Latest / The MeatEater Podcast / Ep. 301: It Ain’t Just Chickens That Are Dinosaurs

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Ep. 301: It Ain’t Just Chickens That Are Dinosaurs · The MeatEater Podcast

• 0:08
  Speaker 1: This is me eat your podcast coming at you shirtless, severely,
• 0:13
  Speaker 1: bug bitten, and in my case, underwear listening Hunt Me podcast.
• 0:18
  Speaker 1: You can't predict anything presented by first, like creating proven
• 0:23
  Speaker 1: versatile hunting apparel from Marino bass layers to technical outerwear
• 0:27
  Speaker 1: for every hunt first like go farther, stay longer. All right,
• 0:36
  Speaker 1: everybody joined today by a super special guest and talk
• 0:39
  Speaker 1: about this one for a long time. Jack Horner, John R.
• 0:43
  Speaker 1: Jack Horner. How sick are you hearing about the How
• 0:51
  Speaker 1: sick are you hearing about Jurassic Park? A little bit?
• 0:54
  Speaker 1: Not at all? Well, I think I've had enough of it,
• 0:57
  Speaker 1: if that's what you mean. That's what I mean, like,
• 0:59
  Speaker 1: because here I am sitting here like as a as
• 1:01
  Speaker 1: a host, right, I'm in a real bind because I'm like, uh,
• 1:06
  Speaker 1: everyone on the planet, everyone on the planet, um knows
• 1:10
  Speaker 1: about that. And you've got to be pretty when did
• 1:12
  Speaker 1: that movie come out? You have to be either you
• 1:19
  Speaker 1: love it or you hate it. The people are like,
• 1:24
  Speaker 1: you know, Jack Horner, Jurassic Park, you burned out on it.
• 1:30
  Speaker 1: I don't know. You know, I've seen it, but I
• 1:32
  Speaker 1: don't know. It was fun to make, It was fun
• 1:35
  Speaker 1: to work with Steven Spielberg. It was, you know, fun
• 1:38
  Speaker 1: to work with everybody. But you know, I like my
• 1:42
  Speaker 1: science better. You're saying it's not representative, So you you
• 1:50
  Speaker 1: weren't tempted after doing that, You weren't tempted to be like,
• 1:52
  Speaker 1: you know what, piss on this science. I'm gonna go
• 1:55
  Speaker 1: into the I'm gonna go into the movie consultant business. No,
• 1:57
  Speaker 1: I wouldn't. I wouldn't. It wouldn't have rated my job
• 2:00
  Speaker 1: for any of theirs, for anything in this world. All right,
• 2:04
  Speaker 1: So you know what I'm gonna do. This is just
• 2:06
  Speaker 1: by way of introduction. I'm not gonna mention that ship
• 2:08
  Speaker 1: at all anymore. So I just had to get it
• 2:15
  Speaker 1: out of the way. Listen, you know how, who's the
• 2:17
  Speaker 1: guy that wrote all the songs that uh, Eric Clapton
• 2:21
  Speaker 1: made famous? J J Klee? Right. J J. Kle would
• 2:25
  Speaker 1: write a song you do it, no one care, and
• 2:27
  Speaker 1: then Captain Clapton to do it, and it'd be a
• 2:30
  Speaker 1: big hit. So after a while you'd start thinking j. J.
• 2:34
  Speaker 1: Klee either hates Eric Clapton or likes Eric Clapton, and
• 2:38
  Speaker 1: someone put it to him, and he's basically like, that
• 2:40
  Speaker 1: ship made me a lot of money, right, all the
• 2:45
  Speaker 1: class and songs, not that one about his kid in
• 2:47
  Speaker 1: the window and all that, but most of the class
• 2:49
  Speaker 1: captain songs. We're j jkle tunes. H Moving on, Jack,
• 2:55
  Speaker 1: We're gonna talk about of some stuff that has nothing
• 2:57
  Speaker 1: to do with your groove book, but please because there
• 3:02
  Speaker 1: might be some things you might a w in X
• 3:03
  Speaker 1: what we're talking about, some disease things. I don't know
• 3:05
  Speaker 1: if you have a gender. If you're like interested in
• 3:07
  Speaker 1: mammalogy at all, I like all oologies. It's good accept astrology.
• 3:16
  Speaker 1: Astrology like the kind where you like use it to
• 3:20
  Speaker 1: the plant is to pick your face. I was just
• 3:22
  Speaker 1: about to ask what that is, some dude, have you
• 3:26
  Speaker 1: covered off on astrology before? I'm not buying it. I'm
• 3:31
  Speaker 1: gonna go out like I know it's a it's a
• 3:33
  Speaker 1: rare opinion, but I'm not buying it. It has to
• 3:35
  Speaker 1: do with the moon, Steve, that's right, you like the moon.
• 3:39
  Speaker 1: But here's the thing, man, If I was gonna make
• 3:41
  Speaker 1: if I was going to break the people of the
• 3:43
  Speaker 1: planet into twelve groups, and these groups would help them
• 3:46
  Speaker 1: figure out how their day was going to go, I
• 3:48
  Speaker 1: would have groups like this. You'd be like there'd be
• 3:51
  Speaker 1: a group called your father was an alcoholic, can beat you? Okay,
• 3:55
  Speaker 1: and then you're your thing for the day would be
• 3:58
  Speaker 1: like today, you'll probably have some trust issues, right, and
• 4:01
  Speaker 1: I would like have a goal like that, like you're
• 4:03
  Speaker 1: extraordinarily wealthy. And then it might be like today you'll
• 4:06
  Speaker 1: probably have some existential crisis, but you probably won't be
• 4:10
  Speaker 1: too worried about finances, and it'd be like and it
• 4:13
  Speaker 1: would just be like so much more helpful then some
• 4:16
  Speaker 1: crazy shit about you know what I mean, you should
• 4:19
  Speaker 1: write a self help book because that seems I'm gonna
• 4:22
  Speaker 1: break the world population into twelve groups. Every day. Those
• 4:25
  Speaker 1: people will wake up look and they'll be like, oh,
• 4:26
  Speaker 1: that's how today we'll go. Right. Yeah, it'd be like
• 4:31
  Speaker 1: you suffer from debilitating depression would be one of the signs.
• 4:34
  Speaker 1: And it'll be like today is gonna be rough. Today
• 4:37
  Speaker 1: it's gonna be rough. Uh, but it will am someday
• 4:45
  Speaker 1: It'll all be over. Uh. Oh, we're gonna promo. We're
• 4:50
  Speaker 1: gonna promo our like our our tremendous proliferation of YouTube content.
• 4:56
  Speaker 1: Where should we start sourced with? Daniel Prue is just
• 4:59
  Speaker 1: wrapping up, dude, I just found out a thing about
• 5:02
  Speaker 1: Danielle today that I want to talk about so bad,
• 5:05
  Speaker 1: but I didn't check with her if it's okay to
• 5:07
  Speaker 1: talk about. It has to do with the It has
• 5:13
  Speaker 1: to do with the very pugnacious, very sensitive German hunting
• 5:19
  Speaker 1: dog community. Oh is this something we've already tackled new news?
• 5:26
  Speaker 1: Just how fussy, how fussy and feisty. Yeah, like if
• 5:32
  Speaker 1: her dog sneezed and lost its facial hair, it would
• 5:35
  Speaker 1: be called a totally different dog and highly regarded by
• 5:39
  Speaker 1: another set of very pugnacious German hunting dog aficionados. Yeah,
• 5:45
  Speaker 1: like what happened to Snort? How Snort lost hair on
• 5:48
  Speaker 1: its ear? They would come and they'd be like, um,
• 5:51
  Speaker 1: they'd want to come execute Snort her in a bag
• 5:55
  Speaker 1: and butt her in a river. She no longer represents
• 5:58
  Speaker 1: you know, right, You think those people would have got
• 6:01
  Speaker 1: over that kind of thing in the thirties. That's a
• 6:03
  Speaker 1: hell of a retrieve. But look at that tooth. But
• 6:06
  Speaker 1: I won't talk about until Danielle says we can talk
• 6:08
  Speaker 1: about it. But holy cow, it trumps all other crazy, fussy,
• 6:11
  Speaker 1: feisty German hunting dogs stuff we've covered. Well, it's a
• 6:18
  Speaker 1: rich story, but she might be a little pissed if
• 6:20
  Speaker 1: we talk about it. Uh. Um yeah, So Sourced with
• 6:25
  Speaker 1: daniel Prue was just wrapping up. Cal was on up. Cal.
• 6:28
  Speaker 1: Explain you were on an episode of Source. Talk about
• 6:30
  Speaker 1: that please. Um. So you know, Danielle is is very
• 6:35
  Speaker 1: food first oriented, very great at asking questions and and
• 6:41
  Speaker 1: finding out the why on what makes food good and interesting?
• 6:46
  Speaker 1: And um, I actually watched the last couple episodes last
• 6:53
  Speaker 1: night and um yeah yeah, super fun and and pick
• 6:58
  Speaker 1: up It entertaining, but it's also educational if if you
• 7:03
  Speaker 1: like to play around with with cooking wild game. So
• 7:06
  Speaker 1: like one of my favorite episodes is the episode with
• 7:10
  Speaker 1: Leeway and it's on dry edge fish, dry edge fish,
• 7:15
  Speaker 1: and um, there's it was hilarious because I was pulling
• 7:20
  Speaker 1: out some reef fish from Hawaii that had been marinating
• 7:23
  Speaker 1: in their own juices, and that was very high on
• 7:27
  Speaker 1: the list of things not to do in the episode.
• 7:30
  Speaker 1: He wasn't really crazy about that. No, No, dry fish, Um,
• 7:36
  Speaker 1: as fast as possible. He doesn't like when you catch
• 7:39
  Speaker 1: fish put in the ziplock bag and then it kind
• 7:41
  Speaker 1: of thaws a couple of times. Yeah, and then later
• 7:44
  Speaker 1: you heavy kids, you do what your kids would catch
• 7:47
  Speaker 1: up that would that would that would be listed as
• 7:49
  Speaker 1: not the way. Um. But yeah, great, great series entertaining
• 7:53
  Speaker 1: really pretty like very pretty food um, and then you
• 7:58
  Speaker 1: know plenty of very pretty getting outside uh and getting
• 8:04
  Speaker 1: you in the mindset of how you get that food.
• 8:08
  Speaker 1: We also got B side Fishing with our very own
• 8:11
  Speaker 1: Joel Ster Mellie Sooe. Joe hosts the Bent podcast and
• 8:13
  Speaker 1: uh season two A B side Fishing is out. Um.
• 8:17
  Speaker 1: Episode one was on shad. Episode two is on Snakehead
• 8:21
  Speaker 1: Uh snakehead fish, which Joe is like a big snakehead apologist. Um,
• 8:26
  Speaker 1: dude's funnier in hell. I love that guy. Check that
• 8:28
  Speaker 1: one out. And then right now, which is which is
• 8:31
  Speaker 1: uh I'm super high on is the one week in
• 8:35
  Speaker 1: November series you bolways listen, you always could have messed
• 8:39
  Speaker 1: that whole thing up, but you didn't. How could have
• 8:41
  Speaker 1: we mess it up by all of you going out
• 8:43
  Speaker 1: and not getting anything? You guys toured a new one. Yeah,
• 8:46
  Speaker 1: you guys like almost mess it up because you got
• 8:49
  Speaker 1: shipped too quick too. They get too me dear, I
• 8:54
  Speaker 1: mean not to me dear, because it's it's just like
• 8:55
  Speaker 1: a dear per Parson, but still it is just white
• 8:59
  Speaker 1: tails though, yeah, you know, just white tails. I didn't
• 9:02
  Speaker 1: counter some mule deer on my hunts, so you got that. Like,
• 9:05
  Speaker 1: give everybody the premise of One Week in November. We
• 9:07
  Speaker 1: have four hunters kill five bucks across seven different states
• 9:12
  Speaker 1: for one week in November, and met Eater hasn't done
• 9:14
  Speaker 1: anything like this before where they wrap up filming something
• 9:17
  Speaker 1: and ten days later it's on YouTube been available. So
• 9:20
  Speaker 1: this was really like targeting the seasonality of November and
• 9:26
  Speaker 1: being excited about the rout by the time this episode
• 9:29
  Speaker 1: comes out. Episode one and one and two of One
• 9:32
  Speaker 1: Week in November will be available. On the first episode,
• 9:35
  Speaker 1: Tony gets to start it by killing a mega eight
• 9:38
  Speaker 1: point buck in Minnesota. Really, Tony Peterson, that's correct. The
• 9:42
  Speaker 1: other hunters on the show where me, Mark Kenyon and
• 9:45
  Speaker 1: Clay newcome, you got you know what you should have
• 9:48
  Speaker 1: done is hired that dude that reads like at a time,
• 9:52
  Speaker 1: right and it had been in the world one week,
• 9:57
  Speaker 1: four states or something like that. So I don't I
• 10:00
  Speaker 1: don't think you did a good job lean off that.
• 10:01
  Speaker 1: Just the whole premise though, Okay, like probably see see grade. Okay,
• 10:06
  Speaker 1: I'll take another stab at here. Everyone likes hunt white tails.
• 10:12
  Speaker 1: They live for the first week in November. Right, America's
• 10:14
  Speaker 1: most popular big game animal, America's most popular big game animals.
• 10:17
  Speaker 1: You're gonna do it one week out of the year.
• 10:20
  Speaker 1: You do it first week in November, you know, I know.
• 10:23
  Speaker 1: There's like so, yeah, there's some fluctuations and all that.
• 10:25
  Speaker 1: There's some variations and the weather could impact blah blah blah.
• 10:29
  Speaker 1: But generally, if you had to like throw a pick
• 10:31
  Speaker 1: a calendar date range, that's the date range. Is there
• 10:34
  Speaker 1: date out there that shows like the one week out
• 10:38
  Speaker 1: of the year where there's the most hunters in the woods. Yes,
• 10:40
  Speaker 1: So road kill fertility studies have been done on does
• 10:44
  Speaker 1: that were like smashed on the side of the road,
• 10:46
  Speaker 1: and then they can date back to like when the
• 10:49
  Speaker 1: fetus was conceived or whatever. And I think in the
• 10:52
  Speaker 1: Midwest they on average saw like no is being the average.
• 10:57
  Speaker 1: So we're hunting a little bit ahead of what would
• 10:59
  Speaker 1: be like peak breeding. Oh that's when most doughs get bred.
• 11:03
  Speaker 1: When do most milder dolls get bred? You know, I
• 11:05
  Speaker 1: don't know, I don't know. And I surveyed ten big
• 11:08
  Speaker 1: buck killers like five years ago I asked them what
• 11:10
  Speaker 1: their favorite day of the road days, and I think
• 11:11
  Speaker 1: seven out of ten picked a day between November seven
• 11:14
  Speaker 1: and November ten. So there's first two weeks in November
• 11:17
  Speaker 1: are the best two weeks for most white tail hunters.
• 11:20
  Speaker 1: November thirteen is the main day they get fertilized. That
• 11:23
  Speaker 1: was in like Indiana, which was pretty well representative of
• 11:27
  Speaker 1: you know, anything from New England to the West, you know.
• 11:31
  Speaker 1: I think that with humans, I think that the summer
• 11:35
  Speaker 1: sols to score is real high. I can you remove
• 11:37
  Speaker 1: like holiday stuff, No, I think it does. Like the
• 11:40
  Speaker 1: summer sols, this is a high score. That's when we're running.
• 11:42
  Speaker 1: If you're doing yeah, if you're doing one about people,
• 11:44
  Speaker 1: you call it one day in June, one day in
• 11:47
  Speaker 1: late June, it's good. Um, so we have we have
• 11:51
  Speaker 1: me hunting in Montana, Wyoming. But it's it all plays
• 11:54
  Speaker 1: out real time. That's right. It was like the day right,
• 11:56
  Speaker 1: So you've got four dudes and four different places and
• 11:58
  Speaker 1: like episode one is that day, it's right? Episode two
• 12:01
  Speaker 1: is that day? It's right? And in like episode one day,
• 12:05
  Speaker 1: why why am I doing better at explain it to
• 12:08
  Speaker 1: like watch later, I'll be like talking about dinosaurs and
• 12:11
  Speaker 1: Jack and be like, no, ship on day one, You're
• 12:17
  Speaker 1: gonna see me in Montana. You're gonna see Clay Nucom
• 12:20
  Speaker 1: in Arkansas. You're gonna see Tony Peterson in Minnesota, and
• 12:23
  Speaker 1: Mark Kenyon in Iowa. There you go, it's getting better now,
• 12:26
  Speaker 1: it's right. You guys got dear Chram all over the place.
• 12:29
  Speaker 1: We really liked it and Chester watched it together. Oh great,
• 12:33
  Speaker 1: new episodes every Tuesday through the end of the year.
• 12:36
  Speaker 1: Um and in those seven episodes, I'll tell you this,
• 12:38
  Speaker 1: we kill five bucks, so there's action to be had.
• 12:42
  Speaker 1: I would also be a bad member of the production
• 12:44
  Speaker 1: team if I didn't mention how awesome it is that
• 12:46
  Speaker 1: this show is airing as quickly as it is. Yeah,
• 12:51
  Speaker 1: when the product, but it doesn't lose its production but
• 12:53
  Speaker 1: not at all. No. I mean Jack can tell you
• 12:55
  Speaker 1: all about making movies. He loves it. But normally you
• 12:57
  Speaker 1: shoot something for a few years sometimes, but I mean
• 13:02
  Speaker 1: it's getting turned around a week or two. Very talented crew,
• 13:06
  Speaker 1: every minute matter, to the point where like when we
• 13:08
  Speaker 1: would get done filming November one, memory cards were like
• 13:12
  Speaker 1: getting overnighted back to the office so those folks could
• 13:15
  Speaker 1: have them by the morning in November two. The long
• 13:17
  Speaker 1: and short of it, really all the stuff are top
• 13:19
  Speaker 1: is subscribe to our YouTube channel and all this stuff
• 13:23
  Speaker 1: will just get hand delivered to you. And hold up
• 13:26
  Speaker 1: and uh, when when I'm in Montana, Wyoming, I find
• 13:30
  Speaker 1: some really special rocks and petrified wood and egg it's
• 13:33
  Speaker 1: that are going to enter the auction House of Oddities
• 13:36
  Speaker 1: as a one week in November giveaway. One rock that
• 13:38
  Speaker 1: I find in Wyoming is one of the coolest pieces
• 13:41
  Speaker 1: of petrified would've ever found. It's like almost opalized. It's
• 13:45
  Speaker 1: about the size of a softball. That's going to be
• 13:46
  Speaker 1: in our auction house coming up later this year. Wait,
• 13:49
  Speaker 1: can you describe the opal eyes? Because I know what
• 13:51
  Speaker 1: an opal looks like. So does it look like iridescent?
• 13:55
  Speaker 1: And maybe jack Jack is not? And there there's common
• 13:59
  Speaker 1: there's common opal, and there's uncommon opal. Right, Well, I
• 14:02
  Speaker 1: don't know, I don't know my op. I don't know opal,
• 14:05
  Speaker 1: but I know opalized, you know would and sometimes even
• 14:11
  Speaker 1: you know, dinosaur bones can be opalized. Make it hell.
• 14:16
  Speaker 1: The rock that I have, the peace specrified wood, is
• 14:19
  Speaker 1: common opal, so it's not very iridescent um, but it
• 14:23
  Speaker 1: still has like this very nice, waxy ambery look to it.
• 14:28
  Speaker 1: It's going to be in our rockers. There's opalized there's
• 14:31
  Speaker 1: opalized wood um right here in the valley. Spencer's gonna
• 14:38
  Speaker 1: find it. No, it's right that podcast wraps are going
• 14:42
  Speaker 1: to have to tell us what you're like a secret hotspot.
• 14:48
  Speaker 1: I got it by that dump. I got a rock story.
• 14:51
  Speaker 1: I got a rock story. It'll titilate you, Spencer. And
• 14:54
  Speaker 1: then I happen to be in a place where there's
• 14:57
  Speaker 1: a big outcropping of green rock. There's a spring flowing out.
• 15:04
  Speaker 1: Seth can back me up on this. There's a spring
• 15:07
  Speaker 1: flowing out, flowing with it looked like it looked like St.
• 15:11
  Speaker 1: Patty's Day. The water flowing out from under that thing
• 15:15
  Speaker 1: was green. Seth. Yeah, I even remember asked Steve. I
• 15:20
  Speaker 1: was like, is this because that was gonna be our
• 15:22
  Speaker 1: our water source for the night. Remember, because we're playing
• 15:25
  Speaker 1: on camp. He's a little nervous about drinking that green,
• 15:27
  Speaker 1: was like, and we're already caught him that, We're already
• 15:30
  Speaker 1: calling that. Remember that old ad, set doesn't remember you
• 15:32
  Speaker 1: be an ad for Irish spring soap. We're like this dude,
• 15:36
  Speaker 1: like this old Raddy woolf sweater. He's got a jackknife
• 15:38
  Speaker 1: out and he cuts into the He's like standing out
• 15:41
  Speaker 1: by a spring, apparently in Ireland, and he takes his
• 15:43
  Speaker 1: jackknife and cuts a hunk of the shaving of the
• 15:46
  Speaker 1: soap off to show that it's apparently the soaps uniform color.
• 15:52
  Speaker 1: And he's like, I can't who can do an Irish accent?
• 15:55
  Speaker 1: I can't do any accent defensive? Come on, come on, phil,
• 16:01
  Speaker 1: Oh it's a it's a chunk of soap. Okay, do
• 16:06
  Speaker 1: say say clean as a whistle, that's Irish spring. Clean
• 16:10
  Speaker 1: as a whistle, that's Irish spring. We found a spring.
