Latest / 1001 Questions and Answers on General History / Rome

Transcript

Rome · 1001 Questions and Answers on General History

0:00
Chapter seven of one thousand and one Questions and Answers on General History. This
0:06
is a LibriVox recording. All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain. For
0:12
more information or to volunteer, please visit LibriVox dot org. One thousand one
0:17
Questions and Answers on General History by Benjamin Hathaway Rome. One Where is Italy
0:28
It is the central one of three great peninsulas that extend from the south of
0:33
Europe into the Mediterranean Sea. Two What is the size of the peninsula?
0:41
Length seven hundred miles, with on the north three hundred and fifty miles and
0:46
in the south one hundred miles from smith Three What sea bounds Italy on the
0:53
east the Adriatic called by the Romans mare superum. What was northern Italy called
1:02
by the Romans Gallia Cisalpina. Five Why so called? It meant the country
1:10
inhabited by Gauls on this side of the Alps. Six? In how many
1:15
classes are the early inhabitants divided into three great classes, Italians, Epigians,
1:23
and Etruscans. Seven What did the Italians inhabit the central part of Italy?
1:32
Eight? Into what two branches were the Italians divided Latins and Umbro Sabellians.
1:41
Nine What seems to have been the origin of the Italians. It is evident
1:46
that they are related to the Greeks, and at some remote period emigrated from
1:49
the east. Ten Where did the Eepegians dwell in the extreme southeastern part of
1:57
Italy? Eleven? Who were they supposed to be the original inhabitants of Italy
2:04
who were driven to the south by the newcomers from the east? This from
2:07
Smith? Twelve Where did the Etruscans dwell in the northern part of Italy between
2:15
the Arno and the Tiber a league of twelve cities? These people were great
2:20
builders and skilled in the arts. Thirteen Besides these three races who well settled
2:27
in Italy in ancient times? Greek colonists and Gauls from the north Fourteen What
2:34
general name finally included all the inhabitants of Italy Romans? Fifteen? When does
2:42
trustworthy history of Rome begin? About the year two hundred and eighty one b
2:46
c. Sixteen? Why no earlier than this? About this time the Gauls
2:53
sacked the city and destroyed the records, And it was five hundred years after
2:58
the founding of the city before the first rude attempt was made to write a
3:01
continuous narrative of its origin Seventeen When was Rome founded? And where seven fifty
3:10
three b c. On the River Tiber fifteen miles from its mouth? Eighteen
3:16
What did the Romans accept as the early history of Rome? A series of
3:22
legends? Nineteen What is the legend of the birth of the founder of Rome?
3:29
Romulus and his twin brother Remus, children of the vestal virgin Ray,
3:34
Sylvia, and the god Mars, were thrown into the Tiber. They were
3:38
cast ashore at the foot of Mount Palatine, nursed by a wolf, and
3:43
finally rescued by a shepherd and brought up by him. Twenty What is the
3:47
legend of the founding of Rome? When the brothers were grown, they determined
3:52
to build a city near the spot where they had been so wonderfully preserved.
3:58
Romulus desired to build on the Platon Hill, and Remus on the Aventine.
4:02
The dispute was decided in favor of Romulus by the aid of the shepherds,
4:08
and he called the new city Rome after his own name, and became its
4:12
first king. Twenty one What became of Remus. He was slain by Romulus
4:18
for jumping over the mud wall of the city. In scorn, Romulus exclaimed,
4:23
as he slew him, so perish every one who may try to leap
4:27
over these ramparts. Twenty two. How did Romulus obtain inhabitants for the city
4:33
by making Rome an asylum for murderous slaves and thieves? Twenty three? How
4:40
were women obtained for the city by kidnapping the Latin at Tsavoon virgins? Twenty
4:46
four. What is the real history of the founding of Rome as received by
4:51
the best critics. It was founded by Latins as an outpost against the Etruscans,
4:57
whom they greatly feared. Twenty five. What was its probable size at
5:02
an early date? It contained about one thousand miserable thatched huts surrounded by a
5:09
wall. Twenty six. What were the inhabitants? Most of them were shepherds
5:15
or farmers who tilled the land upon the plain near by, but lived for
5:18
protection within the fortifications on the Palatine Hill Twenty seven. What was the early
5:26
government? It was aristocratic. It had a king, a senate, and
5:30
an assembly. Each family was represented in the Senate by its head twenty eight.
