Latest / Stuff You Should Know / How the Spanish Inquisition Worked

Transcript

How the Spanish Inquisition Worked · Stuff You Should Know

0:01
Speaker 1: Welcome to you stuff you should know from house Stuff
0:04
Speaker 1: Works dot com. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm
0:12
Speaker 1: Josh Clark with Charles W. Chuck Bryant, and Jerome Rowland. Jerry,
0:19
Speaker 1: that's j E. R. I. Yeah, for those who don't know,
0:22
Speaker 1: we've ever said that, and we get many, many variations. Yeah,
0:26
Speaker 1: it's it's mind boggling to mean that some people get
0:29
Speaker 1: it right. And Jerry's a lady. Yes, shews. We'll just
0:33
Speaker 1: go ahead and you know, get that out there. I
0:35
Speaker 1: think that most people knew that, right, most people new
0:39
Speaker 1: listeners are producers. J E. R. Right, the lady, Oh night,
0:44
Speaker 1: that's a T shirt right there. Uh okay, well we
0:48
Speaker 1: have that settled officially. If anybody ever asked, we can
0:51
Speaker 1: just send them the link to the Spanish Inquisition episode. Yeah.
0:54
Speaker 1: I've been singing the History of the World Part one
0:56
Speaker 1: song all day. Yeah, I was gonna ask, how how
0:59
Speaker 1: shall we start this with with the song or with
1:02
Speaker 1: the Nobody expects the Spanish Inquisition. Uh so either of
1:06
Speaker 1: mel Brooks or Monty Python. Well, they're both great to
1:10
Speaker 1: you do one and I'll do the other at the
1:11
Speaker 1: same time. The Inquisition. No one expects the Spanish Inquisition.
1:17
Speaker 1: I watched that bit again today too, and I was like,
1:20
Speaker 1: that's good. He got me l o LD. Wow. Yeah,
1:25
Speaker 1: Flying Circuits one of the great sketch shows of all time.
1:27
Speaker 1: I think I'm curious, Chuck, what percentage of l O
1:32
Speaker 1: L s do you think are actually symbolic of a
1:36
Speaker 1: real laugh out loud, like when people say that, even
1:40
Speaker 1: if it's a chuckle. Yeah, I don't know. I never
1:43
Speaker 1: say l O L though, always say like, oh, I've
1:48
Speaker 1: seen you. No, I have to dude, I've never typed
1:54
Speaker 1: l O L. That is not for any Internet shorthand.
1:57
Speaker 1: That's true. It's is so true. To find the documentations, Okay,
2:03
Speaker 1: I'm going to find it. I didn't expect the third degree.
2:07
Speaker 1: Nobody expects the third degree. That's what my family said.
2:10
Speaker 1: We said the third degree, not the Spanish Inquisition third degree.
2:14
Speaker 1: Uh my family just left everybody alone. That must uh so, Chuck, Yes,
2:21
Speaker 1: you've heard of the Spanish Inquisition obviously, are you? Were
2:25
Speaker 1: you familiar with the actual thing, like beyond the seventies
2:28
Speaker 1: and the nineteen seventies, No, with money Python and mel Brooks. No,
2:32
Speaker 1: I didn't know a whole lot about it. Was this
2:34
Speaker 1: one was a delight to learn. Yeah, it was one
2:36
Speaker 1: of those things in history where you realize a man,
2:39
Speaker 1: it has it all. Frankly, there was more to it
2:42
Speaker 1: than just what we thought, and it's possibly misunderstood. Yeah,
2:49
Speaker 1: there's a lot of controversy surrounding how uh deep it
2:53
Speaker 1: went and how bloody it got, and uh a lot
2:57
Speaker 1: of people are still duking it out. Yeah, and that's
2:59
Speaker 1: a that's it makes sense. Pope John Paul put it
3:03
Speaker 1: very well when he said, and I'm paraphrasing here that um, like, yes,
3:09
Speaker 1: the Inquisition happened. Yes it was super messed up. Let's
3:13
Speaker 1: find out exactly how messed up it is so the
3:15
Speaker 1: church can be fully penitent h under um, being fully informed.
3:21
Speaker 1: But he wasn't saying, like, stop making such a big
3:24
Speaker 1: deal about the inquisition everywhere, because it was a big
3:26
Speaker 1: deal because it was using, um, a court system, pretty
3:32
Speaker 1: much a perverted court system, and now the kind that's
3:35
Speaker 1: like you know, rusty and eugene like perverted meaning like
3:38
Speaker 1: twisted and grotesque. Um two route people out based on
3:45
Speaker 1: the idea that there they weren't pious enough or pious
3:48
Speaker 1: in the right ways. And even that was disingenuous because
3:52
Speaker 1: ultimately it was used to consolidate power. Yeah, and I
3:56
Speaker 1: saw other remarks from historians it even more ultimately, perhaps
4:03
Speaker 1: it was a way to get money. Yeah, so power
4:06
Speaker 1: and money. I think. So the whole thing just disgusting
4:08
Speaker 1: at its core, and it's a real blemish on the
4:11
Speaker 1: history of both the Church and Europe. Um. But it
4:14
Speaker 1: did happen. But it's also possible that just how bad
4:17
Speaker 1: it was, like you're saying was was exaggerated over the years.
4:21
Speaker 1: So let's talk about this. We're talking specifically about the
4:24
Speaker 1: Spanish Inquisition, but you can't really just talk about the
4:27
Speaker 1: Spanish Inquisition. It didn't happen in a vacuum. It was
4:30
Speaker 1: part of a larger thing that the inquisition in general.
4:33
Speaker 1: Um which is basically a court system where the court
4:38
Speaker 1: is actually responsible for trying you rather than being an
4:42
Speaker 1: impartial spectator referee. Yeah, it's called the tribunal. Basically, there's
4:47
Speaker 1: no jury. It's the judge decides whether you're guilty or
4:50
Speaker 1: not and what your fate will be, right, which is
4:54
Speaker 1: kind of uneasy for the person who's being tried. Yeah,
4:57
Speaker 1: you got one. Well, I think maybe a couple of
4:59
Speaker 1: inquisitive wors uh might have been at work at times,
5:02
Speaker 1: but it definitely wasn't like a jury system by any
5:05
Speaker 1: means none at all. Um. There were also some other
5:09
Speaker 1: characteristics of a UM inquisition. You were not allowed to
5:15
Speaker 1: know who is accusing you, and anyone could accuse you.
