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Transcript
- 0:00Speaker 1: Good and evil are philosophical concepts debated for centuries, but
- 0:06Speaker 1: psychology can help us understand why people stray from morality.
- 0:10Speaker 1: When discussing serial killers, people often ask, what happened in
- 0:15Speaker 1: their formative years? What pushed them over the edge? We
- 0:19Speaker 1: watch documentaries feeling relieved that it couldn't happen to us
- 0:23Speaker 1: or thinking we'd instantly recognize evil in others. But is
- 0:27Speaker 1: that true? It's easy to believe we're immune to evil,
- 0:32Speaker 1: but the uncomfortable reality is we all have the potential
- 0:38Speaker 1: to be shaped by our circumstances. Discussing morality can take
- 0:42Speaker 1: us to dark places, so consider this a trigger warning.
- 0:47Speaker 1: Situational Approach Our morals can slip from good to monstrous
- 0:53Speaker 1: when we let the situation change how we act. Most
- 0:57Speaker 1: of us behave differently depending on where we are or
- 1:00Speaker 1: who we're with. For example, when a CEO was assassinated,
- 1:04Speaker 1: some people who would never support murder ended up justifying
- 1:07Speaker 1: or even celebrating it because everyone else is. It shows
- 1:11Speaker 1: how easily we can bend our morals based on emotions
- 1:14Speaker 1: or what's going on around us. If we're not careful,
- 1:17Speaker 1: we might lose control over our own values. This is
- 1:21Speaker 1: also known as the Lucifer Effect. The Lucifer Effect is
- 1:25Speaker 1: a term coined by psychologist Philip Zimbardo, which refers to
- 1:30Speaker 1: the transformation of ordinary people into individuals capable of committing
- 1:33Speaker 1: acts of evil or brutality. It is largely based on
- 1:37Speaker 1: Zimbardo's Stanford Prison Experiment, a famous study from 1971 that
- 1:43Speaker 1: examined how individuals would conform to rules of authority or
- 1:47Speaker 1: submission in a simulated prison environment. We made a video
- 1:51Speaker 1: on that too. You can check it out here. Your
- 1:54Speaker 1: morals can shift more than you think depending on the situation.
- 1:58Speaker 1: Many of us believe we have strict codes, but circumstances
- 2:02Speaker 1: can push us further than we expect. Our moral boundaries
- 2:06Speaker 1: are more flexible than we realize. Morality influenced by authority.
- 2:12Speaker 1: Authority figures often sway our moral compass by making us
- 2:15Speaker 1: feel part of something larger. This happens not only in
- 2:18Speaker 1: extremes like wartime, but also in daily life. Leaders might
- 2:23Speaker 1: seem to guide us towards what's right, but history shows otherwise.
- 2:29Speaker 1: The atrocities of war, like Nazi soldiers just following orders,
- 2:34Speaker 1: demonstrate how we can de-individualize ourselves and excuse immoral actions.
- 2:40Speaker 1: A smaller example is kids who bully just to fit
- 2:42Speaker 1: in with a peer group. These figures also turn us
- 2:46Speaker 1: against others by dehumanizing them, as seen in Nazi propaganda,
- 2:51Speaker 1: or Euphemisms like ethnic cleansing. Even on a smaller scale,
- 2:56Speaker 1: friends can be authority figures, influencing our actions for approval.
- 3:02Speaker 1: Bullies use euphemistic language to justify mistreatment. For example, because
- 3:07Speaker 1: the person being bullied is labeled gross or weird, in
- 3:10Speaker 1: their minds, it's okay to pick on them, and they
- 3:13Speaker 1: deserve it. They justify their actions as helping or just pranking.
- 3:19Speaker 1: Toxic groups. Belonging to a friend group is great for
- 3:22Speaker 1: mental health, but as we seek people with shared interests,
- 3:26Speaker 1: it's hard to predict the future of these groups. For example,
- 3:31Speaker 1: the church burnings and murders in late 80s Norway were
- 3:33Speaker 1: tied to the black metal inner circle, which pushed members
- 3:37Speaker 1: to adopt an evil aesthetic. Over time, aesthetics alone weren't enough.
- 3:44Speaker 1: It's unclear if these individuals were good before joining, but
- 3:48Speaker 1: this illustrates the power of group influence. Many people claim
- 3:52Speaker 1: to hate gossip, but join in when their friends talk
- 3:55Speaker 1: negatively about someone. We tend to adopt the attitudes of
- 3:59Speaker 1: those we associate with. Not all groups are what they seem.