5:36
What was the influence of the Senate? It was from the beginning the
5:41
soul of the city and shaped the public life of Rome throughout its entire history.
5:46
Twenty nine What was the Saban invasion and League? The Sabines, a
5:53
neighboring tribe, captured the Capitalan and Quirinal Hills. After frequent conflicts, they
5:59
came into alliance and formed one city. Thirty What are the people of the
6:04
two tribes called Romans and Quirrites? Thirty one? What were their rites?
6:12
Both had seats in the Senate, and the king was taken alternately from each
6:16
thirty two. Who was the first Sabon king? Numa Pompilius, the successor
6:25
of Romulus Thirty three? What is said of his reign? It was prosperous.
6:30
He built the Temple of Janus and established religious institutions thirty four. Who
6:38
seceded Pompilius Tullus Hostilius six seventy three to six forty one b c. Thirty
6:47
five. What may be said of his reign? It was as warlike as
6:53
Numa's reign had been peaceful. His most memorable act was the destruction of Alba
6:58
Longa Thirty six what was done to the people of Alba Longa. They were
7:04
taken to Rome and located on the Kalian Hill. The Albans and Romans now
7:10
became one nation, as the Sabines and Romans had in the days of Romulus
7:16
thirty seven. Who seceeded Hostilius Ankis Marcius six forty one to six sixteen b
7:25
c. Thirty eight? What may be said of his reign? He conquered
7:30
many Latin cities and brought the inhabitants to Rome, giving them homes on the
7:35
Aventine Hill thirty nine? Who now conquered Rome? The Etruscans forty What were
7:45
their characteristics? They were builders as well as founders. They adorned Rome with
7:49
elegant edifices of Etruscan architecture, and extended around the city a stone wall which
7:57
lasted eight centuries forty x one. Whom did they place on the throne?
8:03
Tarkinius Priestcus forty two? How was his reign distinguished by great exploits in war
8:11
and great works in peace? Forty three? What improvements did he make?
8:16
Built the great sewers of the city, many of which still remain. He
8:20
also planned the great race course Circus Maximus and its games forty four? How
8:28
did Tarquinius come to his death? Was assassinated by jealous enemies forty five?
8:35
Who seceeded him? Serpheus Tullius five seventy eight two five thirty four BC.
8:43
Forty six? What may be said of his reign? It was very peaceful
8:50
forty seven. What great thing did he do? Reform the constitution and laws?
8:56
Forty eight? What other great work did he do? Extended the walls
9:01
of the city until Rome sat on seven hills forty nine named the seven hills
9:07
included in the Serbian wall Palatine, Aventine, Capitoline, Klian, Quirinal,
9:16
Vimenol, and Escalin. Fifty Who were the two gray classes at Rome?
9:24
The patricians and plebeians fifty one which was the ruling class? The patricians fifty
9:33
two who were they? The descendants of the first settlers. They were rich,
9:37
proud and exclusive, and demanded all the offices of government. Fifty three
9:43
Who were the plebeians the newer families. They were generally poor, forbidden the
9:50
right of citizenship, and not allowed to intermarry with the patricians. Fifty four
9:56
How did the patricians treat them? The Plebeians were obliged to serve in the
10:01
army without pay, and were thus forced to borrow money of the patricians.
10:05
They failed in their payments, they were sold as slaves by their creditors.
