Latest / Beyond The Horizon / Mega Edition: Judge John Judge Warns The Media In Moscow About Their Behavior In Court (9/3/26)
Transcript
- 0:00Speaker 1: And welcome back to the program.
- 0:02Speaker 2: We have a relatively significant development in the trial of
- 0:07Speaker 2: Brian Kohlberger and the investigation overall into the murders in Moscow. Now,
- 0:13Speaker 2: we've been dealing with a gag order draped over this
- 0:16Speaker 2: case since pretty much a few days after Brian Kohlberger
- 0:20Speaker 2: was arrested. Well, now, after hearing arguments from all parties involved,
- 0:25Speaker 2: Judge Judge has decided that to pare back the gag
- 0:29Speaker 2: order a little bit and allow more information to flow
- 0:33Speaker 2: to the public. And I'm honestly shocked by this. I
- 0:36Speaker 2: didn't think that Judge Judge was going to even pare
- 0:39Speaker 2: it back a little bit. I thought that if anything,
- 0:42Speaker 2: maybe the families would get a little more leeway to
- 0:46Speaker 2: talk to the media, but it seems that he pared
- 0:48Speaker 2: it back a little bit more than that.
- 0:51Speaker 1: And I think that's a good idea. The more transparency here,
- 0:55Speaker 1: the better.
- 0:55Speaker 2: As long as it's not people who are working on
- 0:58Speaker 2: the case as far as prosecutors or defense attorneys talking
- 1:02Speaker 2: about privileged information, I don't think it's that big of
- 1:05Speaker 2: a deal. And remember, just because there's interest around the
- 1:09Speaker 2: case and just because people are interested in what's going
- 1:12Speaker 2: on doesn't automatically make all of that interest, all of
- 1:16Speaker 2: that attention, pre-prejudicial to Brian Kohlberger. And that's what the
- 1:21Speaker 2: assumption of this overbroad gag order was doing. It was
- 1:25Speaker 2: saying that automatically any attention placed on Brian Kohlberger or
- 1:30Speaker 2: this investigation is prejudicial to Brian Kohlberger. And with Judge
- 1:34Speaker 2: Judge pairing this ruling back, what he's saying is that, hey, look,
- 1:39Speaker 2: we can't just assume that any attention around this case
- 1:42Speaker 2: is going to be prejudicial against Kohlberger.
- 1:46Speaker 1: We don't know that.
- 1:47Speaker 2: But at the same time, he understands that a gag
- 1:50Speaker 2: order is a good idea here, just not a gag
- 1:53Speaker 2: order that is too overbroad and a gag order that
- 1:56Speaker 2: is vague. Today's article is from the Lewiston Tribune, but
- 2:01Speaker 2: it was originally posted in the Idaho Statesman. Headline, Judge
- 2:06Speaker 2: Keeps Gag Order in Place in Kohlberger Case with Alterations.
- 2:11Speaker 2: This article was authored by Alex Brizzi. Second District Judge
- 2:17Speaker 2: John Judge denied several media outlets' request to dismiss the
- 2:21Speaker 2: broad gag order attached to the criminal trial against Brian Korberger,
- 2:26Speaker 2: the man accused of killing four University of Idaho students
- 2:29Speaker 2: last November. But Judge did revise the document first issued
- 2:34Speaker 2: by Magistrate Judge Megan Marshall and later amended by her
- 2:39Speaker 2: and acknowledged the non-dissemination order was overbroad and vague in places.
- 2:44Speaker 2: And I think that's a fair interpretation of this non-dissemination order.
- 2:48Speaker 2: And I think that when Judge Marshall put it in place,
- 2:51Speaker 2: she was just trying to cover all the bases, right?
- 2:53Speaker 2: I think she went a little bit overboard, but her
- 2:57Speaker 2: opinion was she wanted to protect the integrity of the case.
- 3:01Speaker 2: And also she was thinking about, come trial time, making
- 3:04Speaker 2: sure she had a jury pool that wasn't tainted. So
- 3:07Speaker 2: I understand why she would use the gag order. It
- 3:10Speaker 2: was the right thing to do. But it's always been
- 3:13Speaker 2: way too vague and way too overbroad, as we've talked
- 3:16Speaker 2: about many times here before. The most significant revision to
- 3:20Speaker 2: the order that's now in place is that law enforcement
- 3:23Speaker 2: personnel are no longer barred from speaking to the media
- 3:27Speaker 2: about the quadruple homicide and that took the lives of
- 3:30Speaker 2: Madison Mogan and Kaylee Gonsalves, both 21, and Zanna Kernodle
- 3:35Speaker 2: and Ethan Chapin, both 20. And for me, I think
- 3:38Speaker 2: it's a good idea that there's more transparency. There's way
- 3:41Speaker 2: too many silly people out there with silly-ass theories about
- 3:44Speaker 2: what goes on, and if there's no real information coming
- 3:47Speaker 2: from quality sources, i.e. the investigators themselves or people involved,
- 3:53Speaker 2: then it's very hard to discern what's real and what's not.