5:19
Speaker 1: You had to testify whether you wanted to or not
5:23
Speaker 1: without any help. Yeah, and like you said, anybody could
5:26
Speaker 1: accuse you. Other criminals could accuse you, family members, other
5:30
Speaker 1: other heretics. And that was the whole point of this
5:34
Speaker 1: was to root out heretics, people who UM were who
5:39
Speaker 1: held beliefs that flew in the face of church church orthodoxy. Yeah,
5:45
Speaker 1: and I think we should get into this a little
5:46
Speaker 1: bit because there's a broad definition of heretic. Like what
5:52
Speaker 1: they could actually ring people up for was vast. You know,
5:57
Speaker 1: it wasn't like your Thai Catholic or you're a non
6:01
Speaker 1: Christian atheist, like most of these people were either converts
6:07
Speaker 1: to Catholicism, you know, forced converts like Jews or Muslims,
6:12
Speaker 1: or you know, it could have been anything from bigamy
6:16
Speaker 1: to quote superstitions was one of the things. Yeah, there
6:19
Speaker 1: are a lot of witches who were rooted out solicitation
6:23
Speaker 1: and this is all by the way from the archive. Um.
6:26
Speaker 1: They eventually um opened up the Secret Archives. The Catholic
6:31
Speaker 1: Church did about all this. Yeah, that's capitalized by the way,
6:34
Speaker 1: secret archives. That's a really it's a title. Um. And
6:38
Speaker 1: so they actually had percentages of the of what people
6:41
Speaker 1: were were brought in for. And like I said, most
6:43
Speaker 1: of them was because you were a different faith. But
6:46
Speaker 1: one of them was a miscellaneous two or three thousand
6:49
Speaker 1: people freemasonry, sodomy, bigamy, superstitions, basically anything that they could
6:57
Speaker 1: cook up that they wanted to cook up. Okay, so
6:59
Speaker 1: let's if they wanted to and that was heresy and
7:03
Speaker 1: that was the umbrella crime that was being investigated by
7:06
Speaker 1: the inquisitions. Yeah, supposedly you had to be um. You
7:11
Speaker 1: had to be teaching these beliefs just to other people,
7:14
Speaker 1: not just simply like a quiet believer of these uh
7:17
Speaker 1: heretic things. Um. And you had to be doing it
7:21
Speaker 1: of your own free will and like not be like
7:24
Speaker 1: if you were under the influence of Satan. Hey, and
7:29
Speaker 1: you had to um still hold this belief publicly even
7:34
Speaker 1: after being corrected, even after its pointed out that what
7:38
Speaker 1: you what you believe is heresy. So you want to
7:40
Speaker 1: correct yourself yeah, so if you didn't correct, if you
7:43
Speaker 1: didn't auto correct, then uh, yeah, you're right. So let's
7:47
Speaker 1: take it back, um a little further back in the day. Uh,
7:54
Speaker 1: Christians were very much persecuted and we're thrown to the
7:58
Speaker 1: lions and were, Um there's there they were. They were
8:05
Speaker 1: very much mistreated. And apparently they kind of took that
8:10
Speaker 1: in a lot the same way that um maybe uh
8:13
Speaker 1: Pip squeak, who's bullied and then bulks up over time, Yeah,
8:18
Speaker 1: would treat being bullied. Um. The Christians did much the
8:22
Speaker 1: same thing. Either that or they had a very short memory.
8:24
Speaker 1: Because Um, after Constantine the Great converted to Christianity, he
8:29
Speaker 1: was the Roman emperor. Um, all of a sudden, the Church,
8:34
Speaker 1: the Catholic Church, started to enjoy a lot of power,
8:38
Speaker 1: and that power grew and grew and grew. Um. And
8:41
Speaker 1: then all of a sudden, there were monarchies all over
8:43
Speaker 1: Europe that were Catholic, They considered themselves Catholic, they associated
8:48
Speaker 1: with the Catholic Church, they were in cahoots with the pope,
8:51
Speaker 1: and they they became very powerful. The Church became a
8:55
Speaker 1: very powerful institution. Um. And one of the ways that
8:59
Speaker 1: it's I did it was going to spread its power
9:02
Speaker 1: and maintain its power. Was to squash anything that was
9:07
Speaker 1: outside the purview of Catholic orthodoxy. Anything that the Pope
9:12
Speaker 1: said was not kosher was um not okay, it was heresy.
9:20
Speaker 1: And this is at the same time there are a
9:22
Speaker 1: lot of different sects of Christianity, of Catholicism, even that
9:26
Speaker 1: we're starting to gain in popularity. So things like the
9:29
Speaker 1: Illuminati came out of this um era and the cars
9:34
Speaker 1: like very spiritual uh groups that were Christian and identify
9:40
Speaker 1: as Christian but thought the Pope was corrupt, and the
9:42
Speaker 1: Pope said, or we're coming after you guys. And this
9:45
Speaker 1: was the first Inquisition. Yeah, there were even uh persecution
9:49
Speaker 1: of fellow Christians, Protestant Christians, Lutheran Christians. So it wasn't
9:53
Speaker 1: necessarily just your Jew or your Muslim. No, these were
9:57
Speaker 1: Christians initially. It wasn't until the Spanish Inquisition that Jews
10:01
Speaker 1: were targeted. It was um during the medieval or Papal
10:05
Speaker 1: Inquisition starting and I think twelve thirty one under Pope
10:08
Speaker 1: Gregory the ninth, he issued a papal bull that said, uh,
10:14
Speaker 1: we're going after heretics and we're going to use uh inquisitions. Yeah,
10:21
Speaker 1: and that was the start, that's right, twelve thirty one,
10:23
Speaker 1: and uh, he picked the what was known as the
10:25
Speaker 1: Dominican Order, which was not Dominicans in Dominican Republic, but
10:30
Speaker 1: founded by Saint Dominic de Guzman Um. And they were
10:36
Speaker 1: apparently like super smart and really knowledgeable, and they were
10:40
Speaker 1: the people too, I guess, the a team to go
10:44
Speaker 1: about conducting this first inquisition. Right. So this was under
10:47
Speaker 1: King Ferdinand two and Queen Isabella, and it says there
10:51
Speaker 1: were secular rulers. Do you know what that means? Uh?
10:55
Speaker 1: Did they not identify as Catholic or they just that
10:57
Speaker 1: wasn't there? No, they definitely did. I think what they
11:00
Speaker 1: were saying was they weren't. It wasn't like the pope.
11:03
Speaker 1: It was they were like, Okay, they were the head
11:06
Speaker 1: of government. Okay, that makes sense, Yeah, I got you.
11:08
Speaker 1: But they did identify as Catholic, and they just recently
11:11
Speaker 1: united Spain under the Catholic monarchy, and so they were saying,
11:16
Speaker 1: we need to make sure everybody else's Catholic. So let's
11:19
Speaker 1: let's start an inquisition here too, right. Plus we can
11:22
Speaker 1: collect some money, right if their found guilty, take their land.
