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1 Chronicles 19 - The Ammonites Humiliate the Hebrew Ambassadors · The Bible Explained with Jenn Kokal

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  Speaker 1: Well, hello, they're faithful listeners and welcome to the Bible
• 0:02
  Speaker 1: Explain podcast and happy September. Today we're going to discuss
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  Speaker 1: First Chronicles nineteen, the entire chapter and see how the
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  Speaker 1: Ammonites insult the Israelites so badly that the Israelites are
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  Speaker 1: almost forced to go to war with them. Stay tuned
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  Speaker 1: for that discussion. So I hope you guys had a
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  Speaker 1: lovely Labor Day. I actually did not labor on Labor
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  Speaker 1: Day like I thought I would. I labored the day before.
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  Speaker 1: Labor Day is like my yearly day of going outside
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  Speaker 1: and working on my property for some reason, because I
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  Speaker 1: feel like the weather is just a lot cooler, and
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  Speaker 1: there's things that I can do on Labor Day that
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  Speaker 1: I can't do in the heat of the summer. But
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  Speaker 1: I did not do that this Labor Day. I did
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  Speaker 1: that the day before. On Labor Day, I went to
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  Speaker 1: the fair with my mom and that was a ton
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  Speaker 1: of fun. We went to see the rodeo at my
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  Speaker 1: local fair and that was a blast. So I hope
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  Speaker 1: you guys had a wonderful Labor Day as well, and
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  Speaker 1: tell me what you were able to do on this
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  Speaker 1: Labor Day. You can contact me My email is listed
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  Speaker 1: in the description of this episode, but for now, let's
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  Speaker 1: go ahead and read First Chronicles nineteen the entire thing.
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  Speaker 1: I've got my cup of coffee right here with me,
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  Speaker 1: and I hope you guys have one as well to
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  Speaker 1: share with me. As we read this chapter. As usual,
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  Speaker 1: I'll be reading from the web, but feel free to
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  Speaker 1: read from the version that you prefer. This morning. Once again,
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  Speaker 1: this is First Chronicles nineteen. After this, Nahash, the king
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  Speaker 1: of the children of Ammon, died, and his son reigned
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  Speaker 1: in his place. David said, I will show kindness to Hanoon,
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  Speaker 1: the son of Nahash, because his father showed kindness to me.
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  Speaker 1: So David sent messengers to comfort him concerning his father.
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  Speaker 1: David's servants came into the land of the Children of
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  Speaker 1: Ammon to Hanoon to comfort him. But the princes of
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  Speaker 1: the children of Ammon said to Hanoon, do you think
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  Speaker 1: that David honors your father and that he has sent
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  Speaker 1: comforters to you. Haven't his servants come to you to search,
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  Speaker 1: to overthrow and spy out the land. So Hanoun took
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  Speaker 1: David's servants, shaved them, and cut off their garments in
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  Speaker 1: the middle at their buttocks, and sent them away. Then
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  Speaker 1: some people went and told David how the men were treated.
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  Speaker 1: He sent to meet them. For the men were greatly humiliated.
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  Speaker 1: The king said, stay at Jericho until your beards have grown,
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  Speaker 1: and then return. When the children of Ammon saw that
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  Speaker 1: they had made themselves odious to David, Hanun and the
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  Speaker 1: children of Amon sent one thousand talons of silver to
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  Speaker 1: hire chariots and horsemen out of Mesopotamia, out of Aram Maka,
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  Speaker 1: and out of Zoba. So they hired for themselves thirty
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  Speaker 1: two thousand chariots, and the king of Maca with his people,
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  Speaker 1: who came and encamped near Medeva. The children of Amon
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  Speaker 1: gathered themselves together from their cities and came to battle.
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  Speaker 1: When David heard of it, he sent Joab with all
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  Speaker 1: the army of the mighty men. The children of Amon
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  Speaker 1: came out and put the battle in array at the
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  Speaker 1: gate of the city, and the kings who had come
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  Speaker 1: were by themselves in the field. Now, when Joab saw
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  Speaker 1: that the battle was set against him before and behind,
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  Speaker 1: he chose some of all the choice men of Israel
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  Speaker 1: and put them in a ray against the Syrians. The
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  Speaker 1: rest of the people he committed into the hand of
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  Speaker 1: Abishai his brother, and they put themselves in a ray
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  Speaker 1: against the children of Amen. He said, if the Syrians
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  Speaker 1: are too strong for me, then you are to help me.
