Latest / Narcisist Psychology / The Surgeon Who Stole Her Life: 16 Unnecessary Operations
Transcript
- 0:03Speaker 1: On a Tuesday morning in the second week of May,
- 0:06Speaker 1: a retired church volunteer named Cynthia Zimmerman walked around to
- 0:11Speaker 1: the back porch of a house on Lynden Court in
- 0:14Speaker 1: Harwick and found eleven bottles of prescription opioids. The bottles
- 0:19Speaker 1: were sealed, they had never been opened. Every label read
- 0:23Speaker 1: the same name, Crystel Underwood. Cristel had not put them there.
- 0:28Speaker 1: That single fact, sealed bottles prescribed to a woman who
- 0:32Speaker 1: did not leave them is the thread that unraveled nine
- 0:35Speaker 1: years of systematic destruction. Because those eleven bottles were not
- 0:40Speaker 1: evidence of a woman losing control of her medication. They
- 0:43Speaker 1: were evidence that someone else had been controlling it all along.
- 0:47Speaker 1: Investigators would eventually confirm that only one of seventeen surgical
- 0:51Speaker 1: procedures performed on Crystal Underwood over nine years was medically necessary.
- 0:56Speaker 1: Sixteen surgeries no legitimate clinical indication, and the man who
- 1:02Speaker 1: scheduled every one of them was the same man Cristel
- 1:05Speaker 1: had listed as her emergency contact. Read that again slowly.
- 1:10Speaker 1: Her doctor was her emergency contact, the person you call
- 1:14Speaker 1: when everything goes wrong, was the person making everything go wrong.
- 1:19Speaker 1: Before any of this became a case file, Cristel Underwood
- 1:22Speaker 1: was simply a woman trying to get her knee fixed.
- 1:25Speaker 1: She was forty four years old at the time the
- 1:27Speaker 1: bottles were found. She had worked for years as an
- 1:30Speaker 1: office manager, the kind of person who kept other people's
- 1:33Speaker 1: systems running, who knew where every document was filed, who
- 1:37Speaker 1: remembered the details others forgot. She was divorced. She lived
- 1:41Speaker 1: alone in a house on Lyndon Court, a quiet residential
- 1:45Speaker 1: street in Harwick. She had a sister named Renee, who
- 1:49Speaker 1: lived in Cincinnati, about two hours west. The chronic pain
- 1:53Speaker 1: in her right knee had been building for years before
- 1:56Speaker 1: she finally walked into Harwick Regional Orthopedics. That appointment, nine
- 2:01Speaker 1: years before the bottles appeared on her porch, seemed straightforward.
- 2:05Speaker 1: The diagnosis was legitimate. The first procedure was legitimate to
- 2:10Speaker 1: independent orthopedic surgeons later confirmed that initial surgery was the
- 2:14Speaker 1: only one of seventeen that had a genuine clinical reason
- 2:18Speaker 1: behind it. Mark Boyd was forty nine years old when
- 2:22Speaker 1: Cristel became his patient, Board certified orthopedic surgeon. His practice
- 2:27Speaker 1: sat inside Harwick Regional Orthopedics, the kind of established suburban
- 2:31Speaker 1: clinic that inspires confidence by its very ordinariiness. He had
- 2:36Speaker 1: a professional reputation, He had credentials on the wall. Eight
- 2:41Speaker 1: months after that first surgery, Cristel came back for a
- 2:44Speaker 1: second procedure. Nobody flagged it. Pain after orthopedic surgery is common.
