AMR. But the whole concept perhaps helps the
• 10:39
  because there is a Machlocus, if you can say Abraca when you're
• 10:42
  Abal Kerry. So for Abal Kerry couldn't go to
• 10:46
  the mikvah and has to go to the mikvah before you can say Abraca
• 10:49
  since speak to every time. So therefore for Abal Kerry that
• 10:52
  we don't pass like that way. But according to that Manda
• 10:54
  Amra, they need to say the Braca after they go to the mikvah
• 10:58
  anyway. So that's just a little
• 10:59
  background of where this all comes from and fine.
• 11:10
  OK, so Ribosha points out, yes, we can speak about Nero Shabas
• 11:14
  as well a little bit, but that's also in question is can you?
• 11:17
  Yeah, All right. Well, I won't get into that, but
• 11:20
  very good. So one of the, so some, what are
• 11:24
  the, some of the issues that we need to just clarify that we
• 11:27
  started to clarify is when to say the bracha and, and how to
• 11:32
  say the bracha. What are the main issues?
• 11:34
  So the issues are over La Siatan we just mentioned.
• 11:38
  Another one is Kisui Ha Roche. Maybe her head needs to be
• 11:42
  covered. Some of the posts can point out
• 11:44
  another problem could be erva, she's not, if a woman's not
• 11:48
  dressed, how could she go? And another issue could be a
• 11:53
  mikvah with hot water could have a din of a meerkats and a din of
• 11:57
  a meerkats is it's a hot, it's a hot room steam.
• 12:02
  And therefore it's it's all right.
• 12:04
  It's the inner room where there's steam, where people are
• 12:07
  naked and they bathe. Therefore it's usurdasya bracha
• 12:09
  in a merkat. So how does that apply the micef
• 12:12
  for our mikvaos? So you look in the Shakhtas
• 12:17
  Berahetev at length, they'll discuss some of these issues.
• 12:20
  I mean, really it's discussed many places.
• 12:22
  The mission board discusses it in Ayan Dalid of Orachaim.
• 12:26
  And maybe we'll do a a really quick recap over there.
• 12:29
  But bottom line the Barry has a quick summary but he quotes Taz
• 12:38
  and Shah basically they they all say like this our min hug for
• 12:45
  Ashkenazim is not even not like the Shah Kanarek and not like
• 12:48
  the Rahma. Nowadays what do most women do?
• 12:51
  They go in the mikvah and they, I don't know if they say it, but
• 12:57
  we all know this. The what most women do is they
• 13:00
  dip twice. That's the general what most
• 13:02
  people can say for at least rash cannasium and some spartium, but
• 13:07
  generally frash cannasium is they should dip twice.
• 13:09
  They dip the first time and that is because everything we
• 13:14
  introduced from the Rama, we don't, we don't have to repeat.
• 13:17
  So you dip 1st and then you say the bracha all right, to make it
• 13:21
  similar to to be less gear then what abouts?
• 13:25
  But then then they and then they say the bracha and then they dip
• 13:29
  again. The dipping again can help.
• 13:32
  It can help with the concept of auver la siatan.
• 13:37
  So that's why it's important to dip twice.
• 13:39
  Some say it's important to dip twice also just to make sure
• 13:41
  that you were completely immersed in water, especially
• 13:45
  the creases. You know, the water got in
• 13:47
  there. OK, so that's that's what's done
• 13:51
  and they point out and they basically say that that's the
• 13:55
  custom and that and generally women as far as Airva, they just
• 13:59
  keep even if the water is clear, that's generally they let the
• 14:02
  water be clear and that's not a problem.
• 14:04
  And their head is obviously outside the water when they say
• 14:09
  the bracha. So they're, so they're.
• 14:13
  Yeah. And since their eyes are not
• 14:16
  looking at their Malcolm Irva and their eyes are outside of
• 14:19
  the water, that's considered separate enough.
• 14:22
  And the water is considered covering them enough.
• 14:27
  Again, it's it is a discussion in EIN Dalit of Arkaim, if water
• 14:31
  is good enough. But the Shokhan Ark itself says,
• 14:35
  I think it's in Steve Dalit, that it is good enough for
• 14:38
  women. So Yeshua Omer.
• 14:40
  But Lameisa? What?
• 14:43
  So here he's being Mahmar. But the Sholkhonarak did paskin
• 14:48
  in Orakai and Ikar a din for women in water.