11:26
Speaker 1: That kind of thing. Uh. So, like I said, Isabelle
11:29
Speaker 1: and Ferdinand with Pope six to the fourth uh And
11:33
Speaker 1: like you said, it was to create unity on the surface,
11:37
Speaker 1: but probably was more about power and money and um
11:41
Speaker 1: kind of just squashing any alternative alternative thought. Right. Yeah,
11:46
Speaker 1: I mean they were like, if you're consolidating two lands
11:49
Speaker 1: into a single kingdom, it's not like flipping a switch.
11:53
Speaker 1: You know, like there's a lot of people who have
11:54
Speaker 1: political ties and alliances on a more local level, there's
11:59
Speaker 1: like Dina's ease and clans um. The I guess Isabella
12:03
Speaker 1: and Ferdinand said, you know, a really good way to
12:06
Speaker 1: unite everybody is under the banner of Catholicism. But ultimately
12:11
Speaker 1: it was about them consolidating their power and breaking up
12:15
Speaker 1: these alliances and and to gain money because part of
12:18
Speaker 1: the inquisition was if you were accused of heresy, and
12:21
Speaker 1: if you were convicted of heresy, the church and the
12:25
Speaker 1: government would take your land and split it with the
12:28
Speaker 1: person who accused you. So it ultimately became this very
12:31
Speaker 1: powerful political tool and almost a machine that raised a
12:36
Speaker 1: lot of money for Spain. Yeah. We we talked about
12:40
Speaker 1: Jews and Muslims. They were two of the bigger targets um.
12:44
Speaker 1: As far as it was just a bigoted culture. Basically,
12:46
Speaker 1: Jews were putting ghettos or killed um, which is weird
12:50
Speaker 1: because Spain was a very it grew out of Jews,
12:54
Speaker 1: Christians and Muslims living together in this area. But then
12:59
Speaker 1: under Ferdinand and Isabella, they were like, it was just Catholicism. Yeah,
13:04
Speaker 1: they were officially banished um with the Alhambra decree in
13:08
Speaker 1: four two. And here's the rub is a lot of
13:13
Speaker 1: these Jews converted to Catholicism. But it wasn't like they
13:15
Speaker 1: were like, oh cool, well, you know, that's great, you
13:18
Speaker 1: converted to our religion and that's all well and fine.
13:21
Speaker 1: They called them pigs um maranos, which is derogatory, and
13:27
Speaker 1: said we think you're probably still really practicing Judaism, which
13:31
Speaker 1: some of them might have been. So yeah, it was
13:33
Speaker 1: like the suddenly the power establishment was was Catholic and
13:38
Speaker 1: there were a lot of Jews who converted. They were
13:40
Speaker 1: called converse those two, which was I think kind of
13:43
Speaker 1: a neutral term for him. But they were converted Catholics.
13:46
Speaker 1: And yes, there was a great deal of suspicion that
13:49
Speaker 1: they were Jewish and everything but name and that they
13:52
Speaker 1: just converted to avoid persecution, not even necessarily at first
13:56
Speaker 1: to avoid persecution, but just to to be able to
13:58
Speaker 1: gain power because the power establishment was Catholic. So I'll
14:03
Speaker 1: just go become Catholic too, and not still really Jewish,
14:06
Speaker 1: but I can hang out and have communion with you
14:08
Speaker 1: guys who were running the show. And so it was
14:11
Speaker 1: the suspicion that they were what are called crypto Jews
14:15
Speaker 1: running around in Spain that initiated the First inquis or
14:20
Speaker 1: the Spanish Inquisition. Yeah, and I guess the same is
14:23
Speaker 1: true with the Muslim mores Um. They would convert to Catholicism,
14:26
Speaker 1: and that still didn't really count. They were known as
14:29
Speaker 1: Morisco's which is Moorish, and it was basically the same
14:33
Speaker 1: thing as the Jewish community. There were still targets even
14:36
Speaker 1: though they converted. And uh, like I said, it went
14:40
Speaker 1: all the way over to Protestants and fellow Christians. So
14:44
Speaker 1: anything not Catholic basically, and not even not just not Catholic,
14:48
Speaker 1: but not orthodox Catholic. Yeah, it wasn't just in Europe either,
14:52
Speaker 1: it was it happened in the New World in Mexico,
14:54
Speaker 1: basically anywhere Spain was setting up shop. There could be
14:57
Speaker 1: a mobile inquisition unit. So like that was one of
15:01
Speaker 1: the even more despicable aspects of the Inquisition was that
15:05
Speaker 1: they would go conquer a land and then set up
15:07
Speaker 1: an inquisition to root out the non Catholics in a
15:10
Speaker 1: land that was there were no Catholics. So like when
15:13
Speaker 1: Spain took over Granada, um it was Moorish, it was Muslim.
15:18
Speaker 1: They set up the the inquisition there, or the Portuguese
15:22
Speaker 1: also had an inquisition, and when they went to India
15:26
Speaker 1: they set up the goa In Inquisition and rooted out Hindus.
15:30
Speaker 1: Well it's like, of course there's Hindus here. You guys
15:32
Speaker 1: came from over there to the land of Hindus. Yes,
15:36
Speaker 1: there's gonna be Hindus here. Like this is this is
15:38
Speaker 1: awful yea. But yeah, they also did it in Mexico
15:41
Speaker 1: and other places too. Uh yeah. And like we said,
15:44
Speaker 1: this isn't the only inquisition that was one in Portugal.
15:48
Speaker 1: There was the Roman Inquisition in the fifteen forties. That's
15:51
Speaker 1: where Galileo was famously uh I guess tried, yeah, and
15:57
Speaker 1: he was under house arrest, but he apparently his um
16:02
Speaker 1: his arrest in his trial was more just like it
16:05
Speaker 1: just flew in the face of science. The way he
16:08
Speaker 1: was treated apparently wasn't so bad. Like he had a
16:10
Speaker 1: pension from the pope, and yeah, I thought he was
16:13
Speaker 1: he died of natural causes. Yeah, but he was under
16:16
Speaker 1: house arrest, but he was He wasn't hurting, apparently. It
16:22
Speaker 1: was more just like the fact that that that there
16:24
Speaker 1: was a trial right right of science by Catholicism. You know,
16:30
Speaker 1: it's it doesn't get more literal than that exactly, So
16:34
Speaker 1: like like you're saying, it's it's exported everywhere. Yeah, but
16:37
Speaker 1: let's let's get into the trials in a minute, right
16:40
Speaker 1: after these messages. Okay, welcome back. Do you want to
16:47
Speaker 1: talk about the trials, Chuck. Yeah, we mentioned earlier that
16:50
Speaker 1: you could be accused by anyone anonymously. You didn't have
16:55
Speaker 1: the assistance of a lawyer. Um, you weren't necessarily even
16:59
Speaker 1: in formed of your charges, and you had to testify
17:04
Speaker 1: on your own, behalf you like you were forced to basically. Yeah,
17:09
Speaker 1: and on top of that, you didn't rarely have anyone
17:12
Speaker 1: coming to your defense because you would probably also be
17:15
Speaker 1: wrung up as a heretic. You're kind of on your own.