- 2:50Speaker 1: Follow up interventions happen. The paperwork was clean, the billing
- 2:55Speaker 1: looked right, and Cristel trusted the man who had helped
- 2:58Speaker 1: her once before. What she could not have known, what
- 3:02Speaker 1: no one around her knew yet, is that somewhere in
- 3:06Speaker 1: those first months, the relationship between patient and physician had
- 3:10Speaker 1: crossed a line that does not appear in any medical
- 3:13Speaker 1: ethics textbook, because it happens too slowly and too quietly
- 3:18Speaker 1: to name until long after it has already happened. Boyd
- 3:23Speaker 1: began attending Redeemer Fellowship, the evangelical church on Route nine
- 3:28Speaker 1: where Christel was a member. He sat in the same rose,
- 3:32Speaker 1: he moved through the same social world. Patrice Owens, an
- 3:36Speaker 1: administrative assistant at the church, later described his arrival there
- 3:41Speaker 1: as a conversion, but she was also the person who
- 3:44Speaker 1: eventually gave a tip to Detective Ron Pruitt whether Boyd's
- 3:48Speaker 1: presence at Redeemer Fellowship was spiritual or strategic is a
- 3:52Speaker 1: question the record does not fully answer. What the record
- 3:56Speaker 1: does answer is what came next. Over roughly fourteen months,
- 4:01Speaker 1: Boyd systematically narrowed Cristel's world. Renee, her sister in Cincinnati,
- 4:08Speaker 1: sent seven emails over an eighteen month stretch. Cristel did
- 4:13Speaker 1: not respond to a single one. Whether Boyd actively intercepted
- 4:17Speaker 1: that contact or simply occupied every hour Cristel had for
- 4:21Speaker 1: outside relationships is not publicly confirmed. What is confirmed is
- 4:25Speaker 1: the outcome Cristel's closest family connection when silent. By the
- 4:30Speaker 1: time Boyd was added as a co account holder on
- 4:32Speaker 1: Cristel's second bank account two years into their relationship, the
- 4:37Speaker 1: architecture of isolation was already in place. He was her doctor,
- 4:41Speaker 1: He was her church goer, He was her emergency contact.
- 4:46Speaker 1: He had access to her finances. He had, also, according
- 4:50Speaker 1: to investigators, begun building something she would never see, a
- 4:54Speaker 1: second identity running parallel to hers, built from a single
- 4:58Speaker 1: misspelled letter. The account was opened under the name Crystal Underwood,
- 5:03Speaker 1: one letter different an address in Indianapolis that was a
- 5:07Speaker 1: postal service box. The LLC that held the account was
- 5:11Speaker 1: registered under the maiden name of Boyd's mother, Cristel, had
- 5:15Speaker 1: no knowledge of its existence. For six years, small transfers
- 5:19Speaker 1: moved through that account, amounts between two hundred four hundred dollars,
- 5:24Speaker 1: irregular enough not to trigger automatic flags, consistent enough to accumulate.
- 5:30Speaker 1: By the time investigators added it up, the total was
- 5:33Speaker 1: eighty two thousand, nine hundred ninety nine dollars, just one
- 5:38Speaker 1: dollar short of eighty three thousand. Crystal was not watching
- 5:42Speaker 1: any of this. By the seventh procedure, she had developed
- 5:46Speaker 1: a genuine opioid dependence, a medically predictable consequence of repeated
- 5:51Speaker 1: post operative pain management. The dependence was real. The condition
- 5:56Speaker 1: that required the surgeries was not. Two years before the
- 5:59Speaker 1: bottles appeared on her porch, Cristel reported her driver's license lost.
- 6:04Speaker 1: Boyd had it. He used it to fill prescriptions at
- 6:07Speaker 1: three pharmacies, none of them near her home, none of
- 6:10Speaker 1: them associated with Harwick Regional. The prescriptions were written in
- 6:14Speaker 1: her name. The medications came back to a house she
- 6:18Speaker 1: lived in, but a life she no longer fully controlled.
- 6:21Speaker 1: On Thursday, afternoons, Cristel still went to Patty's on Maine
- 6:25Speaker 1: for lunch. That detail the weekly diner visit.
- 6:28Speaker 2: The booth.
- 6:29Speaker 1: The ordinary ritual of a meal is one of the
- 6:32Speaker 1: few things in the record that belonged entirely to her.
- 6:35Speaker 1: Everything else by that point had been touched by someone
- 6:39Speaker 1: else's hand, and she did not know it. The eleven
- 6:43Speaker 1: bottles sat in a paper grocery bag on Crystal Underwood's
- 6:47Speaker 1: back porch. Cynthia Zimmermann, a retired volunteer from Redeemer Fellowship,
- 6:52Speaker 1: found them on a Tuesday morning in the second week
- 6:55Speaker 1: of May. She had come by to drop off a casserole.
- 6:58Speaker 1: She almost stepped over the bag without looking inside. She
- 7:02Speaker 1: looked inside eleven amber bottles, all sealed, all prescribed to
- 7:08Speaker 1: Crystal Underwood. Hydrocodone forty tablets per bottle, oxycodone thirty tablets
- 7:14Speaker 1: per bottle. The seals had never been broken, not one
- 7:18Speaker 1: pill was missing. That was the first impossible image. A
- 7:23Speaker 1: woman who by every account was deep in the grip
- 7:26Speaker 1: of opioid dependence, and eleven full bottles of opioids she
- 7:31Speaker 1: had never touched. Zimmermann called the non emergency line. She
- 7:36Speaker 1: described what she found carefully twice. The officer who took
- 7:40Speaker 1: her call asked her to confirm that the bottles were sealed.