• 16:15
  Speaker 1: It was a dead ringer that like that. You could
• 16:18
  Speaker 1: have filmed that soap commercial at the spring. We were
• 16:20
  Speaker 1: on in one part of the continent, were you North America,
• 16:23
  Speaker 1: Upper Upper North America. So the head one of the
• 16:30
  Speaker 1: head waters of this was this green rock with green
• 16:35
  Speaker 1: water oozing out of the hillside. I'm not lying on
• 16:40
  Speaker 1: top of it. I don't wanna get too many details. Anyways,
• 16:43
  Speaker 1: I pick up a hunk of this green rock and
• 16:46
  Speaker 1: I'm thinking, I don't know what it is, but I
• 16:47
  Speaker 1: take up a little chunk and then I got sick.
• 16:49
  Speaker 1: Carrying that chunk and busted that chunk and had a
• 16:51
  Speaker 1: little or chunk to take home. What is it like? Copper?
• 16:56
  Speaker 1: So I gave it to a body mine who's kind
• 16:59
  Speaker 1: of tied into the arts world, sculpture and whatnot. He
• 17:03
  Speaker 1: gives it to a former student of his who's a jeweler,
• 17:07
  Speaker 1: and I said, I wanted a piece for my wife,
• 17:09
  Speaker 1: and I wanted a piece for my daughter made out
• 17:10
  Speaker 1: of that rock. He comes back all excited because it's
• 17:13
  Speaker 1: a green Jasper, Green Jasper. Now I'm having necklaces made
• 17:20
  Speaker 1: one of them. Is Seth's gonna too? But now Seth cans.
• 17:24
  Speaker 1: He's like a homeowner and a cabine owner can't be
• 17:26
  Speaker 1: blowing all his money. But half elk Ivory, half Jasper.
• 17:32
  Speaker 1: My daughter doesn't want a tooth in hers, she said,
• 17:34
  Speaker 1: So she's just getting straight up Jasper. What do you
• 17:36
  Speaker 1: buy that rock? Story? Spencer God alright, moving on to
• 17:41
  Speaker 1: our recurring me Eater Auction House of Oddities, which we're
• 17:44
  Speaker 1: on number group group five, Group five people. So here
• 17:49
  Speaker 1: here's the here's the lineup on group five. Remember we
• 17:53
  Speaker 1: had Dr John Karpowski, the squirrel Researcher, on the podcast.
• 17:56
  Speaker 1: His book which is like, if you're a squirrel enthusiast,
• 18:00
  Speaker 1: nukeam North American tree Squirrels. We have that book signed
• 18:05
  Speaker 1: by Dr John Kaprowski. If you're not obsessed with tree squirrels,
• 18:08
  Speaker 1: this is gonna get you that way. I don't know
• 18:10
  Speaker 1: why anyone would hope that they became obsessed with tree squirrels.
• 18:14
  Speaker 1: Do you know what I mean? It's like when you
• 18:16
  Speaker 1: read about people real quick, think about this. If you
• 18:19
  Speaker 1: read about things that are meant to increase ones sexual appetite, mhm,
• 18:27
  Speaker 1: Like if you don't like, if you don't have one,
• 18:30
  Speaker 1: do you wish you did? Like? It would be like
• 18:34
  Speaker 1: it'd be like, here's a here's a pill that makes
• 18:38
  Speaker 1: you want something you don't want. Now. I think there's
• 18:40
  Speaker 1: kind of a social pressure to want to have sex,
• 18:43
  Speaker 1: but I don't think there's a social pressure to want
• 18:45
  Speaker 1: to love tree squirrels. You hear saying like if I
• 18:48
  Speaker 1: said no, no, let's say I said, let's say Phil,
• 18:50
  Speaker 1: do you wish you had a red sports car? Not particularly? Oh,
• 18:53
  Speaker 1: take this pill and you'll want a red sports car?
• 18:56
  Speaker 1: I got you. Would you take the pill? No, because
• 18:59
  Speaker 1: you're not gonna get it? Read sports car? So here's
• 19:02
  Speaker 1: the deal. So I'm saying, if someone's not obsessed with
• 19:06
  Speaker 1: squirrel hunt, I don't know that they want to go
• 19:07
  Speaker 1: get a book to make them such. So this is
• 19:11
  Speaker 1: more what I'm speaking to here is people that are
• 19:13
  Speaker 1: already This is for people that are already obsessed with
• 19:17
  Speaker 1: squirrel inflation. But it could maybe convert you. Like I
• 19:19
  Speaker 1: wasn't previously obsessed with squirrels, and now I'm obsessed with squirrels.
• 19:23
  Speaker 1: Did you want to be obsessed with squirrels or was
• 19:25
  Speaker 1: it affliction? I fell into it. I fell into it. Yeah, Okay,
• 19:32
  Speaker 1: So back what I was saying. If you don't love
• 19:35
  Speaker 1: squirrels but wish you did, here's a great book for you.
• 19:38
  Speaker 1: More appropriately, if you love squirrels, mo everything about him,
• 19:41
  Speaker 1: this is the one you want. Also another meat crafter
• 19:45
  Speaker 1: now we learned about like the meat craft are are
• 19:47
  Speaker 1: are the Stephen rounella meatcrafter. Addition, meatcrafter from bench made
• 19:52
  Speaker 1: like when we sold them, we had a bunch they sold,
• 19:55
  Speaker 1: people loved them, some people like a lot of money
• 19:58
  Speaker 1: and it was but then some guy on ebayse sells
• 20:04
  Speaker 1: one for like twelve bucks because today and bad he
• 20:07
  Speaker 1: wants to donate money to conservation when we call him
• 20:09
  Speaker 1: out on it. Anyways, Now they're super valuable. Real people
• 20:13
  Speaker 1: are people are selling the damn things for on eBay
• 20:17
  Speaker 1: and getting thirty six bits. It's like an n f
• 20:19
  Speaker 1: T you can hold in your hands. It's like an
• 20:21
  Speaker 1: n f TV can cut your finger off with. So, dude,
• 20:26
  Speaker 1: when I was with Jordan Bud the other day, she
• 20:27
  Speaker 1: saw mine. Now she really wants one, but we were
• 20:30
  Speaker 1: putting them up on the auction house very value when
• 20:32
  Speaker 1: they go for good money. Hybrid hunting fixed blade knife
• 20:35
  Speaker 1: like a bony knife, currently out of stock on Bench
• 20:38
  Speaker 1: Made's website, but you can find one here at the
• 20:40
  Speaker 1: auction house of Oddity's Beautiful Knife. We got a one
• 20:44
  Speaker 1: Week in November package. This is pretty sweet. It's a
• 20:46
  Speaker 1: collection of gear and memorabilia that comes straight from the
• 20:50
  Speaker 1: first season of our latest YouTube series, One Week in November,
• 20:53
  Speaker 1: featuring our very own Mark Kenyon are very own, Spencer
• 20:57
  Speaker 1: New Heart are very own, Tony Peterson are very own.
• 21:00
  Speaker 1: Clay Nucom spent seven days hunting in seven different states.
• 21:06
  Speaker 1: Pieces include Marks Tethered, Phantom Tree Saddle and Predator Platform,
• 21:11
  Speaker 1: Tony's Prime bow, a bloodied arrow from Clay's white tail buck,
• 21:16
  Speaker 1: and a collection of goods from Spencer, including some wood
• 21:19
  Speaker 1: and egg as he found deering the hunt, his blaze,
• 21:22
  Speaker 1: orange me eater vest, his benchmate hinted hidden canyon hunter knife,
• 21:28
  Speaker 1: his first light, large dirt bag, duffel, and a bullet
• 21:32
  Speaker 1: he extracted from his white tail buck. I'm a bit
• 21:35
  Speaker 1: on that, sucker man. Then we got Blue Hour, which
• 21:38
  Speaker 1: is a ram painting inspired by the beauty, intensity, and
• 21:41
  Speaker 1: unniable presence of bighorn sheep residing in the Greater Yellowstone ecosystem.
• 21:47
  Speaker 1: Artist the flip Flop Flesher's fiance. That's some serious f aliteration,
• 21:53
  Speaker 1: even though fiance flip flop fleshers man, she should start
• 21:58
  Speaker 1: out that's she should change sure from Instagram. She's like
• 22:01
  Speaker 1: k ray John's. She should be the f F f's
• 22:06
  Speaker 1: f quadruple, the f s just squad or just quad
• 22:12
  Speaker 1: f She should rebrand. So uh, Seth Morris our beloved,
• 22:18
  Speaker 1: Seth Morris, the flip flop flash her He's getting married
• 22:21
  Speaker 1: to the wildlife Artist Kelsey Johnson takes beautiful Pictures uses
• 22:25
  Speaker 1: that to base paintings off of. Anyways, Blue Hour beautiful
• 22:29
  Speaker 1: one from hers twelve by sixteen oil on canvas board. Beautiful.
• 22:36
  Speaker 1: Then check this one out. Polished petrified wood bookends. Spencer
• 22:43
  Speaker 1: new Hearth and his wife Shelby Huber found some pieces
• 22:47
  Speaker 1: of petrified wood near the Yellowstone River fifty million years ago.
• 22:52
  Speaker 1: These things were formed. Spencer and Shelby picked them. They
• 22:56
  Speaker 1: hand cut them, They hand polished him into perfection. There
• 23:00
  Speaker 1: are only two other sets of book ends like these
• 23:03
  Speaker 1: in existence. One belongs to Spencer, the other belongs to me,
• 23:08
  Speaker 1: So we usually say these are one of a kind items.
• 23:12
  Speaker 1: It's one of three. Spencer has a set. I complained
• 23:15
  Speaker 1: about him having a set and I didn't have a set.
• 23:17
  Speaker 1: He gave me a set. Set number three is here.
• 23:20
  Speaker 1: Pedestals of petrified wood cut flat on the bottom that
• 23:25
  Speaker 1: use as like book ends. They are choice from our
• 23:28
  Speaker 1: very own Spencer the Rockhound new Heart. Check this one out.
• 23:33
  Speaker 1: This for you folks down in Atlanta or their bouts
• 23:35
  Speaker 1: are headed to Atlanta a night for four at Kevin
• 23:39
  Speaker 1: Gillespie's Gun Show restaurant in Atlanta. Enjoy a decadent dinner
• 23:44
  Speaker 1: for four at Chef Kevin Gillespie's famed Atlanta restaurant guns Show.
• 23:50
  Speaker 1: During this interactive dining experience. Chefs prepare meals in an
• 23:54
  Speaker 1: open air kitchen and present them directly to patrons, and
• 23:58
  Speaker 1: cocktails are craft a table side on a rolling bar cart.
• 24:04
  Speaker 1: The value of the dinner roughly estimates to one fifty
• 24:07
  Speaker 1: bucks per person, but it's like worth a ton more
• 24:10
  Speaker 1: than that. Got a deer leg bottle opener. You heard
• 24:14
  Speaker 1: that right. Brodie Henderson won this impressive bottle opener from
• 24:19
  Speaker 1: Spencer new Heart during a highly competitive, uncomfortably heated white
• 24:23
  Speaker 1: elephant gift exchange at I was just holding this thing
• 24:29
  Speaker 1: in my hand. This thing is hefty. You could beat
• 24:32
  Speaker 1: a intruder, yeah, and then if he had a bottle
• 24:34
  Speaker 1: of beer, you'd open it. Spencer bought it online from
• 24:38
  Speaker 1: an unnamed taxidermist for the occasion of our holiday party.
• 24:43
  Speaker 1: It has opened many a beer at many a met
• 24:45
  Speaker 1: eater function. The hoof, dew, clause and fur are in
• 24:49
  Speaker 1: perfect condition, and the opener is made of sturdy metal
• 24:52
  Speaker 1: for even the toughest bottle opening jobs. It's got a
• 24:57
  Speaker 1: warning that the only your dog and ahold it now
• 25:01
  Speaker 1: that it has any smell to you know what dogs are. Finally,
• 25:04
  Speaker 1: we got the giveaway, so the at the auction house.
• 25:06
  Speaker 1: The way the giveaways work is there's stuff you've been
• 25:08
  Speaker 1: on like with money, and you bid it and buy it.
• 25:10
  Speaker 1: And there's stuff you just signed up and win for free.
• 25:12
  Speaker 1: The white Tail gear giveaway. So we did a giveaway
• 25:15
  Speaker 1: with the Doss Boat to boat. We did a giveaway
• 25:17
  Speaker 1: with me and Sess Bottle of Skunk Accidence. This is
• 25:20
  Speaker 1: the giveaway. Now, Okay, get yourself completely rigged up while
• 25:25
  Speaker 1: you're waiting. Check out one week in November to see
• 25:28
  Speaker 1: this gear in action. Uh. Someone wrote, and we're covering
• 25:32
  Speaker 1: off pretty heavy with when Dirkin was on about Gordon
• 25:35
  Speaker 1: Lightfoot and the record the Van Fitzgerald. You've wrote that song, Jack,
• 25:39
  Speaker 1: I am and we got I got the humming some
• 25:42
  Speaker 1: lines from Sundown. A guy rolled in, I don't know
• 25:45
  Speaker 1: if I don't know if like Gordon Lightfoot, historians know
• 25:48
  Speaker 1: this about Gordon Lightfoot. A guy wrote in about who
• 25:51
  Speaker 1: Sundown is? Sundown? You did you keep playing a little
• 25:55
  Speaker 1: quick liick of that? Uh whatever, Phil sun Um. So
• 26:10
  Speaker 1: this guy writes this recently on the podcast Gordon Lightfoot
• 26:15
  Speaker 1: has been a subject on some of the podcast. That
• 26:18
  Speaker 1: sentence could have been cleaned up and as someone who
• 26:21
  Speaker 1: is from or really Gordon's hometown. I feel like I
• 26:24
  Speaker 1: can shed some light on whose Sundown likely is. Paul Donnelly,
• 26:31
  Speaker 1: who has now passed away, was the local big drug dealer,
• 26:34
  Speaker 1: one of the biggest in the province, or so he claimed.
• 26:38
  Speaker 1: Paul was responsible for the important export of illegal goods
• 26:41
  Speaker 1: into the country direct from Central and South America. This
• 26:45
  Speaker 1: is important to note because Paul and Gordon were friends
• 26:48
  Speaker 1: of sorts. I always thought Gordon was a wholesome feller.
• 26:53
  Speaker 1: But wait until what comes next. This guy says it
• 26:58
  Speaker 1: very matter of fact. The this is widely known. While
• 27:01
  Speaker 1: Gordon was cheating on his wife with Kathy Smith. Now
• 27:05
  Speaker 1: listen to this sentence. You want to talk about sentence
• 27:08
  Speaker 1: that makes its own gravy. While Gordon was cheating on
• 27:14
  Speaker 1: his wife with Kathy Smith, who infamously killed John Belushi,
• 27:19
  Speaker 1: and it's thought to be Gordon's muse for Sundown, Paul Donnelly,
• 27:25
  Speaker 1: the drug dealer, was also cheating on his wife with
• 27:28
  Speaker 1: Kathy Smith. HM, think about that. You see how John
• 27:34
  Speaker 1: Belushi got worked into this whole thing. He died of
• 27:36
  Speaker 1: an overdose, right, So is this kind of a hot
• 27:38
  Speaker 1: Let's saying that Kathy Smith was maybe supplying him with
• 27:41
  Speaker 1: his eight balls or whatever. No, no, you're right. Can
• 27:46
  Speaker 1: you see that in the Irish bofe place? He goes
• 27:52
  Speaker 1: on and saying, I know this because Paul was my
• 27:54
  Speaker 1: grandparents neighbor for forty years. Anyways, I thought you might
• 27:58
  Speaker 1: like to know who Sundown probably was. Soun cream wats
• 28:05
  Speaker 1: everybody bought your first your first newly buck? Oh yeah, yes,
• 28:11
  Speaker 1: so I got my first buck. Earlier this week I
• 28:16
  Speaker 1: went on my first solo hunt. I had been to
• 28:19
  Speaker 1: this plot of public before. It's really not far from town.
• 28:24
  Speaker 1: I wouldn't be giving I wouldn't be going into a
• 28:26
  Speaker 1: whole hell of a a lot of detail personally. Okay, fine,
• 28:30
  Speaker 1: I wasn't gonna say much more than that, except to
• 28:34
  Speaker 1: except to say that it wasn't like in this area
• 28:37
  Speaker 1: where I would be too afraid of bears, um, because
• 28:41
  Speaker 1: then I probably wouldn't have gone. But myself a little
• 28:43
  Speaker 1: bit bear annoyed. I am very bar annoyed. Yeah, I'm
• 28:46
  Speaker 1: pretty bear annoyed. Um. I feel like I would probably
• 28:50
  Speaker 1: have a heart attack and die before being charged by
• 28:54
  Speaker 1: the bear. Yeah, I'm really that you don't want to
• 28:57
  Speaker 1: die that way? We do on my drive and I
• 29:01
  Speaker 1: always feel like if I'm out hiking, even if I'm
• 29:04
  Speaker 1: an area, in an area where that's wooded but that
• 29:07
  Speaker 1: probably doesn't have bears, I have that sense of like
• 29:11
  Speaker 1: maybe it's looking at me through the trees, like maybe
• 29:14
  Speaker 1: it's there. I always have this like kind of a
• 29:17
  Speaker 1: little anxiety. And he's and he's very baronnoid. You guys
• 29:20
  Speaker 1: can start like a Baronnoia support group and then we
• 29:23
  Speaker 1: should we shouldn't go out together and expose ourselves and um, yeah,
• 29:30
  Speaker 1: so this was a place where so um, I was
• 29:36
  Speaker 1: familiar with this plot. And I pulled up. There weren't
• 29:41
  Speaker 1: any other cars. I was very happy. I was like,
• 29:44
  Speaker 1: a great choice, careing you're going on Monday, don't do
• 29:46
  Speaker 1: this weekend thing anymore. And so to describe the area,
• 29:51
  Speaker 1: it's like it is a little more than left right,
• 29:58
  Speaker 1: and from front to back it's and and you kind
• 30:03
  Speaker 1: of have these I got a question left right from
• 30:07
  Speaker 1: traditionally we go north north, you would go north southeast west, okay, right,
• 30:12
  Speaker 1: with depending hell of a lot on what way you
• 30:13
  Speaker 1: walked into it from. There's really only one way to
• 30:16
  Speaker 1: walk in. This is also like overly descriptive of your spot. Yeah,
• 30:20
  Speaker 1: I would go in and d out a lot of
• 30:22
  Speaker 1: what you said. I've already found it on on X.
• 30:28
  Speaker 1: You showed up to your spot, there's nobody there, and
• 30:31
  Speaker 1: then I wouldn't even get founded here. It doesn't matter.
• 30:38
  Speaker 1: Just like I'm trying to describe proxim in your town dimensions,
• 30:42
  Speaker 1: what it's commonly used for. Okay. How many plots of
• 30:45
  Speaker 1: public land very near town? All of them too. Okay,
• 30:57
  Speaker 1: you showed up, there's nobody there, and you found Dear Phil,
• 31:00
  Speaker 1: can you just do because I want to keep this
• 31:02
  Speaker 1: lesson in there? Can you just make it be like? Okay,
• 31:10
  Speaker 1: lesson learn? So um gracious? So I at you know what,
• 31:19
  Speaker 1: when I left my house, I checked my adometer two
• 31:25
  Speaker 1: point seven miles down not to give it away. Well, okay,
• 31:34
  Speaker 1: put the on x pin in the show notes where
• 31:39
  Speaker 1: Korean got it. Okay, So a way to do it
• 31:42
  Speaker 1: would be like there I was there, I was, So
• 31:46
  Speaker 1: I was there, and um I hiked up to one area,
• 31:52
  Speaker 1: and of course when I got up to kind of
• 31:55
  Speaker 1: this this field area and offense, all of the smart
• 32:00
  Speaker 1: deer were on private land. So um I decided to
• 32:04
  Speaker 1: glass as far as I could see in the kind
• 32:07
  Speaker 1: of opposite direction. And at about three quarters of a
• 32:11
  Speaker 1: mile was one deer kind of close to the other
• 32:18
  Speaker 1: side of the fence, which was private. Um, but I
• 32:21
  Speaker 1: think it was basically one deer on this entire plot.
• 32:25
  Speaker 1: And I got very excited, and it was kind of windy,
• 32:28
  Speaker 1: so it's hard for me to see if there were
• 32:29
  Speaker 1: antlers or not, and there were so um, I went
• 32:34
  Speaker 1: down way before I probably needed to. I started. I
• 32:39
  Speaker 1: got on my belly to start to crawl, and there
• 32:41
  Speaker 1: was a whole lot of just crawling on my belly.
• 32:45
  Speaker 1: And where I got to a spot where I felt
• 32:48
  Speaker 1: like I was hidden enough lying on my belly and
• 32:52
  Speaker 1: being able to see like part of its antlers and
• 32:55
  Speaker 1: part of its ears, is where I stopped. And I
• 32:59
  Speaker 1: could tell that he could sense something like he kept
• 33:03
  Speaker 1: kind of he seemed to be alert, but couldn't see
• 33:06
  Speaker 1: where I was. And um, at one point he moved
• 33:10
  Speaker 1: such that I had maybe like a third broadside. And
• 33:16
  Speaker 1: this is this is a lesson that I will take
• 33:19
  Speaker 1: going forward. When I the next time I go target shooting,
• 33:23
  Speaker 1: I will not shoot bullseye targets. I will And I
• 33:27
  Speaker 1: called Cal and we talked about this, and I think
• 33:30
  Speaker 1: it's so important for people to practice on dear targets
• 33:35
  Speaker 1: to know where you need to aim based upon how
• 33:41
  Speaker 1: you are positioned and how the animals position. So everyone
• 33:44
  Speaker 1: talks about broadside, but what if it's not broadside? And
• 33:47
  Speaker 1: what if you can't get a broadside shot? What if
• 33:50
  Speaker 1: it's nose? Two knows? Like where do you aim on
• 33:52
  Speaker 1: the chest to get a heart or long shot? If
• 33:54
  Speaker 1: it's kind of back to you? Backside is to you?