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  Speaker 1: But if the children of Amin are too strong for you,
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  Speaker 1: then I will help you. Be courageous, and let's be
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  Speaker 1: strong for our people and for the cities of our God.
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  Speaker 1: May Yahweh do that which seems good to him. So
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  Speaker 1: Joab and all the people who are with him came
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  Speaker 1: near to the front of the Syrians to the battle,
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  Speaker 1: and they fled before him. When the children of Amin
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  Speaker 1: saw that the Syrians had fled, they likewise fled before
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  Speaker 1: Abishai his brother, and entered into the city. Then Joab
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  Speaker 1: came to Jerusalem. When the Syrians saw that they were
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  Speaker 1: defeated by Israel, they sent messengers and called out the
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  Speaker 1: Syrians who were beyond the river, with Shopak, the captain
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  Speaker 1: of the army of Hadadezer, leading them. David was told that,
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  Speaker 1: so he gathered all Israel together, passed over the Jordan,
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  Speaker 1: came to them, and set the battle in array against them. So,
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  Speaker 1: when David had put the battle in array against the Syrians,
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  Speaker 1: they fought with him. The Syrians fled before Israel, and
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  Speaker 1: David killed of the Syrian men seven thousand charioteers and
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  Speaker 1: forty thousand footmen, and also killed Shopak, the captain of
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  Speaker 1: the army. When the servants of Hadadezer saw that they
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  Speaker 1: were defeated by Israel, they made peace with David and
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  Speaker 1: served him. The Syrians would not help the children of
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  Speaker 1: Ammon anymore. Okay, So it says here in verse one
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  Speaker 1: that na Hash, the king of the children of Amin, died,
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  Speaker 1: and his son reigned in his place. Now, the last
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  Speaker 1: time we saw Nahsh, the king of Amin. That was
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  Speaker 1: all the way back in First Samuel chapter eleven, even
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  Speaker 1: before Saul had become king. If he turned First Samuel
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  Speaker 1: eleven and read verses one and two, here's what na
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  Speaker 1: Hash the Ammonite does. It says na Hash the Ammonites
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  Speaker 1: came up and encamped against Jebesh Gilead, and all the
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  Speaker 1: men of Jibesh said to na Hash, make a covenant
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  Speaker 1: with us, and we will serve you. Nay Hash the
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  Speaker 1: Ama said to them, on this condition, I will make
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  Speaker 1: it with you that all your right eyes be gouged out.
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  Speaker 1: I will make this dishonor all Israel. So nay Hash
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  Speaker 1: doesn't seem like a very nice guy based upon those
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  Speaker 1: two verses, because he actually tries to fight against Israel.
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  Speaker 1: He comes up against Jibesh Gilead, which is one of
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  Speaker 1: the cities of Israel, and he tells all the men,
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  Speaker 1: you're gonna serve me, and I'm also going to gouge
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  Speaker 1: out your right eyes, and I'm going to dishonor all
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  Speaker 1: of Israel by doing this. And what's really crazy about
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  Speaker 1: this is that Saul actually becomes the king because of
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  Speaker 1: this battle, because Israel was terrified of na Hash the Ammonite.
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  Speaker 1: So Saul goes out and defeats nay Hash the Ammonite,
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  Speaker 1: and that was what put Saul on the road to
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  Speaker 1: becoming the King of Israel, the first king of Israel.
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  Speaker 1: But na Hash and David kind of seem like they're
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  Speaker 1: on okay terms because if he turned to our passage today,
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  Speaker 1: it says in verse two that after na Hash died
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  Speaker 1: that David says, I will show kindness to Hanun, the
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  Speaker 1: son of na Hash, because his father showed kindness to me.
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  Speaker 1: So nay Hash and David may not have been friends,
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  Speaker 1: but they were at least on friendly terms. And I
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  Speaker 1: don't know why exactly. It could be that Nahsh was
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  Speaker 1: pretty humbled after his defeat against King Saul. Or it
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  Speaker 1: could be then nay Hash hated Saul so much that
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  Speaker 1: he actually supported the reign of David in some way,
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  Speaker 1: shape or form. But another theory is that David was
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  Speaker 1: friends with one of Nahash's sons, because if he turned
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  Speaker 1: to Tewod Samuel, chapter seventeen, when David was actually running
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  Speaker 1: from his son Absalom, you remember that entire story. Well,
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  Speaker 1: David was fleeing from Absalom, and a bunch of David's
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  Speaker 1: friends came and supported him by bringing food and beds
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  Speaker 1: and basins and all the stuff that David would have needed.