17:17
Speaker 1: The witnesses, Yeah, their defense. Yeah, character witness here and
17:22
Speaker 1: the guy's going Nope, not me. Yeah, I probably did
17:26
Speaker 1: see him flying around on him room, who knows. And
17:29
Speaker 1: I didn't see anything about this, but it said that
17:31
Speaker 1: fellow heretics could ride out other ones. But I wonder
17:34
Speaker 1: if there was a system of leniency if you've sold
17:37
Speaker 1: people down the river. I think there definitely was. So
17:40
Speaker 1: so let's this is how it happened. From what I understand, Um,
17:43
Speaker 1: there would be news that the parish priest would get
17:47
Speaker 1: that the inquisition was coming, and some inquisitors would come,
17:52
Speaker 1: and I couldn't believe it. But this article failed to
17:54
Speaker 1: mention Thomas the Torquemada, the Grand Inquisitor, like he's not
17:59
Speaker 1: his doesn't appear in this article. It's in It's crazy.
18:02
Speaker 1: But for a while Torqumoda took over from I think
18:07
Speaker 1: Um fourteen eighty three to fo like the chief of
18:12
Speaker 1: the Supreme Court. He's the head guy, and he is
18:15
Speaker 1: um extremely vilified in history. He was a very hated
18:20
Speaker 1: man because he was the face of the Inquisition, of
18:24
Speaker 1: all this torture and and burning at the stake and
18:26
Speaker 1: rooting people out and just a literal witch hunt. Um.
18:31
Speaker 1: But so he's also somewhat defended by history a little
18:35
Speaker 1: bit too. Apparently prior in the two years after the
18:38
Speaker 1: Spanish Inquisition started and when he took over in fourteen
18:43
Speaker 1: eighty three, those two years were very bloody. There was
18:47
Speaker 1: a lot of torture. There were basically no rules. Torqumada
18:50
Speaker 1: came in and established rules, so there were things like,
18:52
Speaker 1: you can't torture anybody for longer than fifteen minutes, a
18:55
Speaker 1: doctor has to be present during torture, and the doctor
18:58
Speaker 1: says call it off, you have to op true. But
19:00
Speaker 1: also if you did do this stuff, you can also
19:03
Speaker 1: get a get off pretty easily, right, Like, if you
19:06
Speaker 1: did torture and you weren't supposed to, it's really not
19:08
Speaker 1: that big of a deal, Like, no one's gonna do
19:09
Speaker 1: anything to you. Well, you could do torture because in
19:13
Speaker 1: twelve uh, I can't remember, maybe twelve eighty three, well,
19:18
Speaker 1: one of the popes issued another papal bull saying, in
19:22
Speaker 1: addition to being able to do an inquisition, you can
19:25
Speaker 1: torture too. That was Pope Innocent the fourth, very appropriate.
19:29
Speaker 1: So you could torture somebody under the auspices of the church,
19:33
Speaker 1: but you weren't supposed to like mangle him or something
19:35
Speaker 1: like that. But yes, there wasn't any punishment for these inquisitors.
19:38
Speaker 1: But Torqumod is the face of the of the inquisition. Um.
19:42
Speaker 1: But there there are some people who say, well, he
19:44
Speaker 1: kind of brought a little bit of order to it,
19:46
Speaker 1: if you, if you can look at it like that. Yeah,
19:48
Speaker 1: And other people say he may have even saved people
19:51
Speaker 1: from you know, uh, gang violence of people basically just
19:54
Speaker 1: running into your house and burning you at the stake,
19:56
Speaker 1: right or from the state because um, there were apparently
20:01
Speaker 1: some just common criminals who upon being captured with blaspheme
20:06
Speaker 1: and then they would be tried by the Inquisition, which
20:09
Speaker 1: is apparently a little more lenient and forgiving. Because consider this, Chuck,
20:15
Speaker 1: this was is as gross as it is, as dark,
20:18
Speaker 1: as despicable as this whole the Inquisition was. It was
20:24
Speaker 1: still at its core a religious exercise, and the whole
20:28
Speaker 1: point from the inquisitor on down, especially these people who
20:31
Speaker 1: were true believers, the whole point was to extract a
20:35
Speaker 1: confession and save the heretic soul. Yeah, it was all
20:39
Speaker 1: about the confession. You couldn't just pronounce someone guilty. It
20:44
Speaker 1: was that was pulled out of them by any means necessary, basically,
20:49
Speaker 1: and only that you had to confess twice. You had
20:51
Speaker 1: to if you confess under torture, you had to further
20:53
Speaker 1: confess under you know, normal light of day, that what
20:57
Speaker 1: you said was in fact true. Right, So the inquisitors
21:00
Speaker 1: would come to town, they would set up shop, they
21:02
Speaker 1: would establish they would say mass, they would tell everybody
21:06
Speaker 1: what was going on, that they were here for an inquisition. Yeah,
21:09
Speaker 1: and they give him a chance, right then, Yeah, there's
21:11
Speaker 1: a forty day grace period and say you can confess
21:13
Speaker 1: your heresy right here, and you won't be tortured. You
21:16
Speaker 1: won't be punished. Um, you might have to do some penance,
21:19
Speaker 1: of course, but you can escape torture for sure, and
21:23
Speaker 1: you have to denounce other heretics. So that was sort
21:27
Speaker 1: of the McCarthy is m if you name names and
21:29
Speaker 1: we'll go easy on you. And so apparently some parish
21:32
Speaker 1: priests would find out that the inquisition was coming and
21:34
Speaker 1: would gather their flock and say, everybody, keep your mouth shut.