- 3:57Speaker 2: So I'm glad that there's going to be more of
- 4:00Speaker 2: an open channel of communication between the investigators and the media.
- 4:05Speaker 2: That means, hopefully, that we're going to be more well-informed
- 4:09Speaker 2: about what's going on. And if Brian Kohlberger is getting railroaded,
- 4:13Speaker 2: like some people say he is, this will help us
- 4:16Speaker 2: see that. And I know from my perspective, if I
- 4:19Speaker 2: see somebody getting railroaded, I'm not just going to not
- 4:21Speaker 2: say anything about it. If I thought that he was
- 4:24Speaker 2: being prosecuted and the prosecution was, half-stepping or they were
- 4:29Speaker 2: doing something out of line, we'd be talking about it
- 4:32Speaker 2: because the state has to do everything the right way.
- 4:36Speaker 2: There can be no deviation from what the law is.
- 4:39Speaker 2: They have too much power in their hands. So the
- 4:41Speaker 2: state has to be held accountable and they have to
- 4:44Speaker 2: do everything directly by the book. And if they don't
- 4:47Speaker 2: do that and Brian Koberger's constitutional rights are stepped on,
- 4:51Speaker 2: don't you think it would be better off for him
- 4:53Speaker 2: if everybody is aware of it? instead of his lawyers
- 4:57Speaker 2: just saying that that's what's happening. So I think that
- 5:00Speaker 2: this gag order getting pared back a little bit might
- 5:02Speaker 2: be helpful to Brian Koberger as well, especially if he's
- 5:05Speaker 2: being railroaded like his legal team and some people on
- 5:08Speaker 2: the internet seem to believe. The four students were found
- 5:12Speaker 2: stabbed to death November 13th in an off-campus Moscow house
- 5:16Speaker 2: on King Road. As currently drafted, the amended non-dissemination order
- 5:21Speaker 2: is arguably overbroad and vague in some areas. Judge wrote
- 5:26Speaker 2: in the 29 page order, denying the request from the
- 5:29Speaker 2: media organizations, including the Idaho statesman, challenging the gag order. However,
- 5:35Speaker 2: it does serve a legitimate purpose and restricting the speech
- 5:38Speaker 2: of attorneys participating in the case is reasonable.
- 5:42Speaker 1: I agree with that.
- 5:43Speaker 2: And I've said that from the beginning, that that's what
- 5:45Speaker 2: the gag order should have said. Remember, the Supreme Court
- 5:49Speaker 2: has ruled that gag orders, they can't be overbearing or vague.
- 5:54Speaker 2: They have to be to the point and locked in.
- 5:57Speaker 2: And if they're not, they're going to be challenged. And
- 5:59Speaker 2: we see that here. Now, of course, this isn't a
- 6:02Speaker 2: challenge that is completely successful, but Judge Judge has acknowledged
- 6:07Speaker 2: that this.
- 6:08Speaker 1: Gag order is overly broad and vague.
- 6:12Speaker 2: And that's very important because now we're going to be
- 6:14Speaker 2: able to have access to the Moscow investigators, people who
- 6:18Speaker 2: were investigating the case in Pennsylvania, Washington, All of those folks,
- 6:23Speaker 2: as far as law enforcement, they can talk about the
- 6:26Speaker 2: case now. In the order, judge addressed the legal principles
- 6:30Speaker 2: that allow the court to prohibit involved attorneys from making
- 6:34Speaker 2: statements to the press outside of the courtroom. As long
- 6:37Speaker 2: as it's clear what attorneys aren't able to discuss and
- 6:40Speaker 2: that they are provided notice of what is prohibited speech.
- 6:45Speaker 2: In his revised non-dissemination order, Judge outlined several particular instances
- 6:50Speaker 2: in which attorneys may speak to the media, including information
- 6:54Speaker 2: that's a public record, to request assistance from the public
- 6:58Speaker 2: in order to obtain additional information or evidence or any
- 7:02Speaker 2: statements that a reasonable lawyer would need to make to
- 7:06Speaker 2: protect their client from the substantial, undue prejudicial effect of
- 7:11Speaker 2: recent publicity. So this is for Brian Kohlberger as well, remember.
- 7:15Speaker 2: Don't just think that this is for the state. Brian Kohlberger,
- 7:19Speaker 2: his lawyer, can now speak to the media as well,
- 7:21Speaker 2: as long as they adhere to the parameters that Judge
- 7:24Speaker 2: Judge has set forth in the new non-dissemination order. So
- 7:28Speaker 2: as long as all of those rules are followed, there
- 7:31Speaker 2: should be no problems here. He also clarified what can't
- 7:35Speaker 2: be discussed, including the identity of witnesses, expected testimony of
- 7:39Speaker 2: a victim or a witness, and any comment on possible
- 7:43Speaker 2: plea discussions or defendant statements. And that is all more
- 7:47Speaker 2: than reasonable. And I command Judge Judge here for going
- 7:51Speaker 2: against precedent of what Judge Marshall had done and updating
- 7:55Speaker 2: this non-dissemination order. What it does is show me that
- 7:58Speaker 2: he's willing to walk that fine line and respect the
- 8:01Speaker 2: First Amendment while at the same time safeguarding the sanctity
- 8:05Speaker 2: of the Sixth Amendment by making sure that Brian Kohlberger gets.