• 33:58
  Speaker 1: Where do you so that that's real what I'll need?
• 34:01
  Speaker 1: You have to crack open The Complete Guide to Hunting, Butchering,
• 34:03
  Speaker 1: and Cooking Wild Game, Volume one, Big Game. I will
• 34:06
  Speaker 1: do that. I will do that. I got all, yeah,
• 34:09
  Speaker 1: that's that I think I will need at the shooting
• 34:11
  Speaker 1: at the shooting range, I will not just shoot bull's
• 34:14
  Speaker 1: eyes anymore. So I took a shot and it ended
• 34:19
  Speaker 1: up being a little bit low, so it was a
• 34:21
  Speaker 1: gut shot, but I didn't know that because it went
• 34:23
  Speaker 1: down immediately, and I was like, oh my god, really
• 34:29
  Speaker 1: I did I did? I just do it like I
• 34:31
  Speaker 1: was very excited, but I did not get up and
• 34:33
  Speaker 1: I just lay there and waited because I know that
• 34:37
  Speaker 1: from working on this podcast, and if you approach a deer,
• 34:41
  Speaker 1: if you approach a buck or a bull, uh, and
• 34:45
  Speaker 1: it's not dead. You may get um gordon, you might
• 34:50
  Speaker 1: get you might get totally gored by its antlers. So
• 34:52
  Speaker 1: I just stayed lying down and thirty seconds later it
• 34:57
  Speaker 1: stood up and I was it was my heart sunk.
• 35:02
  Speaker 1: I started to get very nervous. I didn't know where
• 35:04
  Speaker 1: to take the next shot. It was nose to nose
• 35:06
  Speaker 1: to me, there was just all the I didn't kill it,
• 35:10
  Speaker 1: it's suffering. What am I supposed to do? Um? And
• 35:13
  Speaker 1: I ended up taking a not very good shot another
• 35:20
  Speaker 1: not very good shot, and I almost destroyed a little
• 35:23
  Speaker 1: bit of backshot but didn't. It was like a couple
• 35:26
  Speaker 1: inches to the right of its spine. Um. And then
• 35:32
  Speaker 1: I felt like an idiot and needed to take a
• 35:36
  Speaker 1: third shot. Or I just waited for a little bit
• 35:38
  Speaker 1: um and thought that I needed to take a third
• 35:40
  Speaker 1: shot or slit its throat or something. My gun jammed.
• 35:44
  Speaker 1: It was a whole disaster. Was freaking out for a
• 35:46
  Speaker 1: little bit. And finally he turned to be almost broadside
• 35:53
  Speaker 1: to me on the other side, on his opposite side,
• 35:57
  Speaker 1: and I shot him again and he went down and
• 36:01
  Speaker 1: he eventually died, but he didn't die immediately, and while
• 36:05
  Speaker 1: he was not dying immediately, I wondered if I needed
• 36:09
  Speaker 1: to let it start. I've heard of people who, you know,
• 36:13
  Speaker 1: to put the creature out of its misery sooner rather
• 36:15
  Speaker 1: than later, to do that, but I remembered, you know,
• 36:19
  Speaker 1: because I was myself, I didn't feel like compromising my
• 36:23
  Speaker 1: own safety to end its life sooner. I knew that
• 36:28
  Speaker 1: it was going to die, but I made the choy.
• 36:29
  Speaker 1: I was sitting there like, buddy, I'm really sorry, and
• 36:32
  Speaker 1: I was upset about it, but I still stayed. You know,
• 36:35
  Speaker 1: he's got two exactly um and he died a few
• 36:41
  Speaker 1: minutes later and that was it. And then I gutted
• 36:46
  Speaker 1: him and called my boyfriend and we carried it out
• 36:49
  Speaker 1: on our shoulders and and then I cried at who
• 36:52
  Speaker 1: I am in the shower after there was no I hadn't. Yeah,
• 36:58
  Speaker 1: it was really funny, like it kind of hit me
• 37:00
  Speaker 1: after I called Hayden, like we you know, there was
• 37:03
  Speaker 1: a kind of um, you know, quartering quartering party and
• 37:11
  Speaker 1: uh yeah, way later, I you know, I think I
• 37:15
  Speaker 1: think like when the smell of its like scent gland
• 37:18
  Speaker 1: was washing out of my hairs when I was which
• 37:22
  Speaker 1: when it kind of hit me a little bit, um,
• 37:26
  Speaker 1: But I think there were so many things that I
• 37:28
  Speaker 1: did wrong that learning experience, Like there's a lot of
• 37:35
  Speaker 1: things you did right. Yeah, it's hard to figure. I mean,
• 37:38
  Speaker 1: it's hard to go figure stuff. And most people will
• 37:40
  Speaker 1: never go do not most people a lot of people
• 37:42
  Speaker 1: won't go do something by themselves. They don't understand well
• 37:45
  Speaker 1: because they're so paralyzed by the idea they're going to
• 37:47
  Speaker 1: do it wrong. Yeah, I mean I was, Um, there
• 37:51
  Speaker 1: were certain things that I was really proud of myself
• 37:53
  Speaker 1: in the moment, just how I was trying to like
• 37:57
  Speaker 1: read where I needed to be to take a shot,
• 38:00
  Speaker 1: or how close I needed to be, or you know,
• 38:04
  Speaker 1: being really quiet and and trying to be patient. But
• 38:07
  Speaker 1: it was some of the you know it's in the
• 38:09
  Speaker 1: moment when you're adrenaline is like coursing through your veins
• 38:12
  Speaker 1: or stress hormones and trying to just get it done
• 38:17
  Speaker 1: in one shot. I mean, it was close enough I
• 38:19
  Speaker 1: could have I mean, you know, I could have um,
• 38:23
  Speaker 1: but it didn't. It didn't happen that way. So definitely
• 38:27
  Speaker 1: lessons for the next time that I do it corintext
• 38:30
  Speaker 1: of me yesterday because she's trying to figure out how
• 38:32
  Speaker 1: to make a freedom mount and head cheese. Oh yeah, yeah,
• 38:37
  Speaker 1: which I told you not exclusive, you can head cheese,
• 38:40
  Speaker 1: he said. You remember how they had to rebrand French
• 38:44
  Speaker 1: fries because then they didn't want us to do in
• 38:46
  Speaker 1: bait Iraq, I rebranded euro Like, I don't know what
• 38:51
  Speaker 1: the hell has to do in Europe. That's school, that's
• 38:54
  Speaker 1: totally totally doable. But I feel like I feel like people.
• 38:58
  Speaker 1: It seems like people way east, so like the average
• 39:03
  Speaker 1: I mean, you guys have known this, but it's like
• 39:04
  Speaker 1: the average person seems to waste so much meat and
• 39:08
  Speaker 1: I'm like trying to pick every little bit of flesh out,
• 39:12
  Speaker 1: like it's going to go to my dog or it's
• 39:13
  Speaker 1: going to go to soup. Like I don't, well, you
• 39:16
  Speaker 1: stare deep enough into those ears and nose gonna Oh
• 39:18
  Speaker 1: yeah I did. I did. I cleaned out this large,
• 39:23
  Speaker 1: pinky sized larva. I actually actually cleaned some of the
• 39:27
  Speaker 1: ear wax out of its ears, and they were like,
• 39:30
  Speaker 1: even though you're amounting it, I was just like so interested.
• 39:32
  Speaker 1: So I was looking I was looking in in it,
• 39:36
  Speaker 1: and then um, they were still like there are a
• 39:38
  Speaker 1: number of mites, you know, crawling out. You know, they're interesting.
• 39:42
  Speaker 1: Place to find painful looking stuff on deer is in
• 39:44
  Speaker 1: the corner of their eyes, oh like little like little
• 39:49
  Speaker 1: like I pooh, yeah, No, they get like a pocket
• 39:51
  Speaker 1: of like weird material in there. It looks like sawdust.
• 39:55
  Speaker 1: I don't understand what that that episode six of One Week
• 39:57
  Speaker 1: in November, Tony Peter Sin kills a white tail whose
• 40:00
  Speaker 1: eyes are all messed up? Is he packed full stuff
• 40:03
  Speaker 1: from rubbing his antlers or something. I don't know. I've
• 40:05
  Speaker 1: only seen pictures of it, but I'm sure it'll be
• 40:07
  Speaker 1: addressed on the episode. That's a good cliff there. Um,
• 40:13
  Speaker 1: that's good man. I don't know, you see like all
• 40:16
  Speaker 1: tore up about it, but I mean here, here's look
• 40:18
  Speaker 1: at I need to do better on Yeah, Like I
• 40:25
  Speaker 1: don't want to do it, but I could tell that
• 40:26
  Speaker 1: story real quick. But can you set a template for me?
• 40:31
  Speaker 1: I'd be like, Okay, you really want me to? Yeah, seriously,
• 40:35
  Speaker 1: because like I totally bored myself to death. I got
• 40:38
  Speaker 1: this little spot at hunt. It's really small, it's close town.
• 40:42
  Speaker 1: Um usually go out there and you just see deer
• 40:43
  Speaker 1: like on other people's properties. But I went out there
• 40:46
  Speaker 1: and like, holy sh it, there's a deer like on
• 40:48
  Speaker 1: the part I can Hunt, which really surprised me. So
• 40:51
  Speaker 1: I crept up on it and I got a couple
• 40:53
  Speaker 1: of bad hits, but it died. It was so good.
• 40:59
  Speaker 1: I will will point out that Korean told me the story.
• 41:06
  Speaker 1: I think we were at the thirty seven minute mark,
• 41:10
  Speaker 1: but by the time we were wrapped up, that would
• 41:14
  Speaker 1: be a great no. The hunt was from the time
• 41:21
  Speaker 1: I saw it to the time I got it was
• 41:22
  Speaker 1: a little over an hour. I used to want to
• 41:24
  Speaker 1: start a business version for you. I want to start
• 41:28
  Speaker 1: a business where people that are trying to rationalize something
• 41:31
  Speaker 1: that doesn't make any sense would call you up and
• 41:33
  Speaker 1: you'd help them rationalize it, or that they want to
• 41:36
  Speaker 1: buy a certain car but they're already in debt and everything.
• 41:39
  Speaker 1: And I'd be like, hey, listen, man, let's try this
• 41:41
  Speaker 1: one on. Um. You do best when you feel good
• 41:44
  Speaker 1: about yourself, Right, You'd like to feel like a winner,
• 41:47
  Speaker 1: and that helps you perform like a winner. So maybe
• 41:51
  Speaker 1: you need this car to become a winner. Right, I'll
• 41:54
  Speaker 1: help you, like rationalized ship. Better business might be people
• 41:57
  Speaker 1: call um, They're like, dude, I got a hunting story,
• 41:59
  Speaker 1: but I don't know how to tell it, and then
• 42:02
  Speaker 1: they tell it, and then you're like, okay, let's work
• 42:04
  Speaker 1: out of here. What you do start like this good
• 42:08
  Speaker 1: little business. I'll be like hit one for rationalizations, hit
• 42:12
  Speaker 1: two for lengthy hunts. But I think you did a
• 42:17
  Speaker 1: great I think you just you know, it's it's however
• 42:20
  Speaker 1: you want to say at time in the woods, time
• 42:22
  Speaker 1: in the saddle, you know, you just need more repetition.
• 42:26
  Speaker 1: And even with a lot of repetition, you can end
• 42:28
  Speaker 1: up in a situation where you're like, yeah, a couple
• 42:31
  Speaker 1: of bad hits, and but I got it. I know
• 42:33
  Speaker 1: what I was gonna tell you to make you feel better,
• 42:35
  Speaker 1: not make you feel better. But here's the thing. Let's
• 42:37
  Speaker 1: say your bowl hunting and you hit it here it
• 42:40
  Speaker 1: runs off, and you got okay, you're not We're gonna
• 42:43
  Speaker 1: wait an hour, okay, So later you go trail it,
• 42:47
  Speaker 1: and as you're trailing it, you're like, oh, here's where
• 42:50
  Speaker 1: it stopped for a while, And there's like a pipe
• 42:52
  Speaker 1: hate size pool of blood dried on the leaves, and
• 42:55
  Speaker 1: you go a little bit like, oh, it stopped here
• 42:57
  Speaker 1: for a while, And you go a little bit. Now
• 42:59
  Speaker 1: you're a hundred yards away from where you hit it
• 43:01
  Speaker 1: and here it is dead. Uh, that might not have happened.
• 43:07
  Speaker 1: That might have happened over an hour, but it's out
• 43:12
  Speaker 1: of sight. So that person then finds and there's nothing
• 43:15
  Speaker 1: but happy they didn't have to witness what went on
• 43:21
  Speaker 1: during that hour. The reason they're waiting an hour. They're
• 43:25
  Speaker 1: waiting an hour because it might not be dead. If
• 43:28
  Speaker 1: it was a foregone conclusion that was laying there dead,
• 43:30
  Speaker 1: you wouldn't need to wait an hour. You're like letting
• 43:32
  Speaker 1: it die, do you know what I'm saying. So you
• 43:35
  Speaker 1: were witnessed to something that is it is like, if
• 43:40
  Speaker 1: you're not comfortable with that, then don't shoot at things.
• 43:44
  Speaker 1: If you're witnessing, you're witnessing something that is is like
• 43:46
  Speaker 1: people just assume it's happening out of their view in
• 43:49
  Speaker 1: thick country. Well here's a question. After you maybe take
• 43:54
  Speaker 1: a bad shot and it goes down and it comes
• 43:58
  Speaker 1: up slowly, and I think, like it's just trying to
• 44:01
  Speaker 1: gather itself. It might die if you just still watch, Okay, okay,
• 44:09
  Speaker 1: if it comes back shot okay. So guy was listening
• 44:22
  Speaker 1: to the podcast at his camp fire and he got
• 44:25
  Speaker 1: and he was listening to chaster singing his who yep,
• 44:27
  Speaker 1: who yep a song and it called in a black
• 44:31
  Speaker 1: bear and two cups that song should uh put that
• 44:38
  Speaker 1: on a fox bro or something I know, put it
• 44:41
  Speaker 1: on a predator caller Chester going called one in, um
• 44:47
  Speaker 1: oh dirt, miss body shot a bear. It took it
• 44:50
  Speaker 1: to get checked and they just had tranquilized and relocated
• 44:53
  Speaker 1: the bear. Which when someone gets a bear, in the
• 44:55
  Speaker 1: back of your mind you're thinking like, hey, must be
• 44:57
  Speaker 1: a good hunter. But then when he gets a bear
• 44:59
  Speaker 1: that's been recently relocated, it paints this entirely different picture
• 45:04
  Speaker 1: where it's like, what the hell is that bear doing there? Right?
• 45:06
  Speaker 1: There's figuring things out. So he got had recently been
• 45:09
  Speaker 1: had lived where he's lived for ten days, and um,
• 45:13
  Speaker 1: you know, you know, kudos him. So the fishing game says,
• 45:17
  Speaker 1: we just tranquilized that bear, don't eat it, to which
• 45:20
  Speaker 1: I said, that's just someone trying to cover their ass,
• 45:22
  Speaker 1: like there's no way that's gonna make you sick. And
• 45:24
  Speaker 1: then we talked about people we've known that have been
• 45:26
  Speaker 1: hit by tranquilizer darts and they were fine. Kind of Uh.
• 45:32
  Speaker 1: Someone wrote him to say someone from Minnesota's DNR who
• 45:36
  Speaker 1: unnecessary unesthetizes bears. He says, there isn't a lot of
• 45:41
  Speaker 1: literature on the subject, but the thirty day window is
• 45:43
  Speaker 1: usually derived from the retention time of drugs in the
• 45:47
  Speaker 1: muscles of domestic animals are captain wildlife. The use of
• 45:52
  Speaker 1: domestic animals is a good proxy for wild animals because
• 45:55
  Speaker 1: getting a good replicated sample of wild critters to test
• 45:58
  Speaker 1: on would be different. Minnesota dnr US utilizes the thirty
• 46:04
  Speaker 1: day guideline as such. He's where it gets interesting. We
• 46:08
  Speaker 1: don't drug animals within a month of the bear season
• 46:12
  Speaker 1: opener for research, but if a bear is anesthetized in
• 46:17
  Speaker 1: that window by us d A Wildlife Services, it is
• 46:21
  Speaker 1: marked with ear tags that say do not eat by
• 46:27
  Speaker 1: which is hilarious. Hilarious. It's like finding a bear with
• 46:31
  Speaker 1: an expiration date on it half a fingerweight. In they
• 46:36
  Speaker 1: have a thirty day rule of not eating tranquilized bears.
• 46:40
  Speaker 1: In Arizona, if we do have to drug a bear
• 46:43
  Speaker 1: within thirty days of a hunting season, we put ear
• 46:46
  Speaker 1: tags on them that that that's say call a z
• 46:51
  Speaker 1: g f D, which is the state's Fish and Game
• 46:53
  Speaker 1: Department call a z g f D. Do not consume
• 46:59
  Speaker 1: Let's say it's hard restend. Three years later, still wearing
• 47:01
  Speaker 1: this ear tag, you're calling in, They'll say, go ahead
• 47:04
  Speaker 1: and disregard. The drug is metabolized out of their system
• 47:09
  Speaker 1: in ten to fourteen days. But agencies like to play
• 47:11
  Speaker 1: it safe. That that was my I was like, man,
• 47:15
  Speaker 1: I'd eat that bear. But I can completely and totally
• 47:18
  Speaker 1: understand why state employee would tell you do not eat
• 47:22
  Speaker 1: that bear. Oh yeah, They're never gonna be like, yeah,
• 47:25
  Speaker 1: go ahead, thanks for calling in. Of course they're gonna
• 47:30
  Speaker 1: be like, uh, no, no answer, no ah. So Jack,
• 47:42
  Speaker 1: you were born in Montana according to my parents, Yes,
• 47:47
  Speaker 1: how long did you live here? How long did you
• 47:48
  Speaker 1: live here before you went away? Because then you came
• 47:50
  Speaker 1: back and tried college here. No, I was I was
• 47:52
  Speaker 1: born and raised in Shelby. Um. I graduated from high
• 47:58
  Speaker 1: school there, and then I went to the universe you
• 48:00
  Speaker 1: have Montana and Missoula and flunked out almost immediately and
• 48:06
  Speaker 1: uh and then got drafted. Can you can you flunked
• 48:11
  Speaker 1: out on what grounds? Like? You know what I mean?
• 48:13
  Speaker 1: Like what was going on? Well? Yeah, like like I
• 48:19
  Speaker 1: think at the end of my first two semesters, I
• 48:22
  Speaker 1: had a zero point zero six great average like that bad?
• 48:28
  Speaker 1: That bad? You know, I had all fs and one
• 48:31
  Speaker 1: A and swimming I'm serious, yes, and uh yeah, I
• 48:38
  Speaker 1: got drafted and and I went to Vietnam and came
• 48:42
  Speaker 1: back and I went back to college and flunked out
• 48:46
  Speaker 1: six more times. But why would they keep giving you
• 48:48
  Speaker 1: more chances to go back? Well, you have to play
• 48:52
  Speaker 1: to go to schools. Make a lot of money off
• 48:56
  Speaker 1: this guy, they decided, you know, they Yeah, I when
• 49:01
  Speaker 1: I was in high school, like, I won three of
• 49:04
  Speaker 1: the four science fairs, and my science teacher was, you know,
• 49:10
  Speaker 1: I couldn't understand why I was flunking science classes and
• 49:13
  Speaker 1: winning science fairs. That is a good question. It was
• 49:17
  Speaker 1: a good question. It turns out I'm just severely dyslexic,
• 49:23
  Speaker 1: and reading is the hardest thing that I do still. Anyway,
• 49:29
  Speaker 1: my father just thought I was just a dumb ship
• 49:32
  Speaker 1: And so what does he mean about it? He had
• 49:35
  Speaker 1: been a valedictorian of his class, and so, you know,
• 49:39
  Speaker 1: he just figured I was lazy. So when you're okay,
• 49:44
  Speaker 1: if you're dyslexic, like, what's happening when you try to read?
• 49:49
  Speaker 1: You know, it's pretty hard to explain since I don't
• 49:51
  Speaker 1: know how what's happening when you're reading. Yeah, it's just
• 49:56
  Speaker 1: I think most of it is just allow of of
• 50:01
  Speaker 1: the really short term memory. I can't memorize anything, not
• 50:06
  Speaker 1: even like four letters or four numbers. And so when
• 50:12
  Speaker 1: you can't retain you know, I can, I can sort
• 50:15
  Speaker 1: of read along. I read letters rather than words, and
• 50:19
  Speaker 1: so it just takes a long time, but then you
• 50:21
  Speaker 1: can't retain it. So but if you're if you're listening
• 50:24
  Speaker 1: to a book on tape, is that better? It's better,
• 50:28
  Speaker 1: but it's still the short term memory thing is still there.
• 50:32
  Speaker 1: So you know, my learning, most of the learning that
• 50:36
  Speaker 1: I've done is just sort of on the job training,
• 50:39
  Speaker 1: right experience. So walk through how you went from not
• 50:46
  Speaker 1: being able to keep in school to be in the
• 50:50
  Speaker 1: foremost or one of the foremost dinosaur researchers on the planet.
• 50:55
  Speaker 1: Like something happen, Well, nothing really happened. I was pretty
• 51:00
  Speaker 1: be lucky. Um, the professors that you have m realized that,
• 51:05
  Speaker 1: you know, that I had a real strong interest in paleontology.
• 51:10
  Speaker 1: Finally they just you know, just let me take classes.
