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Leo Investing Into a Startup Going to LEO · Made of Stars

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Warning. The following podcast contains an entertaining look at astronomy, physics, and
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space news throughout the known universe. Listeners have been known to learn about astronomical
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phenomenon the scientific method, and expand the vocabulary to include terms like quasar asterism
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and uranus. Listen, that's your own risk. Go ahead. Where made
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of stars, Made of stars, Made stars. You could be from High
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Hollywood, New Mexico, Mars Where stars we are made of stars. Joined
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by'm a good friend, doctor Sean Kruzen from Columbus State University's Coca Cola Space
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Science Center. I'm Wes Carol Sean. We have talked about Leo's over the
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years, whether it's the constellation or Low Earth orbit. I don't know that
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we've ever specifically talked about, you know, the Leo as in DiCaprio,
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but now we have. I would have to go back and review our show
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library to really see if we invoked the great Leo of Leonardo DiCaprio. I'm
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not really sure. I mean, he did play Howard Hughes, right,
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so he did he did there. I don't know, could be uh,
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you know, maybe we Yeah, it's possible that we referenced him with that,
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uh and the aviator. But he's, uh, he's doing some stuff
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and I think it's no big secret. Anybody who has heard anything about him
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over the years knows that he is a an advocate for you know, dealing
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with climb, change, the environment, wildlife, all of those things.
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And he is working on a project. He's gotten involved in a project as
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an investor for this company called new View. Yeah. So there's a story
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out on space news dot com talking about how Leonardo DiCaprio's Foundation, which supports
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organizations protecting wildlife, preserving threatened ecosystems, and addressing climate change in a variety
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of manners, as now invested in invested with a company called new View,
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which is a startup space company that's looking to put in a constellation, not
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the constellation of Leo, by the way, but a constellation of satellites.
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And it kind of would be the constellation of Leo, then wouldn't and it's
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just a different Leo. It might be Leo's constellation, but it's not a
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constellation. It's not the constellation LEO. That's fair. The constellation might be
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occupying Lee, which is low Earth orbit. All of these Leo's is getting
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or getting very confusing. If they could shape it in his face, maybe
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they could just shape it in his face. And anyway, what if a
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constellation in the shape of Leon Leonardo DiCaprio's face was orbiting the Earth in the
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direction of the constellation Leo while also being in low Earth orbit, which we
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would call Leo, that would be a Leo Leo Leo and it was playing
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the Blessed Union of Soul song he likes me for me, she likes me
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for me, whatever it's called. And then that would be another right,
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another reference to Leo. So many I guarantee we've never I guarantee we've never
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once mentioned Blessed Union of Souls on this show. I don't think I have
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no certain I am certain we've never mentioned them. I don't remember a time
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where you did. But I am darn sure that I not. That not
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that I shouldn't, but I mean, I just haven't. I just pretty
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confident that I have not. Anyway, So what is a constellation. While
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a constellation, think of it like a big ring of satellites orbiting around the
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Earth simultaneously and not running into each other. So that is a group of
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satellites orbiting the Earth in a ring. That is an assembly of satellites that
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we call a constellation. So that's where the word constellation comes from. And
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these constellations from the company called new View will be equipped with light AR yet
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another acronym, but it's not LEO is lightar. LIGHTAR is light detection and
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ranging. So light detection and ranging is a technology which can provide measurements of
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the altitude of the satellite above whatever surface is below on the Earth. Well,
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what that really allows you to do is measure the surface of the Earth
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with high precision. And so these light detection and ranging satellites or light our
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satellites can come up with high accuracy measurements of the surface of the Earth down
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to centimeter level. So think about that. That's just really incredible. They
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can measure the texture of the surface of the Earth to within centimeters. Now,
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when you get that kind of super high accurate measurements of the surface of
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the Earth, there are a variety of things that you can do with that
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data which can tell you a lot about what's happening on the surface of the
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Earth, whether it's deforestation or how crops are being planted. Or what kind
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of changes are happening to the surface of the Earth due to the swelling and
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rising of the Earth or the lithosphere, let's say, or changes in water
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levels or changes in ice levels. So all of these kinds of things are
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important data if you happen to be an environmental scientist and you're trying to figure
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out how the environment is changing on the surface of the Earth. Co founder
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and CEO of New View as a gentleman by the name of Clint Grauman,
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and in this story on Space News he has this quote, Every collection of
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Lighter data is in three D natively, which means that as soon as you
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pull the data off, you already have a three D rendering of the surface
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of the Earth, which is really cool to again carry on with this quote,
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it says it enables us to see through a canopy of trees to get
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a three D rendering of what's beneath. You can create surface models at the
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top of the canopy as well as terrain models of what's below in one collection,
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in the same set of measurements. So that's really really a cool technology.
