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Presidential Transitional Skullduggery · Plausibly Live - The Dave Bowman Show Podcast

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  History's strange, it's alien, and it won't give us what we
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  would like to have. Hour 3 of a Tuesday morning on
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  the 7th of January 2025. It is the hour each week when
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  we're here that Dave Bowman brings us.
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  Dave does history Dave out of Silverdale, WA links to the Dave
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  Bowman Show and his podcast and Dave does history posted for you
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  in the first paragraph today in our show page@billmic.com.
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  That page entitled CN NS scared and it should be.
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  If you wonder what that's about, pick up the first hour podcast
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  of the show a little bit later. Top of the page there under the
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  Bill Mclod podcast and of course Florida Roundtable podcast right
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  next to that. Dave.
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  We've been talking about a loss of trust in government, be a
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  politicians or career civil servants and at times we've got
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  to wonder how much trust we have in our presidents.
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  Your Dave does history today looking at transitional
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  skulduggery with the presidents leaving office with another
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  coming in. Give us an idea what this is all
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  about. Well, we briefly hit on it in
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  the last hour, talking about the fact that the outgoing
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  administration is currently passing regulations, giving
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  awards, as The New York Times said, designed to, quote, send a
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  message and to interfere with the incoming administration.
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  And this has many of you frustrated.
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  And it raises the question, is this unusual?
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  The transfer of power from one president to the next is pretty
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  much a hallmark of the American Republic.
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  It's a moment that's designed to symbolize continuity and the
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  peaceful transition of authority.
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  But behind this veneer of ceremonial decorum, history
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  reveals instances of what can only be described as
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  skullduggery and calculated use of appointments, executive
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  actions, last minute regulations, all aimed at
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  constraining or frustrating the incoming administration.
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  Now, these acts are often carried out in the closing days
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  or even hours of an outgoing president's term, and they
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  reflect not not just personal or party rivalries but deeper
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  tensions about the future direction of the nation.
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  Presidents, as stewards of the executive branch, hold immense
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  power to shape the machinery of government, from judicial
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  appointments to regulatory directives.
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  The final week of any administration present a unique
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  opportunity to cement its legacy or in some cases, to roadblock
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  their successor's agenda. Now, the motivations behind
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  these maneuvers can vary. For some, it might be a matter
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  of principle, an effort to safeguard policies they view as
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  critical to the nation's welfare.
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  For others, it's pure partisanship, an attempt to tip
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  the scales in favor of their party or their ideology.
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  Now, the most notorious example of this, we, we talked about it
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  some weeks ago. We talked about the 1800
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  election and the fact that these two candidates, John Adams and
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  Thomas Jefferson, did not like each other.
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  But after the election occurred and after Jefferson won,
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  remember that Adams is still in office until March 20,
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  twentieth, so November to March. John Adams, facing this defeat,
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  rushed to appoint a slate of Federalist judges, dubbed the
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  Midnight Judges, in a bid to entrench his party's influence
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  in the judiciary. And it will ultimately lead to
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  one of the most significant showdowns in the court's history
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  and set a precedent for that interplay between outcoming and
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  in going outgoing and incoming administrations.
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  Later, Herbert Hoover would try to tether Franklin Roosevelt to
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  his economic orthodoxy, which doesn't make sense when you
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  think about it. Bill Clinton, Donald Trump.
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  In recent years, they flooded the transition period with
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  executive orders, pardons and appointments that all carried
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  political overtones. And as we turn the calendar in
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  two weeks to to the next one, maybe we've seen the most
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  noticeable version of presidential transitional
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  skulduggery. But the question remains as to
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  how effective it may ultimately be, or whether it's as bad as
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  what John Adams did when he's committed his blatant act to
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  attempt to rule from beyond the Oval Office.
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  We pick it up to tell you about these presidential acts when we
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  continue in one minute on WMMB. So, Dave, you're saying that
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  John Adams, when he became president or when he was leaving
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  office rather, was one of the worst of these?
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  He might not have been one of the worst, Bill.
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  He might actually have been the worst.