• 51:14
  Speaker 1: And at the end of it, I had also learned
• 51:17
  Speaker 1: how to prepare fossils, how to clean fossils out of rock,
• 51:22
  Speaker 1: and I was pretty good at it. And I went
• 51:25
  Speaker 1: to college for seven years, and at the end of it,
• 51:28
  Speaker 1: I had taken all the classes that I thought were
• 51:31
  Speaker 1: necessary to be a paleontologist. I didn't think i'd ever
• 51:35
  Speaker 1: really be one, but I took all the classes, and
• 51:38
  Speaker 1: then I just started applying for jobs all over the
• 51:41
  Speaker 1: world where where they spoke English, you know, in museums
• 51:46
  Speaker 1: and uh. There was a guy that had just come
• 51:48
  Speaker 1: to the University of Montana from New Jersey, Rutgers University,
• 51:53
  Speaker 1: and he saw some of the stuff I did, and
• 51:55
  Speaker 1: so he put a word in for me at at
• 51:58
  Speaker 1: Princeton University. And I got a job as a technician
• 52:02
  Speaker 1: at Princeton University. So I went there was culture shock,
• 52:06
  Speaker 1: as you can imagine, Shelby to New Jersey, and then
• 52:11
  Speaker 1: I started working there in nineteen seventy five, and two
• 52:14
  Speaker 1: years later I found one of the first dinosaur eggs
• 52:18
  Speaker 1: in North America. And then you know, we found baby
• 52:21
  Speaker 1: dinosaurs the year later, and I published my first paper
• 52:25
  Speaker 1: in Nature magazine, and they, like Nature, didn't this. They
• 52:29
  Speaker 1: didn't have a thing that you can't publish in here
• 52:31
  Speaker 1: if you don't have a doctorate, and you can't publish
• 52:33
  Speaker 1: in here if you don't have a degree. They just,
• 52:36
  Speaker 1: you know, they're just looking for good data. But but
• 52:38
  Speaker 1: how did you know to make your how did you
• 52:40
  Speaker 1: know to make your findings conform to what it takes
• 52:44
  Speaker 1: to have like a to be in a peer review journal. Well,
• 52:47
  Speaker 1: I my boss at Princeton University, the curator there, helped
• 52:51
  Speaker 1: me out. Helped you write it up. He didn't help
• 52:55
  Speaker 1: me write it. He just sort of he gave me
• 52:56
  Speaker 1: a lot of pointers. And I had learned a lot
• 53:00
  Speaker 1: of things when I was at the University of Montana.
• 53:02
  Speaker 1: My professors there had taught me a lot about how
• 53:05
  Speaker 1: to write a paper, too. So yeah, so what was
• 53:09
  Speaker 1: that paper? It was the family structure of Dinosaurs. And
• 53:15
  Speaker 1: I realized early on that if I studied something that
• 53:18
  Speaker 1: no one else had ever studied, I didn't have to
• 53:21
  Speaker 1: read very much. So no one had found baby dinosaurs
• 53:27
  Speaker 1: before that, and no one had even gone looking for
• 53:30
  Speaker 1: them because they at that time didn't even think they
• 53:32
  Speaker 1: could find them. And so dinosaur behavior was sort of
• 53:36
  Speaker 1: something that I was interested in doing. And and then fortunately,
• 53:41
  Speaker 1: through a whole bunch of weird circumstances, found baby dinosaurs
• 53:45
  Speaker 1: and and it basically launched my career. And you didn't
• 53:49
  Speaker 1: have to go read everybody else and stuff. We have
• 53:51
  Speaker 1: to read anything. How did you find the dinosaurs? Like?
• 53:55
  Speaker 1: What were you looking for? Something specific, a different like
• 53:58
  Speaker 1: a type of soil or no. Um, it's sort of
• 54:02
  Speaker 1: a history to it. Um. There were two paleontology groups.
• 54:07
  Speaker 1: There was a group from the Smithsonian and a group
• 54:10
  Speaker 1: from the American Museum in New York that back in
• 54:14
  Speaker 1: the early nineteen hundreds had found some dinosaurs in Montana
• 54:19
  Speaker 1: and very close to Shelby where I grew up. In fact,
• 54:23
  Speaker 1: some of them were found where I found my first
• 54:25
  Speaker 1: dinosaur bones as a kid. And a lot of the
• 54:29
  Speaker 1: dinosaurs that they found they named new species, but they
• 54:33
  Speaker 1: were little. And in nineteen seventy five, the year that
• 54:37
  Speaker 1: I got a job at Princeton, paper came out showing
• 54:41
  Speaker 1: that those were juvenile dinosaurs. It showed that juvenile dinosaurs
• 54:47
  Speaker 1: looked different than adult dinosaurs, even though they looked really different. Um,
• 54:52
  Speaker 1: even though the juveniles were pretty big, I mean, they
• 54:55
  Speaker 1: weren't babies, they were they were pretty big. And it's
• 54:59
  Speaker 1: kind of you know, it's like a deer, right, I mean,
• 55:01
  Speaker 1: a young buck looks different than an older buck, right,
• 55:05
  Speaker 1: they get up, their antlers continue to get begger each year.
• 55:09
  Speaker 1: And so with dinosaurs, the same sort of thing that
• 55:13
  Speaker 1: juveniles look different than the adults, and you know, they
• 55:16
  Speaker 1: can be pretty big, so they're retaining their juvenile characteristics.
• 55:21
  Speaker 1: And this person published this paper, but then nobody paid
• 55:24
  Speaker 1: any attention. I mean they did pay attention, but every
• 55:28
  Speaker 1: time somebody would find a new dinosaur that looked different,
• 55:31
  Speaker 1: they had still name it something different, not realizing it
• 55:34
  Speaker 1: could be just a juvenile of something else. And that
• 55:38
  Speaker 1: was where I started realizing that, you know, that's what
• 55:42
  Speaker 1: they're probably doing. And so I was out looking in
• 55:45
  Speaker 1: that same area and didn't find what I was looking for.
• 55:50
  Speaker 1: But one day a friend of mine said, there's a
• 55:53
  Speaker 1: lady in buying the Montana that has some dinosaurs. She
• 55:57
  Speaker 1: found a dinosaur and she wanted to identified. And I
• 56:00
  Speaker 1: was really close to where I had found my first dinosaurs,
• 56:03
  Speaker 1: and so I said, you know, i'll go identify it
• 56:06
  Speaker 1: for her, and I did, and as I was leaving
• 56:09
  Speaker 1: her rock shop, she said, oh, by the way, do
• 56:11
  Speaker 1: you have any idea what these little things are? And
• 56:14
  Speaker 1: in her hand were the first baby dinosaurs. From North
• 56:19
  Speaker 1: America and eggs are hatched. No, they were just tiny
• 56:24
  Speaker 1: little fragments of skeleton. And I said, you know, I
• 56:29
  Speaker 1: was almost fell over. And did she just find them
• 56:33
  Speaker 1: like on her on her property or so? She found
• 56:35
  Speaker 1: him on a ranch near Choto and and I said, yes,
• 56:39
  Speaker 1: I know what those are. They're really important. She gave
• 56:43
  Speaker 1: them to me. I later talked to the landowners and
• 56:47
  Speaker 1: got permission to go back out there and excavate. My
• 56:50
  Speaker 1: friend Bob and I, who was a high school science teacher.
• 56:54
  Speaker 1: He and I went out excavated this thing and it
• 56:56
  Speaker 1: turned out to be a nest full of baby dinosaurs
• 57:00
  Speaker 1: and they were the first baby dinosaurs in the world.
• 57:04
  Speaker 1: How many were in the nest? Like they were hanging
• 57:08
  Speaker 1: out on the nest hatched and they were Yeah, they
• 57:10
  Speaker 1: were three ft long and as an adult the adults
• 57:15
  Speaker 1: are thirty five ft long. So a little nest of
• 57:18
  Speaker 1: fifteen three ft long dinosaurs hanging out in the nest together. Ye.
• 57:22
  Speaker 1: What happened to them? How did you get killed? Well,
• 57:24
  Speaker 1: they were probably abandoned by the parents because they couldn't
• 57:29
  Speaker 1: walk on their own, so just like baby birds, so
• 57:32
  Speaker 1: they weren't like engulfed in ash or something. No, they're
• 57:36
  Speaker 1: they probably were just abandoned. Could you tell, like what
• 57:41
  Speaker 1: the nest was made out of, Like, was that kind
• 57:43
  Speaker 1: of a sediment? Oh? Really, they pile made a pile
• 57:47
  Speaker 1: of dirt or something that carved it out. What was
• 57:50
  Speaker 1: the circumference of the nest about six ft that's pretty tight. Yeah,
• 57:57
  Speaker 1: it was really cool. And was that the miasaur? I
• 58:04
  Speaker 1: gotta ask you one of my hot dinosaur questions. Just
• 58:07
  Speaker 1: has a lot to do with your research. Alright, I
• 58:08
  Speaker 1: got a cult to have a lot to do with
• 58:10
  Speaker 1: your research nowadays, I'm gonna I'm gonna nowadays, anytime someone
• 58:18
  Speaker 1: that I hang out with is looking at a chicken
• 58:22
  Speaker 1: or looking at a turkey, they go like, a you
• 58:25
  Speaker 1: can't pull the wool over my eyes. I got his number.
• 58:28
  Speaker 1: That's a dinosaur, right, Yeah. Why don't they say that
• 58:32
  Speaker 1: when they're looking at chickenees? Well they should, but why
• 58:36
  Speaker 1: does everybody just do it for turkeys and chickens? I
• 58:41
  Speaker 1: don't know. That's a that's a good question, but it
• 58:43
  Speaker 1: might have something to do with, you know, the fact
• 58:46
  Speaker 1: that I keep saying chickens are dinomas. I know, I
• 58:50
  Speaker 1: feel like you created the problem. I probably dead you know, well,
• 58:54
  Speaker 1: I could see, like I'll start talking about chicken eases.
• 58:58
  Speaker 1: You see a turkey or chicken like with the longer
• 59:01
  Speaker 1: neck and just the way they run around looks more
• 59:03
  Speaker 1: like a dinosaur than a chicken. Ee. But it's just
• 59:05
  Speaker 1: starting to get it's starting to annoy me. I know
• 59:07
  Speaker 1: what you mean, because I don't know why isn't any
• 59:11
  Speaker 1: bird chicken an eagle? Yea, you know they all are
• 59:14
  Speaker 1: all all birds have a common ancestor, and so you know,
• 59:20
  Speaker 1: they're all equally a dinosaur. And this is like, this
• 59:25
  Speaker 1: is pretty bad. This is pretty one on one stuff.
• 59:27
  Speaker 1: You can do that as a launch pad to talk
• 59:28
  Speaker 1: about this whole thing is they did, Like the idea
• 59:33
  Speaker 1: that dinosaurs went extinct is sort of like most of
• 59:38
  Speaker 1: them all. Basically all of the dinosaurs that we think
• 59:43
  Speaker 1: of as dinosaurs went extinct. The dinosaurs that gave rise
• 59:48
  Speaker 1: to birds were a little they were like a little
• 59:52
  Speaker 1: velociraptor thing. I mean, they're and you know they're called solurosaurs.
• 59:58
  Speaker 1: We don't even you know, it's just one tiny branch
• 1:00:04
  Speaker 1: of dinosauria. Is it a genus or a family or
• 1:00:07
  Speaker 1: there was a it was a family, but but but
• 1:00:11
  Speaker 1: the you know, the branch that led to birds, you know,
• 1:00:17
  Speaker 1: branched off during the Jurassic Period. I mean it was
• 1:00:20
  Speaker 1: so birds and dinosaurs, birds and extinct the ones that
• 1:00:23
  Speaker 1: would go extinct lived together and so and and they
• 1:00:29
  Speaker 1: were relatively small bipedal meat eaters. Um, they gave rise
• 1:00:37
  Speaker 1: to birds. And so, yeah, walk through the steps and
• 1:00:41
  Speaker 1: figure and figuring that out, Like what were the clues
• 1:00:45
  Speaker 1: along the way that let someone be like that must
• 1:00:49
  Speaker 1: was just because there was an absence of an other
• 1:00:51
  Speaker 1: explanation or they're like little concrete things that would happen. Well,
• 1:00:54
  Speaker 1: you know, to determine be you know, to determine related us,
• 1:01:00
  Speaker 1: we look at similarities, right, you can't look so for
• 1:01:04
  Speaker 1: a long time, people you know, looked at dinosaurs and
• 1:01:07
  Speaker 1: they looked at birds and they said, you know, they
• 1:01:10
  Speaker 1: a lot of people thought they couldn't be related because
• 1:01:13
  Speaker 1: there's so many differences between them, right, you know, I
• 1:01:15
  Speaker 1: mean they just don't look at all alike. Right, A
• 1:01:19
  Speaker 1: robin and a Tyrannosaurus, or a robin and a Stegasaurus
• 1:01:23
  Speaker 1: just have so many differences between them that nobody thought
• 1:01:28
  Speaker 1: about the fact that you know that we determine relatedness
• 1:01:34
  Speaker 1: by similarities and differences don't matter at all. Right, if
• 1:01:39
  Speaker 1: you're going to determine whether you're related to your brother
• 1:01:41
  Speaker 1: or your sister, you can't do it by looking at
• 1:01:43
  Speaker 1: the differences between you. You only do it by looking
• 1:01:46
  Speaker 1: at the similarities. And so when people started actually looking
• 1:01:50
  Speaker 1: for similarities, they found that that extinct dinosaurs have more
• 1:01:56
  Speaker 1: similarities with birds then they have with any other group
• 1:02:00
  Speaker 1: of animals. And so you hit me with a couple
• 1:02:04
  Speaker 1: of the similarities. Feathers, hollow bones, hard shelled eggs. Um.
• 1:02:09
  Speaker 1: I mean, you just just lots and lots of characters.
• 1:02:14
  Speaker 1: Wasn't there a big like aha moment with the lungs
• 1:02:17
  Speaker 1: of dinosaurs and how they're similar, like they're more similar
• 1:02:19
  Speaker 1: to birds than they are to like crocodiles. Well that's
• 1:02:23
  Speaker 1: but that's a hypothesis. We don't really have the lungs
• 1:02:26
  Speaker 1: of dinosaurs. So so we we do know that that
• 1:02:31
  Speaker 1: a lot of dinosaurs, like long necked dinosaurs, the sauropods
• 1:02:34
  Speaker 1: and the mediating dinosaurs, have a lot of hollow spaces
• 1:02:38
  Speaker 1: in their bones, and that's similar to birds because birds,
• 1:02:43
  Speaker 1: you know, birds actually breathe through their lungs into these
• 1:02:48
  Speaker 1: air sacks that are in their skeleton much more efficient
• 1:02:53
  Speaker 1: than mammals they do. That they have is in an
• 1:02:56
  Speaker 1: immediate sense, huh, Like, I mean when he the bird
• 1:03:00
  Speaker 1: takes a breath, that breath is immediately moving into hollows
• 1:03:04
  Speaker 1: in their bones. It goes right through their lungs into
• 1:03:07
  Speaker 1: into air air sacks, and then the air in the
• 1:03:12
  Speaker 1: air sacks comes back out. Basically the way birds breathe,
• 1:03:16
  Speaker 1: they have fresh air in their lungs, whether they're breathing
• 1:03:19
  Speaker 1: in or breathing out, it is really efficient. We breathe
• 1:03:25
  Speaker 1: in and you know, in our into our lungs, and
• 1:03:29
  Speaker 1: we've got dead air space from our lungs to our
• 1:03:32
  Speaker 1: nose right and then we just breathe it back out again.
• 1:03:35
  Speaker 1: But birds, I say, whether they're breathing in or breathing out,
• 1:03:40
  Speaker 1: there's this this sort of double passage way that that
• 1:03:44
  Speaker 1: allows fresh air to always be in their lungs very efficient.
• 1:03:52
  Speaker 1: And there's a hypothesis that the dinosaur has had that
• 1:03:54
  Speaker 1: characteristic at least at least the sarris ski and dinosaurs,
• 1:04:00
  Speaker 1: which include all the meat eaters and all of the sauropods,
• 1:04:05
  Speaker 1: the long neck dinosaurs, the others um try Sarah to
• 1:04:10
  Speaker 1: this horn dinosaurs and the duckbill dinosaurs they don't have
• 1:04:14
  Speaker 1: they don't seem to have those characteristics, but had something similar.
• 1:04:20
  Speaker 1: The similarity like thought processes, is really amazing to grasp because, uh,
• 1:04:29
  Speaker 1: just like one example, like sandhill cranes, right, the sandhill
• 1:04:33
  Speaker 1: crane that we have flying around today, that we're starting
• 1:04:35
  Speaker 1: to be able to hunt again, and in a lot
• 1:04:38
  Speaker 1: of these states, um in very very very very very
• 1:04:43
  Speaker 1: similar to the degree of it is the same bird
• 1:04:45
  Speaker 1: as the ones that's in the fossil record going back
• 1:04:49
  Speaker 1: two and a half million years ago. Uh. And then
• 1:04:52
  Speaker 1: there's this community that says, but that fossil is so
• 1:04:57
  Speaker 1: similar to this fossil from seventeen million years ago? Is
• 1:05:03
  Speaker 1: it all just one bird? Well, it's not all just
• 1:05:06
  Speaker 1: one bird. I mean, you know, evolution is an accumulation
• 1:05:10
  Speaker 1: of of characteristics over time, and so it depends on
• 1:05:14
  Speaker 1: where you start comparing. All Right, We'll take individual A, right,
• 1:05:20
  Speaker 1: and and it's offspring is different than it is, and
• 1:05:25
  Speaker 1: and then it's offspring is more different, right, And you
• 1:05:29
  Speaker 1: just keep looking every generation after generation after generation comparing
• 1:05:35
  Speaker 1: back to the first one. Right, the difference gets greater
• 1:05:39
  Speaker 1: and greater and greater and greater. So at what point
• 1:05:42
  Speaker 1: do you define a similarity. And so that's why you
• 1:05:46
  Speaker 1: know it's it's you can't pin down where a specie.
• 1:05:51
  Speaker 1: The greatest change that ever occurs in evolution is the
• 1:05:55
  Speaker 1: difference between your parents and you and you. You know,
• 1:06:00
  Speaker 1: that's the biggest change that ever happens in evolution. There's
• 1:06:04
  Speaker 1: never a point when something just pops up in one
• 1:06:07
  Speaker 1: day is completely different. So so it is just an
• 1:06:13
  Speaker 1: accumulation of characteristics over long periods of time. So so
• 1:06:18
  Speaker 1: you know, two million years it's possible that that the
• 1:06:23
  Speaker 1: sandhill crane of today theoretically could mate with with a
• 1:06:30
  Speaker 1: sandhill crane from two and a half million years ago.
• 1:06:33
  Speaker 1: That's theoretically possible, but but the characteristics would be very
• 1:06:43
  Speaker 1: different because the ecosystem has changed so much. This is
• 1:06:47
  Speaker 1: the thing that I find confuses people all the time,
• 1:06:49
  Speaker 1: regardless what they're talking about. Like I was having a
• 1:06:51
  Speaker 1: conversation there day with Clay Nucom about he's doing a
• 1:06:54
  Speaker 1: series on the fulsome site where they had where ice
• 1:06:58
  Speaker 1: age hunters killed an animal called bison antiquois and Clay
• 1:07:02
  Speaker 1: as Clay was saying it's an extinct bison species, Like
• 1:07:06
  Speaker 1: it's not an extinct bison species is if you went
• 1:07:09
  Speaker 1: back twelve thousand years, that's what they looked like. It's
• 1:07:15
  Speaker 1: it's our it's the one we have now. It's just
• 1:07:17
  Speaker 1: they look different. There were twenty percent bigger, their horns,
• 1:07:20
  Speaker 1: their horns sweept in a different their horns sweept in
• 1:07:23
  Speaker 1: a different direction. But it wasn't like they all ceased
• 1:07:26
  Speaker 1: to exist. And then all of a sudden the kind
• 1:07:28
  Speaker 1: we know today sprang from like Zeus's brow, right, you know,
• 1:07:32
  Speaker 1: like it's it is just a it's a continuum. But
• 1:07:36
  Speaker 1: how do you how do you decide where to like,
• 1:07:38
  Speaker 1: how do people decide where to go? Like that ended,
• 1:07:40
  Speaker 1: and this began we we we don't do that. You
• 1:07:43
  Speaker 1: guys quit doing that. We got together over a guy
• 1:07:53
  Speaker 1: in fifty nine published a book in the Origin of Species.
• 1:07:59
  Speaker 1: That's that's that's when they stopped doing that. Pretty good
• 1:08:02
  Speaker 1: circulation on that, So that was when they, I mean
• 1:08:05
  Speaker 1: it basically before that, you know, before Darwin published that book,
• 1:08:10
  Speaker 1: I mean, most people just you know, it was sort
• 1:08:13
  Speaker 1: of the Lenaan way of thinking that that fish and
• 1:08:16
  Speaker 1: amphibians and reptiles and birds and mammals were completely different
• 1:08:20
  Speaker 1: from each other. And you could easily identify them and
• 1:08:24
  Speaker 1: and they'd all been put on earth on one day, right,
• 1:08:28
  Speaker 1: and so and so what Darwin did, but we showed
• 1:08:33
  Speaker 1: that they actually were related, and they're related through their
• 1:08:39
  Speaker 1: you know, going back generations and generations and and not
• 1:08:43
  Speaker 1: talking about five generations but thousands of generations, right, and
• 1:08:47
  Speaker 1: so you can just you can start linking them together
• 1:08:52
  Speaker 1: and we can do it. You know, now we can
• 1:08:54
  Speaker 1: determine relatedness with d n A. Right, and from a
• 1:09:00
  Speaker 1: working sense, the your example of could this breed with that?