- 7:44Speaker 1: She confirmed it. He asked her to stay on the premises.
- 7:48Speaker 2: She stayed.
- 7:49Speaker 1: Detective Ron Pruett arrived.
- 7:51Speaker 2: Within the hour.
- 7:52Speaker 1: He photographed the bag, the bottles, the porch. He ran
- 7:56Speaker 1: the prescription numbers. All eleven bottles had been filled at pharmacies,
- 8:01Speaker 1: three different ones, none of them in Harwick, none of
- 8:05Speaker 1: them associated with Harwick Regional Orthopedics. Cristel's name was on
- 8:09Speaker 1: every label, her date of birth, her address on Lynden Court,
- 8:14Speaker 1: but Cristel had not filled them. The prescriptions had been
- 8:17Speaker 1: called in over a period of fourteen months. The pharmacies
- 8:20Speaker 1: were spread across two counties. Someone had presented identification at
- 8:25Speaker 1: each one. That identification investigators would later confirm was Crystal's
- 8:31Speaker 1: driver's license, the one she had reported lost two years earlier.
- 8:35Speaker 1: Prue had pulled the pharmacy records. Then he pulled Crystal's
- 8:39Speaker 1: medical file from Harwick Regional and that is where the
- 8:42Speaker 1: second image appeared larger and stranger than the first. The
- 8:47Speaker 1: file showed seventeen surgical procedures over nine years, seventeen for
- 8:52Speaker 1: a patient who had come in originally with chronic right
- 8:55Speaker 1: knee pain. Two independent orthopedic surgeons later reviewed every procedure
- 9:01Speaker 1: on record. Their joint report ran twenty pages. Their conclusion
- 9:06Speaker 1: was precise. The first surgery was clinically indicated. Procedures two
- 9:10Speaker 1: through seventeen were not. In three of those cases, the
- 9:14Speaker 1: conditions listed as justification for operating did not appear anywhere
- 9:19Speaker 1: in the preoperative imaging. The time stamps made it worse.
- 9:22Speaker 1: The digital surgical records had metadata embedded in them, a
- 9:26Speaker 1: forensic detail that Boyd had apparently not considered. Those timestamps
- 9:31Speaker 1: showed that edits had been made to the records after
- 9:33Speaker 1: the procedure dates. The hospital records had been retro dated.
- 9:38Speaker 1: Someone had gone back into the files and adjusted the
- 9:41Speaker 1: clinical language to support decisions that had.
- 9:43Speaker 2: Already been made.
- 9:44Speaker 1: Boyd had not just operated unnecessarily. He had then rewritten
- 9:48Speaker 1: the record of why. But there was a third image,
- 9:51Speaker 1: and it was the quietest one. Patrese Owens, an administrative
- 9:55Speaker 1: assistant at Redeemer Fellowship, had placed a call to prove
- 9:59Speaker 1: its departments several days before the bottles were found. Owens
- 10:03Speaker 1: had noticed something about Boyd's attendants at the church, specifically
- 10:07Speaker 1: the timing of it. Boyd had begun attending Redeemer Fellowship
- 10:10Speaker 1: shortly before Cristel joined. He had arrived, according to Owens,
- 10:15Speaker 1: presenting himself as newly committed to faith. He had become,
- 10:19Speaker 1: in her description, unusually attentive to Cristel almost immediately. Owens
- 10:24Speaker 1: had seen this before, not with Boyd, but the shape
- 10:27Speaker 1: of it, the arrival, the attention, the isolation that followed.
- 10:31Speaker 1: She recognized the shape. Her tip gave Pruet a direction.
- 10:35Speaker 1: The bottles gave him probable cause. The metadata gave him
- 10:39Speaker 1: something to bring to a judge. The arrest happened on
- 10:42Speaker 1: a Tuesday, the second week of May, the same week
- 10:46Speaker 1: the bottles had been found. Officers arrived at Boyd's office
- 10:49Speaker 1: at Harwick Regional Orthopedics mid morning. He was between patients.
- 10:54Speaker 1: He did not run, he did not argue. He asked
- 10:57Speaker 1: to make a phone call, and then he operated that
- 11:01Speaker 1: cooperation was in its own way. Another anomaly. Boyd directed
- 11:06Speaker 1: investigators to a storage unit in the northern suburbs of Harwick.