10:09
Fifty five Which class did Servius help the plebeians? Fifty six How did he
10:18
classify the Romans? He divided them into five classes based on property instead of
10:24
birth, and these into one hundred and ninety three centuries or companies. The
10:28
people were directed to assemble by centuries either to fight or to vote, and
10:33
to the new centurion. Assembly was given the right of selecting the king and
10:39
enacting the laws. Fifty seven How did Servius come to his death? He
10:45
was murdered by one of his sons in law fifty eight who succeeded him his
10:52
son in law and murderer, Lucius Tarquinius Superbus Fifty nine. What was the
10:58
character of the reign of Tarquin the Proud? It was very tyrannical. It
11:03
lasted from five point thirty four to five to ten BC. Sixty What effect
11:11
did such reigning have on the people? They became very much dissatisfied with kings
11:16
for rulers sixty one. What was the final result, they threw off the
11:22
kingly government, and the tyrant Lucius, or Tarquin, as he was called,
11:28
was forced in exile sixty two. What did Tarquin attempt to regain the
11:35
throne by arms? Sixty three? What did the Romans do in this emergency?
11:41
They appointed a dictator who should possess absolute power for six months. A
11:46
great battle was fought at Lake Rigillius, in which the Romans were victorious,
11:50
and Tarquin gave up his attempt in despair. Sixty four. What may be
11:56
said of Rome for the next one hundred and fifty years? It was a
12:01
period of civil wars and internal struggles? Sixty five What action did the Plebeians
12:07
take about four ninety four b c. Their condition becoming unbearable, they departed
12:13
in a body to the Sacred Mount, leaving the city to the patricians.
12:20
Sixty six. How did the patricians compromise by canceling the Plebeian debt and by
12:26
assenting to the appointment of two magistrates called tribunes, to be chosen from the
12:31
ranks of the people. Sixty seven What power was given the tribunes? They
12:37
could annul any law passed by the Senate considered injurious to the Plebeians by pronouncing
12:43
the word veto I forbid sixty eight. What was the next measure of relief
12:50
granted the Plebeians the agrarian laws from agir a Field sixty nine? What did
12:58
they ordain that part of the public or conquered land should be divided among the
13:03
poorer people? Seventy What change took place next the decemvirette was appointed seventy one?
13:13
What was the decemvirett ten men appointed to have control of the laws?
13:18
Seventy two? How long did this last? For? Two years? Then
13:24
the Senate, finding laws favorable to the Plebeians, forced the decemvirs to resign
13:31
seventy three. What remained as the result of the decemviral legislation the celebrated Code
13:39
of the Twelve Tables. These laws were engraved on blocks of brass or ivory
13:45
and hung up in the forum where all could read them. Seventy four.
13:50
What kind of government followed the decembret Two councils were elected in place of the
13:56
decemberette seventy five? God, what was the state of the Plebeian power in
14:03
spite of great odds, it was continually increasing, and by three hundred BC
14:09
Rome possessed a democratic government seventy six? What took place three ninety BC the
14:16
Gauls crossed the mountains and started for Rome seventy seven? By what other name
14:22
were the Galls known the Celts? Seventy eight? What did they inhabit Gaull
14:30
the British Isles and Italy north of the Pole River seventy nine? What did
14:35
the Gaulls do with Rome? Laid the city in ashes? Eighty What spite
14:41
had the Galls against Rome? Rome had fought against the Gauls in the Battle
14:46
of Occlusium eighty one? What was the battle cry of the Gauls on to
14:52
Rome? Eighty two? What is the tradition of the siege of the capital?
15:00
A citadel being built on a steep and lofty rock held out for seven
15:03
months? At one time the Gauls, having discovered a narrow path up the
15:07
cliff, had nearly reached the summit of the night when the sacred geese kept
15:11
in the Temple of Juno, began allowed cackling, which awoke the garrison.