- 8:09Speaker 1: A fair shake. More than two dozen media outlets last.
- 8:10Speaker 2: Month resubmitted a lawsuit asking judge to strike down the
- 8:23Speaker 2: gag order, arguing it suppressed the media's First Amendment rights.
- 8:28Speaker 2: The lawsuit was initially filed with Idaho Supreme Court, but
- 8:31Speaker 2: it was rejected after the justices said it didn't meet
- 8:35Speaker 2: the extraordinary circumstances that needed to skip the district court level,
- 8:39Speaker 2: according to previous statesmen reporting. So they just skipped a
- 8:43Speaker 2: step there. They should have went to Judge Marshall to
- 8:46Speaker 2: try and get the gag order pared back, but instead,
- 8:50Speaker 2: They went to the Supreme Court of Idaho. The Supreme
- 8:53Speaker 2: Court of Idaho said to them, look, we're not saying
- 8:56Speaker 2: that you don't have a case here. We're not saying
- 8:58Speaker 2: that you shouldn't bring this case to a judge, but
- 9:01Speaker 2: you're in the wrong venue. You have to refile this
- 9:04Speaker 2: with Judge Marshall. In a separate filing, Judge denied a
- 9:08Speaker 2: request made by Shannon Gray, an attorney representing the Gonsalves family,
- 9:13Speaker 2: to allow attorneys for the victims' families to speak to
- 9:16Speaker 2: the media. While the speech of the victim's families is
- 9:19Speaker 2: not and will not be restrained by court order, this
- 9:22Speaker 2: case is indisputably high profile and the law requires the
- 9:26Speaker 2: case to be tried in the court of law and
- 9:28Speaker 2: not in the press or the public, Judge said in
- 9:31Speaker 2: the order, upholding restraints on attorneys. And considering the contentious
- 9:36Speaker 2: nature of Shannon Gray's relationship with not only the investigators
- 9:41Speaker 2: but the court itself, I didn't expect them to throw
- 9:43Speaker 2: him a bone at all. So, Nothing new for Shannon
- 9:47Speaker 2: Gray here. He still has to adhere to the rules
- 9:50Speaker 2: that have been set forth in this gag order. However,
- 9:53Speaker 2: what we do have here is the families and clarification
- 9:56Speaker 2: that the family members can speak to the media if
- 9:59Speaker 2: they so choose. This gag order is not restricting their
- 10:02Speaker 2: First Amendment rights. And that was my biggest issue. When
- 10:05Speaker 2: you have people who can't speak about something, I'm not
- 10:08Speaker 2: a big fan of that unless there are circumstances that
- 10:12Speaker 2: are extreme. And this gag order, I always thought, was
- 10:15Speaker 2: way too vague and way too broad. And according to
- 10:18Speaker 2: Judge Judge's new ruling, he agrees. So that's where we
- 10:23Speaker 2: stand as far as the gag order, folks. And I
- 10:25Speaker 2: would expect some more information coming our way now that
- 10:28Speaker 2: this has been pared back a bit and it's not
- 10:31Speaker 2: as restrictive. Let's see what the investigators have for us.
- 10:35Speaker 2: And let's see if any information begins to flow more freely.
- 10:38Speaker 2: All right, folks, that's going to do it for this one.
- 10:41Speaker 2: All of the information that goes with the episode can
- 10:44Speaker 2: be found in the description box. What's up, everyone, and
- 10:48Speaker 2: welcome back to the program. One of the issues that
- 10:52Speaker 2: Judge Judge was talking about yesterday at Brian Kohlberger's court
- 10:57Speaker 2: appearance was the presence of cameras in the courtroom. And
- 11:01Speaker 2: he referred to the Lori Vallow trial as reference. And honestly,
- 11:06Speaker 2: as much as I'm a fan of having cameras in
- 11:08Speaker 2: the courtroom, I don't think he's wrong when he says
- 11:11Speaker 2: the media has a responsibility not to zoom in on
- 11:15Speaker 2: somebody for the whole trial. And that was a big
- 11:17Speaker 2: criticism during the Lori Vallow trial that the media would
- 11:21Speaker 2: zoom in only on Lori Vallow during the proceedings. Now,
- 11:26Speaker 2: for me, I think a wide angle shot is more
- 11:30Speaker 2: than sufficient, we don't need to zoom in on anybody.
- 11:33Speaker 2: Just have a wide-angle shot that captures all of the
- 11:36Speaker 2: proceedings so that people are aware of what's going on
- 11:39Speaker 2: in the courtroom and there is a certain level of
- 11:43Speaker 2: transparency that is present in such a high-profile case.
- 11:48Speaker 1: But for that to.
- 11:49Speaker 2: Happen, the media has to make sure that they're not
- 11:52Speaker 2: focusing just on Brian Kohlberger. Today's article is from The
- 11:57Speaker 2: Independent and the headline, Brian Kohlberger Judge makes reference to
- 12:01Speaker 2: Lori Vallow case as suit-clad Idaho murder suspect appears in court.