- 11:11Speaker 1: Inside were duplicate surgical records, the originals unaltered, printed and
- 11:16Speaker 1: filed in labeled folders. Boyd had kept them for years.
- 11:21Speaker 1: He had been editing the digital records at the hospital
- 11:24Speaker 1: while maintaining physical copies of what those records actually said
- 11:27Speaker 1: before the edits he had preserved his own evidence. The
- 11:31Speaker 1: prosecutors called it a contingency. What had looked like was
- 11:35Speaker 1: something harder to name, a man who had documented his
- 11:39Speaker 1: own actions and held onto the documentation as though some
- 11:43Speaker 1: part of him expected to eventually account for them. The
- 11:47Speaker 1: unit also contained a paper trail that filled in the
- 11:50Speaker 1: financial architecture. The account under the name Crystal Underwood one
- 11:55Speaker 1: letter different the why where the Eye should Be, had
- 11:58Speaker 1: been opened through an LS registered under his mother's maiden name.
- 12:03Speaker 1: The postal address in Indianapolis was a commercial mail forwarding service.
- 12:07Speaker 1: For six years, transfers of two hundred to four hundred
- 12:10Speaker 1: dollars had moved from Cristel's second bank account into that LLC.
- 12:15Speaker 1: The total was eighty two thousand, nine ninety nine dollars,
- 12:19Speaker 1: one dollar short of eighty three thousand. The morning after
- 12:23Speaker 1: Boyd's name appeared in the regional news, a woman named
- 12:26Speaker 1: Diane Merritt called the Harwick Regional Department from Columbus.
- 12:31Speaker 2: She had seen his photograph. She said she.
- 12:34Speaker 1: Knew him between two thousand and two thousand three. She
- 12:38Speaker 1: had been his patient. She had undergone six procedures. She
- 12:43Speaker 1: had eventually stopped seeing him and moved away. She had
- 12:48Speaker 1: never filed a formal complaint. At the time, she had
- 12:51Speaker 1: told herself it was possible she had misunderstood that she
- 12:54Speaker 1: could not prove intent. She had never entirely believed that,
- 12:59Speaker 1: but she had not known what else to do with
- 13:01Speaker 1: the doubt. Merritt's call did not change the charges against Boyd.
- 13:06Speaker 1: The statute of limitations on her situation had long since passed,
- 13:10Speaker 1: and she said herself that she had never documented her suspicions.
- 13:15Speaker 1: What her call did was something quieter. It confirmed that
- 13:18Speaker 1: the eleven bottles on Cristel's porch were not the beginning
- 13:22Speaker 1: of anything.
- 13:23Speaker 2: They were, in a way, much closer to the end.
- 13:26Speaker 1: Picture Boyd in the storage unit, filing folders. Picture him
- 13:31Speaker 1: choosing to keep the unaltered records year after year. That
- 13:35Speaker 1: image pulls toward one reading of what happened, that somewhere
- 13:39Speaker 1: inside the architecture of what he built, there was an
- 13:42Speaker 1: anticipation of being found. But that reading collapses the moment
- 13:47Speaker 1: you look at the crystal account, the misspelled name, the
- 13:51Speaker 1: mother's maiden name, the Indianapolis postal box. That is not
- 13:55Speaker 1: the work of someone preparing to be held accountable. That
- 13:59Speaker 1: is the work of some some one constructing a parallel
- 14:01Speaker 1: reality with enough distance from the original to be legally ambiguous.
- 14:06Speaker 1: If ever, examined the storage unit and the shell account
- 14:10Speaker 1: point in opposite directions, one looks like latent remorse, the
- 14:15Speaker 1: other looks like deliberate insulation, and the evidence does not
- 14:19Speaker 1: resolve that tension cleanly.
- 14:21Speaker 2: It holds both.
- 14:22Speaker 1: What the evidence does resolve is the mechanism. Boyd identified
- 14:26Speaker 1: Crystal in a community setting, the church on Route nine,
- 14:30Speaker 1: and moved toward her with a consistency that Patrice Owens
- 14:34Speaker 1: recognized as a pattern.
- 14:35Speaker 2: He became her physician.
- 14:37Speaker 1: Her emergency contact, and eventually a co.
- 14:41Speaker 2: Holder on her bank account.
- 14:42Speaker 1: He scheduled surgeries at a rate that two independent surgeons
- 14:47Speaker 1: described as having no clinical foundation. He managed her postoperative
- 14:51Speaker 1: pain in a way that produced a genuine opioid dependence.