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And again, just use your imagination, you can see why that would
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be very important information if you're trying to if you're trying to study large sections
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of land surface to model various environmental impacts of a variety of changes that can
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occur on the Earth's surface. So this is why this company is producing this
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new sensing technology. And they already have one point one billion dollars in early
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adopter agreements with a variety of customers who'll get this speedy access to geospatial data
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from these roughly twenty dishwasher sized satellites orbiting around the Earth, possibly in the
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shape of Leonardo DiCaprio's face as they formed that constellation. All right, let's
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talk about the Psyche mission. This was something that was supposed to I guess
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initially they had hoped to launch in August of last year. They now have
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a new date for it, which will be October of this year. Um,
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this is a mission. The intent is to go to a metal rich
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asteroid and uh study it. And I suppose they estimate the metal values on
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this asteroid US as really high. We'll get to the number in a minute.
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I just want to point out that this, you know, and when
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you hear about this mission and you revisit this mission in general, Uh,
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it's it's to me the most ambitious, at least from a financial standpoint.
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Uh, since Andy Griffith and the dad from Silver Spoons built a rocket in
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a junkyard, uh and decided to go to the Moon and get all the
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NASA artifacts from there in salvage them and bring them home. So I mean
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it's on par with that at least. So I just I'm trying to salvage
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one salvage that's right. TV movie that became a TV series. And I
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started watching this now about a month ago. A friend mentioned it and I
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thought, I can't believe I've I've never heard of this, I've never seen
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it, and I'm gonna be honest with you. When I started watching it,
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I thought, okay, I'm settling down for what's going to be clearly
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a terrible movie. And surprisingly for nineteen seventy nine, it was a lot
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better than I expected it to be. And the series hasn't really been that
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bad either. Now that's a little bit, you know to it. You
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know, you have to expect, and the CGI is not really CGI.
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It's very you know, a model flying at the moon or whatever kind of
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thing. But anyway, but you know, that was really ambitious. This
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is somehow even more ambitious. I mean, they weren't expecting to get ten
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thousand quadrillion dollars for the night. Before we get off the subject of Salvage
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one, yeah, let's just let's just remind ourselves that since the time that
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that series has been made, and I actually remember that that movie in series
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two, I just couldn't remember what the name of it was from my childhood.
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I remembered it. Since that series has been made, I believe that
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all of the Apollo Landing sites have been made World Heritage Sites and they've been
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designated protective areas. So basically Andy Griffith was going up there and vandalizing world.
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Harry, and I hope that he's proud of this, you know,
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is a part of his legacy. Let's just say Andy Taylor would not have
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done it, but Harry whatever his name is, in Salvage one, he's
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all about it. And now we understand where the dad from Silver Spoons got
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all of his money from, because you know, there's no I don't think
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at any point in the movie or in the series does he have that train
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that runs through his house. So I think clearly that's NASA money that he's
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using to buy that train and riding around in his house. I mean,
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let's face it, Andy Griffith played some dark roles, you know, I
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mean here, I mean Andy Taylor was great, and you know Opie and
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you know the fishing hole and all that stuff. But Andy Griffith himself played
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some dark roles clearly. And I believe the Salvage one is one of those
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where he's vandalizing world hairtage sites, you know, just tearing apart human history.