21:39
Speaker 1: These guys will leave eventually. Just shut up. And a
21:43
Speaker 1: lot of times these were just like country peasants who
21:46
Speaker 1: had like they knew that they loved Jesus and the
21:49
Speaker 1: Pope was in charge of them. But they also knew
21:52
Speaker 1: that they like needed to get back to their donkey
21:54
Speaker 1: because they hadn't fed it that day and they needed
21:56
Speaker 1: to plow the fields later that afternoon. These weren't like
22:00
Speaker 1: sophisticated people, and these were the the most educated, scholarly
22:07
Speaker 1: people on the planet at the time coming to their town, Yes,
22:11
Speaker 1: coming to their town and interrogating these peasants as to
22:15
Speaker 1: like the nuances of Catholic Orthodoxy. Yeah, they were leading questions,
22:20
Speaker 1: they would confuse them, they would get them rattled. Uh,
22:23
Speaker 1: all just in the name of I guess, taking land
22:27
Speaker 1: and money and assuming power. Right. And that was another
22:30
Speaker 1: thing too that I think we didn't mention, um the
22:32
Speaker 1: Jews in Spain prior to the consolidation of Spain into Spain,
22:38
Speaker 1: where this was the merchant class. They were, um. While
22:42
Speaker 1: there were plenty of peasants who were uneducated, there are
22:46
Speaker 1: also a lot of Jews who were very much educated,
22:49
Speaker 1: who were wealthy. So they did make even more desirable
22:52
Speaker 1: targets under that um that viewpoint that this was all
22:56
Speaker 1: about money and power and land. Like, what better group
22:59
Speaker 1: to target then the wealthy middle class And they did. Yeah,
23:04
Speaker 1: that's a good point and think about that, thanks man.
23:06
Speaker 1: So where were we They weren't clever. They were being
23:10
Speaker 1: uh confused basically, and depending on where you were, like
23:15
Speaker 1: this is this is a country parish that we're talking
23:17
Speaker 1: about right now. Yeah, pumpkins, European pumpkins. They were like
23:22
Speaker 1: saucepans on their heads for hats and overalls with no
23:26
Speaker 1: shirts underneath. Um. So the other thing is is they
23:30
Speaker 1: would be uh they were imprisoned until they got a confession.
23:35
Speaker 1: So it's not like they if they didn't get a
23:37
Speaker 1: confession eventually they would just let them go and shun them.
23:40
Speaker 1: They would hold on to them until they confessed, basically,
23:44
Speaker 1: like that was the only way to get out. And
23:47
Speaker 1: if you died in prison, um to your well, your
23:51
Speaker 1: bones would be you'd be buried, but then your bones
23:54
Speaker 1: would be dug up and cremated and basically scattered like
23:58
Speaker 1: as an insult after death. And little known fact, but
24:02
Speaker 1: in the nineteenth century somebody did this to Torqumata's remains.
24:06
Speaker 1: They dug them up and incinerated what was left of
24:09
Speaker 1: him and like scattered his asses, which I mean if
24:12
Speaker 1: you're if you're high up in the Dominican order. Yeah,
24:16
Speaker 1: if somebody did that to your bones, it's an enormous
24:19
Speaker 1: spiritual stab in the neck, you know. Uh. Okay, so
24:26
Speaker 1: we have been uh had the bull the decree of
24:30
Speaker 1: torture issued, and so they were you know, we've covered
24:35
Speaker 1: this in medieval torture devices, a lot of it. But
24:37
Speaker 1: they would do various things, uh to extract whatever information
24:41
Speaker 1: they wanted. One was called the strapado and that was UM.
24:46
Speaker 1: And this didn't sound too bad to me at first. Well,
24:49
Speaker 1: hold on, let me explain. So at first I read
24:52
Speaker 1: this is your hands. You were hung basically by your
24:56
Speaker 1: arms above your head, which is pretty bad in and
24:59
Speaker 1: of its well, I mean that in the rack. Both
25:01
Speaker 1: sound like early chiropractic care in a way, like it
25:05
Speaker 1: could really work some things out in the lower back.
25:07
Speaker 1: But then I realized that your hands are tied behind
25:10
Speaker 1: your back, and then you were hung from those hands.
25:15
Speaker 1: That's a way different thing than just being hung from
25:16
Speaker 1: your hands. Yeah, because the chances of your your arms
25:20
Speaker 1: coming out of your sockets, yeah, we're pretty good, very high.
25:23
Speaker 1: And there were also additions to this torture that could
25:26
Speaker 1: be UM added, like heavy weights to your legs. You
25:32
Speaker 1: could be jerked downward instead of just hanging there. Yeah, um,
25:36
Speaker 1: just to really kind of help that this location along
25:40
Speaker 1: and make the stripato even more excruciating. They might burn
25:44
Speaker 1: you with hot pokers while you were hanging there. Some
25:47
Speaker 1: screw action. Yep, heavy boots. Yeah, the boot. You didn't
25:51
Speaker 1: want that. You didn't want the boot. We talked about
25:53
Speaker 1: the rack um, which is when you know your hands
25:56
Speaker 1: and feet are tied and you're on these rollers and
26:00
Speaker 1: the metal frame, and they basically just turned those rollers
26:02
Speaker 1: and give you a good stretch, meaning your your limbs
26:05
Speaker 1: would come out of socket, and if they did it
26:07
Speaker 1: too much, they might come completely away from your body.
26:10
Speaker 1: You know what's crazy? I heard or read that there
26:13
Speaker 1: is a there's something going on with a certain species
26:17
Speaker 1: of starfish right now that are they appear to be
26:20
Speaker 1: committing suicide. They're getting some sort of infection and to
26:25
Speaker 1: kill themselves, they their arms crawl in different directions until
26:29
Speaker 1: the middle is ripped apart and they eviscerate themselves. That's awful,
26:35
Speaker 1: but that's going on right now. No one has any
26:36
Speaker 1: idea of what the heck is going on with the
26:38
Speaker 1: starfish or why they're getting this mysterious infection. And then
26:42
Speaker 1: no one knew that starfish committed suicide. And the fact
26:46
Speaker 1: that they know this is pretty remarkable too, that somebody's
26:49
Speaker 1: studying starfish that closely that they have realized this is
26:52
Speaker 1: going on. Well, they were probably watching the first starfish
26:54
Speaker 1: the first time. You're like, let's starfish is really confused.
26:57
Speaker 1: How cute? Oh my god. And then another one does it,
27:00
Speaker 1: and another one You're like, we've got a problem. I
27:03
Speaker 1: need to go write a paper. Uh, nothing's funny about that.
27:07
Speaker 1: I love starfish. I don't know why I'm laughing. So,
27:11
Speaker 1: like you pointed out earlier, mutilation was prohibited supposedly during
27:15
Speaker 1: the torture, but um Alexander the fourth also decreed that
27:19
Speaker 1: you could clear anyone from wrong doing, like we pointed out,
27:23
Speaker 1: So it's even you're not gonna go up on a
27:25
Speaker 1: tribunal for torturing someone as an inquisitor. No, that's not
27:30
Speaker 1: gonna happen. I didn't see anything anywhere in the research
27:33
Speaker 1: where any inquisitor ever got in trouble for anything that
27:36
Speaker 1: was done during the Spanish inquisition. I don't I don't know.
27:39
Speaker 1: It may have happened, but I didn't see anything. So
27:43
Speaker 1: so let's recount real quick. The the inquisition comes to town.
27:47
Speaker 1: It's made up of some inquisitors, their secretaries, their staff.