- 4:03Speaker 1: You may think your views are forming organically when they're
- 4:08Speaker 1: being pushed by those around you. For the health of
- 4:12Speaker 1: our social lives, we are often encouraged to endorse our
- 4:15Speaker 1: friends' viewpoints. A modern example is the incel community. Many
- 4:20Speaker 1: incels aren't inherently resentful towards women. They feel isolated and
- 4:24Speaker 1: seek comfort in shared experiences. In these communities, they may
- 4:29Speaker 1: find reassurance that their struggles are caused by women, not themselves.
- 4:34Speaker 1: While not all incels are violent... Harmful rhetoric has led
- 4:39Speaker 1: some to commit violence against women. Sociologist Randy Blazak notes
- 4:45Speaker 1: that teens, due to uncertainty and change, are especially vulnerable
- 4:49Speaker 1: to joining violent groups. The toll our vices take. A
- 4:55Speaker 1: single vice doesn't make a person evil, but if we
- 4:58Speaker 1: let our vices control us, they can change us and
- 5:02Speaker 1: influence our morals. For example... A good person who tries
- 5:07Speaker 1: gambling may find that the stress of large losses pushes
- 5:11Speaker 1: them to do something out of desperation. A porn addict
- 5:14Speaker 1: may believe it's morally right to assault someone. People whose
- 5:18Speaker 1: lives are controlled by drugs and alcohol may manipulate others
- 5:21Speaker 1: or engage in criminal activity to fuel their addiction. But
- 5:25Speaker 1: most people have watched porn, gambled, or tried alcohol without
- 5:29Speaker 1: a decline in their personality. These vices alone don't make
- 5:33Speaker 1: you a monster. In many cases, there needs to be
- 5:36Speaker 1: pre-existing conditions that facilitate a shift in someone's ethics. Research
- 5:42Speaker 1: links addictive personality traits with criminal behavior. Issues like bipolar
- 5:47Speaker 1: disorder can be worsened by alcohol, making mood swings worse.
- 5:52Speaker 1: A person who gets violent while drunk may have a
- 5:54Speaker 1: mental condition that alcohol exacerbates. Vices alone don't make someone evil,
- 5:59Speaker 1: but when combined with pre-existing struggles like addiction or mental illness,
- 6:04Speaker 1: they can lead to destructive behavior. So it's essential to
- 6:08Speaker 1: understand that these challenges don't define a person's entire identity.
- 6:13Speaker 1: When a severely ill person or someone with an addictive
- 6:17Speaker 1: personality becomes reliant on a vice, their morals could bend,
- 6:22Speaker 1: turning an otherwise good person into a monster. Addiction can
- 6:28Speaker 1: happen to anyone, no matter how morally upstanding. We must
- 6:32Speaker 1: learn not to demonize addicts and people who are suffering
- 6:36Speaker 1: from mental illness. Love and community have been shown to
- 6:39Speaker 1: help people overcome addiction more effectively than ostracism. How to
- 6:45Speaker 1: nurture the good in you. Sometimes being good also requires bravery.
- 6:50Speaker 1: It's difficult to say no when your friends want to
- 6:53Speaker 1: pick on someone. It's also difficult to say no to
- 6:56Speaker 1: your family or your boss. For people in the military,
- 6:59Speaker 1: the idea of disobeying orders and acting on independent principles
- 7:03Speaker 1: is borderline unthinkable. In your own life, look at the
- 7:07Speaker 1: groups you associate yourself with and whether or not their
- 7:11Speaker 1: morals truly line up with your own. Hate groups are
- 7:15Speaker 1: a breeding ground for turning good, but lost, people into monsters.
- 7:22Speaker 1: Loyalty to a group means nothing if being in that
- 7:24Speaker 1: group requires you to abandon all of your own morals.
- 7:28Speaker 1: It's never too late to walk away. Be aware of
- 7:30Speaker 1: how your vices are affecting your personality. If they're pushing
- 7:34Speaker 1: you towards desperation, making you take advantage of the people
- 7:37Speaker 1: who you care about, it might be time to try
- 7:41Speaker 1: to make a change. Again, that is easier said than done.
- 7:46Speaker 1: The overarching lesson is that being good is difficult and
- 7:49Speaker 1: no one is perfect. It takes practice. Let's keep the
- 7:53Speaker 1: conversation going in the comments. What do you think makes
- 7:55Speaker 1: good people monsters? If you enjoyed this video, let us
- 7:59Speaker 1: know by leaving a like. Remember to subscribe to Psych2Go
- 8:01Speaker 1: for more videos like this and see you in the
- 8:03Speaker 1: next one.