Latest / SHULCHAN ARUCH YOMI: Own the Halacha in 25 minutes a day! / Yoreh De’ah 251:9-14. Tzedakah: Hierarchy Who To Give To; Saving Lives Is #1

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Yoreh De’ah 251:9-14. Tzedakah: Hierarchy Who To Give To; Saving Lives Is #1 · SHULCHAN ARUCH YOMI: Own the Halacha in 25 minutes a day!

• 0:00
  OK, hulka sedaka raish nun olive Saif tet.
• 0:05
  All right, so again, part of the whole recipe of hierarchy tet
• 0:11
  ayula Ferneno Anime Harbor. You have a lot of anime in front
• 0:15
  of you. That's unfortunately the aim.
• 0:18
  Bekis lafarnes, olahasot, olifdod ET kulam, if you don't
• 0:23
  have enough to give money for everyone to clothe everyone and
• 0:28
  to redeem everyone. Pigeon shui, obviously each
• 0:31
  category, you know, pigeon shui and we're going to see is the
• 0:34
  top category, but everyone's on the same level.
• 0:37
  It's just a number of people. So that's what we're dealing
• 0:40
  with. So for each category, you have a
• 0:42
  lot of people to choose from. Whatever the situation comes
• 0:46
  mugged. So what's the order of who takes
• 0:48
  precedence? Who do you if everyone's hungry,
• 0:51
  who do you feed first? If everyone needs clothing, who
• 0:55
  do you clothe first? And the same Epigeon megadimi
• 1:00
  and Hakohein the Levi. So Cohen, we know there's a
• 1:03
  mitzvah of Akidashto Atari gives them a special status.
• 1:07
  So Cohen verse comes before a Levi.
• 1:11
  And certainly those who come later on on on the list.
• 1:15
  Yeah, Levi le Israel and the lady also it also he also has
• 1:20
  some higher status of the lady's second and he's press takes
• 1:25
  precedence over a regular USRL. OK, that Yusrael the Khalao and
• 1:31
  Yusrael takes precedence over a Khalao, right.
• 1:35
  What are the soleim of for that come out of Kahuna?
• 1:39
  OK we are halal ishtuki and the halal takes precedence over
• 1:45
  ishtuki. We don't know who the father is.
• 1:47
  The ashtuki la Sufi and fatherless comes before and a
• 1:52
  Sufi you don't know either parents.
• 1:54
  We have Sufi little moms there, but they also come take
• 1:58
  precedence before a moms there where you know the parents come
• 2:01
  from an illicit relationship. We have mamzer le Natin and then
• 2:07
  mamzer comes before the Natin. That's the category of those who
• 2:11
  come from the Gibonim. They converted all together
• 2:16
  thousands of years ago in time of the show up.
• 2:19
  OK, we have Natin Laguerre and now this is your modern gear.
• 2:23
  Gear Sedek is totally a righteous convert keeps all the
• 2:28
  mitzvos but the Nateen the whole process wasn't 100% kosher and
• 2:32
  honest, but they're also Garrett Sedak at the end of the day and
• 2:36
  they have their long term lineages status as opposed to
• 2:40
  the fresh gear the Hagar la Evid Meshukwar and proper Garrett
• 2:46
  Sedak a regular convert to converts comes Jewish takes upon
• 2:50
  all the mitzvahs takes precedence over this and Evid
• 2:55
  Meshukwar. This is also he's 100% like a
• 2:59
  Jew now he's higher than all the mitzvos, but he became an he was
• 3:04
  a non Jew. He converted not to become a
• 3:07
  regular Jew, became converted to become like AI don't know 2/3 of
• 3:12
  a Jew, a slave, but he's also higher than mitzvot.
• 3:16
  He's also a Jew. So that's obviously lower and
• 3:20
  and he has his master to take care of him.
• 3:21
  But now we're talking about an Evan Monsieur Hoare.
• 3:24
  So now he's free and when he becomes free, he's the same
• 3:27
  status of A use of a Israel in most ways.
• 3:33
  But he but he does he and an avid Kanani avid is under the
• 3:38
  category of cursed. I were OK, but now he is a Jew.
• 3:43
  So he's live in all the mitzvahs like a regular Jew.
• 3:46
  He's not an avid Lahalaka anymore, but that is his
• 3:49
  background and that does affect his status in some ways, like
• 3:53
  the here the order of getting sadaqa bahmed, varuma muriam.