27:50
Speaker 1: In a banjo player said, they set up shop and um,
27:54
Speaker 1: there's a forty day grace period where they're just hanging out.
27:57
Speaker 1: Anybody who wants to come confess can can fest and
28:00
Speaker 1: be forgiven. I bet that was scary though, Like you
28:02
Speaker 1: don't want to be the first guy to trust that. Yeah, Like,
28:06
Speaker 1: come on confess and people are like you, go do it.
28:09
Speaker 1: I'm sure it'll be fine. Well, apparently like you would
28:12
Speaker 1: wear like a yellow cross on your clothes much like
28:15
Speaker 1: a scarlet letter for a while. As part of your penance,
28:19
Speaker 1: there was there you were forgiven and even after the
28:22
Speaker 1: grace period if you were if you confessed under torture,
28:26
Speaker 1: and then they made you confess again without being under torture,
28:30
Speaker 1: and they took it as a genuine one. You were forgiven.
28:34
Speaker 1: Penance could be rough though, it could be, but it
28:36
Speaker 1: could also not be. Yeah, but like pends on the
28:38
Speaker 1: it was on. It was on the case and it
28:41
Speaker 1: was left up to the inquisitors to use their judgment. True,
28:43
Speaker 1: but some of the some of the penance included like
28:47
Speaker 1: taking all your land, like we said, paying additional fines
28:50
Speaker 1: of money, you might have hard labor for the rest
28:53
Speaker 1: of your life. Um. Sometimes you're exiled completely from your
28:58
Speaker 1: county or from your country. Yeah, so you've got all
29:02
Speaker 1: of this is going on in a little town on
29:05
Speaker 1: the countryside, not necessarily a little town like Bologna, um, Toledo.
29:11
Speaker 1: They saw some some pretty heavy action. And these weren't
29:15
Speaker 1: necessarily back water birds, you know. Um. But the the
29:20
Speaker 1: inquisition would come to town side up a grace period,
29:22
Speaker 1: then the accusations would start to fly. There'll be torture,
29:26
Speaker 1: there'll be confessions, and then there was what are called
29:30
Speaker 1: the auto's de fee, And an auto de fee was
29:32
Speaker 1: a religious ritual fill with a lot of pomp and
29:37
Speaker 1: their circumstances, where the accused and convicted would walk around
29:44
Speaker 1: town in a big procession they have of course, of
29:47
Speaker 1: course they have mass all the time, um, and like
29:51
Speaker 1: everybody would come out for it. It was a huge thing,
29:53
Speaker 1: very much like a public execution in the United States
29:58
Speaker 1: or in in other parts of Europe. But the huge
30:02
Speaker 1: difference was there was never an execution in an auto
30:05
Speaker 1: to face. It was a religious ceremony and they wouldn't
30:09
Speaker 1: it wouldn't have ended in execution. Even if the people
30:12
Speaker 1: who were in the procession who had been convicted had
30:15
Speaker 1: been sentenced to death. It wouldn't take place during an
30:17
Speaker 1: auto to fay. It would take place separately, and in
30:20
Speaker 1: most cases the inquisitors gave that person over to the
30:23
Speaker 1: secular authorities to carry out the execution. Yeah, they didn't
30:26
Speaker 1: execute folks themselves. Um, although they could just abandon you
30:32
Speaker 1: is one way to look at it, where they would
30:34
Speaker 1: just say, kind of say he's a heretic, turn him
30:37
Speaker 1: over to the public. And that's where like you would
30:39
Speaker 1: get burned at the stake, especially if you're a repeat
30:42
Speaker 1: offender like you generally weren't forgiven for that if you
30:46
Speaker 1: messed up more than once. And we talked before, I
30:48
Speaker 1: don't remember what it was in, but burning at the stake.
30:51
Speaker 1: We came across some documentation of what it would like.
30:54
Speaker 1: It took like thirty minutes to die from it at
30:56
Speaker 1: the earliest, up to a couple of hours, depending on
31:00
Speaker 1: if the wind was blowing too much. Like that would
31:03
Speaker 1: be a horrible, horrible way to go. Yeah, was the
31:06
Speaker 1: worst ways to die. No, it was more recent than that,
31:09
Speaker 1: was it? It was? But we'll get to, uh, the
31:13
Speaker 1: fallout from all this stuff because you can't you can't
31:17
Speaker 1: do this to people and not expected to be a
31:19
Speaker 1: fallout over the course of history. Sure, And the Inquisition
31:22
Speaker 1: wasn't just from the fourteen eighty one to fourteen ninety
31:26
Speaker 1: two when the the Decree of Alambre was issued, like,
31:31
Speaker 1: it kept going on until the nineteenth century. Yeah, eighteen
31:34
Speaker 1: thirty four was when the last one in Spain occurred.
31:36
Speaker 1: There was a school teacher who was put to death
31:39
Speaker 1: in eighteen twenty six because he taught Deism to his class.
31:43
Speaker 1: That's the nineteenth century, eighty six, and like, that's not
31:47
Speaker 1: the fifteenth century, that's the nineteenth century. Now, it's not
31:50
Speaker 1: that long ago in the grand scheme of things, you know. Yeah,
31:53
Speaker 1: And in eighteen fifty eight, there's a very famous case
31:55
Speaker 1: of a kid named Edgardo uh more Tara, and he
32:01
Speaker 1: was a Jewish kid raised in a Jewish family who
32:04
Speaker 1: was dying of a fever when he was like seven
32:07
Speaker 1: or something like that, and one of the domestic servants
32:11
Speaker 1: did an emergency baptism on the kid. The church found
32:15
Speaker 1: out about it, came and took him from his family
32:17
Speaker 1: and raised him as a Catholic When was that eighteen
32:21
Speaker 1: fifty eight, So that was even after the last inquisition
32:25
Speaker 1: supposedly when was the win four? Yes, so here's the thing.
32:31
Speaker 1: The Spain said no more inquisition in eighteen thirty four.
32:36
Speaker 1: The Catholic Church still actually has something called the Congregation
32:40
Speaker 1: of the Doctrine of the Faith and renamed it in
32:42
Speaker 1: the sixties sixties. Yeah, so it's still I mean, there's
32:46
Speaker 1: still the concept of the Inquisition as part of the
32:48
Speaker 1: Holy See, which is the Pope's power. But obviously nothing
32:52
Speaker 1: like this was going on these days. Uh So since
32:56
Speaker 1: the aftermath of the Inquisition is pretty controversial because beginning
33:00
Speaker 1: in the fift hundreds of the Protestant Reformation, you had
33:03
Speaker 1: a lot of uh, anti Catholic and anti Spanish sentiment,
33:08
Speaker 1: and a lot of people from the Catholic side these
33:11
Speaker 1: days are saying it was so exaggerated in the aftermath
33:15
Speaker 1: that a very small percentage when we look in our
33:18
Speaker 1: secret archives and our statistics, uh, we're actually killed. Um,
33:23
Speaker 1: I think it was what like point one percent. So
33:26
Speaker 1: I saw I saw something different. I saw um one
33:29
Speaker 1: percent of the hundred and twenty five thousand trials in Spain,
33:34
Speaker 1: Italy and Portugal. And here's the thing, man, I looked
33:36
Speaker 1: at like three or four different sets of numbers, and
33:39
Speaker 1: they're all way different. So you're never gonna we're never
33:43
Speaker 1: gonna know actual, like solid numbers, because if you are
33:47
Speaker 1: anti Catholic, you probably have your one set of numbers,
33:49
Speaker 1: and if you're pro Catholic, you have your set of numbers.