15:18
Marcus Manlius, the Roman commander aroused by the noise, rushed out, saw
15:22
the peril and dashed the foremost gall over the precipice Eighty three. How were
15:28
the Gauls persuaded to leave the city by the Romans paying a large sum of
15:33
gold eighty four? What did the Romans now do? They partially rebuilt the
15:41
city, but with great irregularity eighty five. Who was the Roman leader at
15:46
this time Camillus, who led them in several successful attacks against the Gauls?
15:54
Eighty six What was the domestic condition of Rome? A great many poor people
16:00
suffered on account of the expense of rebuilding their homes. Eighty seven. What
16:06
was the law of debtor and creditor? Those who could not pay their debts
16:10
were carried away into bondage eighty eight? How was the domestic trouble settled by
16:17
a revision of the laws? The people at last became united and were ready
16:22
to commence conquering their neighbors. Eighty nine. Whom did they conquer first?
16:27
After three Samnite wars which occupied half a century with brief intervals, Samnia became
16:34
a subject ally and Rome was mistress of Central Italy. Ninety What was the
16:41
next great struggle of Rome the war with Pyrus, the King of Epirus,
16:48
the greatest general of his age. He assisted the Greek colonists in the southern
16:52
part of Italy, against whom the Romans had declared war ninety one What romantic
16:59
inns incident is told of one of the battles of this war. When Pyrus
17:03
looked upon the Roman dead, all of whom appeared to have fallen in their
17:07
ranks, with their faces turned toward the enemy, he exclaimed, If I
17:11
had such soldiers as these, how easily I could conquer the world? Ninety
17:18
two? What was the result of this war? Pyrus was defeated, and,
17:22
having lost nearly all of his army, returned to Iparus. The Greek
17:27
colonies, deprived of his help, were a subjugated in rapid secession. Ninety
17:33
three What was now the extent of Roman power? Rome was now mistress of
17:40
peninsular Italy. Ninety four Where did Rome now turn her attention to Carthage,
17:47
the great rival republic, one of the wealthiest cities of the world? Ninety
17:52
five? Where was Carthage on the African coast of the Mediterranean? Ninety six?
18:00
Where was the first battlefield the island of Sicily south of Italy ninety seven.
18:07
How long did the First Punic War last? Twenty four years two sixty
18:12
four through two forty one b C. Ninety eight. What was the result?
18:19
Carthage surrendered sicily, gave up all prisoners and paid four million dollars ninety
18:26
nine. Who was the great Carthaginian general Hamilcar? One hundred? How many
18:33
Punic wars were fought? Three, extending over a period of eighty years.
18:40
They finally ended in one forty six b C. One O one. Who
18:45
made the invasion of Italy during these wars Hannibal, the son of Hamilcar.
18:51
He crossed the Alps with an army of one hundred thousand men, cutting new
18:55
roads through the solid rock one O two. Who was the Roman leader and
19:00
the Punic wars Scipio Africanus one O three. What was the result of these
19:07
wars? Carthage, which had lasted over seven hundred years and numbered seven hundred
19:12
thousand inhabitants, was utterly wasted and her territory became a Roman province one O
19:19
four. What was the condition of Rome at this time? She now owned
19:25
at least ten foreign dominions and was mistress of the civilized world. One O
19:30
five. What was the effect of these conquests? Rome was inhabited by a
19:36
motley population from all lands, and the Roman race itself was fast becoming extinct.
19:42
Patriotism was a forgotten virtue, and the soldier fought for plunder and glory.
19:48
Though the nobles grew very rich, the curse of poverty ate deeper into
19:52
the state, and the moral nature of the nation lost its vigor. One
19:56
O six. What great danger next threatened Rome? The barbarians had been collecting
20:03
north of the Alps and were moving south half a million strong. Six different
20:07
Roman armies tried in vain to stay their advance. One O seven. What
20:12
was the result of their invasion? They were totally defeated by the Romans under
20:18
Marius, and he was hailed as the savior of the country. One O
20:22
eight. What may be said of Rome For the next few years? Social
20:26
and civil wars reigned almost continually one O nine. Who were the leaders in
20:32
the civil war? Sula who stood at the head of the Roman aristocracy in
20:37
Marius the chief of the democracy? One ten. What foreign monarch also carried
20:44
on war with Rome? Mithridates, king of Pontus, maintained a struggle with
20:49
the Romans for twenty five years. One eleven, who finally defeated him.