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Well it's just sell it for profit. Yeah, spoiler alert. You
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know he ends up, you know, either giving it to or selling it
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back to the American government. I don't remember if they I don't know if
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they clarified which it was. There wasn't agreed upon price that was going to
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be paid for it. I don't know if they the way that they kind
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of cleaned it all up at the end, it did go back to the
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American government, so that that may have redeemed him. I mean, maybe
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he bought some redemption and the dad from Silverspoons bought a train the collector of
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Rare Antiquities, that's right, Yes, at least the gentlemen, if you
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are a collector of rare antiquities, or just want to make you know quadrillions
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of dollars. We're gonna tell you how that's done in this story. This
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is this is an insane I can't even wrap my brain around the money part
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of it because of we'll get to the money. But ten thousand quadrillion dollars
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is nuts. I mean I can't even comprehend. I mean I can't comprehend
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a billion dollars. Really, when people start talking about so and so has
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forty billion dollars, I can't really understand that ten thousand quadrillion dollars. It
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doesn't even make sense. Yeah, we have an exercise that we do in
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my intro astronomy class for college students where we compare one hundred thousand of something
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to a million of something, to a billion of something to a trillion of
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something. And I know a lot of those words sound alike, but they
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really mean very different things. And so we do that by a spatial comparison
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about how far various stacks of these items would go if those are the numbers
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of such items that you have. I do not go up to ten thousand
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quadrillion because I think the point is made by the time you get to a
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trillion of something, not quadrillion, ten thousand quadrillion. So anyway, there's
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an asteroid, ladies and gentlemen, it's called sixteen Psyche, and sixteen Psyche
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has been studied by astronomers, and it's been determined that this asteroid is probably
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mostly just a solid chunk of space metal. And you see solid chunks of
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space metal, well, they tend to have lots of really valuable, rare
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Earth elements on the inside of them, not to mention just a bunch of
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iron, which itself can be made into steel, it is also valuable.
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So if that asteroid has the metal content, which astronomers have kind of assumed
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that it has now based on their not just assumptions, ladies and gentlemen,
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based on measurements, right, based on measurements and modeling, if it really
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is made of that kind of metal, some people have estimated the worth of
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all that metal if it could be brought back and sold on today's market.
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Okay, so it's kind of a little bit of a hypothetical game. Wow,
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what if we could bring all the metal from sixteen Psyche back to Earth
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and put it out there on the current metals market and sell it at market
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prices. Well, that's where the estimate of ten thousand quadrillion dollars comes from.
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This estimate that I'm reading is on a website called mining dot com.
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So this is what miners have assumed, knowing what they know from NASA about
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the asteroid, if they could get ahold of that, bring it back to
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Earth, and actually sell it on the metals market, they assume they could
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make ten thousand quadrillion dollars. Now before people out there who know something about
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the story starts saying, well, wait a minute, I heard a different
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number. Yeah, I have to There are all kinds of numbers out there
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that people have estimated this in places including like Forbes magazine and a variety of
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other places. Safe to say, it's a lot of money, okay,
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So so it's on the order of magnitude of ten quadrillion dollars, which,
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by the way, mining dot com also points out that if you could do
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that, that would generate one point two billion dollars for every person on Earth,
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all seven point eight billion of us would get a check for one point
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two billion dollars. If somehow we could sell that on today's metal markets.
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So anyway, that's a that's a it's a bit of cash, you know,
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it's it's it's a drop in the bucket. We can dream. I
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mean, that would be a little terrain that runs through your house for everybody.
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Yeah, I mean, the whole world's economy in nineteen twenty nineteen,
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anyway, was based one hundred and forty two trillion dollars. One hundred and
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forty two trillion dollars is nothing compared to ten thousand quadrillion dollars. Well,
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it's not nothing, it's just small. Okay, So it's small compared to
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ten thousand quadrillion dollars, and so yeah's it would be far greater than the
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world's economy. Never mind that the metals market would simply tank with the idea
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that it was being brought back to Earth. We won't talk about that part.
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But it's a really interesting asteroid, not just because of all the metals
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that could provide to the Earth, but what it tells us about the early
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Solar System and the development of planets. You see, this thing is probably
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the differentiated core of a former planet that was smashed apart in planetary collisions.
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And that differentiated core with all the heavy metals that sunk down to the middle
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got thrown off into space as its own self standing object, which tells us
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a lot about the evolution and development of the planets in the Solar System as
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well. And that's really why NASA wants to go there. They want to
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go there to investigate for scientific reasons, this really cool object that they've discovered.
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Now, the mission to go there, as West pointed out, is
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called Psyche, named after the astronaut, not to the astronaut, I've still
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got Andy Griffith in my head now, named after the asteroid, So it's
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the mission is named after the asteroid. It was supposed to have launched in
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August of twenty twenty two, but the mission itself rand into some complications,
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some slowdowns, and this story on NASA dot gov today is telling us that
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some of those issues have been resolved, and an independent committee that was designed
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to look at the status of the mission of Psyche has now reported that they
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are back on track and probably on track for an October twenty twenty three launch.