33:52
Speaker 1: You know what I'm saying. But these numbers, that one
33:55
Speaker 1: percent of the hundred twenty five thousand trials um that was,
34:00
Speaker 1: that's based on that secret archive that the um. Yeah,
34:07
Speaker 1: that the thank you that the Vatican opened up under
34:11
Speaker 1: Pope John Paul the second and said, you know what,
34:14
Speaker 1: you guys, come in here, you scholars, root around and
34:18
Speaker 1: give us a full report on the inquisition and let's
34:21
Speaker 1: see you know what's what. And he apologized when he
34:24
Speaker 1: announced that, and then he apologized in two thousand four
34:27
Speaker 1: when they issued the report finally. And that's where that
34:30
Speaker 1: one percent of the hundred and twenty five thousand came from. Yeah,
34:33
Speaker 1: and that's how blog opinion pieces from two thousand four
34:37
Speaker 1: where some people are like, you, we shouldn't be apologizing
34:40
Speaker 1: for this again, like it was really inflated numbers and
34:45
Speaker 1: it wasn't as bad as people say. Well, again, that's
34:47
Speaker 1: the the pro Catholic uh side. Yeah, not pro inquisition necessarily,
34:53
Speaker 1: but the Catholic defenders. I think it is a better
34:55
Speaker 1: way to say. Yeah. I think they're probably also pointing
34:57
Speaker 1: out like, yeah, this is mostly Spain and it was
35:00
Speaker 1: mostly the monarchy and most of these executions were carried
35:03
Speaker 1: out by the Spanish state rather than the inquisition. Yeah.
35:06
Speaker 1: It's kind of tricky wording, now, you know it is.
35:08
Speaker 1: I mean, the the pope was definitely involved. He gave
35:12
Speaker 1: his blessing at the time to Ferdinand and Isabella to
35:15
Speaker 1: carry this out, even though he came to regret it later.
35:17
Speaker 1: But they were saying that he came to regret it
35:19
Speaker 1: because he gave away so much power, because they said,
35:22
Speaker 1: can we have an inquisition here in Spain? And he said,
35:26
Speaker 1: I don't know, And they said, hey, you know those
35:27
Speaker 1: Spanish troops that are protecting you from Turkey right now
35:30
Speaker 1: in Rome, how about we recall them home? And he said, yeah,
35:33
Speaker 1: why don't you have an inquisition? Yeah? Uh, And by
35:36
Speaker 1: the way, you don't have to answer to me, just
35:37
Speaker 1: go ahead and have your inquisition. And years later he's like, man,
35:41
Speaker 1: that was probably not a good idea because Pope John
35:43
Speaker 1: Paul the Second is going to have to apologize twice
35:46
Speaker 1: for this right. And Plus what's the difference in executing
35:50
Speaker 1: someone yourself at the end of a tribunal and saying, well,
35:53
Speaker 1: we're not gonna do it, but if someone else happened
35:56
Speaker 1: to after we set them into the street, it's not
35:59
Speaker 1: you know, on our wives and even like set them
36:01
Speaker 1: into the street like they're being killed because we tried
36:04
Speaker 1: them because they weren't Catholic enough. So but yes, I
36:08
Speaker 1: think it is. This is a really great illustration of
36:13
Speaker 1: the history is never black and white, and it can
36:16
Speaker 1: very easily become conflated, and even still today, like we
36:18
Speaker 1: don't necessarily know what happened, and even if we do
36:23
Speaker 1: know what happened from this symposium on the Inquisition, not
36:27
Speaker 1: everybody believes it. You know. Yeah, well we got some
36:30
Speaker 1: good comedy out of it from mel Brooks and Monty Python.
36:32
Speaker 1: Years later we shared a tragedy. Plus time. Uh, let's see,
36:37
Speaker 1: you got anything else I do not, sir. If you
36:39
Speaker 1: want to learn more about the Inquisition, you can type
36:42
Speaker 1: that word and the search part how stuff works dot
36:44
Speaker 1: com and it will bring up this article. And since
36:47
Speaker 1: you said search part, get this everybody. It's time for
37:00
Speaker 1: all right. So, as most of you know, this is
37:02
Speaker 1: a time when we thank people for sending us nice things,
37:06
Speaker 1: from records and books to Christmas cards and cookies. Uh uh,
37:10
Speaker 1: So let's get this going here. I've got some CDs
37:14
Speaker 1: for you and vinyl albums. Even Baby in the Nobody
37:18
Speaker 1: sent us shirts and c ds and Nostrin. Our buddy,
37:22
Speaker 1: Gentry Kalelo sent us a vinyl LP and some T
37:26
Speaker 1: shirts for her band Land of Vandals. Nice. Yeah, we
37:29
Speaker 1: got those good stuff. Matt Rob from the School on
37:33
Speaker 1: Wheels Team sent it's a nice Christmas card. Thank you
37:36
Speaker 1: for that. Yeah. And Central on Christmas cards Amy that
37:40
Speaker 1: is with an I. E. Meyer from Sellersburg, Indiana sent
37:44
Speaker 1: us a nice Christmas card. Yeah. And are we saying
37:46
Speaker 1: Matt Rob or Rab two ways? I called them Matt
37:50
Speaker 1: Broccoli Rob in mind, so I'm gonna say Rob. Stacy
37:55
Speaker 1: Wabell sent us some children's books Rudy's Incredible Kidney Machine
37:59
Speaker 1: and Rudy gets a trans plant. So there's a children's
38:01
Speaker 1: book for everything, and this one covers kidney transpense. Is awesome.
38:05
Speaker 1: Our pals at co ed the Cooperative for Education who
38:09
Speaker 1: helped fund education for kids in Guatemala, who were very
38:12
Speaker 1: fond of They send us a nice Christmas cards, so
38:14
Speaker 1: thanks guys. We got some knit socks from Jennifer Beaver
38:18
Speaker 1: that are very warm and colorful. Whatch I know you like?