• 1:09:09
  Speaker 1: Is that a pretty good like working man's definition of Unfortunately,
• 1:09:14
  Speaker 1: that is the species definition. The biologic species definition is
• 1:09:18
  Speaker 1: two animals that can mate and have viable offspring. There
• 1:09:24
  Speaker 1: because you can't do fossils. Yeah, mule deer and white
• 1:09:27
  Speaker 1: tails can breed, but they don't have a viable exactly, right,
• 1:09:31
  Speaker 1: And you know the same goes for lions and tigers
• 1:09:34
  Speaker 1: and and and you know horses and donkeys. Well, yeah, exactly,
• 1:09:44
  Speaker 1: but it depends on it depends on. It depends on
• 1:09:47
  Speaker 1: what the male is and what the female is. Because
• 1:09:51
  Speaker 1: if you do it opposite of making a mule, you
• 1:09:53
  Speaker 1: get a hymie, oh animal called a heinie so and
• 1:09:59
  Speaker 1: it's like a like or a liger and a and
• 1:10:03
  Speaker 1: uh lie gone or whatever they call them. You know,
• 1:10:06
  Speaker 1: it depends on who the father is and who the mother,
• 1:10:10
  Speaker 1: which which species the or which organism. That's the origin
• 1:10:16
  Speaker 1: of the word heinie. I feel like I've heard that
• 1:10:19
  Speaker 1: when I was a kid, like my grandmother or something
• 1:10:22
  Speaker 1: like you know or something like that. Yeah, yeah, there
• 1:10:28
  Speaker 1: we go. Let me let me hear, let me hear
• 1:10:31
  Speaker 1: the population demographics question. What Okay, let's say you were
• 1:10:39
  Speaker 1: you were back in time. Okay, I'm always back in time.
• 1:10:42
  Speaker 1: You're back in time, and you're gonna go out and
• 1:10:45
  Speaker 1: hunt for a transporse rex Okay, well I can. I
• 1:10:50
  Speaker 1: can tell you right from the get go it's not
• 1:10:54
  Speaker 1: as difficult as Karin's story about hunting this deer. I mean,
• 1:10:59
  Speaker 1: the story is diff You block off ten days, okay,
• 1:11:06
  Speaker 1: you go to I don't know, you go to the
• 1:11:08
  Speaker 1: shore of the Great Inland Sea. Okay, you block off
• 1:11:12
  Speaker 1: at ten day, hunt at the height of t rex nous.
• 1:11:19
  Speaker 1: You find a good trail, you find a good overlook,
• 1:11:22
  Speaker 1: You find a good overlook where you're commanding. You can
• 1:11:25
  Speaker 1: see your your your glass, and three miles out okay,
• 1:11:35
  Speaker 1: and you just work this glass and nob how many
• 1:11:38
  Speaker 1: do you see? And it's it's media. It's a media.
• 1:11:44
  Speaker 1: Turns out it's a mediocre trip over a ten day period,
• 1:11:48
  Speaker 1: ten days, a hard glass and the edge of the
• 1:11:51
  Speaker 1: Great Inland Sea. How many t rexes do I pick
• 1:11:54
  Speaker 1: off with my binoculars? Quite a few, you think, so, yeah,
• 1:12:01
  Speaker 1: I I'm I would hypothesize that the number of t
• 1:12:06
  Speaker 1: rex is on the coastal plane at the height of
• 1:12:14
  Speaker 1: of the Cretaceous, the latest Cretaceous would have been similar
• 1:12:19
  Speaker 1: to hyenas on yes on on the Serengetti I would
• 1:12:30
  Speaker 1: have been so. I mean that that would that would
• 1:12:33
  Speaker 1: mean that the food for t rex would have to
• 1:12:38
  Speaker 1: be well, let's we're gonna we might have I might
• 1:12:41
  Speaker 1: have to give you a little bit of a lesson
• 1:12:43
  Speaker 1: in t rex. That is really controversial. That's one of
• 1:12:48
  Speaker 1: the reasons controversy. E mail from sixth graders. It was
• 1:12:56
  Speaker 1: like it was like a bald eagle. It was no,
• 1:12:59
  Speaker 1: it was like a high na. So they you know
• 1:13:02
  Speaker 1: high Enda's hunt. I mean, they all take down sick animal.
• 1:13:04
  Speaker 1: They just take what's easy, right, I mean they're opportunists,
• 1:13:09
  Speaker 1: and that's what we think That's what I think t
• 1:13:11
  Speaker 1: Rex was was an opportunist because it has bone crushing teeth,
• 1:13:15
  Speaker 1: and it had to evolve. It had to select for
• 1:13:19
  Speaker 1: having bone crushing teeth, which means that that it's that
• 1:13:24
  Speaker 1: its ancestors had meat slicing teeth, right, and and its
• 1:13:31
  Speaker 1: ancestors could run faster than t rex could, and it
• 1:13:35
  Speaker 1: had its ancestors had longer grasping arms, and so t
• 1:13:40
  Speaker 1: rex selected for having bone crushing teeth, having a if
• 1:13:47
  Speaker 1: you compare your femur to your tibia, you'll notice. I mean,
• 1:13:51
  Speaker 1: just think about us. We are half legs, right, and
• 1:13:56
  Speaker 1: and yet we can't outrun anything our size. We are
• 1:14:01
  Speaker 1: adapted for long distance walking. We can probably outwalk a deer.
• 1:14:07
  Speaker 1: But and a t rex is the same thing. I mean,
• 1:14:10
  Speaker 1: it's got the same proportion. It's not a runner, and
• 1:14:14
  Speaker 1: a bipedal animal that is a runner has a short
• 1:14:16
  Speaker 1: femur and a long tibia like a chicken or or
• 1:14:20
  Speaker 1: any of the birds you want to pick out. I mean,
• 1:14:23
  Speaker 1: they can they run fast because of that proportion. And
• 1:14:27
  Speaker 1: so t rex has selected for, you know, being able
• 1:14:31
  Speaker 1: to walk long distances. It has bone crushing teeth. It's
• 1:14:37
  Speaker 1: losing its arms. And it's got this enormous old factory lobe.
• 1:14:44
  Speaker 1: And and if you take, if you cat scan like
• 1:14:48
  Speaker 1: a like a bloodhound, the nose of a bloodhound, it
• 1:14:53
  Speaker 1: has relatively small old factory lobes, but it has this
• 1:14:57
  Speaker 1: huge bunch of old factory septa in its big nose,
• 1:15:02
  Speaker 1: and it can you know, can come in tomorrow and
• 1:15:06
  Speaker 1: and determine whether all of us were in this room, right,
• 1:15:09
  Speaker 1: I mean, that's how good to know it. But it
• 1:15:12
  Speaker 1: can't smell things at long distances, whereas a turkey vulture,
• 1:15:18
  Speaker 1: if you cat scan it, it has huge old factory
• 1:15:21
  Speaker 1: lobes and relatively small old factory septa, and it can
• 1:15:25
  Speaker 1: smell carcass, and it can smell something twenty five miles away.
• 1:15:30
  Speaker 1: So does that mean as good as smelling like it's
• 1:15:32
  Speaker 1: good at smelling a thing very far away rather than
• 1:15:36
  Speaker 1: a lot of detail up close. And so those that
• 1:15:41
  Speaker 1: set of characters, the bone crushing teeth and the large
• 1:15:44
  Speaker 1: old factory lobes and walking all suggests that it's that
• 1:15:50
  Speaker 1: it is an opportunistic animal and what it smells is stamping.
• 1:15:54
  Speaker 1: Plus the exactly and plus the fact that in the
• 1:15:58
  Speaker 1: fossil record to go out to eastern my antenna, and
• 1:16:00
  Speaker 1: we find Tyrannosaurus rex pretty commonly. I mean, you know,
• 1:16:06
  Speaker 1: the Museum of the Rockies has twelve t rexes. I mean,
• 1:16:10
  Speaker 1: you know, we hardly have any of the little We've
• 1:16:14
  Speaker 1: got one or two of the little little meat eaters,
• 1:16:17
  Speaker 1: you know, the kind that that have recurved claws and
• 1:16:22
  Speaker 1: and and blade teeth and and short fevers and long tibias.
• 1:16:27
  Speaker 1: I mean that could run fast and good grasping arms.
• 1:16:31
  Speaker 1: They are rare, just like cheetahs are rare in the ecosystem.
• 1:16:38
  Speaker 1: So so the number of specimens of t Rex that
• 1:16:44
  Speaker 1: we find is way above what it would be if
• 1:16:47
  Speaker 1: it was an apex predator, suggesting it's an opportunist. Now,
• 1:16:54
  Speaker 1: you know, like I said, little kids just hate that idea. So,
• 1:17:02
  Speaker 1: uh my, my little buddy Finn Harrington was going to
• 1:17:05
  Speaker 1: be in here where the kid you're supposed to have
• 1:17:06
  Speaker 1: with you? Oh, I got sick. He's um unfortunately he
• 1:17:10
  Speaker 1: doesn't know this is going on. But we're gonna give
• 1:17:15
  Speaker 1: a little shout out and um if you can hypothesize
• 1:17:20
  Speaker 1: who would win in a fight between uh t rex
• 1:17:26
  Speaker 1: and velociraptor. One t rex and a veloci raptor. Yes,
• 1:17:32
  Speaker 1: well I have like six more of these. First off,
• 1:17:38
  Speaker 1: the veloci raptor probably would come as a couple of
• 1:17:42
  Speaker 1: a few individuals. And I think they scaled their prey
• 1:17:47
  Speaker 1: so they just climb up and start eating. So they climb,
• 1:17:51
  Speaker 1: They would climb in their prey, I think so. I
• 1:17:54
  Speaker 1: think they scaled their prey. They've got recurved claws like cats,
• 1:17:57
  Speaker 1: so they could climb, and they're climbing trees. I don't
• 1:18:01
  Speaker 1: think so. I think they just scaled their prey. And
• 1:18:04
  Speaker 1: didn't Jurassic Park like get their size pretty wrong? Weren't
• 1:18:07
  Speaker 1: they really small? Well yeah, yeah, but you know it
• 1:18:11
  Speaker 1: was a movie, but but like what what was the
• 1:18:14
  Speaker 1: reality the size? And in the show you see them
• 1:18:17
  Speaker 1: like you know, theyvelociraptors about this tall. They are now
• 1:18:21
  Speaker 1: kids favorite they're like kids favorite dinosaurus. When I was
• 1:18:26
  Speaker 1: a kid, you like t Rex. Now kids like blossom raptors.
• 1:18:29
  Speaker 1: They're they're how tall, Like yeah, they're like this the
• 1:18:35
  Speaker 1: movie they're like seven feet tall. Well they but it's
• 1:18:38
  Speaker 1: it's harrowing to think they climb up the animal. So
• 1:18:42
  Speaker 1: when I when I was working on Jurassic Park, Steven
• 1:18:46
  Speaker 1: Spielberg asked me to bring a cast of of um
• 1:18:51
  Speaker 1: of dino nikas, which is closely related to velociraptor, but bigger.
• 1:18:56
  Speaker 1: And so I brought, you know, our cast of one
• 1:18:59
  Speaker 1: of our spe someone's down to the set and and people,
• 1:19:04
  Speaker 1: you know, if you remember that the scene where they're
• 1:19:10
  Speaker 1: sweeping sand off of a off a skeleton, we had
• 1:19:14
  Speaker 1: a cast of a of a dino nicas there and
• 1:19:17
  Speaker 1: and and I signed off and I said this is
• 1:19:20
  Speaker 1: you know, this is perfect, and and that and it's
• 1:19:23
  Speaker 1: even bigger than a velociraptor. But Spielberg came along and
• 1:19:28
  Speaker 1: he says it's just not big enough. And so I
• 1:19:30
  Speaker 1: got rid of that styroom. There you go, thank you,
• 1:19:36
  Speaker 1: that's why it's big. So he but but okay, so
• 1:19:41
  Speaker 1: is your little body gonna accept that he wouldn't show
• 1:19:43
  Speaker 1: up alone. I really really wish he was here because
• 1:19:46
  Speaker 1: he's a great, great at asking questions. But you know,
• 1:19:50
  Speaker 1: if t Rex, if t Rex happened to just bite him,
• 1:19:53
  Speaker 1: you know, he's gonna bite him and he's gonna just
• 1:19:55
  Speaker 1: swallow him all at once. So what would be a
• 1:19:58
  Speaker 1: better dino matchup m t Rex and who, well, you know,
• 1:20:04
  Speaker 1: clash of the titans obviously. Have you ever seen like
• 1:20:08
  Speaker 1: pictures of of hyenas and lions fighting. Yeah, that I mean,
• 1:20:15
  Speaker 1: so you know, a lion is a lion has some
• 1:20:20
  Speaker 1: advantages over over hyena because it's just more you know,
• 1:20:26
  Speaker 1: I could just move around better, right, But a hyena
• 1:20:30
  Speaker 1: has the strongest bite of almost any animal. I mean,
• 1:20:34
  Speaker 1: he's got so if it so, if any piece of
• 1:20:37
  Speaker 1: the lion gets into the hyena's mouth, it's gone. I mean,
• 1:20:41
  Speaker 1: it just crushes it because it has bone crushing teeth.
• 1:20:45
  Speaker 1: So you know, just if you stay out of the
• 1:20:48
  Speaker 1: t rex's mouth, you're fine. If you don't, whatever pieces
• 1:20:52
  Speaker 1: in there has gone. How many velocity actors to take down? Well,
• 1:20:59
  Speaker 1: that's good question, but you know, I it's hard to say,
• 1:21:03
  Speaker 1: but you know even three or four would be fine.
• 1:21:07
  Speaker 1: Dinosaurs could take down a t rex. Yeah, because because
• 1:21:11
  Speaker 1: they're climbing on that is great. I mean, thank you, Spencer.
• 1:21:15
  Speaker 1: So you've seen you know, most most reptorial birds right
• 1:21:23
  Speaker 1: come out of the sky, they hit their prey right
• 1:21:26
  Speaker 1: on the ground and then then he just stand on
• 1:21:28
  Speaker 1: it and they start eating it and the animal is
• 1:21:30
  Speaker 1: usually still alive. That's like the crows and the ravens. Yeah,
• 1:21:33
  Speaker 1: they I mean they you know, they're dinosaurs ancestors. They
• 1:21:38
  Speaker 1: they eat their prey alive. So it makes sense that
• 1:21:44
  Speaker 1: didn't do that. That poor dear. Yeah, you could have
• 1:21:47
  Speaker 1: just climbed up on it and started eating. When I
• 1:21:51
  Speaker 1: was a kid, Uh, Pluto was a planet and now
• 1:21:53
  Speaker 1: it's not. And similarly, I felt like you always heard
• 1:21:57
  Speaker 1: that dinosaurs were cold blooded, and then like five years ago,
• 1:22:01
  Speaker 1: I felt like they were headlines and like no, now
• 1:22:03
  Speaker 1: they're warm blooded, and then recently it's like, no, they're neither.
• 1:22:06
  Speaker 1: So in November, where do we stand? Definitely warm blood there,
• 1:22:15
  Speaker 1: but they're not warm blooded like us. So there weren't
• 1:22:18
  Speaker 1: blooded like birds. We are endothermic homiotherms. That means we
• 1:22:23
  Speaker 1: generate heat internally and we keep a constant body temperature,
• 1:22:27
  Speaker 1: and we a lot of our food goes into actually
• 1:22:31
  Speaker 1: keeping our constant body temperature. And the reason that we
• 1:22:36
  Speaker 1: our homeeothermic that keep this is because mammals evolved as
• 1:22:42
  Speaker 1: nocturnal creatures and so they had to have a system
• 1:22:45
  Speaker 1: to keep otherwise that they're just froze to death, right,
• 1:22:47
  Speaker 1: So they had to be able to eat, generate heat
• 1:22:52
  Speaker 1: internally and then keep it at a constant body temperature,
• 1:22:56
  Speaker 1: and so our you know, we now could utilize the
• 1:23:01
  Speaker 1: sun because we're diurnal, but we still have this leftover
• 1:23:06
  Speaker 1: physiology from being from our ancestors when we were nocturnal.
• 1:23:11
  Speaker 1: Birds have always been diurnal and other reptiles and so
• 1:23:17
  Speaker 1: so reptiles are are cold blooded, right, they're ectothermic heterotherms
• 1:23:25
  Speaker 1: are ectothermic poikyatherrms. In other words, they don't generate heat internally.
• 1:23:30
  Speaker 1: They get it from the sun and they can move
• 1:23:33
  Speaker 1: around to you know, to alter that to adjust it.
• 1:23:39
  Speaker 1: Birds are endothermic heterotherms, which means that they generate heat internally,
• 1:23:46
  Speaker 1: but they can fluctuate their temperature because they can also
• 1:23:50
  Speaker 1: utilize the sun, right, and so so there are birds
• 1:23:56
  Speaker 1: that can you know, Turkey vultures can can can fluct
• 1:24:00
  Speaker 1: wait their temperature by forty degrees. You know, we if
• 1:24:04
  Speaker 1: we are four degrees, we have to go to the hospital.
• 1:24:07
  Speaker 1: M and so imagine just being able to drop your
• 1:24:10
  Speaker 1: temperature by forty degrees. They do They do that to
• 1:24:14
  Speaker 1: save energy. Well, I mean, yeah, yeah, I mean if
• 1:24:19
  Speaker 1: you can go into a short term torpor, you don't
• 1:24:23
  Speaker 1: need eat as much. And so that's why birds can
• 1:24:26
  Speaker 1: sit on the wire and watch cows just eat all
• 1:24:29
  Speaker 1: day long, right, and they're like, what's wrong with those cows?
• 1:24:35
  Speaker 1: Would they drop their temperature their internal body temperature when
• 1:24:39
  Speaker 1: the sun is out in order to Yeah? Use So okay,
• 1:24:44
  Speaker 1: it's just like just opportunistic, just like turning your your
• 1:24:49
  Speaker 1: therometer down. Interesting, So translate this for me with uh,
• 1:24:56
  Speaker 1: because you're using diurnal nocturnal. So go back to my
• 1:25:01
  Speaker 1: hypothetical hunting trip where I'm just like glassing good dinosaur.
• 1:25:07
  Speaker 1: Am I seeing evidence at that time? Am I seeing
• 1:25:10
  Speaker 1: evidence of like, Oh, there's a species that's that seems
• 1:25:14
  Speaker 1: to be nocturnal, that one seems to be diurnal, there's
• 1:25:17
  Speaker 1: a crepuscular one that hunts in low light or is
• 1:25:20
  Speaker 1: it like dead at night and in the daytime everybody's out. Yeah,
• 1:25:24
  Speaker 1: I'm mostly like that. There there may have been some
• 1:25:27
  Speaker 1: dinosaurs that could hunt, you know, near dust or you're dawn.
• 1:25:32
  Speaker 1: I mean, they're they're probably worth something, but for the
• 1:25:36
  Speaker 1: most part they were diurnal. Hmm. And the mammals at
• 1:25:41
  Speaker 1: the time were nocturnal. So the you know, the all
• 1:25:44
  Speaker 1: little fuzzy mammals that lived at the same time as dinosaurs,
• 1:25:48
  Speaker 1: they were out at night hunting for insects or whatever,
• 1:25:51
  Speaker 1: and that's how they keep safe. Well, that's that's what
• 1:25:55
  Speaker 1: I would certainly do to keep safe. Big old dinosaur
• 1:26:00
  Speaker 1: walk a him not too long ago. And I even
• 1:26:13
  Speaker 1: seen your name get rolled into this a little bit
• 1:26:15
  Speaker 1: not too long ago. A guy maybe in the Dakota
• 1:26:19
  Speaker 1: Is I can't remember his name. A guy came out
• 1:26:22
  Speaker 1: and there was a lot of hooplah and he had said, Hey,
• 1:26:26
  Speaker 1: I found evidence from not only the day that all
• 1:26:30
  Speaker 1: the dinosaurs died from that big asteroid collision off the
• 1:26:35
  Speaker 1: uk tam Penizula Mexico. I found it from the seconds
• 1:26:39
  Speaker 1: that that happened. Well that's controversial. Can you explain this
• 1:26:46
  Speaker 1: to people? Though? Well, you know, like what he found
• 1:26:50
  Speaker 1: according so according to the to that hypothesis, which is
• 1:26:54
  Speaker 1: pretty cool, and I have to say it. For many years,
• 1:26:57
  Speaker 1: I I didn't think they had enough evidence for it,
• 1:27:01
  Speaker 1: But I think they do now for the for the
• 1:27:04
  Speaker 1: impact of a meteor or whatever it was, huh that
• 1:27:09
  Speaker 1: hit the Yucatan Peninsula, and I think they have very
• 1:27:11
  Speaker 1: good evidence for it now and I would agree with it.
• 1:27:14
  Speaker 1: But if you can imagine, I mean, this gigantic thing
• 1:27:18
  Speaker 1: hits the Yucatan, and and you know the devastation. First off,
• 1:27:24
  Speaker 1: the think of the tidal wave, right, I mean it
• 1:27:29
  Speaker 1: hits hits water basically, and what was it circumference? I'm sorry,
• 1:27:35
  Speaker 1: it's whatever I think there. You know, it varies anywhere
• 1:27:38
  Speaker 1: from two miles to you know, ten miles okay, because yeah,
• 1:27:42
  Speaker 1: i'd heard eight miles eight mile wide rock and and
• 1:27:48
  Speaker 1: and so you know, it creates uh nine on the
• 1:27:53
  Speaker 1: Richter scale earthquakes basically worldwide. It it throws trees and
• 1:28:01
  Speaker 1: dinosaurs and water and dirt and everything into literally into
• 1:28:05
  Speaker 1: the stratosphere, I mean basically into orbit for a while.