• 14:51
  If they're naked, it's fine, they can say Abraha if they're
• 14:54
  out because the water, I'll explain in a second.
• 14:58
  But what was I going to say? Well, but there's two issues
• 15:04
  when it comes to erva 1 is whenever one, whenever one
• 15:08
  anyone says a bracha 2 issues must be accounted for.
• 15:12
  They cannot be there erva cannot be revealed has has to be
• 15:15
  covered. And the other issue is libo ROA
• 15:20
  as erva, your, your heart cannot see the erva.
• 15:24
  So women are a little more Mako. There's more room to be Mako.
• 15:29
  It's not as As for men, just as a general that's like the water
• 15:33
  does water count? So water counts that you're
• 15:35
  covered up and then it's it's good enough, but not for men
• 15:40
  because for men, obviously, obviously we know the Malcolm
• 15:42
  era for the men sticks out. It's protrudes a little bit and
• 15:46
  by women, it's more recessed. And if they were to be outside
• 15:52
  of water. So then it would be a problem
• 15:54
  for women unless they're like sitting down and into the dirt
• 15:57
  or on covered up a little bit when they're sitting down.
• 16:00
  So it gets covered that way. But if it's or just or just, I
• 16:04
  think just sitting's OK. But for men it doesn't help
• 16:08
  because it's it still protrudes. But here with the water MIE
• 16:11
  garden, it works for women. So there's and then also for
• 16:15
  Libro S Erva. So in order to be considered
• 16:17
  covered up MIE garden, we say water.
• 16:22
  It's a question mark if Water Works or not, but we can say it
• 16:25
  works and as long as no one else can see you, you just don't look
• 16:30
  at it. Or if there's other people who
• 16:32
  could see if they're in the in the mikvah at the same time.
• 16:34
  So then you just then it's then you have to look away or you
• 16:37
  have to move the water to get dirt to come up if it's not a
• 16:41
  clean mikvah, but let's see and leave bubbles.
• 16:47
  So that helps. Yeah, bubbles helps so that your
• 16:51
  eyes and other people can't see and the discussion as far as
• 16:55
  being like under a blanket or something like that.
• 16:58
  So that's a bigger problem for men, less of a problem for
• 17:01
  women, because that's the sig of libel roas erva.
• 17:04
  So there's supposed to be a hefsic between the lave and the
• 17:07
  Malcolm Erva even if you're under a blanket or in the water.
• 17:09
  But Shakhar says Mika, I did, and women can be Makos.
• 17:13
  So the men. So therefore, generally
• 17:15
  speaking, women, most women, as far as I know, I did a very
• 17:19
  minor, minor survey, but not adequate enough.
• 17:22
  The women do not cover their hair when they go to when they
• 17:25
  say the bracha. We're talking about Ashkenazi
• 17:27
  women. They do not cover their hair.
• 17:29
  They say the bracha. They do not put arms over their,
• 17:34
  their stomach to create a hepstick and the water is clear
• 17:39
  and they just keep their head out of the water when they say
• 17:41
  the bracha. And that is what the shock says
• 17:45
  after the first dip umin Hagan Torahi.
• 17:49
  And that's the Menog of Kaliesra, list of Ashkenazim,
• 17:53
  and that's the Torah. And that's acceptable, is it?
• 17:57
  Does it satisfy every opinion in the Rishonian?
• 18:01
  No, but that is the accepted halacha 100%.
• 18:05
  One should not say anything against it.
• 18:07
  And that's that's what they do. There's no reason to to change.
• 18:12
  However, it doesn't mean you can't be Mahamor the Mishnabura,
• 18:15
  for example, and others say it's better to if you can make the
• 18:20
  water dirty and lift it up or have bubbles, that'll be better.
• 18:23
  Although you just you don't want the bubbles to I'm just thinking
• 18:26
  to make you you probably don't want bubbles there so that the
• 18:29
  Balanith can make sure the hair is completely immersed.
• 18:32
  So but that would help the Airba issue, but it would make it
• 18:35
  worse for Tila issues. So I don't recommend that the
• 18:41
  what was, what else did you say? Right.
• 18:44
  So it's better to put your arm over your stomach, right below
• 18:49
  your between your heart and your and the Malcolm Erva.
• 18:53
  But again, it's not necessary. And some say it's better to
• 18:57
  cover their heads as well. I don't know.
• 19:00
  Bring a tablecloth. Not the table.