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  Speaker 1: And here's one of the names that Second Samuel seventeen mentions.
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  Speaker 1: It says, when David had come to Mahonium Shoby, the
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  Speaker 1: son of Nahsh of Raba, of the children of Ammon,
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  Speaker 1: and Mkhir, the son of a Meal of Lodebar and Barzilia,
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  Speaker 1: the Gileadites of Rogalum brought beds, basins, earthen vessels, wheat,
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  Speaker 1: barley meal, parched grain, beans, lentils, roasted grain, honey, butter, sheep,
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  Speaker 1: and cheese of the herd for David and for the
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  Speaker 1: people who are with him to eat, for they said,
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  Speaker 1: the people are hungry, weary, and thirsty in the wilderness.
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  Speaker 1: So it sounds like David was on friendly terms with
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  Speaker 1: one of Nahash's sons, who happen to be named Shoby,
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  Speaker 1: because Shoby supports David after Absalom kind of flies off
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  Speaker 1: the handle. So David in some way was friends with
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  Speaker 1: nay Hash, or at least one of nay Hash's sons.
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  Speaker 1: So David assumes that after Nahsh dies, he's going to
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  Speaker 1: be on friendly terms with Hanoon, the son of Nahsh,
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  Speaker 1: not Shoby, who had supported David after the whole thing
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  Speaker 1: with Absalom, but another of Nahash's sons named Hanoon, and
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  Speaker 1: Hanoon now is the new king of Amen. So it
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  Speaker 1: says David sent messengers to comfort Hanun concerning his father.
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  Speaker 1: David's servants came into the land of the children of
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  Speaker 1: Amen to Hanuon to comfort him. But the princes of
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  Speaker 1: the children of Amine said to Hanun, do you think
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  Speaker 1: that David honors your father and that he has sent
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  Speaker 1: comforters to you? Havn his servants come to you to search,
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  Speaker 1: to overthrow and to spy out the land. So basically, Hannoon,
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  Speaker 1: who is still mourning over the death of his father,
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  Speaker 1: who has become the brand new king of Amin, has
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  Speaker 1: some very terrible advisers advising him. Because these advisers say
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  Speaker 1: to Hanoun, They're like, you really think David is here
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  Speaker 1: to honor you, to comfort you with these ambassadors of Israel.
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  Speaker 1: He's like, these ambassadors are probably here to take advantage
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  Speaker 1: of you because they think that since your father died,
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  Speaker 1: you're weak, and that they're going to come into the
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  Speaker 1: city and spy it out and spy out the land
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  Speaker 1: so that David can come and expand his borders and
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  Speaker 1: take the entire land of Amine. And Hanoon listens to
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  Speaker 1: these terrible advisors, he jumps the gun. He kidnaps the
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  Speaker 1: Hebrew ambassadors and it says here that Henoon shaved them,
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  Speaker 1: meaning shaved their beards and cut off their garments in
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  Speaker 1: the middle at their buttocks and sent them away. Now,
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  Speaker 1: this is probably the most humiliating thing that could have
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  Speaker 1: happened to these poor men, because back in these days,
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  Speaker 1: well not only is nakedness extremely shameful and embarrassing, but
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  Speaker 1: also cutting off the beard was extremely shameful. This would
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  Speaker 1: be very similar to, you know, a woman having very
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  Speaker 1: beautiful long hair and somebody just shaving it off just
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  Speaker 1: to humili ate that woman. And we also learn from
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  Speaker 1: Second Samuel chapter ten, with the retelling of this story,
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  Speaker 1: that Hannoon didn't shave the entire beard, but actually shaved
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  Speaker 1: half of it. That would be like shaving off half
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  Speaker 1: of a woman's hair. Like It's incredibly embarrassing and shameful,
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  Speaker 1: especially because beards meant something back in these days. It
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  Speaker 1: meant that you were an honorable man if you had
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  Speaker 1: a very long beard. So for Hanoon to cut off
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  Speaker 1: half that beard, that was to show great dishonor to
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  Speaker 1: these men. And then on top of that, he cuts
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  Speaker 1: off their garments in the middle at their buttocks, so
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  Speaker 1: that their entire privates are exposed to the people. And
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  Speaker 1: this was also a humiliation because the Hebrews were notoriously
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  Speaker 1: circumcised as compared to the Ammonites and the rest of
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  Speaker 1: the nations of the world who did not circumcise their men.