• 1:28:09
  Speaker 1: You've heard the theory about there being dinosaur bones on
• 1:28:11
  Speaker 1: the Moon. No, I haven't heard that. It's it's about
• 1:28:17
  Speaker 1: it was in a book I read about how that's
• 1:28:19
  Speaker 1: how I blast. It put a vacuum in the atmosphere
• 1:28:24
  Speaker 1: for like seconds where it just sent shrapnel into outer space,
• 1:28:28
  Speaker 1: and based on rocks that they had found on the Moon,
• 1:28:30
  Speaker 1: they could hypologize that there would be dinosaur bones that
• 1:28:33
  Speaker 1: alternated there. I believe anything. I wasn't visioning more of
• 1:28:37
  Speaker 1: a hypothesis based around using like a porta pot. No,
• 1:28:42
  Speaker 1: we're a little splashback put it on the moon. I
• 1:28:46
  Speaker 1: picture of t Rex just still floating around them there somewhere. Well,
• 1:28:52
  Speaker 1: there has been dinosaur bones in space, miasaurra bones, baby
• 1:28:57
  Speaker 1: those baby dinosaur some of those baby be dinosaur bones
• 1:29:01
  Speaker 1: that that we found in showed were taken up on
• 1:29:05
  Speaker 1: the on one of the shuttles one time, just so
• 1:29:07
  Speaker 1: we could say that baby dinot that bones that din
• 1:29:09
  Speaker 1: dinosaurs have been in space. That warranted the expenditure of money.
• 1:29:16
  Speaker 1: Somebody just took it. One of the astronauts just took
• 1:29:18
  Speaker 1: up with him just just it was. But what's his name?
• 1:29:24
  Speaker 1: The astronaut that works at M s U. No, so
• 1:29:28
  Speaker 1: I can't. I can only name I can only name
• 1:29:31
  Speaker 1: a hand anyway, he in a similar vein, I did
• 1:29:36
  Speaker 1: a story of years ago on freeze dried food, like
• 1:29:38
  Speaker 1: explaining all about freeze dried food, the history, how it's
• 1:29:40
  Speaker 1: made and all that, and I learned unsettling truths. No
• 1:29:44
  Speaker 1: astronaut has ever eaten space ice cream and space Okay,
• 1:29:49
  Speaker 1: it went up. They didn't touch it so good, they
• 1:29:54
  Speaker 1: don't need it. Why just wasn't appealing to him? They
• 1:29:58
  Speaker 1: think that they they think that they brought some up.
• 1:30:00
  Speaker 1: It was never consumed and space ice cream has yet
• 1:30:03
  Speaker 1: to be eaten in space. A shrimp cocktail has. So
• 1:30:08
  Speaker 1: what's the new evidence that supports I we should get
• 1:30:11
  Speaker 1: back to the make everything die well. I want to
• 1:30:17
  Speaker 1: hear more about how bad it was that day. It was.
• 1:30:20
  Speaker 1: It was a bad day. I can tell you it
• 1:30:22
  Speaker 1: was a bad whop the earth off. It's uh no,
• 1:30:26
  Speaker 1: I don't think so, no, no, but it but the
• 1:30:30
  Speaker 1: title wave would have would have washed over most of
• 1:30:34
  Speaker 1: the United States, all the way up into Illinois really
• 1:30:38
  Speaker 1: and at the time there was a you know, part
• 1:30:41
  Speaker 1: of a seaway that kind of went up almost Montana.
• 1:30:47
  Speaker 1: And that's my and that that tidal wave is what
• 1:30:52
  Speaker 1: this guy is saying is has has washed a bunch
• 1:30:56
  Speaker 1: of stuff into this area in North Dakota, South Dakota
• 1:31:00
  Speaker 1: wherever it is. And and then it is a result
• 1:31:03
  Speaker 1: of the tidal wave, like it was the the like
• 1:31:07
  Speaker 1: depository end of the tidle wave created this great collection
• 1:31:11
  Speaker 1: a junk, right exactly? Do they also think volcanoes were
• 1:31:14
  Speaker 1: setting off like and that was on the opposite side
• 1:31:18
  Speaker 1: of the world. So India there was a there were
• 1:31:22
  Speaker 1: there's a big vulcanism event that seems to coincide with
• 1:31:28
  Speaker 1: with you know, about the same time. So like that
• 1:31:32
  Speaker 1: thing cold cock the earth so hard that it caused
• 1:31:35
  Speaker 1: volcanoes on the other side of the Yes, damn, that's
• 1:31:39
  Speaker 1: a hit. So there was you know, there was, There
• 1:31:43
  Speaker 1: would have been. It's like me hit paints. There would
• 1:31:47
  Speaker 1: have been wildfires all over. I mean it just it
• 1:31:50
  Speaker 1: would have. It would have been pretty devastating and then
• 1:31:53
  Speaker 1: blocked out the sun all the off the sun created
• 1:31:56
  Speaker 1: like a nuclear winter, killed off the plants, killed off
• 1:31:59
  Speaker 1: the ant eaters, and apparently the meat eaters as well.
• 1:32:04
  Speaker 1: And and what we don't understand is why the birds survived.
• 1:32:08
  Speaker 1: Did you not buy it because it was too tidy,
• 1:32:11
  Speaker 1: it was too convenient? Well, it's the birds. I'm still
• 1:32:15
  Speaker 1: a little concerned about how how you know, birds are
• 1:32:19
  Speaker 1: are pretty fragile in the ecosystem, and I just like, why,
• 1:32:23
  Speaker 1: why how did they manage to survive? I don't I
• 1:32:27
  Speaker 1: don't quite figure out where they could be to survive,
• 1:32:31
  Speaker 1: because you know, they have to eat the same old
• 1:32:34
  Speaker 1: things that everyone else is. Even maybe they had, but
• 1:32:39
  Speaker 1: you know, they're they're nocturnal, they can they probably hibernating anyway,
• 1:32:43
  Speaker 1: So I don't know, it's just you know, it's an
• 1:32:48
  Speaker 1: interesting story. Um, I actually really don't care what killed
• 1:32:52
  Speaker 1: the dinosaurs. Well, let me let me invite you to
• 1:32:54
  Speaker 1: care for a minute. Give me another plausible, Give me
• 1:32:59
  Speaker 1: another plausible. Well, you know, theory B there the only
• 1:33:05
  Speaker 1: theory B is that. I mean, it's not very good.
• 1:33:09
  Speaker 1: It's environmental. You know, it's basically um an environmental change
• 1:33:14
  Speaker 1: where where where the seaways retract off of the continents
• 1:33:21
  Speaker 1: that had been there most of the time, which changes
• 1:33:25
  Speaker 1: the the the climates and changes you know, air passages
• 1:33:32
  Speaker 1: and all sort of. I mean, it just basically a
• 1:33:36
  Speaker 1: pretty rapid change in the climate, which in many cases
• 1:33:42
  Speaker 1: it could do sort of a similar thing. But you
• 1:33:44
  Speaker 1: would still expect some of the dinosaurs to have made
• 1:33:47
  Speaker 1: it through that, and they didn't. So when you say
• 1:33:53
  Speaker 1: that you don't But meteor theory makes more sense. But
• 1:33:57
  Speaker 1: when you say you don't care what happened to him,
• 1:33:59
  Speaker 1: how can you afford not to care what happened to him?
• 1:34:03
  Speaker 1: That's like the burning deal, right, Well, not for me,
• 1:34:06
  Speaker 1: it isn't. What is the burning deal for you? Well,
• 1:34:08
  Speaker 1: I'm just I'm curious to know how they were so
• 1:34:11
  Speaker 1: successful for a hundred and fifty five million years. People
• 1:34:15
  Speaker 1: are focusing on the wrong thing. I think so. Yeah.
• 1:34:17
  Speaker 1: I think with like the asteroid thing, people who sight
• 1:34:20
  Speaker 1: of that, we're closer in time to t Rex than
• 1:34:23
  Speaker 1: t Rex was to like Stegasaurus. And so what people
• 1:34:26
  Speaker 1: are missing with the asteroid thing is it's not like
• 1:34:28
  Speaker 1: every dinosaur died that day or that week or that month.
• 1:34:31
  Speaker 1: By the time t Rex came around, stegas ours fossils
• 1:34:34
  Speaker 1: had been in the ground for eighty million years. A good.
• 1:34:38
  Speaker 1: That's a good. I like that one. They had like
• 1:34:40
  Speaker 1: an insane run. Humans will never approach what they accomplished,
• 1:34:44
  Speaker 1: and we'll never approach what Neandertalk accomplished now. And people
• 1:34:48
  Speaker 1: think about the asteroid like it doesn't give them credit,
• 1:34:51
  Speaker 1: like they just died in one day and they just
• 1:34:52
  Speaker 1: like blinked out. But they had been around forever. That's
• 1:34:54
  Speaker 1: interesting that we're as separate, we're as separated from were closer.
• 1:34:59
  Speaker 1: We're clo sort of t Rex is t Rex was
• 1:35:01
  Speaker 1: to the stegosaurs. I got those two lumped together like
• 1:35:04
  Speaker 1: they had lunch together. Yeah, And that's why I think
• 1:35:07
  Speaker 1: like people would really appreciate they would have like a
• 1:35:10
  Speaker 1: sixth grade level of appreciation if they realize that that
• 1:35:13
  Speaker 1: they had quite a run. Yeah, so you know their
• 1:35:18
  Speaker 1: success is pretty interesting. You had said, how you you
• 1:35:22
  Speaker 1: don't particularly care about how they died off? Um, And
• 1:35:25
  Speaker 1: I imagine that there's some differences in paleontology when it
• 1:35:27
  Speaker 1: comes to like different cultures or different countries. And I
• 1:35:31
  Speaker 1: remember recently that like it was a big deal when
• 1:35:34
  Speaker 1: Canada and I think China agreed to let each other
• 1:35:37
  Speaker 1: look at what fossils they had or something like that.
• 1:35:40
  Speaker 1: So how how is that like different between like I
• 1:35:43
  Speaker 1: assume what Japan cares about in Canada cares about, or
• 1:35:45
  Speaker 1: what Australia cares about and France cares about you mean
• 1:35:48
  Speaker 1: paleonto logically with dinosaurs. Yes, you know, it's it really,
• 1:35:53
  Speaker 1: it's not my country. Really, it's my researcher. I mean,
• 1:35:57
  Speaker 1: you know, I I studied dinosaur behavior. You're in dinosaur growth,
• 1:36:02
  Speaker 1: and my colleague and in Canada studies. You know, he
• 1:36:06
  Speaker 1: likes to find new species, and you know, other people
• 1:36:11
  Speaker 1: like other things. So you know, there's not not really
• 1:36:15
  Speaker 1: any competition between us because there's lots of stuff I
• 1:36:19
  Speaker 1: can't have to apologists. On the other hand, you know,
• 1:36:22
  Speaker 1: where there's just a few human fossils, they they tend
• 1:36:27
  Speaker 1: to duke it out there. They really duke it out
• 1:36:29
  Speaker 1: because there's more researchers than there are fossils. I imagine,
• 1:36:36
  Speaker 1: though you had to really burn some some folks as
• 1:36:41
  Speaker 1: conclusions when you determined that new species is in fact
• 1:36:46
  Speaker 1: not a new species but a juvenile of a known species.
• 1:36:50
  Speaker 1: You know, there's a few people that were irritated by that,
• 1:36:53
  Speaker 1: I imagine, especially because talk to that a little bit.
• 1:37:01
  Speaker 1: Well just you know, it goes back to the paper
• 1:37:04
  Speaker 1: that was published in you know this this guy named
• 1:37:08
  Speaker 1: Peter Dotson had had published this, and then people after
• 1:37:12
  Speaker 1: that sort of forgot about it and forgot that, you know,
• 1:37:17
  Speaker 1: sort of put that in the back of their mind,
• 1:37:19
  Speaker 1: that that dinosaurs changed the way they looked through through
• 1:37:23
  Speaker 1: their growth, just like mammals do. I mean, baby dinosaurs
• 1:37:28
  Speaker 1: were probably really cute, you know, and and it's kind
• 1:37:32
  Speaker 1: of that, you know, it's a releasing mechanism, just like
• 1:37:36
  Speaker 1: with us. We we will care for our kids as
• 1:37:38
  Speaker 1: long as they're adorable looking. Right as soon as they
• 1:37:42
  Speaker 1: reach eighteen, out the door, they go all right, they
• 1:37:45
  Speaker 1: have to go get a job. But dinosaurs sort of
• 1:37:49
  Speaker 1: do the same thing. So they retain their juvenile characteristics
• 1:37:53
  Speaker 1: and then and then go through this pretty rapid change
• 1:37:58
  Speaker 1: and take on their characteristics. And so again hardly anyone
• 1:38:05
  Speaker 1: wrote about that, and so it was it was fodder
• 1:38:08
  Speaker 1: for the dyslexic guy to uh, you know, bring that
• 1:38:13
  Speaker 1: up again and start sinking all these species that you know,
• 1:38:19
  Speaker 1: people had named without thinking about whether they were juveniles
• 1:38:23
  Speaker 1: or not. Be like analogous to if you in some
• 1:38:27
  Speaker 1: future where there's no humans and someone went and excavated
• 1:38:31
  Speaker 1: a household, and like, there's three kinds of people. There's
• 1:38:34
  Speaker 1: three species. Ye, these little teacy ones and a medium
• 1:38:39
  Speaker 1: one and a big one. Because their face looks different, right,
• 1:38:43
  Speaker 1: very different. Those those people that name those dinosaurs. Are
• 1:38:48
  Speaker 1: they they look at what you found and they're like bullshit?
• 1:38:51
  Speaker 1: Or are they like yeah, he's right. Uh, they're they're
• 1:38:54
  Speaker 1: a little of both. So there's some some buy into it,
• 1:38:59
  Speaker 1: some don't. How many dinosaurs are at a certain time,
• 1:39:05
  Speaker 1: How many dinosaurs were there as kind of the main groups,
• 1:39:08
  Speaker 1: and then after more of your work and publishing, how
• 1:39:11
  Speaker 1: many went away? Um, well that's yeah, it's it's hard
• 1:39:17
  Speaker 1: to say. The Health Creek formation, which is the basically
• 1:39:21
  Speaker 1: where t Rex comes from, and Trice Sarrah Toops in
• 1:39:24
  Speaker 1: eastern Montana. There were twelve major dinosaurs. I mean there
• 1:39:28
  Speaker 1: were more than that, but twelve that we find quite
• 1:39:32
  Speaker 1: a bit, and I think I took away four of them,
• 1:39:38
  Speaker 1: five of them, you know, So I don't know, but
• 1:39:43
  Speaker 1: you know we're still arguing about some of those. Jack
• 1:39:46
  Speaker 1: the Ripper would be, you know, a college class. I
• 1:39:53
  Speaker 1: tell you he's an anthropology class. The first day, the
• 1:39:55
  Speaker 1: professor was like, now when I tell you all the
• 1:39:57
  Speaker 1: things that you think you know about what we do
• 1:40:00
  Speaker 1: but aren't true, Like we're not all Indiana Jones and
• 1:40:03
  Speaker 1: we're not all looking at dinosaurs stuff. And he had
• 1:40:06
  Speaker 1: said something that stuck with me. He was like, you
• 1:40:09
  Speaker 1: don't go out looking for Noah's Ark and then find
• 1:40:12
  Speaker 1: Noah's ark. You got looking for Noah's Ark and then
• 1:40:13
  Speaker 1: you find the Holy Grail or like, uh, whoever discovers
• 1:40:17
  Speaker 1: Bigfoot someday, if if he's real, it's not gonna be
• 1:40:20
  Speaker 1: a guy on animal planet looking for Bigfoot. It's gonna
• 1:40:22
  Speaker 1: be like some rancher in Texas that found one stuck
• 1:40:25
  Speaker 1: in his fence because he's looking for he's looking for
• 1:40:27
  Speaker 1: a lost cow. So what's what's an example like in
• 1:40:30
  Speaker 1: your field of work where people are looking for A,
• 1:40:32
  Speaker 1: but they found B and B was really cool. Yeah. No,
• 1:40:36
  Speaker 1: we don't. We paleontolo just don't really go out looking
• 1:40:39
  Speaker 1: for anything. We we just hope that that our mind
• 1:40:43
  Speaker 1: is open enough then that we're observing enough to find
• 1:40:47
  Speaker 1: anything cool or anything new. I mean, you just you can't.
• 1:40:52
  Speaker 1: There's fossils are so rare, I mean, you know, interesting
• 1:40:59
  Speaker 1: fossils that are that are going to give us information,
• 1:41:02
  Speaker 1: new information are so rare that you just can't expect
• 1:41:06
  Speaker 1: to go out and find whatever you want. I mean,
• 1:41:09
  Speaker 1: I I I put together this thing called the Health
• 1:41:14
  Speaker 1: Creek Project back in I guess, and it was the
• 1:41:19
  Speaker 1: largest paleontological expedition in history worldwide. I mean we had
• 1:41:25
  Speaker 1: a hundred people, we had we had all these donors
• 1:41:29
  Speaker 1: um um putting money into it. And the idea was,
• 1:41:34
  Speaker 1: you know, we were we were trying to figure out
• 1:41:39
  Speaker 1: how much information we could actually get from one of
• 1:41:42
  Speaker 1: these ecosystems. And the Health Creek formation has produced so
• 1:41:46
  Speaker 1: much stuff for so long. But you know, people had
• 1:41:50
  Speaker 1: thirty triceratops skulls and they were trying to sort out
• 1:41:55
  Speaker 1: you know, dinosaur Triceratops growth, for example. But in all
• 1:42:00
  Speaker 1: of the Triceratops skulls that have been found, none of
• 1:42:03
  Speaker 1: them were juveniles. All right. Museums had gone out and
• 1:42:09
  Speaker 1: selectively collected the biggest ones because every museum wanted a
• 1:42:13
  Speaker 1: big thing in their museum, and so in the end
• 1:42:16
  Speaker 1: they ended up with none, none of the little ones.
• 1:42:19
  Speaker 1: And so our project really was to collect everything. And
• 1:42:24
  Speaker 1: we went out and collected just enormous collections of stuff.
• 1:42:28
  Speaker 1: I was hoping we would find a bunch of duckbill
• 1:42:31
  Speaker 1: dinosaurs because that was what I was interested in studying,
• 1:42:34
  Speaker 1: and and we hardly found any, but we found a
• 1:42:39
  Speaker 1: bunch of those damp t rexes. And and so now
• 1:42:42
  Speaker 1: the Museum of the Rockies has the largest t rex
• 1:42:45
  Speaker 1: collection in the world. Right, So I ended up studying
• 1:42:48
  Speaker 1: t rex, which was not my favorite, but it's what
• 1:42:52
  Speaker 1: we found, you know, And that's that's basically how the
• 1:42:56
  Speaker 1: science works. You just you know, I went out to
• 1:42:59
  Speaker 1: find up bills and found t rexs and triceratops. We
• 1:43:03
  Speaker 1: found a hundred specimens of t of triceratops. So we
• 1:43:08
  Speaker 1: learned an awful lot about triceratopsatos that preserve well well
• 1:43:14
  Speaker 1: it yeah, so well, it looks like they're skulls preserved
• 1:43:20
  Speaker 1: pretty well, because almost all the specimens we have are
• 1:43:23
  Speaker 1: just skulls and very few skeletons. But we realized when
• 1:43:27
  Speaker 1: we were actually excavating them that, you know, the skull
• 1:43:31
  Speaker 1: is gigantic and and it's easy to find and and
• 1:43:36
  Speaker 1: the leg bones could be scattered around by water, right,
• 1:43:42
  Speaker 1: And so we realized late in this project that if
• 1:43:47
  Speaker 1: we made our excavation a lot bigger, we probably would
• 1:43:51
  Speaker 1: have found the skeletons of these things. But we pretty
• 1:43:57
  Speaker 1: much after we dug up the skull, we were like,
• 1:43:59
  Speaker 1: let's go find another one. I can understand that. How
• 1:44:04
  Speaker 1: do you find them? You just find pieces sticking out
• 1:44:07
  Speaker 1: of the ground. Most of eastern Montana is the Right
• 1:44:12
  Speaker 1: Age rock, So you just have to find a place
• 1:44:15
  Speaker 1: where rivers have cut through. So wherever the Missouri River
• 1:44:18
  Speaker 1: is cut through, there's brakes, and those brakes are you know,
• 1:44:23
  Speaker 1: form bad lands, and so those are good places because
• 1:44:27
  Speaker 1: the rock is exposed there. But if you're up on
• 1:44:29
  Speaker 1: top of the hills, that's the Right Age rock is
• 1:44:31
  Speaker 1: still there. It's just covered with soil and usually somebody's
• 1:44:34
  Speaker 1: wheat field and they don't like you digging in those.
• 1:44:37
  Speaker 1: Is there like one thing that you can like, is
• 1:44:39
  Speaker 1: there is there's like one certain thing you're like that
• 1:44:42
  Speaker 1: is a dinosaur bone? Because of this thing, like I
• 1:44:46
  Speaker 1: I spent a lot of time out in like the
• 1:44:48
  Speaker 1: brakes hell break formation, and I'm like looking at stuff
• 1:44:51
  Speaker 1: all day long and I have no clue what it is. Like,
• 1:44:54
  Speaker 1: is there one thing that's like they look like bones?