• 19:03
  I'm in a washcloth or bring something inside with you to put
• 19:06
  on your head when you say the bracha or to have another a
• 19:09
  woman put her hand on your head. But again, that's not generally
• 19:12
  done and it's not it's not required.
• 19:16
  That's I would I would say that's more of a Midas Cracidas,
• 19:19
  but based on the Mennon that let me see if that pretty much
• 19:25
  covers everything. Yeah, yeah, one arm's enough
• 19:34
  just to make a separation. OK, now let's see what else do
• 19:39
  we want to speak about on this topic?
• 19:41
  So we mentioned Kisi Roche. So the in general there's a
• 19:46
  mahlokative women need to cover their hair when they say Ibraha.
• 19:49
  So it depends who you ask. But in generally speaking, most
• 19:53
  posts can do not say women need to cover their hair when they
• 19:55
  say Ibraha. But some say married woman
• 19:59
  there's there's a big men hug to always cover their hair.
• 20:03
  So I guess it depends who you ask.
• 20:06
  What about the the mikvah being a din of Amerhatz?
• 20:09
  So again, on this we're also miko and we just assume it's not
• 20:14
  steamy enough to be considered Amerhatz and are sweaty or
• 20:19
  smelly. So it's not.
• 20:22
  So we're miko on that. We do not consider it Amerhatz.
• 20:25
  No, everyone says Abraha. So the question is, should you
• 20:27
  say it before? Fine, so let me just jump to I
• 20:30
  think we explained what the minute for Ashkenazim is, but
• 20:34
  for most Fardim, what what do they do when they go to the
• 20:36
  mikvah? The woman before she enters the
• 20:39
  mikvah room, she's she's wearing her clothing and some cover
• 20:46
  their hair. They say the bracha.
• 20:48
  So you'd say it la cola deos really as the and then
• 20:56
  immediately, without speaking, without making a half sick, she
• 20:58
  takes off the robe and she goes into the mikvah and that she's
• 21:03
  no, there's no issues of erva no issues of Merkhatz, no issues of
• 21:09
  she did kisi Roche. Yeah, because you want to be.
• 21:13
  So you can just in a second take it off or a towel and and then
• 21:19
  it's not, it's not a half, then it's over les siatan.
• 21:22
  And then that really gets everything.
• 21:25
  Now, how many times do you dip? So really Halakhli, you only
• 21:29
  need to dip once. But we mentioned many, in
• 21:33
  particular Ashkenazim dip twice. And there's some Spartan who who
• 21:38
  follow like the Ashkenazim, but most do like Shulkhanarak or
• 21:42
  like the way I just explained is Rabhavadhya.
• 21:45
  Is it so? And if some but some do 7 dips,
• 21:49
  some all kinds of numbers, whatever they are, just some
• 21:53
  point out when Akala is going to start deciding how many times
• 21:57
  she's going to dip. Some say she she should say that
• 22:00
  she's doing it bleeder so that you don't need to make problems
• 22:04
  that way. But if you need a Tarzan diam or
• 22:08
  not, OK, let's see Shakyanu. There is such a discussion if
• 22:14
  the first time when Akala goes should one say Shakyanu?
• 22:17
  But as far as I know, everyone says to the very least Safik
• 22:20
  Brahos Sahaka. So I don't think anyone says it
• 22:23
  happens to be when I get to the Garrus.
• 22:27
  So some, so I think that's the right buzz.
• 22:29
  Some do say some basin will tell the woman or the ger to say
• 22:33
  Shakiano, but that's because they're becoming Jewish.
• 22:38
  It's not for the mikvah, it's for becoming Jewish.
• 22:41
  OK, let's see anything else? I think that and then what
• 22:46
  happens? Oh, this is really from Kutsadi
• 22:49
  Tet. I'll just mention it.
• 22:50
  What happens? We needed to do a comb.
• 22:52
  She needed to comb her hair. What happens if for some strange
• 22:55
  reason situation there is no comb and she's nothing she can
• 22:59
  do, So she can't get a hold of a comb.
• 23:01
  So then I spoke her a pesson. But I think it's, I think it's
• 23:05
  clear that it depends on the situation.
• 23:09
  If her hair is not knotted and she can check it very, she can,
• 23:13
  you know, she washes it and checks it very well with her
• 23:15
  fingers and can separate and use her fingers as a comb so that
• 23:19
  that works when when absolutely necessary.