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  OK, now that's hard for us to imagine because John Adams, I
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  mean, we've all seen the HBO special, we've all read
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  Mccullough's book. We've all John Adams is, you
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  know, he's one of the pantheon of, of people that we respect as
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  presidents and as founders. Doing what's right, judicially
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  right, I mean that that would be the impression.
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  So after the election of 1800, which I'm not going to rehash
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  here, but we did talk about last year on the show that that
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  election, one of the most bruising and rude elections.
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  And we read the we read the stuff today, and it's quaint to
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  us. But at the time, it was the
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  equivalent of people calling each other traitors, communists,
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  whatever. It was a yeah, it was a it made
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  the politicians of today look like Boy Scouts.
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  And when the whole thing was over, of course, Jefferson had
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  won. But now we've got until March
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  before Adams is out. The bigger problem that Adams is
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  facing right now though, not just that he's been rejected by
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  the American people and his policies have been roundly
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  rejected, including the Alien and Sedition Act, which made it
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  a crime to criticize the president and the government in
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  the United States and is still on the books and is very much in
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  play for the January 6th defendants.
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  He. He also lost control of
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  Congress. His Federalist Party lost
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  control of Congress, which meant that when the next
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  administration came in, the Federalist influence was
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  evaporated. It was gone.
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  What to do? What to do?
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  Adams and the Federalists hit on an idea that is sounds weird to
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  us today, but he looks around and realizes that the one place
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  that he can actually influence things after he's out of office
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  is the courts. Now, we've we've talked about
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  the fact that the Biden administration has talked about
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  packing the courts and these kinds of things, but even FDR
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  talked about doing that. But the one guy who actually
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  pulled it off is John Adams in January of 18 O 1.
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  So before the transition in March, the Congress, led by the
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  Federalists, passed the Judicial Act of 18 O1.
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  Now, the Judicial Act of 18 O one was a major reformation of
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  the nation's court system. The first thing it did was it
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  took away the Supreme Court justices having to ride circuit,
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  in other words, having to leave Washington, DC, go out to their
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  circuits and hear courses, cases like that.
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  And it replaced them with district courts, 20 of them, all
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  of which had to have judges appointed by John Adams.
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  And of course, he picked federalist judges who would
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  then, you know, uphold federalist legislation when the
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  incoming Jefferson administration would attempt to
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  take them to court, upholding specifically the Alien and
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  Sedition Act. The second thing it did, and
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  this is think about this. We always talk in terms of
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  packing the court, right? What if you did the opposite?
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  In other words, instead of adding seats to the court, what
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  if you took them away? So at the time the court, the
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  Supreme Court had six Supreme Court justices, one Chief
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  Justice, 5 associate justice. The law changed it so that it
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  was 51 Chief Justice, 4 associate justices.
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  Which means that once the law is in effect, as soon as someone
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  either retires or dies, the the president, the now incoming
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  President Jefferson doesn't get to appoint a justice.
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  Oh my. And who appointed the other 5?
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  Adams. Including, by the way, the the
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  just of the Chief Justice, John Marshall, who is a pretty loyal
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  federalist, but is a great example of the idea that the
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  best laid plans of mice and men often go astray.
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  Because as we're going to learn in the future, these sometimes
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  these justices don't do the things that you expect them to
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  do. No, we've never seen that
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  before, right? Yeah, it's a tax, not a penalty.
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  So the idea here is that he appoints and, and, and in
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  February and March, well, late January, February, early March
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  of 18, O1 Adams appoints all of these justices, judges to these,
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  to these district courts, 20 of them.
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  There's another four that declined the appointments and
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  the problem. And and of course, all these
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  judges, our last minute appointees, they're all
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  federalists. They're all expected to uphold
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  Adams's legacy in the courts. Does it work out that way?
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  Well, maybe, maybe not. But they are referred to as the
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  midnight judges of John Adams. And this is really the first
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  example of presidential transitional skulduggery in
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  which an outgoing president really tries to hamstring and
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  control what's going to happen in the future.
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  Not unusual, Dave, even from the very beginning.
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  Huh? Makes me kind of grateful we do
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  it in January now, although I'd still like to see it be
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  December. We continue Presidential
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  skulduggery on Bill Mick live right here on WMNB.