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  Speaker 1: So they were making fun of the fact that these
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  Speaker 1: men were circumcised as well. And then Une sends them
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  Speaker 1: on their way back to Israel, and you can imagine
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  Speaker 1: this is like a declaration of war. You know, like
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  Speaker 1: if somebody were to do that to our ambassadors nowadays,
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  Speaker 1: like if your country was trying to make peace with
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  Speaker 1: another country sent some ambassadors and the king or the
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  Speaker 1: prime minister, whoever's in charge, humiliated the ambassadors in that way,
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  Speaker 1: you know that that would be a declaration of war.
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  Speaker 1: And that is how David takes it, because David learns
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  Speaker 1: that these men were greatly humiliated, so he goes to
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  Speaker 1: meet them and he says, stay at Jericho until your
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  Speaker 1: beards have grown out, then return. So David gives them
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  Speaker 1: a lot of time off. He's like, I know, this
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  Speaker 1: is a great humiliation to you, so stay here in
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  Speaker 1: this city Jericho, until your beards have grown. Then you
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  Speaker 1: can come and work for me once again. And it
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  Speaker 1: says here in verse six that when the children of
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  Speaker 1: Ammen saw that, they made themselves odious to David, so
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  Speaker 1: they knew what they did. You know, They're like, yeah,
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  Speaker 1: we kind of messed up here. We definitely declared war
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  Speaker 1: on David, and they start freaking out. It says Hanoon
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  Speaker 1: sent one thousand talents of silver to hire chariots and
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  Speaker 1: horsemen out of Mesopotamia, out of Ara, Maka and out
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  Speaker 1: of Zoba, so this would have been the region of Syria.
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  Speaker 1: And of course this was a very common thing to do,
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  Speaker 1: especially since the land of Ammin did not have enough
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  Speaker 1: men to go up against Israel and fight, so they
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  Speaker 1: hired out some mercenaries and some kings that would be
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  Speaker 1: willing to help them in battle. And it happened in
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  Speaker 1: this case to be the Syrians, who already hated the
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  Speaker 1: Israelites anyway. So it says that when David heard of it,
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  Speaker 1: he sent joe Ab and all the army of the
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  Speaker 1: Mighty Men to fight them. And for some reason, David
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  Speaker 1: did not go to this battle, which I think that
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  Speaker 1: was actually wrong on David's part. David should have been there,
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  Speaker 1: because we find out that David got into a lot
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  Speaker 1: of trouble by staying home when his men were out
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  Speaker 1: in battle. David kind of got complacent, unfortunately, and allowed Joeab,
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  Speaker 1: his commander, to do a lot of the fighting for Israel,
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  Speaker 1: which shouldn't have happened. So joe Ab and Joab's brother
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  Speaker 1: Abishai are now leading the charge against the Syrians and
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  Speaker 1: the Ammonites, and the Syrians and the Ammonites surrounded the
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  Speaker 1: Israelites somehow, and joe Ab, instead of retreating or waving
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  Speaker 1: the white flag, he becomes even more determined to fight
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  Speaker 1: these people. Here's what it says in verse ten. When
• 13:34
  Speaker 1: Joeab saw that the battle was set against him and
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  Speaker 1: before him, he chose some of all of the choice
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  Speaker 1: men of Israel and put them in a array against
• 13:42
  Speaker 1: the Syrians. The rest of the people he committed into
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  Speaker 1: the hand of Abishai, his brother, and they put themselves
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  Speaker 1: in a ray against the children of Ammin. So he
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  Speaker 1: set two formations. He and the mighty men of Israel
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  Speaker 1: decide to fight the Syrians, and he puts Abishai, his brother,
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  Speaker 1: in charge of all the rest of the men of
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  Speaker 1: Israel to fight the Ammonites. And he says to his brother,
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  Speaker 1: if the Syrians are too strong for me, then you
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  Speaker 1: are to help me. But if the children of Amin
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  Speaker 1: are too strong for you, then I will come and
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  Speaker 1: help you. So in other words, I've got your back
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  Speaker 1: and you've got my back. And then he gives a
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  Speaker 1: pep talk to the rest of the men who are here.