- 12:08Speaker 2: This article was authored by Rachel Sharp and Andrea Blanco.
- 12:13Speaker 2: And I know a lot of people are bugging that
- 12:15Speaker 2: dude showed up to court rocking a suit, but remember,
- 12:18Speaker 2: he's not guilty yet. So I understand when you want
- 12:22Speaker 2: to come and give the appearance of an innocent man.
- 12:25Speaker 2: I don't think there's anything really wrong with that, honestly.
- 12:28Speaker 2: And I think that if you're going through the trial
- 12:31Speaker 2: phase and you haven't been convicted yet, that when you
- 12:34Speaker 2: go into the courtroom, you shouldn't be wearing a jumpsuit.
- 12:38Speaker 2: You should wear a buttoned up shirt or a suit
- 12:41Speaker 2: or something like that until the process has been gone
- 12:45Speaker 2: through and the court declares you guilty. I don't see
- 12:49Speaker 2: a problem with somebody rocking a suit to their trial
- 12:51Speaker 2: or to a hearing leading up to that trial. But
- 12:55Speaker 2: there are some people out there that want to see
- 12:57Speaker 2: this dude rocking nothing but that jumpsuit. The judge overseeing
- 13:01Speaker 2: Brian Koberger's death penalty case made a reference to another
- 13:05Speaker 2: chilling Idaho murder case during the accused killer's latest court hearing.
- 13:10Speaker 2: The 28-year-old criminology PhD student appeared in court in Moscow,
- 13:14Speaker 2: Idaho on Tuesday as his lawyers launched their fight for
- 13:18Speaker 2: his life in the death penalty case. Dressed in a
- 13:22Speaker 2: dark suit and tie, he appeared... solemn as he entered
- 13:26Speaker 2: the Latah County courtroom and sat with his defense. In
- 13:29Speaker 2: the hearing, Judge John Judge pointed to the equally high-profile
- 13:34Speaker 2: Lori Vallow murder case as he warned the media about
- 13:38Speaker 2: the use of cameras in the courtroom. Judge John Judge
- 13:41Speaker 2: said the outlets with cameras in the courtroom need to
- 13:45Speaker 2: not focus solely on Mr. Kohlberger, warning that some media
- 13:50Speaker 2: has been pushing the envelope. And again, there's no need
- 13:53Speaker 2: for it in my opinion. We all know who's on trial.
- 13:55Speaker 2: We all know why he's there. Let's just get the
- 13:58Speaker 2: wide shot and avoid this sort of nonsense. He pointed
- 14:02Speaker 2: out that this was happening in the Daybell case and
- 14:05Speaker 2: warned that if it continues, cameras could be banned altogether
- 14:10Speaker 2: from the courtroom. In Vallow's case, no cameras were allowed
- 14:14Speaker 2: in court. at her trial where she was convicted of
- 14:17Speaker 2: murdering her two children and conspiring to murder her new husband,
- 14:22Speaker 2: Chad Daybell's first wife. And we have to rely on
- 14:25Speaker 2: court reporting from this trial every day to do our recaps. Thankfully,
- 14:30Speaker 2: it was quality reporting from Nate Eaton, But without cameras
- 14:35Speaker 2: in the courtroom to observe it ourselves, we're relying heavily
- 14:40Speaker 2: on members of the media to give us the blow-by-blow
- 14:44Speaker 2: as to what's happening during the court proceedings. In Tuesday's hearing,
- 14:49Speaker 2: Judge Judge also revised the gag order to clarify that
- 14:53Speaker 2: it does not include members of law enforcement, investigators, and
- 14:57Speaker 2: expert witnesses for both sides. So that's very important. Now
- 15:03Speaker 2: law enforcement can't use this gag order as a reason
- 15:06Speaker 2: not to answer basic questions, such as how much has
- 15:09Speaker 2: this whole entire investigation cost, or other questions surrounding the
- 15:15Speaker 2: investigation itself. As long as they're not talking about what's
- 15:18Speaker 2: going on behind the scenes, then they have free reign
- 15:21Speaker 2: now to answer questions. So I don't want to hear
- 15:24Speaker 2: any no comment nonsense from the investigators. The judge had
- 15:29Speaker 2: been expected to hear arguments on several motions filed by
- 15:32Speaker 2: the defense in recent weeks, including seeking details about the
- 15:36Speaker 2: DNA evidence, seeking details about the grand jury which returned
- 15:41Speaker 2: the murder indictment against him, and issuing a stay on
- 15:44Speaker 2: proceedings to put a pause on the case heading to trial.
- 15:49Speaker 2: Some of those issues on motion to compel and discovery
- 15:53Speaker 2: had been resolved out of court, while some will be
- 15:56Speaker 2: argued at a later date. And that's what we talked
- 15:59Speaker 2: about in the other episode, how sometimes behind the scenes,
- 16:02Speaker 2: these lawyers are negotiating. So there might be a motion
- 16:06Speaker 2: that has been filed with the court, but the lawyers
- 16:09Speaker 2: are still trying to hammer something out behind the scenes.
