Latest / SHULCHAN ARUCH YOMI: Own the Halacha in 25 minutes a day! / Yoreh De’ah 297:14-16. Kilei Zeraim: Defining Different Crops, Separating Distances; Ratio, Intent

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Yoreh De’ah 297:14-16. Kilei Zeraim: Defining Different Crops, Separating Distances; Ratio, Intent · SHULCHAN ARUCH YOMI: Own the Halacha in 25 minutes a day!

• 0:01
  OK, good morning. We are in Kilaez Rhyme.
• 0:05
  So we just finished reading Reish Saadi Zain and we are
• 0:10
  going to be continue. We just finished we're in Reish
• 0:12
  Saadi Zain. We just finished Yudalid reading
• 0:14
  inside. We're going to talk a little bit
• 0:18
  quick recap just to make things a drop more clear or interesting
• 0:22
  or not. And we're going to continue with
• 0:25
  Tet Vav. I called, for example, let's say
• 0:30
  Mahone by it's led by Rab Josef Efrati.
• 0:34
  And so they're a major organization for teach learning
• 0:39
  and teaching halacha about agriculture, everything about
• 0:42
  agriculture. So I just want to point out,
• 0:44
  interesting enough, if you look in the end of the third parrot
• 0:48
  of Masakhas Kilaim. So one of the Tenayaim is called
• 0:52
  Rabbi Josef Efrati. Well, it's actually, if I, I
• 0:56
  mean quote you correctly, but it's Urbiosi Ben hakhotef
• 1:01
  Efrathi and kotef. The Gemara says he's recall he
• 1:05
  was referred to and his father was referring to him or his
• 1:09
  father is a kotef. He used to grab lots of
• 1:12
  mitzvahs. So anyways, that's just an
• 1:15
  interesting thing. I pointed it out to the to the
• 1:17
  Rob on the phone and he had, he enjoyed that.
• 1:21
  So I spoke to a couple Rabani. One of them in particular is
• 1:25
  Rashwal Pliskin. Anyway, so just to recap a
• 1:29
  couple things. First of all, well, we spoke
• 1:33
  about different meanings. So we'll start with that.
• 1:35
  So just to point out possibilities now we mentioned
• 1:38
  three types of Dilat. So I just want to point out
• 1:41
  different possibilities that are brought down is either gourd,
• 1:45
  squash, pumpkin and watermelon. Those are could be one of those
• 1:51
  four and it's not so clear. Now the general Gisha of that
• 1:57
  Mahon of Efrati and the rabbi spoke to is in general they're
• 2:02
  very Mahmoud. They admit it any time they're
• 2:06
  not sure there's a Suffolk, they're not sure.
• 2:08
  Because when it comes to names, he says the only time we have a
• 2:13
  real clear Masara, well, there's for sure.
• 2:16
  It's never been a mix up is with the Hamesha Mene, the the gun.
• 2:21
  One of them also has some controversy.
• 2:23
  But anyways, you want to get there.
• 2:24
  But he says that's been accepted throughout the generations.
• 2:27
  We know exactly which 5 was which five and there's no, no,
• 2:32
  no Suffolk. According to them, basically
• 2:36
  with the most other things, even if we think we know, we're not
• 2:41
  so sure. I'll just throw out a famous
• 2:43
  example that some of us might be more familiar with is the word
• 2:47
  nin in Hebrew, in Tana. So in Tana, if I have a correct,
• 2:52
  nin means a son, right? But in modern day Hebrew and nin
• 2:57
  means a great grandson. So the same word that we're
• 3:01
  using nowadays is not what's always been, it's always, it's
• 3:05
  not always the way it's been used.
• 3:06
  And so the even though we have our words for different for the
• 3:11
  produce, for the vegetables, it might not be exactly the same.
• 3:16
  And so therefore, so I'll give you just some examples.
• 3:23
  So when it comes to let's see, citrus fruits, so did I have it
• 3:28
  written down? But anyway, so there's the
• 3:31
  orange, the grapefruit and the lemon and the ES stroke.