• 1:44:58
  Speaker 1: They do? Yeah, if you find one I found, I'll
• 1:45:04
  Speaker 1: bet you have found. I'll bet you found a lot
• 1:45:07
  Speaker 1: of them. Yeah, I found stuff looks like I'm like,
• 1:45:09
  Speaker 1: that looks like a piece about just a big bone,
• 1:45:12
  Speaker 1: but I don't know it. Well, they're they're both actually
• 1:45:16
  Speaker 1: can you explain bracuolitescul vaculites. They're full of them there
• 1:45:25
  Speaker 1: everywhere out there there they are, uh, an animal related
• 1:45:31
  Speaker 1: to squid and octopus. So it's a mollusk and and
• 1:45:37
  Speaker 1: what you're what you're finding is the shell. So have
• 1:45:41
  Speaker 1: you ever seen a nautilus? The shell nautilus? That's that's
• 1:45:45
  Speaker 1: what they're closely related to, Like a cone, ice cream
• 1:45:49
  Speaker 1: cone on the back and a squid coming out the
• 1:45:50
  Speaker 1: front right exactly, And so you're finding the shell and
• 1:45:56
  Speaker 1: and they were prolific in the in the Intercontinental Seaway
• 1:46:02
  Speaker 1: that that is now Black Shale in Montana. Uh. My
• 1:46:08
  Speaker 1: sister in law's father has one of those. He picked
• 1:46:12
  Speaker 1: up decades ago. I was sitting on a shelf and
• 1:46:16
  Speaker 1: I was like, the hell's that? And he's like, you know,
• 1:46:18
  Speaker 1: I've never been able to find out Yeah, of it.
• 1:46:22
  Speaker 1: Put it on Instagram. Uh. He like works horses and stuff.
• 1:46:26
  Speaker 1: He doesn't pay much attention to uh, a lot of
• 1:46:30
  Speaker 1: phones and whatnot. But I put it on Instagram and
• 1:46:31
  Speaker 1: like thirty seconds later, I was like, that's a what's
• 1:46:34
  Speaker 1: the word? Back? Then I went to I typed into
• 1:46:38
  Speaker 1: Google back of Light and hit like images and there's
• 1:46:42
  Speaker 1: like shiploads of these things he has. The next day
• 1:46:46
  Speaker 1: he calls me, he's like, what was that was that? Google?
• 1:46:54
  Speaker 1: Because he was with the show. Well, a lot of
• 1:47:00
  Speaker 1: people call me and when I was working at the
• 1:47:02
  Speaker 1: museum and say I found a rattlesnake, fossil rattlesnake, and
• 1:47:05
  Speaker 1: that's usually what they were marbaculites. Uh. My kids recently
• 1:47:13
  Speaker 1: found it was got staggering. Actually, they recently found a
• 1:47:17
  Speaker 1: giant fossilized clam bed where I can show you, well,
• 1:47:24
  Speaker 1: I mean in the in the in this state, in
• 1:47:27
  Speaker 1: this state of the state, there are probably a lot
• 1:47:31
  Speaker 1: of those. When were the like I found those before
• 1:47:34
  Speaker 1: me full yeah, like like like a layers stick broad
• 1:47:40
  Speaker 1: clam bed. All right, Well, if you tell me the area,
• 1:47:43
  Speaker 1: I can tell you what formation they're in and and
• 1:47:46
  Speaker 1: how old they are. I'll show you exactly later. But
• 1:47:50
  Speaker 1: we're off, we're off to something when we ran into.
• 1:47:53
  Speaker 1: Just just give me a general life I found. Give
• 1:47:56
  Speaker 1: me the county. I found him along the Missouri River.
• 1:47:58
  Speaker 1: You go, yeah, well in the brakes, right, So that's
• 1:48:04
  Speaker 1: that that is most likely that same same shell shelle
• 1:48:11
  Speaker 1: that the that the baculates come out of. And we're
• 1:48:14
  Speaker 1: those clams walking around or like doing whatever they do
• 1:48:16
  Speaker 1: where they like siphoning at the time of dinosaurs. Really
• 1:48:22
  Speaker 1: and some of them are big, I mean there are
• 1:48:24
  Speaker 1: there are. It's there's a clam called I know seramus
• 1:48:27
  Speaker 1: that you know it's like the size of that wall
• 1:48:31
  Speaker 1: a clam. Yeah. Way back when Steve and I were
• 1:48:35
  Speaker 1: taking a couple of l a comedians out on a
• 1:48:38
  Speaker 1: mule there counting Missouri brakes, and I stopped and uh
• 1:48:44
  Speaker 1: bent over and picked up a fossilized clam, showed it
• 1:48:48
  Speaker 1: to counter. I said, hey, check that out. He said yeah.
• 1:48:53
  Speaker 1: So I said, well, it's a fossilized clam. It's a
• 1:48:57
  Speaker 1: fossil and he said yeah. So I put it back
• 1:49:02
  Speaker 1: down and kept walking. How if you look at kids books,
• 1:49:11
  Speaker 1: kids books about dinosaurs, of which we have more than
• 1:49:14
  Speaker 1: a few, um, the dinosaur, the more recent the book is,
• 1:49:19
  Speaker 1: the more colorful the dinosaurs are, and the old books.
• 1:49:23
  Speaker 1: When I was a boy, they were all green, army green.
• 1:49:26
  Speaker 1: All your dinosaurs were army green. Now they're like, holy
• 1:49:29
  Speaker 1: sh it, they look like parrots. Wow, where's that coming from? Well,
• 1:49:33
  Speaker 1: I help, A lot of it's coming from me. Okay, well,
• 1:49:38
  Speaker 1: like what because the fossils aren't read no, so, so
• 1:49:44
  Speaker 1: like I'm saying, how like, how do we deter walk
• 1:49:47
  Speaker 1: me through the idea that they were brilliantly colored alright,
• 1:49:50
  Speaker 1: and not army green? Okay, well, battleship gray, which is
• 1:49:54
  Speaker 1: what you have to admit they used to be. And
• 1:49:57
  Speaker 1: they are in Jurassic Park. Oh, their battleship gray. They're
• 1:50:00
  Speaker 1: you know, they're not very colorful and Jurassic Park. And
• 1:50:05
  Speaker 1: I pointed that out to Stephen, and he says, well,
• 1:50:08
  Speaker 1: he said technicolor dinosaurs aren't scary enough. He thought they'd
• 1:50:12
  Speaker 1: be more scary and battleship gray. Dude, If if something
• 1:50:17
  Speaker 1: to me, if if something the color of a thirty
• 1:50:24
  Speaker 1: ft long or whatever ran up to me, I don't
• 1:50:26
  Speaker 1: that that's plenty. Yeah. Well, so the idea is that
• 1:50:34
  Speaker 1: we know now that dinosaurs were feathered, at least the
• 1:50:37
  Speaker 1: mediating dinosaurs were feathered. We actually have the impression of
• 1:50:41
  Speaker 1: the feathers. We find the impression of feathers on dinosaurs,
• 1:50:45
  Speaker 1: meat eating dinosaurs. We don't know about t rex yet,
• 1:50:49
  Speaker 1: but but some of the bigger dinosaurs, some of the
• 1:50:54
  Speaker 1: bigger meeting dinosaurs were completely feathered and kick and and
• 1:51:04
  Speaker 1: you know, they gave rise to birds, and birds got
• 1:51:07
  Speaker 1: their vivid coloration from their ancestors, and dinosaurs are their ancestors.
• 1:51:12
  Speaker 1: So that's the that's the sort of the logic there.
• 1:51:16
  Speaker 1: The birds are bright, birds have eridescence. I'll have to
• 1:51:20
  Speaker 1: show you my n f T S. Did you look
• 1:51:22
  Speaker 1: up my n F T S? Did? I thought there
• 1:51:27
  Speaker 1: was I want to say France, which shouldn't be a
• 1:51:31
  Speaker 1: catch all, but maybe it is for fossils. But I
• 1:51:33
  Speaker 1: want to say that they were able to like isolate
• 1:51:36
  Speaker 1: a pigment in fossil and they determined it to be
• 1:51:41
  Speaker 1: or purple. We're starting to get the melanosomes out of
• 1:51:45
  Speaker 1: dinosaur feathers and we are determining some of the colors
• 1:51:49
  Speaker 1: and they are vivid because there are eridescence. Yeah, there
• 1:51:56
  Speaker 1: are feather fossils. Correct, but it's an in print or yeah,
• 1:52:02
  Speaker 1: that's their imprints of the feathers, right, But you can
• 1:52:06
  Speaker 1: I mean it's just like just like your image. I mean,
• 1:52:09
  Speaker 1: they're you know, the feathers are feathers. I mean there
• 1:52:13
  Speaker 1: you can tell. You can look at the veins, you
• 1:52:15
  Speaker 1: can look at all sorts of things, and you can
• 1:52:16
  Speaker 1: find the melano sums in them. Hold off, I want
• 1:52:19
  Speaker 1: to look at the n f T bat I got.
• 1:52:21
  Speaker 1: Then we'll get into the n f T situation. I
• 1:52:23
  Speaker 1: want to see what you think they looked like. But
• 1:52:24
  Speaker 1: I first, I got I got a time machine question.
• 1:52:27
  Speaker 1: No one's ever hit you with the time machine question.
• 1:52:31
  Speaker 1: You get one time machine token. Okay, okay, all right.
• 1:52:34
  Speaker 1: It's like for an hour long you get an hour
• 1:52:37
  Speaker 1: long day long visit where are you setting years for?
• 1:52:41
  Speaker 1: You get to spend one day like, give me location
• 1:52:45
  Speaker 1: in like time and and why that? Mm hmm. Well, two,
• 1:52:59
  Speaker 1: you want to to see me being born? It was
• 1:53:03
  Speaker 1: a it was a it was a I had a girlfriend. Then, okay,
• 1:53:09
  Speaker 1: in your professionalsional professionally, in a professional capacity, you know,
• 1:53:19
  Speaker 1: I've I've thought about this a lot. First off, you know,
• 1:53:23
  Speaker 1: there's a huge problem with time machines. I won't go
• 1:53:27
  Speaker 1: into that. You know, it's it's a terrible thing. You
• 1:53:31
  Speaker 1: you know, time machines pretty much have to orbit the
• 1:53:33
  Speaker 1: earth otherwise you're in trouble when you go back in time.
• 1:53:38
  Speaker 1: But that aside with you that aside um. You know,
• 1:53:44
  Speaker 1: I just have this terrible feeling that you know, basically
• 1:53:47
  Speaker 1: anytime you pick to go back, you know something's gonna
• 1:53:51
  Speaker 1: eat you just as soon as you open the door,
• 1:53:54
  Speaker 1: right and so so, you know, have of all the
• 1:54:00
  Speaker 1: things i'd like to see, I guess my saur I
• 1:54:04
  Speaker 1: would like to see. You know, the first dinosaur I named,
• 1:54:08
  Speaker 1: and I don't I don't know what that one. What's
• 1:54:11
  Speaker 1: his gonnosaura? It's a duck bill dinosaur. You don't want
• 1:54:14
  Speaker 1: to go back in time and see a duck bill dinosaur. Ye,
• 1:54:16
  Speaker 1: that's because because then you know it's first off, it's
• 1:54:21
  Speaker 1: a friendly dinosaur, right, I mean, it's not gonna eat me,
• 1:54:25
  Speaker 1: and so you know, I might be able to do
• 1:54:26
  Speaker 1: some some pretty cool research with it and actually determined
• 1:54:29
  Speaker 1: what it's blood temperature is and and and and look
• 1:54:34
  Speaker 1: at its behavior and get something about its growth. You know,
• 1:54:39
  Speaker 1: you go back with the little meat eaters and they're
• 1:54:42
  Speaker 1: just gonna eat you, and you know that you're not
• 1:54:45
  Speaker 1: gonna tell your story. So that would you go back
• 1:54:48
  Speaker 1: to that showdow area, yep? Would you bring knee high
• 1:54:52
  Speaker 1: boots or not necessary? Nope, things canna be high and dry.
• 1:54:58
  Speaker 1: What would the temperature be, Well, it was probably you know,
• 1:55:06
  Speaker 1: depends on whether it's winter or summer. Right, there's like
• 1:55:09
  Speaker 1: defined seasons back then, especially at that at that you
• 1:55:15
  Speaker 1: know that that latitude, I mean it's a relatively high latitude.
• 1:55:20
  Speaker 1: Even then, give me the hottest day of the year,
• 1:55:23
  Speaker 1: probably not as hot as it is now. It would
• 1:55:28
  Speaker 1: have the temperatures would have been you know, the lower
• 1:55:30
  Speaker 1: temperatures would have been higher and the higher temperatures would
• 1:55:33
  Speaker 1: have been lower. So it has been but probably you know,
• 1:55:38
  Speaker 1: still in the seventies, eighties, but not in the hundreds.
• 1:55:42
  Speaker 1: I just envisioned everything being hot and steak. Well, it
• 1:55:47
  Speaker 1: would be sticky for sure because of the inland seaway.
• 1:55:52
  Speaker 1: So all of that, you know, all the moisture that
• 1:55:54
  Speaker 1: builds up in the Gulf of Mexico, it was pumped
• 1:55:56
  Speaker 1: really north all the way into the Arctic. So we
• 1:55:59
  Speaker 1: get alliators and crocodiles living in Alberta. M hmm. We're
• 1:56:04
  Speaker 1: dinosaurs have an offspring in the spring of the year.
• 1:56:07
  Speaker 1: We don't know, but that's most likely. I mean that's
• 1:56:13
  Speaker 1: when most animals do, so they would have there would
• 1:56:16
  Speaker 1: have been like a hatching season or breeding season, you
• 1:56:19
  Speaker 1: know how you might know the term for This is
• 1:56:21
  Speaker 1: my last question before we talk about the n f
• 1:56:23
  Speaker 1: your your n f T s. Uh, my last question
• 1:56:26
  Speaker 1: for the n f T S. What is the term
• 1:56:28
  Speaker 1: for when we have the two different there's two different
• 1:56:30
  Speaker 1: strategies parenting strategies for animals. One that their letters and
• 1:56:36
  Speaker 1: I can't remember the letters, but one would be like exempt,
• 1:56:39
  Speaker 1: best exemplified by an elephant who uh has their offspring
• 1:56:48
  Speaker 1: are greatly spaced apart. They put enormous resources into their offspring.
• 1:56:53
  Speaker 1: Um is it p N Y or something like that. Kay.
• 1:56:58
  Speaker 1: And then the other extreme would be might be exemplified
• 1:57:01
  Speaker 1: by uh, let's let's say a cottontail rabbit where high fecundity,
• 1:57:07
  Speaker 1: big litters off in very little investment into the young UM.
• 1:57:13
  Speaker 1: And these are like two strategies. Do you do you
• 1:57:16
  Speaker 1: feel that with with dinosaurs, Like, is it likely that
• 1:57:21
  Speaker 1: there were dinosaurs that would spend years with their mother
• 1:57:26
  Speaker 1: and there was like a like a family group that
• 1:57:29
  Speaker 1: hung out. Probably, you know, they probably did. UM. We
• 1:57:33
  Speaker 1: find them preserved in groups, and they probably are family groups,
• 1:57:39
  Speaker 1: so they you know, they raised their babies and nests right,
• 1:57:44
  Speaker 1: so they're they're putting a lot of effort into that.
• 1:57:47
  Speaker 1: And when we find out like a herd that has
• 1:57:50
  Speaker 1: died catastrophically, we find you know, young ones, not not babies,
• 1:57:56
  Speaker 1: but you know, young young like yearlings together with um
• 1:58:03
  Speaker 1: older adults suggest like families where they're staying pretty much together. Here,
• 1:58:08
  Speaker 1: take a wild ass guess at what like the biggest
• 1:58:10
  Speaker 1: herded dinosaurs might have been. Well, here in Montana we
• 1:58:16
  Speaker 1: have we have the largest that's been recorded so far.
• 1:58:21
  Speaker 1: It is it is a catastrophic event that is related
• 1:58:26
  Speaker 1: to a volcano h and and we have at least
• 1:58:34
  Speaker 1: a hundred and twenty five thousand carcasses. Yeah, that is wild.
• 1:58:42
  Speaker 1: I wouldn't think there's that many carcasses in the whole
• 1:58:44
  Speaker 1: world ever have been found to dinosaurs. We haven't. We
• 1:58:47
  Speaker 1: haven't found them all we've we've we've sampled over this
• 1:58:51
  Speaker 1: huge area and we get thirty bones per square meter
• 1:58:55
  Speaker 1: and that's from one volcano, from one event. Yeah, it
• 1:59:02
  Speaker 1: could have been like you were like looking at a
• 1:59:03
  Speaker 1: her to care where you could have seen like dinosaurs
• 1:59:05
  Speaker 1: and numbers like that. Yep, man blows the mind. Man,
• 1:59:10
  Speaker 1: How how have things changed for paleontologies when it wasn't
• 1:59:13
  Speaker 1: within like the last decade where Montana declared that dinosaur
• 1:59:17
  Speaker 1: fossils are minerals, which changed some things, but they that
• 1:59:22
  Speaker 1: they didn't do that. They didn't do that. So how
• 1:59:25
  Speaker 1: how we're talking about doing that? And how would have
• 1:59:28
  Speaker 1: that changed things if that happened, Well, that's hard to say.
• 1:59:32
  Speaker 1: It would have had implications for picking them up right,
• 1:59:35
  Speaker 1: and who owns the rights to him? That That was
• 1:59:38
  Speaker 1: what the argument was. Does something does the person with
• 1:59:42
  Speaker 1: mineral rights own them or does the person with surface
• 1:59:45
  Speaker 1: rights on them? And and it they maintained it with
• 1:59:48
  Speaker 1: surface rights. Yeah, I don't it's hard to imagine what
• 1:59:54
  Speaker 1: it would have been like if they hadn't changed that rule.
• 1:59:59
  Speaker 1: I guess all the oil companies would all own all
• 2:00:02
  Speaker 1: the dinosaurs. Oh, was that kind of like a financial
• 2:00:05
  Speaker 1: play when people were it was? We had it was
• 2:00:09
  Speaker 1: a dinosaur specimen that was found in eastern Montana on
• 2:00:13
  Speaker 1: a ranch, and one of the relatives owned the land,
• 2:00:18
  Speaker 1: the surface rights, and another relative owned the mineral rights,
• 2:00:25
  Speaker 1: and the dinosaur was up for sale, and they knew
• 2:00:27
  Speaker 1: they were going to get somewhere around ten million dollars
• 2:00:29
  Speaker 1: for it. So was that the Dueling dinosaurs? Yes, so
• 2:00:33
  Speaker 1: what's the status of the Dueling dinosaurs? It was it
• 2:00:36
  Speaker 1: was bought by North Carolina State University's museum or some
• 2:00:42
  Speaker 1: a donor for that museum. So it is now in
• 2:00:45
  Speaker 1: North Carolina. Have you seen him? I haven't. No, um
• 2:00:51
  Speaker 1: I commercially collected dinosaur remains are are well. I don't
• 2:01:02
  Speaker 1: really want to go into all this, but well you
• 2:01:03
  Speaker 1: could take off DiCaprio. But you know, the thing is
• 2:01:09
  Speaker 1: is that when when we go to get a fossil,
• 2:01:13
  Speaker 1: we don't go to get just a fossil. We go
• 2:01:15
  Speaker 1: to get data. We you know, we're trying to learn
• 2:01:18
  Speaker 1: something and so so a specimen is for us is
• 2:01:22
  Speaker 1: we learn a lot while it's still in the ground,
• 2:01:25
  Speaker 1: and so we we don't dig them up very fast.
• 2:01:28
  Speaker 1: We dig them up relatively slow trying to get all
• 2:01:31
  Speaker 1: this information. And people that are actually buying, you know,
• 2:01:36
  Speaker 1: that are selling fossils, are trying to get them, you know,
• 2:01:40
  Speaker 1: out of the ground as quick as they can with
• 2:01:42
  Speaker 1: the least amount of overhead, right So, so so that
• 2:01:46
  Speaker 1: data that we're interested in is basically overhead for them,
• 2:01:50
  Speaker 1: and so and so they don't always keep all that
• 2:01:53
  Speaker 1: information or even take all that information that we need,
• 2:01:57
  Speaker 1: and so and so a out of those specimens just
• 2:02:02
  Speaker 1: end up as pretty things in some museums that just
• 2:02:05
  Speaker 1: show pretty things that don't that aren't into research. And
• 2:02:09
  Speaker 1: it's not always clear. I mean, you know, there's varying
• 2:02:13
  Speaker 1: degrees of of of commercial collectors, right some some maybe
• 2:02:20
  Speaker 1: you know, more apt to collect data, and some maybe
• 2:02:25
  Speaker 1: you know, wandering onto BLM. So I mean you just
• 2:02:30
  Speaker 1: never know. You never know where they're getting their stuff,
• 2:02:33
  Speaker 1: and they don't like to share that information with others
• 2:02:36
  Speaker 1: because they don't want their competition. In some of those areas,
• 2:02:40
  Speaker 1: we never know whether whether the information they are sharing
• 2:02:46
  Speaker 1: is actually accurate and so so it's controversial. So when
• 2:02:52
  Speaker 1: the dueling dinosaurs were first found, nobody was saying where
• 2:02:55
  Speaker 1: it was from, and so people were asking me, well,
• 2:02:58
  Speaker 1: they showed me a picture and they say, you know,
• 2:03:00
  Speaker 1: how important is this? And I would say, it's not
• 2:03:02
  Speaker 1: important to science at all because we don't know anything
• 2:03:06
  Speaker 1: about where it came from. And and that of course,
• 2:03:10
  Speaker 1: the landowners are really mad at me for saying things
• 2:03:13
  Speaker 1: like that because they were trying to sell it and
• 2:03:15
  Speaker 1: it caused a big ruckas but you know, it's it
• 2:03:19
  Speaker 1: just until they actually released the information and let scientists
• 2:03:26
  Speaker 1: into the site to to get the data, it was useless.
• 2:03:30
  Speaker 1: And it was that was kind of when I became
• 2:03:31
  Speaker 1: aware of like the politics of gathering stuff like that,
• 2:03:35
  Speaker 1: Like I know what happened with Sue in South Dakota.