38:22
Speaker 1: We got a Christmas card from Heather from Montana, Thank you.
38:26
Speaker 1: I got a postcard from Susannah Danner, Thank you for that.
38:29
Speaker 1: Lauren Coyne also sent us a Christmas card. Um, and
38:32
Speaker 1: you can watch my Dessert Junkie on YouTube and that's
38:36
Speaker 1: our YouTube show. Um. We got three not one, not two,
38:40
Speaker 1: but three volumes of short documentaries from Robin Canfield from
38:43
Speaker 1: Actuality Media, which supports a documentary study Abroad program which
38:48
Speaker 1: is pretty awesome, So all of you documentarians out there
38:51
Speaker 1: check that out. Actuality Media very cool. Thank you Charles
38:55
Speaker 1: Shell for sending us custom stuff you should know necklace. Yeah,
39:00
Speaker 1: Ashley Murphy for the Japanese hero masks and the nice
39:03
Speaker 1: letter that she sent. Yeah, that was nice. Those are great. Uh.
39:06
Speaker 1: Thank you very much to Mona Collantine and Grandma Colling
39:09
Speaker 1: Teine in the whole Collantine family for sending us the
39:12
Speaker 1: big old tin of Christmas cookies again this year. Thank
39:15
Speaker 1: you Ramona. She's one of our local fans and she's awesome.
39:20
Speaker 1: Although her boyfriend I don't think helps and Nathan unless
39:23
Speaker 1: you make cookies for us, I won't mention you again.
39:27
Speaker 1: Although he might have helped Katherine Harmon the Courage send
39:30
Speaker 1: the book Octopus and that's with an exclamation point because
39:34
Speaker 1: she knows that we love the Octopus. Yes, and our
39:37
Speaker 1: buddy Aaron a c ZZ Cooper Cooper, who again this
39:42
Speaker 1: year took some of his best images of us photoshopped
39:45
Speaker 1: into weird situations uh and made hard posters for us,
39:50
Speaker 1: which are awesome, So thanks Coop. We appreciate them. As always.
39:53
Speaker 1: You're the best. Uncle John's Bathroom Reader they always send
39:57
Speaker 1: us great stuff, your friends. They sent us the book's
39:59
Speaker 1: Weird Inventions in Weird Canada and if you're Canadian you
40:02
Speaker 1: need to get Weird Canada and if you're not Canadian,
40:05
Speaker 1: you should get into They sent us a couple other
40:07
Speaker 1: ones too that I got. Yeah. Yeah. You can follow
40:10
Speaker 1: them on Twitter, go to their website Uncle John's Bathroom Readers.
40:13
Speaker 1: They are wonderful. Mark Palm of Vancouver, BC sen it's
40:17
Speaker 1: a seven inch of his band super Crush. It's pretty great.
40:21
Speaker 1: Seven inches a record by the way, for those of
40:22
Speaker 1: you not in the know. Uh. We got two albums
40:25
Speaker 1: from Ghosts of Sailors at See. We got the Skeleton
40:29
Speaker 1: Coast and a single, so thanks for that. Nicole Wingett
40:34
Speaker 1: send us wristbands from her Obstacle Course racing team, the
40:37
Speaker 1: corn Fed Spartans. Uh, let's see. Vivian Chin in Korea
40:41
Speaker 1: sent us Shawley's Fantasy two thousand fourteen calendars. Some K
40:46
Speaker 1: pop anime. Oh yeah, I remember that stuff. Paul sent
40:50
Speaker 1: us a lot of German cookies, like so many that
40:54
Speaker 1: the entire office couldn't need them all. Uh. And the
40:56
Speaker 1: DVD Michael Moore Hates America we got. Also got some
41:00
Speaker 1: sweet treats from Renee. Uh. Chavez Chaves, C H A
41:05
Speaker 1: V E. S. Javes. I'm gonna say Chavis all right.
41:10
Speaker 1: Rachel Ray Rose of Rose Sign Language Interpreting Company send
41:15
Speaker 1: us some homemade grape jelly and Pence. Oh yeah, I
41:17
Speaker 1: had someone that the other day. Delicious. Yes, Bob Partridge,
41:20
Speaker 1: Tennis and Alan Turing postcard from the London Science Museum.
41:24
Speaker 1: So that was on point and pretty cool. Yeah. I
41:27
Speaker 1: got a couple more you got some more. I have
41:29
Speaker 1: one more, so you go ahead. Hillary Lozar super fan
41:32
Speaker 1: sinn Us Flathead Lake cheese. Yeah, and by the way,
41:35
Speaker 1: I've since eaten all of it since the last time
41:38
Speaker 1: we mentioned it on the podcast. It was awesome. She
41:41
Speaker 1: also sent, uh, you mean Emily some earrings, which is
41:43
Speaker 1: very nice. Yes, it was nice. Um. And then Marcus
41:47
Speaker 1: who sent us popping shots. Thanks for those. Yeah, yeah,
41:50
Speaker 1: you can check those out online. And my last one,
41:53
Speaker 1: Debbie from hammer Press sent us a goodie bag. They
41:56
Speaker 1: are a letter press and design company from Kansas City, Missouri,
42:00
Speaker 1: and she sent us all sorts of cool cool stuff
42:02
Speaker 1: like hand printed cards and like cool pencils and erasers
42:06
Speaker 1: and uh so support hammer Press and letter press designers.
42:09
Speaker 1: It's a pretty cool thing for sure. So thanks everybody.
42:12
Speaker 1: Thanks everybody, We appreciate it. Merry Christmas, Happy Holidays to you,
42:16
Speaker 1: and uh thanks the other three d and sixty four
42:19
Speaker 1: days of the year for all of the nice gifts. Uh.
42:22
Speaker 1: If you want to get in touch with me and
42:24
Speaker 1: Chuck to talk to us to send us a gift
42:27
Speaker 1: for whatever reason, you can tweet to us at s
42:29
Speaker 1: Y s K podcast. You can join us on Facebook
42:32
Speaker 1: dot com. Slash stuff you Should Know. You can send
42:34
Speaker 1: us an email to Stuff Podcast at Discovery dot com,
42:38
Speaker 1: and as always, you can hang out with us at
42:40
Speaker 1: our cute little home on the web. Stuff you Should
42:42
Speaker 1: Know dot com for more on this and thousands of
42:51
Speaker 1: other topics. Because it how stuff works dot com with
43:01
Speaker 1: over a hundred thousand titles to choose from. Audible dot Com,
43:03
Speaker 1: as a leading provider of downloadable digital audio books and
43:06
Speaker 1: spoken word entertainment. Go to Audible podcast dot com slash
43:10
Speaker 1: no stuff k n o w S t u f
43:13
Speaker 1: F to get a free audio book download of your
43:16
Speaker 1: choice when you sign up today.