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So it looks like that mission out to this really interesting, crazy asteroid
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almost solid metal is going to happen in October of this year. So that's
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the good news and the really important part of the of the story. Once
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again, we like to point out when we talk about SpaceX on the show,
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because we seem to do it a lot, but that Psyche mission will
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launch atop a SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket, not the Super heavy, not the
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one that's going to take starship that's in kind of FAA investigation right now.
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It's Falcon Heavy, a workhorse that's demonstrated its capabilities, and it's slated for
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launch on launch Pad thirty nine A at the Kennedy Space Er. So we
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also have and we're not going to count the Andy Griffith one, but if
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we did, since that was a fictional story, but if we counted it,
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and then we counted the one we just did, we have a third
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extraction story, this one similar to Andy Griffith. This one takes place on
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the Moon. But no, it's not NASA artifacts. We're just mining space.
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So we're doing much. I mean, we're really just you know,
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money grubbers that want to just make a living off of space, but not
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to the degree of Andy Griffith stealing from you know, historical site by the
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way. The Salvage one movie that launched the series available for free on YouTube
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if you want to watch it if you're curious what we're talking about. And
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then the series itself that came after. I didn't find that on YouTube,
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but it's free on the app Crackle, so just FYI if you're curious,
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and if you want to see in the second episode Andy Griffith fight I don't
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know Bigfoot or whatever it was. I mean, it starts to get a
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little I'll just tell you that when I tell you in the second episode there's
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spider monkeys and bigfoot. Just know that's what you're getting. But the first
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the movie is a little more on par with this show. That's all I'm
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saying. Well, now, wait a minute, I got questions. Did
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did Andy Griffith fight Bigfoot first? Or was it the six million dollars man?
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I don't know. Uh. First, that's a great that's a great
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question. And it's not technically bigfoot, but it's kind of a big it's
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some sort of a you know, giant ape on this island, but it
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looks like a big foot. I mean that's all I can tell you.
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Yeah, I mean, it's not Lufarigno in a big foot suit. But
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there's there's something going on there. Maybe it was Lufarigno. You don't see
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his face, but anyway, but it was nice to know that Andy could
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still handle himself sheriff without a gun baby after he's got to eat now,
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I mean it might have been lou We don't know. I don't know.
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I hope to have a chance to ask him in a couple of months.
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I hope he's back for Dragon Con. I'd love to I'd love to ask
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him. Well, okay, let's reel it in. Let's reel it in,
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kids. Let's talk about science. So if you were on the moon
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without any oxygen, that would be bad, and you might a ten thousand
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quadrillion dollars to have some oxygen because you'd want to breathe. So so this
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see how I link the story. This is like beautiful broadcast. You're weaving
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it together. You're weaving the tapestry together. So the next time you have
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ten thousand quadrillion dollars and you're on the moon, you want to buy some
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oxygen, you might have to buy it from Airbus. That's right, the
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manufacturers of the aircraft. Airbus because Airbus the company. According to a story
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on Universe today dot com, it's a great story, by the way,
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go out there and read it. Great website, great story. Go check
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out the story about Airbus developing something called the regul lith to Oxygen and metals
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Conversion System, or we like to call it short roxy, or actually they
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like to call it short roxy. So the acronym roxy r O x Y
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has to combine all kinds of letters that they really aren't at the front of
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the word. But don't worry about it. Just call it roxy Regulith to
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oxygen and metals conversion system. That technology is being developed so that we can
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actually go up to the Moon and from the regulith. If you don't know
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what that word is, that's just the dirt that's on the surface of the
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Moon that's been pulverized by literally millions and millions of years of asteroid impacts or
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micrometeorite impacts. So that regulith up there, that fine dust contains oxygen and
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metals. An Airbus has built a system that will allow them to extract that
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material from that lunar regulith. So if you're an astronaut and you're trying to
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colonize the Moon, and you just brought too small of a suitcase to fit
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all those steel gurgers and systems to produce oxygen. All you really need is
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roxy because rocks. So you can take the actual dirt on the surface of
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the Moon and pull the oxygen out of it so that you can breathe,
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and also pull the metals out of it so that you can build various pieces
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of construction objects. This is a process known as in C two resource utilization.