- 16:13Speaker 2: And we're just not privy to that information until they
- 16:16Speaker 2: either come to an agreement or until the judge has
- 16:19Speaker 2: to get involved. The defense did ask the judge to
- 16:23Speaker 2: order the prosecution to hand over some evidence in the case.
- 16:28Speaker 2: Among the evidence requested by the defense are training records
- 16:32Speaker 2: of three police officers who interviewed critical witnesses, information about
- 16:37Speaker 2: the FBI team leading the criminal probe, and background on
- 16:41Speaker 2: the tip that led to the search of Mr. Kohlberger's
- 16:45Speaker 2: white Hyundai and cell phone records cited in the probable
- 16:48Speaker 2: cause affidavit. And like I said in the other episode,
- 16:52Speaker 2: I think that all of that stuff should be turned over.
- 16:55Speaker 2: I don't see how any of that stuff is something
- 16:57Speaker 2: that shouldn't be given during discovery. Insisting it is not
- 17:02Speaker 2: a fishing expedition, Mr. Koberger's attorney said they need the
- 17:06Speaker 2: evidence to be able to give him a strong defense,
- 17:09Speaker 2: particularly now that he is facing a death sentence. And
- 17:13Speaker 2: that does knock it into another hemisphere. Once you're talking
- 17:17Speaker 2: about a death penalty case, you're now talking about a
- 17:19Speaker 2: higher standard to get this conviction.
- 17:22Speaker 1: And it leads me to believe, as I've.
- 17:24Speaker 2: Said earlier, that the state of Idaho has their stuff
- 17:28Speaker 2: together here and they're ready to go. There is a
- 17:31Speaker 2: heightened standard now that the state has announced its intent
- 17:34Speaker 2: to seek the death penalty. And these are very relevant
- 17:37Speaker 2: pieces of information, Mr. Kohlberger's attorney said. Prosecutors argued that
- 17:43Speaker 2: most of those materials have already been made available to
- 17:47Speaker 2: the defense. The state also noted that that the officer's
- 17:50Speaker 2: training records do not pertain to the case and could
- 17:54Speaker 2: set an unfavorable precedent in future cases. And I happen
- 17:58Speaker 2: to agree with that. So every time someone gets arrested,
- 18:02Speaker 2: the defendant can request the records of the arresting officer?
- 18:07Speaker 2: What's the point in that? Seems like just more clerical work.
- 18:10Speaker 2: Here's an idea. Focus on your guilt or your innocence.
- 18:14Speaker 1: Mr.
- 18:14Speaker 2: Kohlberger's defense said that while there were more than 120
- 18:18Speaker 2: officers who worked in the murder investigation, they were only
- 18:22Speaker 2: requesting records from the three of them who played a
- 18:25Speaker 2: critical role by collecting evidence, following up on tips, and
- 18:29Speaker 2: conducting more than a dozen interviews. The judge told the
- 18:34Speaker 2: court that he will be issuing a written ruling with
- 18:37Speaker 2: the evidence that the prosecution must turn in by July 14th.
- 18:41Speaker 1: So that's the deadline.
- 18:43Speaker 2: And... By that time, if they don't turn over the
- 18:46Speaker 2: evidence that's in their possession, then the judge is going
- 18:49Speaker 2: to order them to do so. In a series of
- 18:53Speaker 2: recent court filings, the defenses argued that the prosecution should
- 18:57Speaker 2: hand over all information about the genetic genealogy and DNA
- 19:02Speaker 2: evidence which ties Mr. Kohlberger to the murders of the
- 19:06Speaker 2: four slain students, Kaylee Gonsalves, Madison Mogan, Ethan Chapin, and
- 19:11Speaker 2: Zanna Kernodal. This includes information about the scientists who carried
- 19:16Speaker 2: out the DNA testing and what it was that led
- 19:19Speaker 2: authorities to suspect him in the first place. Investigators linked
- 19:24Speaker 2: the 28-year-old criminology PhD student to the murders through a
- 19:29Speaker 2: military knife sheath that the killer allegedly left behind at
- 19:33Speaker 2: the scene of the 13th of November stabbings. So that
- 19:37Speaker 2: is the most critical piece of evidence. I want to
- 19:40Speaker 2: reiterate that. And unless Brian Kohlberger's team can knock this
- 19:44Speaker 2: evidence down and put some doubt there, there's going to
- 19:48Speaker 2: be a big problem for his... defense overall. Because I
- 19:52Speaker 2: don't see how they can avoid this sheath coming back
- 19:55Speaker 2: to really haunt them. And it's not what I think.
- 19:58Speaker 2: It's not what you think. It's not what some knucklehead
- 20:01Speaker 2: named The Sleuthy thinks on Twitter. It's what the Jerry's
- 20:05Speaker 2: going to think. And the jury is going to want
- 20:08Speaker 2: answers as to why this DNA is on the sheath.