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  Speaker 1: He says, be courageous, and let's be strong for our
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  Speaker 1: people and for the cities of our God. May Yahweh
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  Speaker 1: do that which seems good to him. And you know,
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  Speaker 1: that's why David should have been here. He was the
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  Speaker 1: leader of all of Israel, and he was also a
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  Speaker 1: mighty king and a warrior. He should have been in
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  Speaker 1: this battle, but he unfortunately was not, and so Joeab
• 14:39
  Speaker 1: was left with giving the pep talks and making the
• 14:42
  Speaker 1: bad of formations and all the stuff. So Joab tells
• 14:45
  Speaker 1: all of Israel be courageous, and let's be strong for
• 14:48
  Speaker 1: our people and for the cities of our God. May
• 14:51
  Speaker 1: Yahweh do that which seems good to him. So he
• 14:55
  Speaker 1: commands his people to be courageous. And that's the thing.
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  Speaker 1: You know. I think some people think that courage is
• 15:02
  Speaker 1: something that is built into people, like either you're courageous
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  Speaker 1: or you're not, but that's actually not true. Several times
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  Speaker 1: in scripture, God commands us to be courageous, be strong
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  Speaker 1: in the Lord. And even Joab right here has to
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  Speaker 1: command these men, who you would think are more courageous
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  Speaker 1: than the average person. He has to command them to
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  Speaker 1: be courageous because courage truly is an action. But he
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  Speaker 1: doesn't just command the people to be courageous with no
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  Speaker 1: hope whatsoever. He reminds them that Yahweh is with them.
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  Speaker 1: He says, let's be strong for our people and for
• 15:37
  Speaker 1: the cities of our God. May Yahweh do that which
• 15:41
  Speaker 1: seems good to him. So he tells his men, Yahweh
• 15:43
  Speaker 1: is with us, Let's be strong for him, Let's be
• 15:46
  Speaker 1: strong for our families, Let's be strong for Israel, and
• 15:50
  Speaker 1: let's trust in Yahweh to do his will. He's been
• 15:54
  Speaker 1: with us before in battle, and he's going to be
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  Speaker 1: with us now. And you can tell here that because
• 15:59
  Speaker 1: Joeb had to give this pep talk, that things actually
• 16:02
  Speaker 1: might have seemed very dire in this situation. Being surrounded
• 16:06
  Speaker 1: by two enemy forces was probably very scary for these men.
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  Speaker 1: The fact that they needed a pep talk, the fact
• 16:14
  Speaker 1: that Joeb felt that he had to give this pep
• 16:16
  Speaker 1: talk and command his men to be courageous that they
• 16:19
  Speaker 1: might die, that shows how scary the situation probably was
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  Speaker 1: for Joeab and the rest of the Israelite warriors. But
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  Speaker 1: the fact was God was indeed there, it says in
• 16:32
  Speaker 1: verse fourteen. So Joab and the people who are with
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  Speaker 1: him came near to the front of the Syrians to
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  Speaker 1: the battle, and they fled before him. When the children
• 16:41
  Speaker 1: of Ammon saw that the Syrians had fled, they likewise
• 16:44
  Speaker 1: fled before Abishai his brother, and entered into the city.
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  Speaker 1: Then Joab came to Jerusalem. So just like that, the
• 16:52
  Speaker 1: Israelites win the battle, and it doesn't even say that
• 16:55
  Speaker 1: people died. It doesn't say that any battle took place whatsoever,
• 17:00
  Speaker 1: just that the Syrians became absolutely terrified of the Israelites
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  Speaker 1: for some reason. And then when the Ammonites saw that
• 17:08
  Speaker 1: the Syrians who they hired to help them had fled,
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  Speaker 1: that caused them to be absolutely terrified and flee as well.
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  Speaker 1: And we don't know that any battle actually took place.
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  Speaker 1: And this is because God put the fear of Israel
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  Speaker 1: in all of the surrounding nations, and that is something
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  Speaker 1: God promised David that he would do. That God would
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  Speaker 1: fight for David and fight for Israel, and that David
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  Speaker 1: would become a great king. So it says that Joab,
• 17:36
  Speaker 1: instead of pursuing these men, came back to Jerusalem. And
• 17:40
  Speaker 1: that's kind of important to note because in the next chapter,
• 17:44
  Speaker 1: Joab is in fact going to pursue the Ammonite specifically,
• 17:49
  Speaker 1: and that's actually when David gets into a lot of
• 17:51
  Speaker 1: trouble at home with Bathsheba, but we'll talk about that
• 17:54
  Speaker 1: in the next chapter. But to conclude, in verse sixteen,
• 17:57
  Speaker 1: it says that when the Syrians saw that they were
• 17:59
  Speaker 1: defeated by Israel, they sent messengers and called out to
• 18:02
  Speaker 1: the Syrians who are beyond the river or in other words,
• 18:06
  Speaker 1: on the other side of the Jordan River, with Shopak
• 18:09
  Speaker 1: the captain of the army of had a Daser leading them.