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  It's a take. On history you won't find
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  anywhere else. Dave does history.
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  On Bill Mick Live the McPherson Financial Group, bringing you
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  the hours. We look at this presidential
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  transition period through the years and the various things
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  that presidents have done to their successors.
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  And I think it's kind of funny and sad all at the same time.
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  Speaking of which, though, just a quick reminder for you coming
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  up Saturday night, 6 to 9 at the Space Coast Convention Center,
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  I'll be moderating the Restore the Republic 2025 event from the
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  Republican Liberty Caucus here of East Central Florida.
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  It will feature Bob White, who's chairman of the RLC statewide,
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  Republican House Majority Leader Tyler Siroi here in the state of
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  Florida, the Sheriff Wayne Abbey, and Royce Bartlett, host
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  of the Shooting Straight Radio podcast that you'll catch here
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  on the iHeartRadio app. So be an interesting forum about
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  restoring the Republic and maybe bringing some sanity back to it.
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  And, and appropriately so, I believe with a focus on on
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  Tallahassee and local governments and how to be
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  effective there. It's not just DC where the swamp
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  exists, the boys and girls. Speaking of swap action, though,
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  Dave, we're seeing a lot of it as the Biden administration
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  prepares to leave, but certainly not the only, and as you would
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  suggest, not the worst that we've seen in this nation's
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  history. I don't think it is.
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  I mean, keeping in mind what Adams did, what John Adams did
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  with his midnight appointments. And they weren't just judges, by
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  the way, judges, by the way, all these judges he's appointing are
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  lifetime appointments under the Constitution and the new law.
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  So he's really trying to to to almost said a bad word there,
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  really trying to mess with with the incoming Jefferson
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  administration. But there are other appointments
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  that he makes as well. Justice of the peace for the
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  District of Columbia. He appoints one of his
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  federalist buddies to that position.
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  And it's that appointment that's going to cause a lot of problems
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  because he does that one so late in his presidency, in the final
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  hours that the actual paperwork doesn't get delivered to the
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  guy. And the assumption is that the
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  incoming administration then will deliver the paperwork to
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  the guy. Well, Jefferson says on that,
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  no. And that is going to lead to one
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  of the one of the landmark cases in the history of our country.
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  And it's kind of kind of put a damper on what John Adams, John
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  Adams tried to do. Additionally, the incoming
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  Jefferson administration with its new Congress says, you know,
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  this Judiciary Act of 18 O1, we don't like that.
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  And so in 18 O 2, they repeal that and replace it.
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  Now, they can't really undo the judges per SE, but they do away
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  with the the the reduction of the Supreme Court and they they
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  kind of get things back to where the American people presumably
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  wanted things. And see, that's the frustrating
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  part here is what Adams was trying to do.
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  Is it the will of the American people or was it the will of
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  John Adams and his Federalist Party?
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  We don't like to think of John Adams in those terms.
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  Sounds like the latter though. But it certainly was.
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  It goes on. In 1869, Andrew Johnson was the
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  outgoing president. Of course, he had taken over
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  after the assassination of Abraham Lincoln.
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  He had narrowly, by one vote, survived an impeachment.
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  There were a lot of people who believed that the only reason he
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  survived impeachment was because the one guy that voted for him
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  to acquit didn't like the guy who was going to become
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  president if he was impeached. That's politics for you, right?
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  Yeah, that's true. But as he was defeated.
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  Probably a good reason that Joe Biden impeachment never got any
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  any leg. Possibly, Yeah.
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  Ulysses S Grant was incoming. Of course, Ulysses S Grant
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  perhaps one of the most popular candidates ever elected to the
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  presidency. So Johnson decides to start
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  appointing people all over the place that that he knows don't
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  like Ulysses S Grant. The problem he has is that
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  Congress won't won't approve of any of his moves because they
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  hate him so. So it didn't have much much
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  effect. Herbert Hoover, a name that you
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  don't think about in these terms.