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It means going there and pulling the materials you need off the surface of
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whatever world you're exploring, because it's really, really, really expensive to launch
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those materials from the surface of the Earth. So you just go up there
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and you make your own oxygen to breathe. You then also have oxygen for
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rocket fuel, and you make the metals you need to build tools or equipment
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or structures on the surface of the Moon, and you simply pull that stuff
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right out of the regulith, the dirt of the lunar surface itself. Ladies
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and Gentleman Airbus developing this technology has also said that it's an environ mentally friendly
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process because other extracting processes to pull metals out of the soil here on Earth
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tend to emit greenhouse gases. Let us remind ourselves the greenhouse gases at this
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time are not really a problem on the surface of the Moon because it doesn't
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have an atmosphere. But okay, we understand that sometimes spinoff technologies also happen,
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right, So ROXY might actually be used in Earth based spinoff projects.
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So then generating greenhouse gases or the lack of generated greenhouse gases might become an
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important factor. So a couple of really cool notable items from the ROXY program
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from Airbus. It's going to allow the production of oxygen metals on the lunar
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surface and potentially have spinoffs usable on the surface of the Earth that won't pollute
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Earth's atmosphere. Way to go, Airbus, nicely done. Coming up after
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a quick break. We talked sometimes about science fiction having an impact on science
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and we have a story that relates to that. We'll get into that next.
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By the way, during the break, I checked a six million dollar
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man fought Bigfoot in nineteen seventy six. Andy Griffith fought Bigfoot in nineteen seventy
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nine, So there you go. Just if you were, you know,
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if you're keeping score at home and you wanted to know who was the first
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to fight and defeat Bigfoot. I don't remember. I remember the phenomenon of
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all of this. I was very young during all of this. I don't
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remember much talk about because I had the toy, the Bigfoot toy in the
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six million dollars man toy. I did not have the Andy Griffith and Bigfoot
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toy, which would have been great. I can just tell you, sorry
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again, spoiler alert. One of the ways Andy Griffith fights Bigfoot is with
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a really bright flashlight. Wow. Really, that's really bright flash I mean
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that's using space based technologies. Hey, hey, it's the show. Anyway,
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the show is it's a weird, just like it's almost like the A
26:33
Team because they're doing these little missions. But yeah, they're they're solved their
26:37
problem solvers. Man, They're they're they're using science. They use some real
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like there's actual scientific work going on in some of these shows. I know,
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you go, well, where did Bigfoot come into play? I don't
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know. I can't, I can't. I can just tell you that you
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put Bigfoot in front of Andy Griffith and a flashlight. He's gonna figure out
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how to defeat Bigfoot with a flashlights. There's a little mcguey ver esque,
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I guess. Anyway, Speaking of science, well, I were gonna say
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that, you know, Jimmy Stewart like was fending off attackers with a flashbulb.
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Yeah, a very important Alfred Hitchcock movie. So you know it could
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be done. I would say, yeah, you know in the in the
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world of science versus science fiction, we've seen it in science fiction a number
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of times. Also, you know, in the seventies there was another phenomenon
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going on. It was a little bigger than I would say either of those
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big Foot stories. We saw the tractor beam playing out in uh in Star
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Wars, and we've seen it in a number of things, and it's like,
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is this a possibility? Is a real life tractor beam something that could
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really happen? And researchers are trying to make this happen. I mean it
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was a fixture on the enterprise absolutely, Yeah, there you go. Yeah,
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they were either using their tractor beam or getting caught in somebody else's tractor
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right. I can tell you that if if Andy Griver had a tractor beam,
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he would have kicked bigfoots, but really quick could he could have gotten
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All they needed to do is get near the moon and he could have salvaged
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all that stuff. He didn't have to go to the moon. He could
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have just got with a flashlight. I mean, who knows what he could
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have done with a tracker beam World domination. I think that's right too much.