• 3:58
  Now when do we say that you look at Yuklas basically?
• 4:04
  I mean, it's more some of these things are not certain soleum
• 4:07
  and whatever, but when do we look at this hierarchy?
• 4:12
  That's if you're equal, Bahama. Let's keep reading about you, My
• 4:15
  young mom's bizman. Shame Shaveen Bahama.
• 4:18
  They learn Torah, they're mitzvos, kule aval EI mamzer,
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  Talmud hakam. But if you have this mamzer, he
• 4:26
  was born as a mamzer. What can he do?
• 4:28
  But now he's a Talmud hakam. He made something out of his
• 4:31
  life and he he learns, he knows, so he takes precedence over
• 4:39
  coengatal amaharets. Even if you're the coengatal
• 4:43
  right, the highest Coen in the land, you still if he's an
• 4:48
  amaharets means he's not so learned.
• 4:50
  So then you are he comes. So then the the Tamahasham takes
• 4:55
  precedence, right Moms there tell me Momser tell me the Hakam
• 5:01
  call them. So if you have a that's the so
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  then the momser tell me Hakam takes precedence because what
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  matters more is what you make of yourself as being a Talmud Hakam
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  and the shock just points out Lav dafka amamish Almaaritz.
• 5:18
  Even if one they both learn, but the level of how much they learn
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  the quality of they learn the year at shaman when they learn
• 5:27
  doesn't compare. So then that will take
• 5:29
  precedence even though they both learn.
• 5:32
  Yeah, I really love dafka amar'ez Allah sheno shava
• 5:34
  bechamala Israel haga vafilu hakam le chasot the ALM aarit la
• 5:42
  kayote. Sorry.
• 5:45
  So the first thing is the Rama says you have a hakam who needs
• 5:50
  clothing and a amma arts who's starving.
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  So who takes precedence? Talmud hakam takes precedence
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  for clothing over a amma arts. However, the shock points out
• 6:04
  that that doesn't apply nowadays.
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  That's like the pure halacha, but Lamaisa, he says you give it
• 6:10
  to the starving Amma arts because our talmide hakamim
• 6:15
  nowadays are not the same level of seriousness in Bittelsmann as
• 6:21
  they used to be. We give to the starving Amar.
• 6:24
  It's first. If you think he's going to die,
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  then I'm I'm pretty sure even the pure halakha is Hetzalas
• 6:34
  Nafashos will come before and and we're going to get to that
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  in a moment that for sure. If he's starving and you might
• 6:40
  die, everyone would agree that come Hetzalas Nafashos already
• 6:44
  is takes precedence. Let's keep reading.
• 6:47
  Well, you'll see. Well, when we get there, we're
• 6:49
  going to get there at the end of the Simon.
• 6:51
  It'll be finished. Oh, so Asius haverka haver.
• 6:54
  So a wife of the the rabbitson a wife also has the same status as
• 6:59
  her husband. She gets that same level, right?
• 7:02
  Behind every great man is a greater woman, right.
• 7:06
  OK, Nicole Hagado de Hochma, Kodem Le Haviero and whoever.
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  So whoever's greater in Hochma, they come before their friend.
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  And that's exactly how you define that.
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  We'll leave that open. The IM haya ekhad mahim rabo O
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  Aviv alphabisha ghado Mahama rabo O Aviv kodem lazar Shu gado
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  MI menu, right? The one giving the charity.
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  So who gets first? His father or his rabbi?
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  They get first. Even though the Ptolemy, the
• 7:43
  Khakham, there is another, is greater.
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  You still give to your Rebbe and your father first.
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  You heard me shabba, the almar Hakiluni guys, someone comes up
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  to you and says please give me some food, I'm starving.
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  Aim bodkin al kharab. You don't start looking for
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  witnesses doing a background check.
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  You give them something to eat of the IMHO ramai.
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  One second. Aim bodkin al kharab IMHO Ramai,
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  if because you might be a crook, a liar, you might really have
• 8:14
  his coat. You open it up and you shake it
• 8:17
  and there's gold coins rolling down.
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  We don't check, Ella Machlina told Miyad.
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  We give him food right away because we don't want to take a
• 8:26
  chance that he maybe he will perish in starvation.
• 8:30
  Yeah, a room, But if he's missing clothing, Ubavi Almar
• 8:37
  Kisuni. But if he wants clothing, Boat
• 8:39
  King Akharavi Muramaya. So generally you're not going to
• 8:42
  die on the spot if you're a little cold.