• 3:35
  So anyways, they had it's also in Darafanu now basically they
• 3:38
  follow General Khazanish and you pointed out so general, so they
• 3:42
  have a Suffolk. They don't know if it's Halaha
• 3:45
  considered one mean or not one mean.
• 3:48
  So therefore it's they say it's Usser right, Suffolk, the rights
• 3:52
  of Akoma to plant them together now again to graft them right.
• 3:57
  So for those are trees. So those is grafting now could
• 4:00
  be there'd be more Makil in some areas that the Halafa is is a
• 4:05
  rabbinic halafa. But anyways, bottom line, in
• 4:10
  general, they're going to say it's ASR right in Suffolk there
• 4:13
  Isa that's right there Hamuna Kazunish.
• 4:17
  But in there Hamuni points out and interesting enough, right
• 4:20
  where right before Asukas there's an astrog, an astrog
• 4:24
  that you know is Murka, let's say from a lemon.
• 4:27
  So if it looks and basically behaves like an astrog, so then
• 4:32
  they hold lahalaka even though it's pasal, even though it's
• 4:37
  pasal as a murka for the mitzvah, it's still muttered to
• 4:43
  graft with this astrog that's murka with another astrog
• 4:49
  because to you it's basically an they're both basically an astrog
• 4:52
  that he holds that that far. He says he's he's a Maekala
• 4:55
  Kakila. So we're about to get to trees.
• 4:59
  That's actually coming up, but I'll just it's on my list.
• 5:02
  Apples. So you ask can can you graph
• 5:04
  different apples if they're different colors?
• 5:06
  So they say whatever that Mahone says you can do, you can
• 5:09
  definitely rely on. So they said you can all apples
• 5:13
  are one mean. It doesn't matter if it's Granny
• 5:15
  Smith or pink lady or whatever it is.
• 5:18
  You can graph them all together. That's called one mean.
• 5:22
  He said all types of potatoes are one mean, but that's not
• 5:26
  sweet potatoes. All types of sweet potatoes, he
• 5:29
  said, are sweet potatoes because there's different types of sweet
• 5:31
  potatoes. Yeah, so I think that would
• 5:34
  include yams. OK.
• 5:36
  So generally he said sweet potatoes are sweet potatoes and
• 5:38
  that's fine. Potatoes are potatoes.
• 5:40
  They're they're not sweet potatoes, but potatoes are
• 5:42
  potatoes. And that you can't, there's no
• 5:44
  kilai in when you plant them. That's kilai is drying.
• 5:47
  So that's not a problem. He said, generally speaking, all
• 5:50
  lettuce is not a problem. There's different types of
• 5:53
  lettuce, different types of hassa, that's not a problem.
• 5:57
  But Hassa and cabbage, that's different.
• 6:00
  So that's, I think we even saw that, but well, depends how you
• 6:04
  understand the Hebrew. But anyway, so that's not OK.
• 6:07
  Now he, he's strict about zucchini and cucumber because
• 6:13
  what we call kishut might not be the same Kishu or Kishuin that
• 6:17
  we have. Again, it's it's very likely
• 6:20
  it's exactly the same. But he says there's even an
• 6:23
  opinion that's like, I didn't do any of my research, but yeah, I
• 6:26
  think he he even said what we call a malaphophone, some might
• 6:29
  call it because in Rishonia might call it Kishut and vice
• 6:33
  versa. So that's just that's another
• 6:36
  example where he points out. And then I have this book I
• 6:39
  borrowed about, you know, different species of plants and
• 6:42
  vegetables. You'll see on every plant and
• 6:44
  vegetable there's usually two or more pictures of different
• 6:47
  opinions out there. So there is reason, there is a
• 6:50
  good reason. Sometimes there's a good reason
• 6:52
  to be to be Machar. OK, I think it was Kagan pointed
• 7:00
  out, raised the question about broccoli and cauliflower and
• 7:04
  that was it. So anyways, if you ask from what
• 7:08
  we, the little research we did, it seems to be that they were
• 7:11
  man made, created from cabbage about 1:00 to 1:00 to 2 1/2
• 7:16
  thousand years ago. What?