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Researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder, who are probably like deleting this
28:29
podcast from their computers right now, are working on an actual tractor beam system
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for space ladies and gentlemen. This is This is not Andy Griffith, Star
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Trek or Star Wars. This is real. Okay, so actual scientists and
28:44
engineers working on a tractor beam system specifically trying to solve the difficult problem of
28:52
rogue space debris. You see, when you fly a spaceship in orbit around
28:57
the Earth at something a pro eximating seventeen thousand miles an hour, the last
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thing you want is a piece of someone else's tail light flying through your spacecraft
29:08
at tens of thousands of miles an hour, or in other words, any
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piece of debris could become very hazardous, and the space environment has become increasingly
29:19
littered with other people's spaceship junk, and that whole cluttering of the space environment
29:30
in low Earth orbit or LEO, that whole cluttering of that LEO space environment
29:36
is a problem needing to be solved because as it grows, it's going to
29:41
prohibit spacecraft from being able to safely operate in those environments due to the possible
29:47
collisions. Was space debris, So what if, ladies and gentlemen, a
29:52
system was invented that could simply use electrostatic forces to either attract or repel metal
30:03
based space debris, That would be helpful, right, And yes, ladies,
30:11
gentlemen, the scientists and engineers at the University of Colorado Boulder, led
30:15
by a gentleman by the name of Hans Peter Shab, who's the chair of
30:18
the Department of Aerospace Engineering Sciences, is actually working on such a system.
30:23
A quote from doctor Shab says, we're creating an attractive or repulsive electrostatic force.
30:30
It's similar to the tractor bamuc on Star Trek, although not nearly as
30:36
powerful. End quote. All Right, So they're working on that system and
30:41
they're hoping to be able to develop it because many of the systems right now
30:48
that are being developed to mitigate the problem of space debris rely on one important
30:53
problem. They have to actually come in contact with a space debris. They
30:56
have to touch it. And these are things like nets or like to simply
31:02
collisional or some kind of a collisional system where it knocks it out of orbit
31:07
and things fall. But all of these things. Anytime you're touching two pieces
31:11
of orbiting material together, you have the possibility of making those pieces of debris
31:17
tumble or take on unintentional trajectories that might make them more of a hazardin problem.
31:23
And so imagine if you could kind of sweep up this debris without ever
31:30
touching it, based on the use of electrostatic forces. Again to quote one
31:36
of the researchers on this project, this time a doctoral student by the name
31:40
of Kaylee Champion. Kayley says, touching things in space is very dangerous.
31:45
Objects are moving very fast and often unpredictable. This could happen, I'm sorry.
31:49
This could open up a lot of safer avenues for servicing spacecraft and removing
31:56
space debris. So this is a quote in an article on Universe today dot
32:00
com addressing the real life tractor beam being developed by this team of researchers from
32:07
the University of Colorado at Boulder. You guys have partnership with a collaboration with
32:15
the folks at Callaway Gardens for astronomy nights. By all means, if you
32:21
go to an astronomy night at Callaway Gardens and talk to doctor Rosa Williams,
32:24
ask you to show you the constellation Leo in the sky. That's a callback.
32:30
Yeah, I mean, so Leo's up there. I'm saying it's you
32:32
know, it is in the sky. Yeah. So, if you want
32:37
to find out more information about our astronomy programs here at Coca Cola Space Science
32:40
Center, or in fact, any of the wonderful education programs we have at
32:45
Columbi State University's Coca Cola Space Science Center this summer, check out our website.
32:51
It's got a calendar of all of the nights that our astronomy team will
32:53
be out there with the telescopes showing people the nighttime sky. Check out the
33:00
website at www dot cc SSC dot org. Charlie Charlie SamSam Charlie dot org.
33:08
Those initials, by the way, in case you haven't figured it out
33:12
stand for Coca Cola Space Science Center. We don't work for the soft drink
33:19
company, ladies and gentlemen. We are employees of Columba State University. It's
33:23
just that the generous people at Coca Cola gave a very very nice gift to
33:30
help get our museum and science education facility going back in the year of nineteen
33:35
ninety six, and so we've been wearing their name ever since, very proudly
33:38
presenting science programs to our community and educating the next generation of scientists, engineers,
33:45
and science educators at our facility here at Columba State University. Once again,
33:49
find out all about our building, our facility, our programs, our
33:52
astronomy nights, all at the website www dot cc SSC dot org, Charlie
34:00
Charlie Sam Sam Charlie dot org. And we thank you for listening. We'll
34:04
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