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The 1959 Stanleyville Riots: Congo's Pre-Independence Firestorm
In January 1959, a peaceful political rally in Stanleyville (modern-day Kisangani) spiraled into a violent confrontation with the colonial state, leaving an estimated 30 to 500 dead and triggering a chain of events that led directly to Congolese independence eighteen months later. This episode walks through the day itself — how a banned meeting of the Mouvement National Congolais turned into a riot, the subsequent massacre by the Force Publique and the civilian guard known as the 'garde indigène', and the botched official inquiry that blamed African 'hooligans' while white…
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