- 20:13Speaker 2: The sheath was found next to Mogan's body in her
- 20:15Speaker 2: bed on the third floor of the student home. DNA
- 20:19Speaker 2: discovered on the sheath was found to be a match
- 20:21Speaker 2: to Mr. Koberger after the FBI checked the sample against
- 20:25Speaker 2: genetic genealogy databases and tipped off local authorities.
- 20:30Speaker 1: According to prosecutors.
- 20:31Speaker 2: Now, remember, the FBI was heavily involved here and not
- 20:35Speaker 2: just the FBI, but the Behavioral Analysis Unit, BAU. And
- 20:40Speaker 2: they're the ones that are in charge of serial killers
- 20:44Speaker 2: and all of the other freakazoids that are running around society.
- 20:48Speaker 2: So they were involved from the very beginning, building a
- 20:51Speaker 2: profile here and putting together some evidence. So the FBI
- 20:55Speaker 2: had all their big dogs involved here when it comes
- 20:58Speaker 2: to the murders in Moscow. After collecting trash from the
- 21:03Speaker 2: suspect's parents' home in the Pocono Mountains, a familial match
- 21:07Speaker 2: from Mr. Koberger's father was first made to the knife
- 21:10Speaker 2: sheath before a statistical match was made to the accused
- 21:13Speaker 2: killer himself through DNA samples taken following his arrest on
- 21:18Speaker 2: the 30th of December.
- 21:20Speaker 1: But Mr.
- 21:20Speaker 2: Koberger's defense is seeking to cast doubt on the state's
- 21:24Speaker 2: use of genetic genealogy in the case. Of course they are. Listen,
- 21:29Speaker 2: Ann Taylor understands what's going on here. And she understands
- 21:32Speaker 2: what evidence is really damning to her client. And that
- 21:36Speaker 2: evidence is the DNA that is on the knife sheath.
- 21:40Speaker 2: Because without that, all of this other stuff unravels. In
- 21:44Speaker 2: a court filing submitted last week, his attorneys insisted he
- 21:48Speaker 2: has no connection to the four slain students and claimed
- 21:51Speaker 2: that DNA from three other unidentified men was also found
- 21:56Speaker 2: at the Grizzly crime scene. DNA from two other men
- 21:59Speaker 2: was found inside the off-campus student home, while DNA from
- 22:03Speaker 2: a third unknown man was found on a glove found
- 22:07Speaker 2: outside the property on November 20th, the documents state.
- 22:11Speaker 1: Yeah?
- 22:12Speaker 2: How many of those DNA profiles were found on the
- 22:15Speaker 2: knife sheath? By December 17th, 2022, Lab analysts were aware
- 22:22Speaker 2: of two additional male DNA patterns within the house where
- 22:26Speaker 2: the deceased were located and another unknown male DNA on
- 22:30Speaker 2: a glove found outside the residence on November 20th of 2022. Mr.
- 22:35Speaker 2: Kohlberger's attorney, Jay Logsdon, writes in the filing, To this date,
- 22:40Speaker 2: the defense is unaware of what sort of testing, if any,
- 22:45Speaker 2: was conducted on these samples other than the STR DNA profiles.
- 22:50Speaker 2: So they're trying to sow a little bit of doubt here.
- 22:52Speaker 2: But as we know, this house was notorious for having
- 22:55Speaker 2: people over. So unless this DNA is on the knife sheath,
- 23:00Speaker 2: you know, the unknown DNA, then I don't even care.
- 23:04Speaker 1: What does it even mean?
- 23:05Speaker 2: Considering that those DNA patterns weren't found on the knife sheath.
- 23:09Speaker 2: So you see, it all comes back to that knife sheath, folks.
- 23:12Speaker 2: And that knife sheath is going to prove to be
- 23:15Speaker 2: Brian Koberger's undoing, in my opinion. Further, these three separate
- 23:20Speaker 2: and distinct male DNA profiles were not identified through CODIS,
- 23:25Speaker 2: leading to the conclusion that the profiles do not belong
- 23:28Speaker 2: to Mr.
- 23:28Speaker 1: Kohlberger.
- 23:30Speaker 2: The defense also said that there is no DNA evidence
- 23:33Speaker 2: from the victims in Mr. Kohlberger's apartment, office, home, or vehicle.
- 23:40Speaker 2: The suspected killer's legal team accused prosecutors of hiding its
- 23:44Speaker 2: entire case from the defendant by trying to keep its
- 23:47Speaker 2: method Of genetic genealogy investigation.
- 23:51Speaker 1: A secret. That's a bunch of nonsense. Come on.
- 23:54Speaker 2: Now of course the defense is going to do that.
- 23:57Speaker 2: They're going to assert this. Because what happens is. People
- 24:00Speaker 2: will pick up on that. And they'll start writing headlines.
- 24:03Speaker 2: They'll start writing articles. And that's exactly what the defense wants.
- 24:07Speaker 2: You want to talk about. Tainting a jury pool. Well
- 24:10Speaker 2: they're trying to do the opposite. What they're trying to do.
- 24:13Speaker 2: Is shine a different light on Brian Kohlberger.
- 24:16Speaker 1: End on Brian.