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  Hoover actually tries to do the same thing to Roosevelt when
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  he's coming in. Franklin Roosevelt, he actually
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  tries to pass agreements that restricts deficit spending and
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  other economic measures that things that he believed in that
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  would have continued the Hoover economic policies.
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  Now, again, I don't really care what side of the agenda you're
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  on here in 1933, do you think the American people wanted to
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  continue the policies of Herbert Hoover?
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  I would think not and. Neither did Roosevelt, who
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  basically said no, we're not doing that.
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  Dave, that it seems that this is just a repetitive pattern of
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  behavior, that it's politics as usual in a presidential
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  transition. Scary, isn't it?
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  It is. I mean, I'm like anybody else.
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  OK, In a way, I thought it was kind of funny when they pulled
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  the WS off the keyboards. Yeah.
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  I mean, is it childish? And yes.
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  But I laughed. But is that really the worst
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  thing that's been happening? Oh, absolutely not.
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  Harry Truman Harry S Truman, who my father of blessed memory
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  loved, hated Dwight Eisenhower. Hated Dwight Eisenhower.
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  Now, you could argue that the reason he hated Dwight
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  Eisenhower was because he really hated the Vice President, Dick
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  Nixon. But there was a very strained
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  relationship between Truman and Eisenhower, probably had a lot
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  to do with Korea and the issues there.
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  But in the final months of his presidency, Truman signed
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  executive orders and made appointments that the Eisenhower
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  administration then had to unravel or challenge, one of
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  which was the last minute seizure of steel mills during a
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  labor dispute. Youngstown Sheet and Tube, Sheet
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  and Tube Company versus Sawyer ends up being the Supreme Court
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  which actually overturns the action that the Truman
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  administration take to essentially seize those steel
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  mills, allegedly in the the name of the American people, the best
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  interest of the American people, but really wasn't.
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  And so Eisenhower instead has to waste his time dealing with this
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  because Truman tried to pull that.
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  Then you get into the 80s Jimmy Carter, probably probably not
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  good to speak I'll of the dead today.
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  But Jimmy Carter issued a slew of executive orders and made
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  controversial appointments, some related to energy policies and
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  environmental protections. He was trying to cement his
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  legacy. But of course, Ronald Reagan,
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  who had a very different policy agenda than Jimmy Carter, which
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  you would have to argue again, what did the American people
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  actually want? Did they want Jimmy Carter's
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  environmental and energy policies, which had led to the
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  malaise of the second-half of the 1970s?
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  Or did they want Ronald Reagan's vision of a new morning in
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  America? But Jimmy Carter said, no, I'm
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  going to, I'm going to pass all the, I'm going to sign all these
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  executive orders and stuff and prevent things from happening.
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  Well, Ronald Reagan said bleep that and Bill Clinton in his
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  final days issued a wave of executive orders and pardons,
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  including the pardon of financier Marc Rich, issued
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  Environmental Protection like banning road construction and 60
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  million acres of National Forest.
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  Course, that left George Bush and Congressional Republicans
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  having to do the work to remove those before they could move on.
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  It was all an attempt. All of these are attempts to
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  influence and control the incoming administration.
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  All of them seem to fly in the face of exactly what this
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  transition is supposed to be about.
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  But that's the way we seem to do things, isn't it?
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  Transfer of power not as peaceful as we would like to
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  believe, and we continue on that front in moments right here on
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  92.7 FM WMMB. The McPherson Financial Group
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  bringing you this third hour of a Tuesday morning when Dave does
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  history on Bill Mick live. Your thoughts welcome as we get
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  ready to wrap the day up here And Dave, we're not through
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  these presidential shenanigans. You more to take a look at here.
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  I mean, you'd think we'd be done, but we're not.
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  Barack Obama in 2017, late 16, early 17, you know, there there
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  was this all this discussion at the time about how dignified
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  Obama was taking this and, you know, compared to Hillary
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  Clinton and the likes of that. But at the at the time, Barack
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  Obama really accelerated regulatory activity, issued
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  rulings on Environmental Protection, labor, health care.
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  And, of course, these regulations then had to be
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  repealed or rolled back under the Trump administration, which
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  was prioritizing deregulation. Biden doing the same thing
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  today. Exactly.