• 18:13
  Speaker 1: In the last chapter, we saw that King David had
• 18:15
  Speaker 1: defeated had a Daser, the king of Syria. And I
• 18:18
  Speaker 1: don't know if had A Daser had died or if
• 18:22
  Speaker 1: had A Daser was still alive telling his commander to
• 18:25
  Speaker 1: go and fight against the Israelites once again. But either way,
• 18:28
  Speaker 1: this commander of had a Daser is leading the army,
• 18:32
  Speaker 1: and David was told about this, so he gathered all
• 18:36
  Speaker 1: israel together, passed over the Jordan, came to them, and
• 18:39
  Speaker 1: set the battle in array against them. So now finally
• 18:42
  Speaker 1: David is going to battle instead of just pinning everything
• 18:45
  Speaker 1: on Joe Ab. David does go out to this particular battle,
• 18:48
  Speaker 1: and it says that David put the battle in a
• 18:50
  Speaker 1: ray against the Syrians and fought with them, and the
• 18:54
  Speaker 1: Syrians fled before Israel. So what's happening here is that
• 18:57
  Speaker 1: when the Syrians had this defeat against Joeab in the
• 19:01
  Speaker 1: previous paragraph, they go back home and start mobilizing all
• 19:06
  Speaker 1: of Syria against the Israelites, hoping to defeat them, because
• 19:10
  Speaker 1: the Israelites were the most powerful nation at this period
• 19:14
  Speaker 1: of time, and I think the Syrians were trying to
• 19:17
  Speaker 1: correct that, I suppose on their part, making themselves the
• 19:21
  Speaker 1: most powerful nation once again. But that doesn't end up happening,
• 19:25
  Speaker 1: and Israel completely defeats them. So it says here that
• 19:28
  Speaker 1: the Syrians make a peace treaty with the Israelites. It
• 19:33
  Speaker 1: says that the Syrians promise that they will not help
• 19:35
  Speaker 1: the children of Amin any more, and that bodes well,
• 19:39
  Speaker 1: I suppose for Israel because in the next chapter, that
• 19:43
  Speaker 1: is when Joeab goes up against the Ammonite city. And
• 19:47
  Speaker 1: you might be like, well, why didn't joe Ab just
• 19:48
  Speaker 1: do it now? Well, a lot of times the kings
• 19:50
  Speaker 1: would not fight during the winter because the conditions would
• 19:53
  Speaker 1: not be good for fighting. So the kings and their
• 19:56
  Speaker 1: men would take time off at home, then go up
• 19:59
  Speaker 1: to battle once again in the spring. When conditions were
• 20:02
  Speaker 1: a little less harsh, if that makes sense, and also
• 20:05
  Speaker 1: when there'd be more food available, because obviously in the winter,
• 20:09
  Speaker 1: things don't grow as well, so there'd be less food,
• 20:12
  Speaker 1: and that was probably a consideration as to why the
• 20:15
  Speaker 1: kings did not go out to battle in the winter.
• 20:18
  Speaker 1: So we'll talk about all of that in the next chapter,
• 20:20
  Speaker 1: and I hope you guys join me for that. But
• 20:22
  Speaker 1: faithful listeners, if you would like to learn more about
• 20:25
  Speaker 1: this podcast and what P forty Ministries does, then please
• 20:28
  Speaker 1: go to the description and check out all of the links.
• 20:31
  Speaker 1: And also if you'd like to support this ministry, you
• 20:33
  Speaker 1: can go to my coffee page which is also linked
• 20:35
  Speaker 1: in the description, or you can check out the merch
• 20:39
  Speaker 1: shop and get yourself a really really awesome T shirt
• 20:42
  Speaker 1: because my t shirts I think are top notch and
• 20:45
  Speaker 1: I think if you get one, you're going to enjoy
• 20:47
  Speaker 1: it a lot. But faithful listeners, have a lovely rest
• 20:50
  Speaker 1: of your day. As always, happy listening, and God bless bag.