20:56
POMPEII, who also reduced Syria, Phoenicia, and Palestine, and in ninety
21:00
days cleared the Mediterranean of the pirates that infested it. One twelve. When
21:07
was Julius Caesar born in the year one hundred b c. One thirteen?
21:15
What other great men were born about the same time as Caesar, Pompey one
21:19
o six b C. And Cicero the same year? One fourteen? What
21:26
may be said of Cicero? He was the greatest of Roman orators? One
21:30
fifteen who formed a great conspiracy in Rome? About this time Catalan, who
21:37
was defeated for council. A profligate young nobleman, he formed a plot to
21:42
murder the council, fire the city, and overthrow the government. One sixteen,
21:49
who delivered a speech against Catalan Cicero. The speech is considered a masterpiece
21:55
of impassioned rhetoric and is still studied by every Latin scholar. One seventeen.
22:02
What became of Catalan? He fell in a struggle for his capture after he
22:07
had been convicted of treason In the year sixty two b c. One eighteen.
22:14
What was the triumphiate? The chief men of Rome, Pompey, Crassus,
22:19
and Caesar formed a league known as the First Triumpherate. By the sport
22:25
of his two powerful confederates, Caesar obtained the councilship one nineteen when Caesar was
22:32
elected council What did he do? Set out to conquer Gaul, carrying the
22:36
Roman arms into Germany for the first time. He twice invaded Britain in Ireland
22:41
until then unknown in Italy except by name. One? When did civil war
22:48
again break out in Rome? And between whom in the year forty nine b
22:52
c. Between the friends of Caesar and those of Pompeii. Caesar once marched
22:56
upon Rome and in sixty days was massster of Italy one twenty one. What
23:03
was the result? A total defeat of Pompey's army took place on the plain
23:07
of Varsalia one twenty two. What became of Pompeii? He was beheaded in
23:15
Egypt, where he had taken refuge one twenty three. What was the cause
23:22
of Caesar's famous dispatch? He marched into Syria and humbled Pharnaces, the son
23:29
of meth Ritades so quickly that he wrote home, veni vide vice I came
23:36
i saw I conquered one twenty four. Who now became the great ruler of
23:41
Rome Julius Caesar. He was created dictator for ten years and censor for three,
23:48
and his statue was placed in the capitol opposite to that of Jupiter.
23:53
One twenty five. What civil act did he do? Revised the calendar and
23:59
several laws one twenty six. What is said of his government? Order and
24:06
justice sprang into new life under his administration one twenty seven. In the meantime,
24:11
what happened? A great conspiracy was formed against his life by a large
24:17
body of nobles one twenty eight. Who were some noted ones in the conspiracy
24:22
Brutus and Cassius, the former his most intimate friend. One twenty nine.
24:30
What was the result of the conspiracy? Julius Caesar was assassinated on the fifteenth
24:36
of March forty four b c. In the Senate one thirty What reason was
24:41
given for his assassination? It was said he meditated making himself king, and
24:48
Brutus was probably sincere in this belief, But the others seemed to have been
24:52
actuated by feelings of envy rather than of patriotism one thirty one. What was
25:00
Caesar's character? He was the greatest man Rome ever produced. He was not
25:04
only an able general and a consummate statesman and politician, but a splendid orator,
25:11
a fine scholar, and an elegant writer. One thirty two. What
25:17
was his great crime? Having acquired power, he did not know how to
25:21
lay it down, preferring to retain it, although in so doing he destroyed
25:26
the liberties of his country one thirty three. What did he virtually become?