- 24:17Speaker 2: Koberger's situation and make it seem like he is being
- 24:20Speaker 2: railroaded by the state of Idaho. They claim that authorities
- 24:24Speaker 2: don't want the suspect to see how many other people
- 24:27Speaker 2: the FBI chose to ignore during their investigation. The defense
- 24:32Speaker 2: is also demanding prosecutors hand over the DNA profiles of
- 24:37Speaker 2: the three other males whose DNA was found at the scene.
- 24:41Speaker 2: In a separate motion, the defense is also seeking the
- 24:44Speaker 2: court to force prosecutors to to hand over all records
- 24:47Speaker 2: around the grand jury proceedings, which culminated in Mr. Kohlberger's
- 24:51Speaker 2: indictment on four counts of murder and one burglary charge.
- 24:56Speaker 2: The legal team argues it is crucial to him fighting
- 24:59Speaker 2: the indictment against him. A third motion being argued is
- 25:03Speaker 2: around the stay of proceedings, with the defense arguing that
- 25:06Speaker 2: the case should be put on hold until the matter
- 25:09Speaker 2: of the grand jury record is resolved in court. Mr.
- 25:13Speaker 2: Kohlberger's latest court appearance came one day after prosecutors announced
- 25:18Speaker 2: that they are seeking the death penalty against them, saying
- 25:21Speaker 2: that the murder was especially heinous, atrocious, or cruel, manifesting
- 25:27Speaker 2: exceptional depravity, and that the defendant showed utter disregard for
- 25:31Speaker 2: human life. I don't see anything untrue about that statement,
- 25:36Speaker 2: especially considering the brutality we saw with these murders.
- 25:40Speaker 1: Mr.
- 25:41Speaker 2: Koberger is scheduled to stand trial on October 2nd for
- 25:44Speaker 2: the murders of Gonsalves, Mogan, Kernodle, and Chapin.
- 25:49Speaker 1: Mr.
- 25:49Speaker 2: Koberger is accused of breaking into an off-campus student home
- 25:53Speaker 2: on King Road in the early hours of November 13th
- 25:57Speaker 2: and stabbing the four students to death with a large
- 26:00Speaker 2: military-style knife. Two other female roommates lived with the three
- 26:04Speaker 2: women at the property and were home at the time
- 26:07Speaker 2: of the massacre but survived. One of the survivors, Dylan Mortensen,
- 26:12Speaker 2: came face to face with the mass killer, dressed head
- 26:15Speaker 2: to toe in black and with bushy eyebrows as he
- 26:18Speaker 2: left the home in the aftermath of the murders, according
- 26:21Speaker 2: to the criminal affidavit. For more than six weeks, the
- 26:25Speaker 2: college town of Moscow was plunged into fear as the
- 26:28Speaker 2: accused killer remained at large with no arrest made and
- 26:31Speaker 2: no suspects named. Then, on December 30th, law enforcement suddenly
- 26:37Speaker 2: swooped on Mr. Koberger's family home in Albrightville, Pennsylvania, and
- 26:41Speaker 2: arrested him for the quadruple murders. The motives remain unknown,
- 26:46Speaker 2: and it is still unclear what connection the WSU PhD
- 26:51Speaker 2: student had to the University of Idaho students, if any,
- 26:54Speaker 2: prior to the murders. The murder weapon, a fixed blade knife,
- 26:58Speaker 2: has still never been found. As a criminal justice PhD
- 27:03Speaker 2: student at WSU, Mr. Kohlberger lived just 15 minutes from
- 27:07Speaker 2: the victims over the Idaho-Washington border in Pullman. He had
- 27:12Speaker 2: moved there from Pennsylvania and began his studies there that summer,
- 27:16Speaker 2: having just completed his first semester before his arrest. Before this,
- 27:21Speaker 2: he studied criminology at DeSalas University, first as an undergraduate
- 27:26Speaker 2: and then finishing his graduate studies in June of 2022.
- 27:32Speaker 2: While there, he studied under renowned forensic psychologist Catherine Ramsland,
- 27:37Speaker 2: who interviewed the BTK serial killer and co-wrote the book
- 27:41Speaker 2: Confession of a Serial Killer, the untold story of Dennis Rader,
- 27:46Speaker 2: the BTK killer, with him. He also carried out a
- 27:50Speaker 2: research project to understand how emotions and psychological traits influence
- 27:55Speaker 2: decision-making when committing a crime. Well, folks, the fight is
- 27:59Speaker 2: certainly on in Idaho between Brian Koberger and the prosecutors.
- 28:04Speaker 2: And it looks like they're taking the gloves off and
- 28:07Speaker 2: they're getting ready for quite the bare knuckle dust up.
- 28:11Speaker 2: And we're going to be here every step of the
- 28:13Speaker 2: way following along with what happens. All right, folks, that's
- 28:17Speaker 2: going to do it for this one. All of the
- 28:19Speaker 2: information that goes with the episode can be found in
- 28:22Speaker 2: the description box.
- 28:24Speaker 1: Judy was happy holidays and welcome back to the program.