• 8:44
  So therefore we check after him before you give him, maybe a
• 8:48
  tiny bit you give him. OK, we'll leave that.
• 8:51
  The Imuramaya, the Imakirinoto Mechasinoto Mia.
• 8:54
  But if you know that the guy really doesn't have any money
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  and he really is lacking basic, basic necessities, basic
• 9:02
  clothing, then you give him right away.
• 9:06
  Or Moshi Askar mentioned that he runs an Sedaka organization and
• 9:12
  when he raised Rav Mordechai Eliyo, that's all Paskin that if
• 9:17
  someone says I don't have a heater and it's freezing and I
• 9:20
  need it, so then you also it's on the same level of food.
• 9:24
  You don't ask, you don't, well, you don't do a a serious
• 9:28
  background check to waste time. Obviously there's a little more
• 9:31
  time involved. Again, all these cases are
• 9:34
  general principles, but in general, the the stock was you
• 9:40
  give them food, right? You you give them money so they
• 9:43
  can buy or you give them the actual unit.
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  Maybe you give them the unit. I don't know what they only gave
• 9:51
  units, right, because you don't know what people actually do
• 9:53
  with their money. So whatever.
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  So you give them a unit so that they have a heater.
• 9:57
  It also depends, you know, on the climate time a year of a
• 9:59
  cool aid. OK, you'd olive Rebi Shahaya
• 10:02
  mittstayer Rebi was it felt very bad.
• 10:06
  Shinata and pito la AMA arts because there was a time when he
• 10:10
  gave food to an AMA arts Mishum dahavi shani mitsarat.
• 10:15
  It was years of drought. Omar shahaya oka ama arts.
• 10:20
  Yes, and whatever he gave to that AMA arts, he realized
• 10:24
  that's going to be lacking for a Talmud hakam.
• 10:27
  And they're both starving. I love Hakhi Kayaba Kyoto.
• 10:30
  Now if you didn't have two people then obviously for sure
• 10:33
  you have to give the almarats, but here you only had money for
• 10:36
  food for one aval. I am Balafanenu Medvirov Hayava
• 10:41
  Kyoto. But if someone comes to you
• 10:42
  starving and right, they might die due to starvation, so you
• 10:47
  have to give them right away. Alpha P, she was Suffolk in,
• 10:54
  even though you know that if you wait, I don't know, a certain
• 10:58
  amount of time, not much. And a Talmud Hakam might also
• 11:02
  there's a Suffolk, there might be a Talmud hakam who's going to
• 11:04
  need from you also Suffolk. So he writes, I don't know if
• 11:10
  there's a time period, OK, but I guess if you know vadai and you
• 11:16
  can get to him in time. But if it's a Suffolk Talmud
• 11:20
  hakam and a Vadai amarit, so then certainly the Amarit comes
• 11:25
  first. OK, Yeah.
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  I think we tell us Natasha's will come first.
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  Shinei aniim, shahaivim litaine staca.
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  You have two aniim in front of you.
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  You have to give them sedaka, Yahoo.
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  They both have to give sedaka. That's their obligation in life,
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  for everyone has an obligation. So but they're both aniim and
• 11:43
  they both need sedaka. So what can they do?
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  Yahoo Co ekhon maham litaine staca Shiloh la cabero.
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  Each one can give a portion of money to the other one.
• 11:54
  Basically, they're trading Sedaka, and since they're both
• 11:57
  anime and they don't have extra, they they're yose, the mitzvah
• 12:01
  of siddhaka. Yeah, similar to Mishawaka.
• 12:04
  No, it's Haga. But there is a caveat to this
• 12:08
  with a little humorous, but that makes sense.
• 12:10
  With dafka siddhaka. When can you swap?
• 12:13
  You can swap siddhaka but not a qanas here.
• 12:17
  Avaim Khairim Kolahad qanas, it's Takasha Avril, Azid Davar.
• 12:21
  If that's seabor, I don't know the other people in charge, the
• 12:25
  Tuvia ear, whatever the the government, they giving them a
• 12:29
  qanas for a certain reason. And the qanas is give the money
• 12:35
  to the poor people. But the point is they need to
• 12:38
  lose money to learn from their mistake, to learn from their
• 12:42
  misbehavior. They're supposed to get a
• 12:44
  punishment, so in this category, even though they let them give
• 12:47
  it to Sedaka as opposed to giving it to the authorities or
• 12:50
  whatever, then they can't just swap the canas to each other
• 12:59
  even though they're both poor. The Incan Incan canas, because
• 13:02
  otherwise there's no canas at all, made a whole joke out of
• 13:04
  the whole canas. OK, next case Seaborg
• 13:10
  Shitsrikhim Liskor Rav ushaliak Seaborg.