• 7:19
  OK, wild cabbage and they all come from the same.
• 7:22
  So we, and that's, and even in modern day Hebrew, there's Kruv
• 7:27
  and Kruvit, right? So that's anyway, so all these
• 7:32
  things, broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, kohlerabi, they all
• 7:36
  apparently come from the same cabbage, but they hold that you
• 7:40
  can't do it. It's the subject that I said
• 7:43
  because they're not sure, just because a lot of things, and
• 7:47
  it's true, a lot of scientists argue with each other because a
• 7:50
  lot of things that you might think are facts according to
• 7:53
  science, you'll, if you actually look into it, you'll find out
• 7:56
  it's certainly because by very far not a fact.
• 8:00
  At best it's a theory and even the scientists disagree about
• 8:04
  it. OK, right.
• 8:08
  So then things get disproven later on.
• 8:09
  Fine. So that was that side issue.
• 8:13
  Just to throw it in there. Sorry, Makayan, if a person
• 8:16
  wants to be Makayan the the produce in the Taz Rhodes, he
• 8:19
  says pastas from the Rambam Shaltanarak.
• 8:21
  It's daraisa, yes, you don't get lashes for it.
• 8:25
  And he's quoted me that the Khazani showed it's only Dara
• 8:28
  banan. But maybe it depends on the
• 8:30
  specific situation. Anyway, back to our topic.
• 8:34
  He said also almonds and a Pharisee Kim or the Peaches,
• 8:38
  right? So they when they begin to grow,
• 8:42
  they're very similar. But then when you actually we
• 8:45
  eat them and you see them in your house, in the stores,
• 8:47
  obviously they're quite different.
• 8:49
  But since they start out quite similar, he says still we hold
• 8:54
  that they're different. I'm not sure if it was Mitzag
• 8:56
  Kummer or not, but he holds definitely.
• 8:58
  You can't graft them together. It's back to trees.
• 9:02
  Let's see what was the next topic.
• 9:04
  Melon. All melon, he says, is OK,
• 9:07
  That's one specie, but that's not watermelon.
• 9:12
  Watermelon is one of the delats, and it might be the line with
• 9:17
  the other delats. So he says stay away from that.
• 9:21
  What else? Turnip and radish.
• 9:25
  He said it's probably the same, but he says to be strict.
• 9:28
  He says we don't know if our turnip and our radish are in the
• 9:31
  same family. All right, we had it that it's
• 9:33
  OK. But he says it could be that we
• 9:36
  call it turnip in a radish it's a little bit different.
• 9:38
  So he says not to plant them together.
• 9:41
  And he also gave me the number and I ref said I should call if
• 9:45
  I'm interested. Another mahone called hatora
• 9:49
  viharats because the one that I spoke to, Frati is pretty strict
• 9:54
  and they follow more khazunish. He said this is this other
• 9:59
  Mahone is follows more of Azraeli and Ruff Cook.
• 10:04
  It's in the gush and they might be have a different approach on
• 10:10
  how strict to be and they also are very knowledgeable on the
• 10:15
  facts. So he said I can definitely.
• 10:18
  So he sometimes calls them also for, for knowledge, but for the,
• 10:23
  but in general there, there Mahanafrati is going to be more
• 10:26
  on the stricter side of Khazanish.
• 10:29
  So maybe I will call them in the next day or week and get a
• 10:34
  little, a little maybe we'll get some different answers from
• 10:37
  their perspective. Interesting.
• 10:39
  Just to clarify, when we said something is vital 1 to 24, just
• 10:45
  to make sure it's clear, that's basically a ratio of 1 to 23.
• 10:51
  And then in total it's one out of 24 Is ASA 1 to 23 really
• 10:56
  inside you see one out of 21 out of 24 makes it user.
• 11:01
  One out of 24 is user, 1 to 23 is user.
• 11:05
  You just need a mashu in either direction.
• 11:08
  Well, it depends which way to make one more a mashu to make
• 11:11
  one more a mashu to make one less.
