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The Mamluk Sultanate's Last Stand: Why Egypt Fell to the Ottomans
In 1517, the Ottoman Empire conquered Cairo, ending the 267-year rule of the Mamluk Sultanate. This episode tells the story of that last stand through the eyes of Sultan Tuman Bay II, the final Mamluk ruler who fought to the bitter end. We cover the Battle of Marj Dabiq in 1516, where the Mamluk army was shattered by Ottoman artillery and gunpowder tactics. We explore the internal decay of the Mamluk state: the black market in Circassian slave-soldiers, the devastating plague of 1492, and the collapse of the spice trade after Vasco da Gama's voyages. We discuss Selim I's cold…
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