- 14:55Speaker 1: He filled prescriptions using her own identification while she believed
- 15:01Speaker 1: that identification was simply lost. And he moved money a
- 15:05Speaker 1: little at a time for six years into an account
- 15:08Speaker 1: she did not know existed under a name that was
- 15:11Speaker 1: almost but not quite hers. None of those steps required
- 15:15Speaker 1: Cristel to understand what was happening. That was the design.
- 15:20Speaker 1: Each piece was positioned so that the one before it
- 15:23Speaker 1: made the next one possible, and none of them alone
- 15:27Speaker 1: would have looked like what the whole picture showed. The
- 15:29Speaker 1: seventeen surgeries are the number that anchors everything. Not because
- 15:34Speaker 1: of what they cost in money, though the financial fraud
- 15:37Speaker 1: was substantial, but because of what they cost in time,
- 15:40Speaker 1: in physical recovery, in the gradual erosion of a life
- 15:44Speaker 1: that had before that first appointment belonged to Crystel Underwood alone,
- 15:49Speaker 1: sixteen procedures she did not need, and a dependence that
- 15:53Speaker 1: was real, even though the reasons given for creating it
- 15:56Speaker 1: were not. The State Medical Board revoked Boyd's license permit.
- 16:00Speaker 1: He faced multiple counts, including insurance fraud, prescription fraud, identity fraud,
- 16:06Speaker 1: and four counts of medical battery for procedures performed without
- 16:10Speaker 1: legitimate clinical indication. The sentence carried the possibility of parole
- 16:15Speaker 1: after twelve years. Diane Merritt, calling from Columbus the morning
- 16:20Speaker 1: after the arrest, said she did not feel relief exactly.
- 16:24Speaker 1: She said she felt something closer to recognition that she
- 16:27Speaker 1: had known and had not been able to make it count.
- 16:31Speaker 1: Cristel spent three months in a residential recovery program in Cincinnati,
- 16:35Speaker 1: near her sister, Renee's house. The seven e mails Renee
- 16:39Speaker 1: had sent over eighteen months, all unanswered, had not been
- 16:44Speaker 1: ignored out of indifference. Cristel had by that point been
- 16:48Speaker 1: living inside a reality that Boyd had built around her.
- 16:51Speaker 1: Renee's voice was part of the world outside it. The
- 16:54Speaker 1: following May, Cristel came back to Harwick. The record notes
- 16:59Speaker 1: simply that she retied turn to Paddy's on Maine the
- 17:02Speaker 1: Thursday lunch, the booth, the meal that had always been hers.
- 17:07Speaker 1: Some things, it turns out, can be reclaimed. Boyd was
- 17:11Speaker 1: arrested on a Tuesday in the second week of May.
- 17:15Speaker 1: Detective Ron Pruitt and two officers entered Harwick Regional Orthopedics
- 17:20Speaker 1: at nine forty.
- 17:21Speaker 2: In the morning. Boyd was between patients.
- 17:25Speaker 1: He did not run, He did not deny anything. Within
- 17:28Speaker 1: weeks he began cooperating with the prosecution. That cooperation was
- 17:33Speaker 1: its own kind of revelation. Boyd confirmed the prescription diversion
- 17:37Speaker 1: scheme in detail. He identified the postal service account in Indianapolis,
- 17:42Speaker 1: the one opened under the name Crystal Underwood, spelled with
- 17:47Speaker 1: a different letter beneath an LLC registered to his mother's
- 17:51Speaker 1: maiden name, And then he directed investigators to a storage
- 17:54Speaker 1: unit on the northern edge of Harwick, a place no
- 17:58Speaker 1: one had thought to look. In sie deside that unit
- 18:00Speaker 1: were duplicate copies of Crystal's operative records, unaltered. Boyd had
- 18:06Speaker 1: kept the originals, the ones without the back dated timestamps,
- 18:09Speaker 1: the ones that showed plainly what the edited hospital files
- 18:13Speaker 1: had been changed to hide. It was one of the
- 18:16Speaker 1: stranger facts of the entire case. The man who had
- 18:20Speaker 1: spent nearly a decade constructing a false medical record had
- 18:23Speaker 1: also preserved the evidence that proved it was false. Whether
- 18:27Speaker 1: that was arrogance or something closer to self preservation for
- 18:30Speaker 1: a deal he always planned to make. Investigators never said publicly,
- 18:35Speaker 1: but those files became the backbone of the prosecution's case.