25:33
The first emperor of the Roman Empire? One thirty four? Who now ruled
25:38
affairs in Rome? Mark Antony? The Council one thirty five? Who made
25:45
orations against Antony? Cicero, who denounced him in fiery oration styled an imitation
25:52
of Demosthenes the Philippis one thirty six. What became of Cicero? He was
26:00
killed by Antony's friends one thirty seven. Who was next chosen Council Octavius,
26:07
a youth of nineteen, the great nephew and heir of Caesar one thirty eight.
26:14
What form of government followed? A second trumferant was formed between Antony,
26:19
Octavius, and Lipidus one thirty nine. What did this trumferant do? They
26:26
met Brutus and Cassius, the leaders of the conspiracy against Caesar, on the
26:32
field of Philippi, and a battle was fought in which the latter were defeated.
26:37
One forty How was the power of portion? Octavius and Antony divided the
26:42
empire between them, and Lepidus received Africa one forty one. What became of
26:49
Antony? He was ensnared by a Cleopatra of Egypt, gave up Rome,
26:55
and, after being defeated by Octavius in a naval battle at Actium, stabbed
27:00
himself one forty two. What was the result? Egypt became a Roman province
27:07
in Caesar Octavius was the master of the civilized world one forty three. What
27:14
title did he receive after his return to Italy? Augustus by which name he
27:18
is known in history? One forty four. When did he die? August
27:25
nineteenth fourteen A d at the age of twenty six years. The Senate decreed
27:30
that divine honors should be given him, and temples were erected for his worship.
27:34
The month of August was named for him. One forty five. What
27:41
was the period of his reign called This period from thirty one BC to fourteen
27:45
a d. Was called the Augustine Age, and was one of peace and
27:49
prosperity. One forty six. What did he do for Rome? He beautified
27:56
Rome, say that he could truly boast? He found the city brick and
28:00
left it of marble one forty seven. Who was the wickedest ruler Neer the
28:07
second? Fifty four a d To sixty eight a d. One forty eight.
28:12
What great crimes was he guilty of the burning of Rome and the murder
28:18
of his wife and mother? One forty nine? Why did he burn the
28:22
city in order that he might blame the Christians and then have a pretense for
28:27
their persecution? One fifty What great man is supposed to have been put to
28:33
death in this persecution? The apostle Paul, who must have been at Rome
28:38
at this time? One fifty one. When was the Roman Empire divided in
28:45
three ninety five a d. Into an Eastern and Western empire? One fifty
28:52
two How long did they last? The Eastern Empire lasted at Constantinople for one
28:57
thousand years, but Rome, the capital of the Western Empire, soon passed
29:03
into the hands of the barbarians one fifty three. How is the fifth century
29:08
known as the era of the great migrations one fifty four. What were they
29:17
the different tribes of Europe board south and west with irresistible fury seeking new homes
29:22
in the crumbling Roman Empire? One fifty five. Who were the three great
29:29
Barbaric leaders Alaric the Goth, Attila the hun and Genseric the Vandal one fifty
29:37
six. What took place for seventy six a d. The fall of the
29:42
Roman Empire? The scepter, crown, and robe of the king were sent
29:47
by the Senate to Constantinople at the command of the German chief Oedessser one fifty
29:52
seven. What illustrious Latin writers lived in the last century b. C.
29:59
Virgil, trus Cicero, Livy, and Sallust One fifty eight. How did
30:04
the Romans regard education very highly? As early as four fifty b C.
30:11
Rome had elementary schools where boys and girls were taught reading, writing, arithmetic
30:17
and music. One fifty nine. What is said of the Romans as builders
30:22
in military roads, bridges, aqueducts, and harbors they display great genius one
30:30
sixty What road leading from Rome is famous for its beauty. The Appian Way,
30:36
its foundations were laid by Appius Claudius three twelve b c. One sixty
30:42
one. What is said of the Roman bridges and viaducts? They are among
30:48
the most remarkable monuments of antiquity. The Romans applied the arts to the construction
30:53
of massive stone bridges and valleys liable to inundation were spanned by viaducts resting on
31:00
solid arches one sixty two. What other buildings were constructed on a grand scale?