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  You could make the argument that, well, you know, you then
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  you can have the whole argument about, well, you didn't win the
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  popular vote and this, that the other.
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  But the point is it did it did significantly hamstring the
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  Trump administration, which had to spend time doing that instead
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  of moving on with its agenda. But lest you think that it's all
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  Democrats doing this stuff, Adams was a federalist by the
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  way, and and Andrew Johnson was a Democrat too, by the way, even
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  though he was Abraham Lincoln's vice president.
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  Even Donald Trump, one of the most contentious transitions in
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  our history. In 2021, Trump took several
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  actions to try to frustrate Biden as well.
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  He appointed loyalists to key positions and agencies,
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  including the Pentagon, Office of Management and Budget.
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  Last minute executive orders. Now, arguably, these were the
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  correct ones, but he lifted COVID, certain COVID-19 travel
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  restrictions. Now, you and I might agree with
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  that, but the incoming Biden administration, which you could
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  argue not today but other days, won the election.
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  Which policy did the American people actually want?
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  He pardoned allies, controversial figures that
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  became a a focus of criticism and so forth and so on and so
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  forth. Where do we find ourselves
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  today? That's the real the real
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  question is, you know, now we're sitting here seeing what's
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  happening today with the Biden administration.
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  Here's the uncomfortable thing with me, with the Biden, with
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  what the Biden administration is doing.
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  Go back to the first two hours of the show bill.
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  Does anybody in this country raise your hand, show of hands,
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  actually believe that Joe Biden is running the country making
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  these decisions? No, the difference between what
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  Biden is doing and what John Adams did is you have that
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  uncomfortable realization, that uncomfortable feeling that it's
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  really not Joe Biden doing this. It's that what's the words, Oh
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  yeah, deep state doing it. And that that adds a, another
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  layer to the veneer of all this kind of thing.
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  And it makes it seem like, well, is this really what the American
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  people wanted? And this time, you can't argue
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  that, you know, Trump didn't win the the popular vote.
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  Which policies do the American people want?
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  And yet here's Joe Biden, at least ostensibly he's his his
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  cyclo style name is on it saying these policies will be put into
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  place and they will stop the Trumpet ministry, the incoming
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  Trump administration from doing things that will change how we
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  do things. But the real lesson here, Bill,
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  is that none of these actually work.
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  John Adams tried this with the midnight judges and the
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  Judiciary Act of 18 O1. And if part of that he appointed
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  the the Chief Justice John Marshall to the Supreme Court.
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  Remember that Guy Marbury, who who they had the the writ for to
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  be that just to be the the District of Columbia's justice
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  of peace and they didn't get the paperwork to him and they
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  expected the Jefferson administration to do it.
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  And Jefferson said no, he sued the Jefferson administration.
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  Marbury did, saying, hey, my appointment was legit.
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  You should appoint me even though you don't like it.
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  This went all the way to the United States Supreme Court,
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  where John Marshall, who was known as the great Chief
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  Justice, not my moniker, came up with one of the most influential
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  decisions in the history of the United States.
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  And we're not going to talk about what the decision was, but
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  in that decision, John Marshall basically stated the policy of
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  judicial review, in which he basically said pretty much a
• 25:10
  quote. It's kind of a paraphrase.
• 25:12
  The Constitution means what we decide it means, meaning the
• 25:15
  Supreme Court. We're the ones who interpret the
• 25:19
  Constitution, not you. We do that.
• 25:22
  That's our job. And from that day forward,
• 25:26
  that's been the operational assumption that we've had in
• 25:30
  this country, that it's the Supreme Court that decides this.
• 25:34
  And of course, in doing so, overturned what Adams had wanted
• 25:38
  to do. So his his great plan kind of
• 25:40
  went out the window. You'd have to argue Herbert
• 25:44
  Hoover's plans went out the window.
• 25:45
  Jimmy Carter's plans went out the window.
• 25:48
  Bill Clinton's plans, with the exception of the the WS off the
• 25:52
  keyboards, probably went out the window.
• 25:54
  Andrew Johnson never got his through.