- 18:39Speaker 1: Two independent orthopedic surgeons reviewed all seventeen procedures. Their report
- 18:45Speaker 1: ran twenty pages. The conclusion was unambiguous. Only the first
- 18:50Speaker 1: surgery had legitimate clinical indication. Procedures too through seventeen did not.
- 18:57Speaker 1: In three of those cases, the conditions Buoyd claimed to
- 19:00Speaker 1: have identified were not visible in the preoperative imaging at all.
- 19:04Speaker 1: There was nothing there to operate on. Eighty two thousand,
- 19:08Speaker 1: nine hundred nine nine dollars had moved from Cristel's accounts
- 19:12Speaker 1: into Boyd's over the course of six years, transfers of
- 19:16Speaker 1: two hundred to four hundred dollars at a time, steady
- 19:20Speaker 1: and unremarkable, the kind of transaction that disappears inside ordinary
- 19:25Speaker 1: financial noise. The State Medical Board revoked his license permanently
- 19:30Speaker 1: multiple counts insurance fraud, prescription fraud, identity fraud, and four
- 19:35Speaker 1: counts of medical battery, the clinical term for procedures performed
- 19:39Speaker 1: on a patient without legitimate medical justification. The sentence carried
- 19:44Speaker 1: the possibility of parole after twelve years. Diane Merritt called
- 19:48Speaker 1: the Harwick Regional Department the morning after the arrest. She
- 19:53Speaker 1: had seen Boyd's name and photograph in the regional news.
- 19:57Speaker 1: She had been living in Columbus. She had not filed
- 20:01Speaker 1: a formal complaint after her own experience six unnecessary procedures
- 20:06Speaker 1: in the early two thousands, because she said she was
- 20:09Speaker 1: not certain she could prove intent. She said she had
- 20:12Speaker 1: fought for a long time that maybe she had misunderstood something,
- 20:16Speaker 1: that maybe she had been wrong.
- 20:18Speaker 2: She had not been wrong.
- 20:20Speaker 1: Cristel Underwood spent three months in a residential recovery program
- 20:24Speaker 1: in Cincinnati, a few miles from her sister, Renee's house.
- 20:28Speaker 1: The opioid dependence that Boyd had created across seven surgeries
- 20:32Speaker 1: was real, even if the medical rationale for those surgeries
- 20:36Speaker 1: was not. Recovery from a manufactured condition is still recovery.
- 20:41Speaker 1: The body does not distinguish between a genuine need and
- 20:44Speaker 1: an engineered one. Renee had sent seven emails over eighteen months.
- 20:50Speaker 1: None were answered, not because Cristel did not care, but
- 20:54Speaker 1: because by that point the world Cristel was living inside
- 20:57Speaker 1: had been built to exclude exactly the kind of contact
- 21:01Speaker 1: Renee was trying to make. An outside voice is the
- 21:04Speaker 1: first thing a closed system works to silence. The following May,
- 21:08Speaker 1: Cristel came back to Harwick. She went to Patty's on maye,
- 21:12Speaker 1: the Thursday lunch, the booth she had always chosen, the
- 21:16Speaker 1: meal that had been hers long before any of this began.
- 21:19Speaker 1: There is something in that detail that resists easy framing.
- 21:23Speaker 1: Not triumph, not resolution in any clean sense, just a
- 21:27Speaker 1: woman returning to a place that had always been ordinary,
- 21:30Speaker 1: claiming the ordinary back. What Boyd dismantled was not only financial.
- 21:35Speaker 1: It was not only physical. He replaced Cristel's independent judgment,
- 21:40Speaker 1: her medical history, her sense of what her own body required,
- 21:44Speaker 1: and her relationship to the people who knew her before
- 21:46Speaker 1: he did. He did it incrementally across nine years, using
- 21:51Speaker 1: the authority a physician holds over a patient in pain.
- 21:54Speaker 1: That authority is, in most cases, exactly what it appears
- 21:58Speaker 1: to be. The struck sure of medical trust exists because
- 22:02Speaker 1: it has to. A patient cannot verify every clinical decision
- 22:06Speaker 1: in the room where it is made. That is the
- 22:09Speaker 1: condition of care. It is also in cases like this one,
- 22:13Speaker 1: the condition of vulnerability. Seventeen procedures nine years, one person
- 22:20Speaker 1: building a parallel version of another person's life, piece by piece,
- 22:24Speaker 1: until the original was almost unreachable. She found her way back.
- 22:29Speaker 1: That is the part of the record that matters most.
- 22:32Speaker 1: This show is made by Obomedia.