31:08
Triumphal arches, amphitheaters, public baths and tombs? One sixty three.
31:15
What are some of the most famous ruins of Rome? The Forum, the
31:19
arch of Titus, Arch of Constantine, the Colosseum and Baths of Caracalla.
31:26
The latter contained sixteen hundred rooms adorned with painting and sculpture. One sixty four.
31:34
What was the religion of the Romans? A worship of the powers of
31:38
nature, which degenerated into image worship one sixty five. What were the principal
31:45
public ceremonies of their religion? Worship at the shrine of Vesta, the Goddess
31:52
of Home, and offering to the lares and pennetes the household gods. One
32:00
What were their public festivals, the Saturnalia and gladiatorial shows? One sixty seven.
32:08
What was the Saturnalia? A festival occurring in December and lasting seven days
32:15
in memory of the free and happy rule of ancient Saturn. Was time of
32:20
general mirth and feasting. Wars were forgotten, Criminals had certain privileges, and
32:25
slaves were permitted to jest with their masters and were waited upon them at table
32:31
one sixty eight. What is said of the Roman laws in the sixth century
32:37
a d. They were condensed into a code which is still the basis of
32:43
the civil law of Europe one sixty nine. What period is called the Dark
32:49
Ages? These six centuries following the fall of Rome for seventy six a d.
32:55
One seventy What change finally took place in the barbaric tribes that settled in
33:01
Roman territory? They were converted to Christianity one seventy one. What did this
33:09
do for Rome? The people, who until the overthrow of the empire had
33:14
been accustomed to depend upon Rome for political guidance continued to look there for spiritual
33:20
control one seventy two. What was the Bishop of Rome acknowledged to be the
33:27
head of the Catholic Church throughout Western Europe one seventy three. What was the
33:34
extent of the papal power during the Middle Ages? It was very great,
33:37
increasing steadily till it reached its zenith in the thirteenth century under Innocent the third.
33:45
He claimed to be an earthly king of kings, and the papal thunder
33:49
rolled over every nation in Europe one seventy four. For what is the fifteenth
33:54
century noted for its ecclesiastical councils, to which many monarchs appealed from the decisions
34:02
of Rome. One seventy five. What was the result of this tendency to
34:08
resist papal authority? Rome was forced to confine its political action mainly to Italian
34:15
affairs. One seventy six. What Italian cities attained great importance in the Middle
34:22
Ages? Venice, Florence, Pisa, and Genoa one seventy seven. What
34:29
was the power of Genoa and Venice Their trading princess controlled the money of the
34:34
world and became the first bankers the Bank of Venice dating from seventeen eleven one
34:40
seventy eight. What is the Italian Renaissance a new school of art founded at
34:46
this time, which revived a knowledge of the treasures of Grecian architecture, sculpture,
34:52
poetry and philosophy. One seventy nine. What great men lived during this
34:59
period of Florentine history Michelangelo, poet, sculptor and painter, the renowned artists
35:07
Raphael and Leonardo da Vinci, and the famous reformer Savanarola, afterward burned for
35:14
heresy one eighty What was the condition of Italy in the early part of this
35:20
century? It was enslaved and divided by Austrian despotism one eighty one. What
35:28
was the desire of Italian patriots to unite the country under one government? One
35:35
eighty two. Who was proclaimed king in eighteen sixty one Victor Emmanuel. He
35:40
controlled all Italy except the Austrian province of Venetia and Rome. One eighty three.
35:49
When did these two come under his power? In eighteen sixty six Italy
35:54
got back Venice and Verona, and in eighteen seventy Rome, and the king
36:00
moved his court thither from Florence. One eighty four. Who was the present
36:06
king of Italy? Humbert, the first son of Victor Emmanuel, seceded to
36:10
the crown on his father's death eighteen seventy eight. End of Chapter seven