• 25:57
  The lesson here is that it seems like the harder these presidents
• 26:00
  try to do this stuff, the more it kind of backfires on them.
• 26:04
  Now, what's going to happen this year?
• 26:06
  I don't know. There's discussion right now,
• 26:08
  Bill, about whether or not a Presidential Medal of Freedom
• 26:10
  can be rescinded. The answer appears to be yes,
• 26:17
  But if you're the president of the United States incoming, is
• 26:20
  that really what your focus is going to be?
• 26:22
  You risk looking petty if you do.
• 26:25
  And, and as I asked the other day, if I have one of these and
• 26:28
  the president resents it, am I going to give it back?
• 26:32
  No, they'll send people to come and take it and raid your house
• 26:34
  at midnight, you know, whatever. Maybe the lessons for us today
• 26:38
  should be this. As the American people, we ought
• 26:42
  to be looking to respect the peaceful transfer of power, and
• 26:46
  we ought to be holding our leaders accountable for that.
• 26:50
  Maybe that's one of the questions that should be asked
• 26:52
  during the debates leading into a presidential election.
• 26:55
  If you are defeated, how will you handle the the transition?
• 27:00
  What will you do to make this smooth?
• 27:04
  I don't like the guy. I wouldn't have voted for him.
• 27:06
  But, you know, Woodrow Wilson had a plan that if he had lost
• 27:09
  the election in 1916, you know what he was going to do, Appoint
• 27:13
  his opponent as the Secretary of State immediately.
• 27:18
  And then he and his vice president were going to resign
• 27:20
  immediately. Guess who becomes president at
• 27:23
  that time then? The new Secretary of State, the
• 27:28
  guy that defeated him. Say what you will, but that's
• 27:31
  recognizing the will of the American people.
• 27:34
  It is. I've never heard that.
• 27:36
  We need to focus on our national unity.
• 27:39
  We need to prepare for governing, not just winning.
• 27:43
  We we so rarely talk about it in those terms.
• 27:48
  The temptation of retaliation, this tit for tat pettiness that
• 27:54
  has just become the hallmark of Washington DC, and to some
• 28:00
  degree our states as well. Absolutely.
• 28:03
  And we, the American people, need to honor civility in
• 28:06
  leadership. We need to let these people know
• 28:08
  this is what we expect, this is what we want.
• 28:14
  Will we ever do it? Kind of doubt it, but.
• 28:18
  It also falls to who we choose to go to Congress and and to
• 28:21
  these other elected positions. If we are tolerant of of less
• 28:28
  than ethical people, we get what we ask for.
• 28:32
  But part of that problem is it becomes more important about
• 28:35
  winning, not necessarily governing.
• 28:40
  And we're back your calls coming up at 321-768-1240 in just 30
• 28:45
  seconds on WMMB. We are in that presidential
• 28:49
  transition period. Now let's get to the phones.
• 28:52
  Dave, line one. You're up on Bill Mick live.
• 28:54
  Good morning. Good morning, Bill.
• 28:56
  This is Rick and Milburn. Yeah.
• 28:57
  Rick, what's up here? Hey, oh Biden, you know, if I
• 29:00
  said oh Biden, I wonder what his chances, what y'all think of him
• 29:05
  legalizing all the illegals before you leave?
• 29:08
  Office, I don't know that there's a mechanism to do it.
• 29:13
  Well, he could write it down and just like he does, did the
• 29:16
  banning, the oil drilling and everything make them illegal?
• 29:20
  I don't think citizenship works that way.
• 29:23
  I don't think there's a possibility of that.
• 29:25
  Dave, any thoughts there? No, I don't think it's I I could
• 29:28
  he write an executive order that functionally does that?
• 29:32
  He could. The problem is that it's an
• 29:33
  executive order, not a law. He's not going to get it through
• 29:36
  Congress because he doesn't control Congress.
• 29:39
  Which means that sure, he could try it, but again, most of these
• 29:44
  things don't work. Now, would it tie up the
• 29:47
  incoming administration having to deal with the fallout from
• 29:50
  that? Probably.
• 29:52
  Is it something that I think he would try that May that's the
• 29:57
  judge, don't worry that. He might actually try it, right?