• 11:14
  OK, but it's not 1 to 25. One to 25 would for sure be
• 11:17
  mutter, but it would be mutter way before that.
• 11:19
  Also the whole sheer 1 to 24 is that derisive there a bundle.
• 11:25
  So that's a Machlokas. The Araf Ashokan based on the
• 11:28
  rush says the whole concept of 1 to 24 is a dinder abundant
• 11:33
  because simply if you want it to grow, you want the mixture to be
• 11:38
  on your plantation near each other, then it's not for the
• 11:41
  flavor. But if you want, you want them
• 11:43
  both to be there near each other because you want to maximize
• 11:46
  your space, so you want it there.
• 11:49
  So even if it's a tiny bit, we learned that's an Ester der Isa,
• 11:54
  perhaps. I believe he says it's even.
• 11:56
  Yeah, it's an Issa Darisa. Even for Amashi, if you don't
• 12:01
  want it there right then you can't get can't get rid of it.
• 12:07
  It's just too difficult to get rid of it.
• 12:09
  You didn't put it there. Then even if it be wouldn't
• 12:13
  suffice that ratio, it would still be Matar Minatara.
• 12:16
  It's Hazal who came and Oscar 1 to 20.
• 12:20
  It should be with, I don't know, say more or less more from 1 to
• 12:24
  24 because either more assign or it's for others or it doesn't
• 12:29
  look right for you. They didn't want that.
• 12:31
  They want it to be distinct that it doesn't look like Kalayam and
• 12:33
  you don't want it. So they came up with that shit.
• 12:36
  Derek Lamuna quoting from Kriya Seyfano.
• 12:40
  Mabib says no, that's a Dereissa 1 to 24 and that basically if
• 12:46
  you want it, then of course even less than 1 to 24 is going to be
• 12:50
  even. Amashu is going to be Aser.
• 12:53
  And as our official can point out, once you mix in Amashu, the
• 12:56
  whole thing becomes ASER. We're going to see that by
• 12:59
  begadium also you mix in one thread to your baggage, the
• 13:02
  whole baggage becomes ASER, same to here.
• 13:05
  So then let's go right Der Aissa then.
• 13:09
  So the 1 to 24, he holds his der Aissa, the Derakhan Muna.
• 13:13
  If it's less than 1 to 24, that's the Robanan, more than
• 13:16
  24, it's der Aissa. And if you want it there, so
• 13:21
  then it's even Amashu is going to be aser, right?
• 13:24
  But if you don't want it, so it's like this is where it gets
• 13:29
  a little technical and a little strange for Der Aissa.
• 13:32
  If you really don't want it there, like it's going to ruin
• 13:35
  your crops, then there could be 5050.
• 13:38
  It's OK, But if you because it's you don't want it and it hurts
• 13:41
  your it hurts what you do want. But if it's like you don't
• 13:45
  doesn't really bother you. You just didn't want it.
• 13:48
  So then it's then that's when it's that's when it's usurd
• 13:51
  there Isa, because it's more than one than 24.
• 13:53
  And you know, I am Sean and basically what we learned is
• 13:57
  that anytime you want it, it's usser basically what we hold
• 14:02
  right from Michel Kanarek. Anytime you want it there, it's
• 14:05
  usser even less than 1 to 24 anytime you don't want it there.
• 14:11
  So if it's already the point is you can't put it there.
• 14:15
  But if it's already mixed in, it would really just keep it
• 14:18
  simple. Bottom line, anytime you, you,
• 14:21
  you don't want it there and it's already mixed in, then it's OK
• 14:25
  to plant it and to be a machiim anytime you want it.
• 14:30
  And then that's when it's us or the rice and the abundant and
• 14:35
  you got and you got to get rid of it.
• 14:37
  When do we have to remove it all?
• 14:40
  When do you have to remove it all?
• 14:42
  So as the artificial can point out only in that one case by the
• 14:47
  by the Goran because your threshold place, because there
• 14:52
  it looks again, it depends on the situation.
• 14:54
  It's not going too bogged down in that situation.
• 14:57
  It looks like you want it. It's in your property.