• 13:14
  Now the bait Knesset that seaborg they need to hire a Rav
• 13:18
  to you know, teach them halakha, the opposek I don't know,
• 13:22
  encourage them whatever it is. And they also want a shaliak
• 13:26
  Seaborg to be mostly them in Fila.
• 13:29
  So the, the Arkashoka and some of the post can point out that
• 13:36
  this halacha doesn't so much apply nowadays because our
• 13:39
  Shalia Tsibur, the Shalia Tsiwa that they're talking over here
• 13:43
  where it's so important is Shalia tsiwa.
• 13:46
  It's emotes to you and it's Fila.
• 13:47
  You're just going to listen and now you're not going to say
• 13:51
  anything and he's going to do Berkhas Kriyachma for you.
• 13:53
  He's going to do the Schmanesre for you and you're just going to
• 13:56
  answer Amayne and and, and Beyoncé.
• 13:58
  So then it's really important. He has to do a good job.
• 14:02
  He has to help you with kavana, has to be clear, loud.
• 14:06
  OK, but nowadays it's not the same.
• 14:10
  Again, every case has to be analyzed.
• 14:13
  Lagufo how important the Rav is, how important the Shaliaf
• 14:16
  seaboard is. What kind of Rav Shaliaf
• 14:18
  seaboard still is important. It's still more orio that
• 14:21
  seaboard of the hue, the aim C pic Briada, Amitani Schnee.
• 14:24
  We can't afford both EM Hu RA. So this is the general rule, at
• 14:28
  least in those days EM Hu raav muvak ubaki behara OT ubuddini.
• 14:33
  If he's like a posek, this guy, this Rav is a real rabbi.
• 14:36
  He doesn't know it's not just about giving drushas and making
• 14:39
  you feel good. He helps you in Allah, he
• 14:41
  teaches you, he tells you what to do he OK so then who called
• 14:46
  him So if you have a real Rav over here.
• 14:49
  So then he comes first. He loves Shuliazibar called him,
• 14:53
  but if he's but otherwise so then they should let's see where
• 14:58
  it comes first. Again, every case has to be
• 15:00
  analyzed. OK, Agha the a in the farness
• 15:05
  Arav Shabbir Mikishel Sedaka. Now when you're paying or it
• 15:09
  comes time to pay in the the Rav, so everyone has to chip in
• 15:13
  and obviously it's the more wealthy generally give more, but
• 15:16
  you don't just take it out of the funds from Sedaka.
• 15:20
  It's a little bit of a Ganai that's not proper Cavot.
• 15:23
  It's a Ganai Hulu, the gum with banana ear and for the banana
• 15:27
  ear that they're taking it from the Sedaka, like that's how you
• 15:29
  pay them. Now we have this body.
• 15:31
  That's not how you pay, you know, support parents.
• 15:35
  You, you pay from your own money.
• 15:37
  It's a it's an honor. Ella Yasu Sipuk and Malcolm
• 15:41
  Archer. They should raise money from a
• 15:42
  different fund and that'd be more mehrubad ABBA.
• 15:47
  I'm sorry, ABBA. You call it Shlovakov.
• 15:50
  Me and Staka Sholo Shazar Derrick covered.
• 15:53
  Now you can get from your own my Sir, your own sedaka.
• 15:57
  It's but it's coming from you. It's not coming from like a
• 16:00
  koopa shell Sedaka. It's just it's the part of
• 16:03
  that's meant for the anime. It's not that's not they're
• 16:06
  covered. So that's that's a question how
• 16:10
  you define what the phob is here.
• 16:12
  Let's read you a dollar. It's a good question.
• 16:14
  Yekholim le channot afilu metal matar la tsara shoshim chitim le
• 16:20
  hegeman bakhoshana the Fischer who had Salat nifashot.
• 16:24
  So that's just a large amount of money that was common years ago
• 16:29
  that in order to the ruler in town would demand a certain a
• 16:34
  large sum of money from the community and they had to pay.
• 16:37
  Otherwise he would come to town and he would be very scary and
• 16:42
  he would. We'll keep reading, we'll see
• 16:44
  inside. But you're allowed to take funds
• 16:47
  that are Sedaka funds designated for Talmatara.