• 30:00
  As the judge said to the the CNN people, that's just a little too
• 30:03
  far. Back to the phones line one good
• 30:07
  morning. You're on Bill Mick live.
• 30:09
  Good morning, Mario. Cape Canaveral.
• 30:11
  Yeah, Mario, great discussion. I've noticed over the decade
• 30:15
  that when the Liberals are in power they tell everyone to go #
• 30:20
  sand and they and they use strong arm tactics and
• 30:24
  everything legal and illegal they can do and semi legal
• 30:29
  they'll need to send the FBI after an ex president.
• 30:33
  But one they are not in power. They talk about compromise and
• 30:37
  can't we all just get along? Yeah, I don't think you're wrong
• 30:42
  there. And I think that is, I don't
• 30:45
  know, wise politically of them to be that way.
• 30:47
  Huh. Don't we wish at times that
• 30:50
  Republicans would act more like they're in charge than they have
• 30:53
  chosen to do? And Republicans get criticized
• 30:56
  for that. They've fairly frequently.
• 30:58
  Yeah, I mean, that's in a way that's what people do, you know?
• 31:04
  I mean, they're be as wise as serpents, as innocent as doves.
• 31:09
  So politicians learn from that and they they understand that
• 31:14
  when they're out of power, they need to suck up the people.
• 31:16
  And when they're in power, then they can do what they want.
• 31:19
  That's probably a good way to put that they suck up the people
• 31:22
  line. 2 Good morning. Give us your thoughts here.
• 31:25
  Good morning, Bill Brody. Happy New Year and happy belated
• 31:28
  Hanukkah to you, Dave. Quick question for you, Dave.
• 31:32
  Just generally, who is your favorite president?
• 31:35
  That's all. Thanks bro.
• 31:38
  You're not going to like my answer because nobody ever does.
• 31:40
  My favorite president is is Warren G Harding.
• 31:44
  Do you want to know why? Of course.
• 31:49
  Of course we do, yeah. If you know anything about me on
• 31:53
  a personal level, you know that driving is one of my favorite
• 31:55
  things to do. It's one of the most relaxing
• 31:57
  things. And Warren G Harding was
• 31:59
  actually the first president to have his own driver's license.
• 32:03
  And in the words of Dave Berry, who I quote quite often, Warren
• 32:08
  G Harding was the 1st president in the history of our country
• 32:11
  who, when caught up in scandal and controversy and all those
• 32:18
  problems, instead of arguing about it, instead of defending
• 32:22
  himself in court, he just died. Well, there's a way to go, I
• 32:29
  guess, yeah. And of course his his death led
• 32:32
  to Calvin Coolidge, who is probably the to me.
• 32:35
  Calvin Coolidge is probably my favorite.
• 32:37
  I I like Warren Harding, but Calvin Coolidge is probably my
• 32:39
  favorite. All right, very, very good.
• 32:43
  Have Dave, have you looked ahead?
• 32:44
  I heard you say, oh, what the frock this weekend.
• 32:46
  You've done a lot of planning for this year ahead, even though
• 32:49
  there may be obstacles to some of that.
• 32:51
  What are we looking at next week?
• 32:52
  We're. Going to take a look at one of
• 32:54
  the most interesting map situations in the United States.
• 32:58
  You ever look at a map of Michigan?
• 33:01
  Yes. Why does Michigan have that part
• 33:03
  up that's connected to Wisconsin?
• 33:05
  Anybody know? I mean, I know, but it's because
• 33:08
  of something called the Toledo War, at a point where the state
• 33:13
  of Ohio was willing to shoot at the people from Michigan over
• 33:20
  that little peninsula that doesn't touch either one of
• 33:22
  them. Are you saying we're going to
• 33:25
  have a Bengals? A Lion Super Bowl.
• 33:28
  I'm just saying the first Civil War was almost in 1835 and it
• 33:31
  was over Toledo. Of all places.
• 33:35
  Well, we wouldn't have Max Clinger without it.
• 33:38
  Thanks Dave. Check out more.
• 33:43
  Stories from history at. Davedoeshistory.org.