• 15:01
  You left it there on purpose. You trimmed all the way around
• 15:04
  it, and then you left one stalk of barley and one stalk of
• 15:06
  wheat. So it looks like you want it.
• 15:08
  So that's when it's a problem and you have to get rid of
• 15:10
  everything in general. OK, let me just say it in a
• 15:13
  field in general, you never have to get rid of all of it.
• 15:18
  If it got there by accident, If you put it there on purpose, you
• 15:24
  messed up. You made a mistake.
• 15:26
  Now you got to remove all of it or remove one of them.
• 15:30
  But or all of them up to 124. No, no.
• 15:33
  If you planted it there on purpose, then you have to remove
• 15:37
  all of it. If it the mixture ended up over
• 15:41
  there, then you can leave it as long as it's less than 1 to 24.
• 15:47
  OK, I hope that was not too complicated.
• 15:51
  So let's read inside Tedvov yeh zhayim villanot Akhairim.
• 15:56
  See this is where you have planting and grafting come in
• 16:01
  Alpha pishehim Shnemini Mitivan. Even though they they seem quite
• 16:08
  different in the way they look or the way they grow the tree or
• 16:12
  the has some of its properties. Hoyil, the alien shezed domain,
• 16:17
  the alien shezed, but in some ways are quite different.
• 16:22
  Whatever they are, how it grows, how you plant it, whatever it
• 16:25
  is. But their leaves are so similar.
• 16:28
  Opri choset do mother Pi choset or the fruits are so similar.
• 16:34
  Dignon Gadot Sobet, Achiyuki Shenegvan.
• 16:38
  You mean FI so that they look like it's the same thing from
• 16:42
  one meaning maybe at least the color change that we can all
• 16:45
  agree with, right? If it melons, basically it's
• 16:48
  just a color change between melons, not including
• 16:51
  watermelon. So then we say it's mean.
• 16:53
  Ephad look lashishulam kilaim zaim zaeh.
• 16:57
  We say it's for sure one mean and we don't worry about it,
• 17:01
  right, With the different types of gourd, squashes, pumpkins and
• 17:04
  watermelons, they are don't they don't look quite that similar,
• 17:08
  right? And cucumbers and squash, they
• 17:11
  don't look quite that similar. Quesa alephito Y matzon.
• 17:15
  Oh, here, here's an example of turnip and radishes.
• 17:17
  They do look quite similar. One's bigger than the other anam
• 17:21
  Kilaim zebaze. So certainly it's not Kilaim
• 17:23
  with one to another. It's like I mentioned.
• 17:25
  The question is, is are turnip in radish the same as their
• 17:29
  lefit dense known? OK, not a hunt.
• 17:32
  Maybe it's not 100% clear fun bipinasia priam shabim because
• 17:37
  their fruits are the same. They have lefit IMA nafos, but
• 17:41
  this turnip with this nafos anam kilaim, those are also not
• 17:46
  Kilaim zebaze. Why?
• 17:48
  Because in Panesia alim shavim you look their leaves are the
• 17:51
  same. They look the same.
• 17:52
  Basically, if the fruits are similar and the leaves are the
• 17:55
  same evolts non imanifus. So interesting.
• 17:59
  Even though a might go with B&B might go with C, but then you
• 18:02
  take A to C alpha P so but their leaves also look similar.
• 18:09
  But they have pre domain lepri and you look at their fruits,
• 18:13
  they look similar. Hare a look Qi am.
• 18:15
  It's still Qi am though. Why Hoyo Vita am prize, Rafoc
• 18:19
  MITA am prize? Because the taste of the fruit
• 18:23
  is very different, right? Melons in general are fairly
• 18:27
  similar. Not, not, not identical, but
• 18:29
  they're not rafocs and museum, that's for sure.
• 18:32
  But these two are rafocs and museum Bioterra very different.
• 18:35
  So that overrides that. They're similar with the leaves
• 18:38
  and with the just the look McCain Cole, coyote baillo.
• 18:42
  And so here just you have an easy guy to go ahead to go ahead
• 18:44
  and work with again, it's not so easy maybe, but that's the way
• 18:48
  for the round one. It was a little more simple.