• 16:51
  That's right, one of the higher of the levels of Sedaka and
• 16:55
  you're allowed to take it in order to pay off this wicked
• 16:59
  Goya ruler the fee because it's of Salus Nafashius.
• 17:04
  Salus Nafashius is on the very top.
• 17:07
  Shira in Pico Akhenafish is on the very top.
• 17:10
  She loyit Pashuru emo yeish Kama anim Shenlahim Litaine because
• 17:17
  if you don't give them so then he's going to come to town.
• 17:20
  And and if you're not paying from the the Sedaka fund, even
• 17:24
  if it's from Tal Natara, then he's he's he's going to try and
• 17:28
  collect from everybody. But there's going to be some
• 17:30
  people who can't afford to pay their the portion that he is
• 17:33
  demanding from everyone. And what's this ruler going to
• 17:36
  do via Kum Vyashitum Arumim? And he will beat them and steal
• 17:42
  whatever they have and leave them naked.
• 17:46
  And this is this is Hatzales Nefacios exactly what it is.
• 17:51
  It's a bit of a question. It's mamish pikot nefesh of the
• 17:55
  body, but it even it's doesn't have to be that.
• 17:58
  It could even be maybe a spiritual what it can do to the
• 18:02
  person or just getting beaten can also be included in Hatzales
• 18:08
  Nefacios. It's it could lead to death.
• 18:11
  I'm not sure if it's a certainly it's a Suffolk pikot nefesh
• 18:14
  Mamish, but OK, Leo has a question.
• 18:18
  How far does it go? How far can you extend, extend
• 18:23
  the Telus Nefesha? But it's certainly it's not only
• 18:28
  a clear it's not. It doesn't have to quite be
• 18:31
  mamish Picoch nefesh on the spot, but OK, How close is the
• 18:36
  question now it's just a large sum of money.
• 18:43
  Yeah, whatever the amount is, Itaz points out he gets it.
• 18:49
  He also raises the question. I mean, I don't think we don't
• 18:51
  need the Rochelle, but he quotes it from the Rochelle.
• 18:54
  The question is the end of the first Parikin megillah.
• 18:57
  It says Godola talmutara Yuter mihad Salat Nefa shots a famous
• 19:02
  rasha we learned by Mordechai Ratze la Rovajavati because we
• 19:07
  got involved in people call politics.
• 19:11
  But it was Mama, said Salas Nafa.
• 19:12
  He was saving lives. They even call you so.
• 19:16
  And so the Gemara points out over there that the taas
• 19:21
  explains, and this is not just the taas, it's codified in the
• 19:25
  halaqa. You see what comes first,
• 19:27
  Atsalas Nafashos takes precedence over Talmutara.
• 19:31
  We see at the Fed was here. We see that in the Grau, we see
• 19:34
  that in Naraka Sholkhan, the Qasem sofa.
• 19:37
  And I think almost all will clearly agree that whenever you
• 19:42
  have a choice of Talmatara and Italis Nafashos or Piku
• 19:46
  Akhenafish, it is no question for sure.
• 19:49
  You close your book or you don't even close it.
• 19:51
  You run and do what? Tell us Nafashos, you do Piku
• 19:54
  Akhenafish, That is certainly Doka Talmatara.
• 19:57
  That's not that's not there's no question, no Suffolk on that.
• 20:02
  It's a it's a vada. It's clear the Gomar is just
• 20:06
  telling you. That it's a greater Schus that a
• 20:09
  Kurdish barku should let you sit and learn in Holi Tara as
• 20:17
  opposed to being involved in more physical, mundane, I don't
• 20:22
  know, mundane, maybe not the right word.
• 20:25
  More physical actions even. It's all as nofashos.
• 20:28
  It's better that you're. So it's a it's a better Schus to
• 20:31
  be involved in learning then Hatzalis nofacios.
• 20:36
  But if you're needed for Hatzalis Nofacios and otherwise
• 20:40
  somebody else might is at risk. So then certainly Hatzalis
• 20:46
  Nofacios come first and the girl also points out that one second
• 20:53
  we finish. Yeah.
• 20:55
  So he just points out. We also see in the in in Tanakh
• 20:58
  that you give from Koche Bates. You could also give from Koche
• 21:04
  better kabait to kings. They used to give better kabait
• 21:11
  to kings, non Jewish kings in order to for to save themselves
• 21:17
  and and certainly from Sedaka.