• 2:03:37
  Speaker 1: But then when they dueling dinosaurs happen, and uh, you
• 2:03:40
  Speaker 1: were quoted saying like they're they're meaningless, like they're not
• 2:03:43
  Speaker 1: special unless we can look at them. That's when became
• 2:03:47
  Speaker 1: more aware of that. In the mineral rights saying why
• 2:03:51
  Speaker 1: why did Mongolia? Why is Mongolia emerged as as sort
• 2:03:56
  Speaker 1: of like the hot spot for the trade in dinosaur skeletons.
• 2:04:01
  Speaker 1: It's just because is it because of a lack of
• 2:04:04
  Speaker 1: oversighters there like a shipload of dinosaur bones there, both,
• 2:04:09
  Speaker 1: you know, I I do a lot of work there
• 2:04:11
  Speaker 1: and and and I have actually Mongolian students that have
• 2:04:15
  Speaker 1: come and been trained at MSU and then gone back
• 2:04:18
  Speaker 1: to work in the museums there. Um. They you know,
• 2:04:24
  Speaker 1: Mongolia has is one of the poorest countries in the world.
• 2:04:27
  Speaker 1: And they have nothing. I mean they don't. They hardly
• 2:04:30
  Speaker 1: have any exports. They export Kashmir and and charcoal briquettes.
• 2:04:36
  Speaker 1: I mean, you know, they hardly have anything, and and
• 2:04:40
  Speaker 1: and so their treasures are their fossils and and their
• 2:04:44
  Speaker 1: historical um stuff and so but they don't have enough people.
• 2:04:51
  Speaker 1: I mean, you know, it's a it's a it's a
• 2:04:53
  Speaker 1: country with three million people that's a third the size
• 2:04:56
  Speaker 1: of the United States. I mean, it's a huge area
• 2:04:59
  Speaker 1: and hardly anybody lives there in the end. And so
• 2:05:02
  Speaker 1: poachers go into Mongolia and steal those fossils, take them
• 2:05:06
  Speaker 1: into China and then ship them to the United States
• 2:05:09
  Speaker 1: and sell them. And then we you know, we started
• 2:05:13
  Speaker 1: realizing and like I said, their national treasures against a
• 2:05:17
  Speaker 1: law to do that, and so we started reporting, you know,
• 2:05:22
  Speaker 1: the fact that we were seeing some of these Mongolian
• 2:05:27
  Speaker 1: treasures in the United States, and so so Homeland Security
• 2:05:32
  Speaker 1: actually stepped in and helped go out and retrieve these
• 2:05:36
  Speaker 1: things from people like Leonardo Old and he had a
• 2:05:40
  Speaker 1: dinosaur get taken away from him. I don't know, I don't,
• 2:05:43
  Speaker 1: I don't think was Yeah, he was just chocking. I mean,
• 2:05:50
  Speaker 1: you can't imagine like that that would make for a
• 2:05:55
  Speaker 1: good heist movie. Instead of gems their money, they were
• 2:05:57
  Speaker 1: stealing like dinosaur or I'm there is one man, so
• 2:06:01
  Speaker 1: you know, so they they I think they've pretty much
• 2:06:04
  Speaker 1: shut that that down now, but you know, there's still
• 2:06:08
  Speaker 1: there's a market, and people like to have dinosaurs on
• 2:06:12
  Speaker 1: their you know, living room or whatever. You wouldn't or
• 2:06:19
  Speaker 1: you don't, I you know, a museum. I put them
• 2:06:24
  Speaker 1: all in the museum my when I was young. My
• 2:06:27
  Speaker 1: mother was always irritated that I was filling up the
• 2:06:29
  Speaker 1: basement with you know, dinosaur bones. Did you have some
• 2:06:33
  Speaker 1: good stuff down here? I had some pretty darn good stuff.
• 2:06:38
  Speaker 1: I had to get rid of them. And you said
• 2:06:39
  Speaker 1: you found your first at age five. I found my
• 2:06:42
  Speaker 1: first fossil at age five. And I found my first
• 2:06:45
  Speaker 1: dinosaur bone at age eight and my first dinosaur skeleton
• 2:06:48
  Speaker 1: when I was thirteen. Huh, what was the first fossil?
• 2:06:54
  Speaker 1: It was it was vaculated. And then what was the
• 2:06:59
  Speaker 1: first dinosaur? It's a piece of duckbill dinosaur. There you go.
• 2:07:07
  Speaker 1: I mean, with all due respect, it's hard to just
• 2:07:09
  Speaker 1: sitting around at How are you get excited about duck
• 2:07:11
  Speaker 1: bill dinosas? Tell them how big they were? Yeah, they're
• 2:07:17
  Speaker 1: they're they're they're pretty cool, and they've got big crests
• 2:07:20
  Speaker 1: on their hands and you know, thirty forty ft long?
• 2:07:24
  Speaker 1: You know, you know that you are? You promote that cartoon?
• 2:07:30
  Speaker 1: Was it Dino Train? What the hell's that? Cartoons? Dinosaur
• 2:07:33
  Speaker 1: Trained Trained? Uh? Did you watch that? My kids? Ye watching?
• 2:07:39
  Speaker 1: Did you see Dr Scott They? Yeah, yeah, he was
• 2:07:42
  Speaker 1: one of my students. Oh, he'd come on in the end,
• 2:07:44
  Speaker 1: kind of shucked the corner on whatever they were talking
• 2:07:46
  Speaker 1: about on the duck Bill episode. Maybe you found this
• 2:07:51
  Speaker 1: out on the duck Bell episode. They got those things
• 2:07:54
  Speaker 1: doing like a hoop. Yes, yeah, like they could hoot
• 2:07:58
  Speaker 1: and call to one another. You're buying that? Well if
• 2:08:02
  Speaker 1: that was your idea, Well, no, I think it's a
• 2:08:05
  Speaker 1: general consensus that they had a large hooting noise that
• 2:08:09
  Speaker 1: could make the dusky grouse of the dinosaur world. What
• 2:08:19
  Speaker 1: would make you appreciate them? Sees if you look at
• 2:08:21
  Speaker 1: the n f T s, I'm thinking, well, some of
• 2:08:25
  Speaker 1: them make noise. The n f T S are on
• 2:08:28
  Speaker 1: open c open explain what bust break it down? I
• 2:08:35
  Speaker 1: I actually, well, I can break down dinosaur. I can't
• 2:08:38
  Speaker 1: break down blockchain. I don't understand it. But you are
• 2:08:42
  Speaker 1: selling a non fungible of what you feel like dinosaurs
• 2:08:48
  Speaker 1: should look like. What they what you feel they looked like?
• 2:08:51
  Speaker 1: All right, and the audience can One of the ways
• 2:08:56
  Speaker 1: to see some of the images of the n f
• 2:08:58
  Speaker 1: T s is on program at Jack Horner's with an
• 2:09:03
  Speaker 1: ass dinosaurs, and there people can look at what you
• 2:09:06
  Speaker 1: think dinosaurs looked like, far scarier than what Spielberg did.
• 2:09:12
  Speaker 1: Well they're prettier anyway. Oh, I just want to Jack
• 2:09:16
  Speaker 1: Horner's dino vision and popped up the Spencer new Heart
• 2:09:19
  Speaker 1: follows it. Okay, so I want to see it. So
• 2:09:28
  Speaker 1: where do I want to go? So Jack Horner's Dinosaurs,
• 2:09:30
  Speaker 1: I go to Instagram Jack Horner's Dinosaurs the real life
• 2:09:35
  Speaker 1: inspiration for Jurassic Parks. There is again the real life
• 2:09:39
  Speaker 1: inspiration for Jurassic Parks lead character Dr Alan Grant. Jack
• 2:09:45
  Speaker 1: Horner is a world renowned vertebra paleontologists and researcher. And
• 2:09:51
  Speaker 1: in here are videos and images of what you think
• 2:09:56
  Speaker 1: these buggers look like? Yep, h are they different? It's differently.
• 2:10:02
  Speaker 1: I thought they look like, who's this guy that's a
• 2:10:06
  Speaker 1: t rex? Oh, he looked like a big old turkey. Yeah,
• 2:10:08
  Speaker 1: he does, big old gobbler. Oh. And then you also
• 2:10:13
  Speaker 1: have with feathery with a feathery base of his neck. Oh.
• 2:10:18
  Speaker 1: You can see some of this at at Jack Corner's Yeah,
• 2:10:21
  Speaker 1: dino vision at Jack Corners Dino Vision. That one's cute.
• 2:10:26
  Speaker 1: Huh man to try, Sarahtops your take on is a
• 2:10:30
  Speaker 1: crazy ass looking dinosaur. Yeah, huh. What do you do
• 2:10:36
  Speaker 1: with the money from the n f t S. You
• 2:10:37
  Speaker 1: gonna like donate it to museums and stuff like that,
• 2:10:39
  Speaker 1: or I have a yah, I have a five oh
• 2:10:41
  Speaker 1: one c three ah educational foundation that goes into and
• 2:10:46
  Speaker 1: then we distributed the money too paleontologists in the field
• 2:10:51
  Speaker 1: and got or science education and talk about how it's
• 2:10:56
  Speaker 1: a little bit controversial that you're doing this. We've covered
• 2:10:58
  Speaker 1: this controversy you have you bet your particular Yeah, just
• 2:11:04
  Speaker 1: like cryptocurrencies and n f t s. Yeah, something I
• 2:11:08
  Speaker 1: I don't really totally understand it, but I understand that.
• 2:11:11
  Speaker 1: You know that that the so called mining of Korean
• 2:11:17
  Speaker 1: Why don't you We've covered it. You're running enormous amounts
• 2:11:25
  Speaker 1: of calculations and it sucks a lot of energy and
• 2:11:29
  Speaker 1: IM and I'm sure it does for a lot of
• 2:11:31
  Speaker 1: n f t s are released, like by the thousands.
• 2:11:34
  Speaker 1: They're talking about crypto. It's it's it's doing the computations
• 2:11:38
  Speaker 1: necessary for cryptocurrencies. It's taking up a lot of energy. Yeah, yeah,
• 2:11:43
  Speaker 1: I you know, and I people have been, you know,
• 2:11:47
  Speaker 1: not very friendly about it. Your students said you are
• 2:11:51
  Speaker 1: anti environment because you get into n f t s. Yeah. Yeah.
• 2:11:56
  Speaker 1: What'd you say to them? Well, I, you know, I
• 2:11:59
  Speaker 1: I told him to explain to me what it was that,
• 2:12:02
  Speaker 1: you know, it was so bad about him and they
• 2:12:04
  Speaker 1: and they did, and I said, well it's done. What
• 2:12:07
  Speaker 1: can I do about it? And they said, don't do
• 2:12:10
  Speaker 1: it again, and so you know, huh, but it's how
• 2:12:15
  Speaker 1: I'm generating money for research. So I don't you know, I'm,
• 2:12:18
  Speaker 1: I'm and I and I understand that there you know,
• 2:12:21
  Speaker 1: there's some concern, But I know also that there's a
• 2:12:24
  Speaker 1: lot of you know, people working on reducing the the
• 2:12:28
  Speaker 1: environmental impact as well. So you know, can I tell
• 2:12:31
  Speaker 1: you a little something you might not have turned up
• 2:12:33
  Speaker 1: in all your research? Okay, no one is pure enough
• 2:12:38
  Speaker 1: and no one's pure enough. Yeah, boy, I'll tell you
• 2:12:42
  Speaker 1: not on Twitter, that's for sure. I got one last question.
• 2:12:49
  Speaker 1: How does like some guy in his twenties it lives
• 2:12:51
  Speaker 1: in Bozeman, say, and like works at a media company
• 2:12:54
  Speaker 1: like get to go on one of these Maybe I'm
• 2:12:57
  Speaker 1: just just like a hypothetical. Just just keep keep in
• 2:13:00
  Speaker 1: touch still technically in his twenties, keep in touch with you. Yeah, Okay,
• 2:13:04
  Speaker 1: you're gonna take Spencer out digging dinosaurs, take me to
• 2:13:10
  Speaker 1: if you send these guys home, If you send these
• 2:13:12
  Speaker 1: guys home with a big tristerratops, go on to be pissed.
• 2:13:17
  Speaker 1: I'll be out. I'll be out in July. I'll be
• 2:13:20
  Speaker 1: back up in Montana and I will have excavation up
• 2:13:25
  Speaker 1: in northern Montana and you're gonna let them bust? Is
• 2:13:28
  Speaker 1: this really invite? Because don't don't put her out there.
• 2:13:31
  Speaker 1: He's a rock hunting some bitch man. You bring him out,
• 2:13:33
  Speaker 1: he'll find something. You all have a standing invitation. I
• 2:13:38
  Speaker 1: got my own paintbrushes. Spencer will find like a living dinosaurs. Good,
• 2:13:44
  Speaker 1: nothing happens in July. You're seriously gonna go. Yeah, Oh,
• 2:13:48
  Speaker 1: I'm going to Spencer's hardcore rockhound. I didn't know this about.
• 2:13:53
  Speaker 1: That's a rock hound poser because we spent a lot
• 2:13:55
  Speaker 1: of time together. He hasn't brought this up to me. No, listen, Spencer,
• 2:14:00
  Speaker 1: we're gonna do. I'm oftentimes sending Spencer ship like what.
• 2:14:04
  Speaker 1: He's trying to establish his bona fides as a rockhound.
• 2:14:09
  Speaker 1: I yeah, I'm not. I'm not Spencer for sure, but
• 2:14:12
  Speaker 1: um well, one of the areas well. If Jack comes
• 2:14:16
  Speaker 1: to me and he says, the boys, where where we look?
• 2:14:21
  Speaker 1: We can sit on the hill look for dinosaurs and
• 2:14:24
  Speaker 1: then look out at at the at the modern river
• 2:14:30
  Speaker 1: and see herds of elk sting like that. You're scouting too.
• 2:14:37
  Speaker 1: I'm gonna start. I'm gonna start marking spots for fine
• 2:14:40
  Speaker 1: stuff and taking pictures and sending them to let me
• 2:14:44
  Speaker 1: ask you this real quick. This is my last question.
• 2:14:46
  Speaker 1: I don't you know that clamp the clam bed. Yeah,
• 2:14:50
  Speaker 1: it's on federal land. But let's just say a feller
• 2:14:53
  Speaker 1: owned a clam bed. Is that of any significance or
• 2:14:55
  Speaker 1: those things just everywhere? Yeah, they're mostly everywhere. Okay, try
• 2:15:00
  Speaker 1: to explain that to my kids to reduce the heartbreak
• 2:15:03
  Speaker 1: of them not being able to haul off all those clams. Well,
• 2:15:07
  Speaker 1: you know, they could haul off quite a few of them,
• 2:15:09
  Speaker 1: and it's okay everywhere, to the point where Blam says that,
• 2:15:13
  Speaker 1: like you can take invertebrates. Invertebrates are fine a clam
• 2:15:18
  Speaker 1: and like I have vaculites from and they're gonna kill me.
• 2:15:24
  Speaker 1: Because here's the thing. I was just trying to be
• 2:15:27
  Speaker 1: like instilling them, like you know how you do when
• 2:15:30
  Speaker 1: you have kids, and uh, well I told them you
• 2:15:33
  Speaker 1: can't take those clamps. Well clamps kids can fill up
• 2:15:38
  Speaker 1: a basement pretty quick. They kind of kept the clams
• 2:15:42
  Speaker 1: not knowing where you were. There are certains around Fort
• 2:15:45
  Speaker 1: Peck where you can't be taking stuff nothing at all. Mr. Yeah,
• 2:15:49
  Speaker 1: I could walk right back up. I could walk right
• 2:15:52
  Speaker 1: back up to this thing and pass my kids DearS
• 2:15:54
  Speaker 1: gut pile on the way and in order to have
• 2:15:58
  Speaker 1: to drive past a lot of clamps. Oh, the spot
• 2:16:02
  Speaker 1: where I found the big clam bed is right where
• 2:16:05
  Speaker 1: you guys were hunting. Nah oh, I said, it was
• 2:16:10
  Speaker 1: my last question. But here's my last question. This is
• 2:16:12
  Speaker 1: a closer. This gives you a chance to close her out. Okay,
• 2:16:16
  Speaker 1: what's the next when you crystal ball? Okay? In your field?
• 2:16:23
  Speaker 1: What's the next big thing that that people need to
• 2:16:26
  Speaker 1: find out? Right? So if you have a clue, really
• 2:16:29
  Speaker 1: we chunk out like this whole bird ship. That's interesting.
• 2:16:32
  Speaker 1: The feathers and the colors, that's interesting. You don't have
• 2:16:35
  Speaker 1: any like that that that they could blank or you know, no, no,
• 2:16:42
  Speaker 1: I just I just hope we don't overlook it. So
• 2:16:46
  Speaker 1: you don't have a you don't have a hunch. Nope,
• 2:16:48
  Speaker 1: not a clue. What are you working on right now?
• 2:16:52
  Speaker 1: I'm I'm interested in, I don't I'm interested in and
• 2:16:58
  Speaker 1: how dinosaur accouterments, you know, how they grow. It's just
• 2:17:04
  Speaker 1: it's like looking at deer antlers. Do you know anything
• 2:17:07
  Speaker 1: about deer antlers? I mean they are made of I
• 2:17:13
  Speaker 1: mean the animal just you know, just imagine, I mean,
• 2:17:16
  Speaker 1: the the animal puts a huge amount of energy into
• 2:17:21
  Speaker 1: growing these things and then drops them and then starts
• 2:17:25
  Speaker 1: over the next year, right, I mean a lot of
• 2:17:27
  Speaker 1: accouterments are kept year after year. I mean it's it's
• 2:17:31
  Speaker 1: less expensive that way. And and the big shield on
• 2:17:36
  Speaker 1: a tricerat I mean it's an enormous structure. I mean,
• 2:17:39
  Speaker 1: on an adult triceratops, their skull is nine ft long
• 2:17:43
  Speaker 1: and six ft wide. I mean it's just huge. And
• 2:17:47
  Speaker 1: and you know, and there parts of them are paper thin,
• 2:17:53
  Speaker 1: and yet you never find them broken or our heel
• 2:17:57
  Speaker 1: re healed. I mean, so so it's it's just it's
• 2:18:01
  Speaker 1: just interesting. We just don't know very much about them.
• 2:18:03
  Speaker 1: Do you think that there was that there was probably
• 2:18:07
  Speaker 1: sexual display, and there was probably protection. No, I don't
• 2:18:12
  Speaker 1: think any of those accouterments were for protection. I think
• 2:18:15
  Speaker 1: they were all for display. Just look like a bad
• 2:18:19
  Speaker 1: mofo to the ladies, because you know, mammals are really
• 2:18:24
  Speaker 1: because mammals evolved as nocturnal creatures. Most mammals display um physically, right,
• 2:18:32
  Speaker 1: I mean, crashing into each other, button each other. I
• 2:18:35
  Speaker 1: mean that a lot of physical actions and and and
• 2:18:41
  Speaker 1: and that communication between them is usually olfactory, right there,
• 2:18:45
  Speaker 1: sniffing one another, birds and other diurnal animals, reptiles and
• 2:18:52
  Speaker 1: birds and probably dinosaurs were all visual a lot of show.
• 2:18:57
  Speaker 1: So it was all show, you know, and we see
• 2:19:00
  Speaker 1: that in birds. I mean, yes, birds, male birds do
• 2:19:03
  Speaker 1: fight sometimes, but mostly it's the males displaying to the
• 2:19:07
  Speaker 1: females and the wild. Think of a of a dinosaur
• 2:19:11
  Speaker 1: doing like like a dinosaur, like a leck and they're
• 2:19:15
  Speaker 1: like displaying and strutting, strutting and dancing and singing, and
• 2:19:21
  Speaker 1: you know, I think the whole works. I think every long.
• 2:19:27
  Speaker 1: Wouldn't that be cool? Yeah? Well, next time someone asked
• 2:19:30
  Speaker 1: you the old time machine question, why don't you put
• 2:19:32
  Speaker 1: that one down breeding season? Breeding season? Yeah, well I
• 2:19:36
  Speaker 1: got a good answer. I think no matter where, no
• 2:19:41
  Speaker 1: matter what dinosaur you went to see, I think one
• 2:19:43
  Speaker 1: thing it would be is stinky. Yeah, I think. I
• 2:19:49
  Speaker 1: think those planning dinosaurs and the meaty I just think
• 2:19:52
  Speaker 1: it was pretty nasty, like the sore up the big
• 2:20:00
  Speaker 1: long neck dinosaurs. I mean they were those big giant
• 2:20:03
  Speaker 1: stomachs were fermenting. Oh oh my god, that they were. Yeah,
• 2:20:09
  Speaker 1: that was that's when there really was a lot of methane.
• 2:20:15
  Speaker 1: Methane in the atmosphere. Yeah, huh, all right, man, all right,
• 2:20:22
  Speaker 1: So I'll see some of you. Let me ask you, though,
• 2:20:28
  Speaker 1: do you just take any old Tom, Dick and Harry
• 2:20:30
  Speaker 1: or these guys getting like a special deal to be
• 2:20:32
  Speaker 1: able to volunteer? Well they look they looked like they
• 2:20:36
  Speaker 1: could work the jackhammer pretty well. All right, I can
• 2:20:42
  Speaker 1: be excited to hear about I got my hours on
• 2:20:45
  Speaker 1: the jackhammer. Not doing that though, No, but jack breaking rocks. Yeah,
• 2:20:53
  Speaker 1: well I want to hear a report back. When you
• 2:20:55
  Speaker 1: fellers get back, we're in the pockets full of looted.
• 2:21:00
  Speaker 1: You'll come over to my house, they try sere cops
• 2:21:02
  Speaker 1: skulls sitting on the on the table. Where did you
• 2:21:07
  Speaker 1: get this? All right? Thank thanks so much for coming
• 2:21:12
  Speaker 1: out man. We've been looking forward to it. Thank you.