• 18:51
  OK, right. OK, maybe we'll do one more.
• 18:54
  We'll just start with this. Ted Zion, Vamer Vamer, Mark
• 18:59
  Hakim. OK, now, so we spoke about
• 19:02
  Kilian mixtures. Now you have to separate them.
• 19:04
  How much do you have to separate Bein Shne mines, Reims, how far
• 19:08
  you have to separate them? Shahem Kilaim Zains the other
• 19:10
  Kilaim one to another. If they are Kalam Kadeshu moved
• 19:14
  the limbs and mizer, right. How far apart must they be so
• 19:17
  that it's kosher? It's mutter aval.
• 19:19
  Well, it's always kosher. They make up mutter aval even
• 19:22
  near him. She needs rubber of you.
• 19:24
  But if it looks like they are all planted in one big mixture.
• 19:27
  Harry is a ASA. So then it's going to be ASA
• 19:30
  Shurim Rabin. Yeesh.
• 19:32
  Baraka Zoo. And there are many different
• 19:35
  measurements, OK, different rules of how to distance them.
• 19:41
  And some are going to be more Derisa even based on looks,
• 19:45
  right? Derisa is also somewhat based on
• 19:47
  looks. They need to look different.
• 19:49
  Some of them might, some of the different distances might be
• 19:51
  Derabanam Akolafi, Godal Hassadeh and his rat.
• 19:55
  But it also makes a difference based on, well, let's keep
• 19:58
  reading the, the size of the fields that you're planting,
• 20:02
  Ulifi rova alim. And based on how much the the
• 20:08
  leaves grow, how much the plants grow, the the vegetables grow.
• 20:11
  We share the stocks, we shibuwaki on a coat and how much
• 20:15
  of an irrigation system they need.
• 20:17
  All these things play into it. Keitzad, for example, or how
• 20:21
  Sade oshaita zura mintevua. You have a field that you
• 20:25
  already planted or you want to plant grain, right?
• 20:29
  The five grains ubique shusura, but see the mintevua akharit.
• 20:34
  But Sade akhar now next to it, right?
• 20:37
  It's your property. We're calling it a different,
• 20:40
  but it's all your property and you want to plant right next to
• 20:44
  it a different, a different type of grain.
• 20:48
  So Marquis bineum bait Rova, you have to distance between the
• 20:53
  two. We're going to explain this, the
• 20:55
  geometry a little bit more. There's a couple of variable
• 20:57
  options, but basically the magic number is a bait Rova.
• 21:02
  What's a bait Rova? It's this is from Rova Cav.
• 21:09
  So in other words, and the Cav, there's six Calvinists sail.
• 21:13
  So it's 124th of a bait sail, bait sail.
• 21:18
  We learnt this 50 by 50 Alma. So a bait Rova will be a couple
• 21:23
  different possibilities could be 10.2 * 10.2 or 10.4 * 10,
• 21:28
  whatever it is. Molokas K but who the realm
• 21:31
  writes K Esser almos bakhomesh AMA Al Esser almos bakhomesh AMA
• 21:37
  10.2 by on by 10.2 Amos. That's the sheer Neruba square
• 21:45
  right? It's to be square Bain mean emsa
• 21:48
  or Bain mean hatzad. Whether it's in the middle, you
• 21:52
  want to in the middle of your patch, you want to make a a
• 21:55
  break and then plant something else or from the side from one
• 21:58
  to another. Does it make a difference?
• 22:00
  The IM loyabenim kashiour ZE. If you didn't have this much of
• 22:05
  a break, a sewer, it's us or it's a plant over there.
• 22:08
  The second, second tahua, the anal loca.
• 22:12
  But you don't get malchus. Adshiya karolbin bittorf shisha
• 22:16
  tsvakim. It's a shisha.
• 22:18
  You only get malchus of 6 svakim because that's when it's a sheer
• 22:23
  doraisa. Shira's six Tvakim's doraisa
• 22:27
  base rova pashus is only derabana.
• 22:29
  OK, we'll stop.