- 28:28Speaker 2: As we're all aware at this point, Judge Megan Marshall
- 28:31Speaker 2: has dropped a gag order over the Brian Koberger trial
- 28:36Speaker 2: and investigation. And because of that gag order, there has
- 28:40Speaker 2: been limited news coming out from official channels. But even
- 28:45Speaker 2: with that gag order thrown over this case, the media
- 28:49Speaker 2: is still causing irreparable harm when it comes to the
- 28:53Speaker 2: trial of Brian Koberger. And this was said by Judge
- 28:58Speaker 2: John C. Judge, who sat in for the Brian Kohlberger arraignment. So,
- 29:03Speaker 2: let's get into this article from KTVB7, and let's see
- 29:07Speaker 2: what Judge Judge had to say. Headline, Judge warns of
- 29:12Speaker 2: irreparable harm in Idaho murder case. There is a lot
- 29:16Speaker 2: of irreparable harm from the media that is affecting a
- 29:19Speaker 2: fair trial. Judge John C. Judge said, this is a
- 29:23Speaker 2: very high profile case. I wonder if the defense, is
- 29:27Speaker 2: going to sink their teeth into that. Come later on
- 29:30Speaker 2: when it's time for appeal, I wouldn't be shocked to
- 29:32Speaker 2: see them add that to part of their push if
- 29:35Speaker 2: and when Brian Kohlberger is convicted at an appeal. because
- 29:40Speaker 2: they'll say that even the judge judge judge thinks that
- 29:44Speaker 2: the media caused irreparable harm to the trial so how
- 29:48Speaker 2: could Brian Kohlberger ever get a fair trial don't think
- 29:52Speaker 2: they won't argue that because they will remember When the
- 29:56Speaker 2: evidence is stacked against you, like it is against Brian Koberger,
- 29:59Speaker 2: or appears to be against Brian Koberger, your only hope
- 30:03Speaker 2: is technicalities and loopholes. And for my money, I don't
- 30:07Speaker 2: think the media has enough information at this point to
- 30:10Speaker 2: cause irreparable harm. This article was authored by Alexandra Dugan.
- 30:17Speaker 2: A Latah County judge issued a stark warning following Brian
- 30:21Speaker 2: Koberger's arraignment that the media... has done irreparable harm to
- 30:26Speaker 2: Kohlberger's case and could affect his right to a fair trial.
- 30:30Speaker 2: Talk about getting an assist from a judge. This dude
- 30:33Speaker 2: just rides in in his Buick Regal or whatever and
- 30:36Speaker 2: starts talking about irreparable harm, even though there's a gag
- 30:40Speaker 2: order thrown over the case.
- 30:41Speaker 1: What does that even mean?
- 30:42Speaker 2: Does he want the media not to talk about Brian
- 30:45Speaker 2: Kohlberger at all? Because that's not how it works. It's
- 30:49Speaker 2: up to the jury to to remain untainted. The media's
- 30:52Speaker 2: job is to report the news. I know they don't
- 30:55Speaker 2: do that very well these days, but the point stands,
- 30:58Speaker 2: that's what their job is supposed to be. And if
- 31:01Speaker 2: they don't have access to that news, how can they
- 31:03Speaker 2: be causing irreparable harm? Judge John C. Judge told the
- 31:08Speaker 2: court that the media and attorneys alike have a larger
- 31:12Speaker 2: responsibility to the Sixth Amendment, the right to a speedy trial,
- 31:16Speaker 2: by an impartial jury. This is where it gets tangled.
- 31:19Speaker 2: because the argument now becomes a constitutional one. At what
- 31:22Speaker 2: point does his Sixth Amendment impede on other people's First
- 31:27Speaker 2: Amendment and vice versa? So this is where the court
- 31:30Speaker 2: has to step in and be the mediator and figure
- 31:33Speaker 2: out the best course forward. After Kohlberger, the man accused
- 31:38Speaker 2: of killing four University of Idaho students, stood silent on
- 31:41Speaker 2: Monday during his plea and the not guilty plea was
- 31:45Speaker 2: entered on his behalf, a hearing was held to decide
- 31:47Speaker 2: whether when to hear arguments on a non-dissemination order within
- 31:52Speaker 2: the case. Known as a gag order, it forces those
- 31:56Speaker 2: involved in the investigation or with knowledge of any evidence
- 32:01Speaker 2: to abstain from commenting.
- 32:03Speaker 1: About the case.
- 32:04Speaker 2: On February 6th, the Associated Press and other local Idaho
- 32:08Speaker 2: media outlets filed a motion to nullify the gag order
- 32:12Speaker 2: in the case, citing First Amendment violations. A scheduling conference
- 32:16Speaker 2: for arguments on this motion, was held at 11 a.m.
- 32:20Speaker 2: in front of the judge. And remember, there's over 30
- 32:23Speaker 2: media organizations making this push to try and get this
- 32:27Speaker 2: information to the public. Now, of course, remember, they're self-serving.
- 32:31Speaker 2: But when the media is talking about this and the
- 32:33Speaker 2: reason they're going to these lengths, they'll say it's about
- 32:36Speaker 2: the First Amendment, but really, it's about driving clicks. It's
- 32:40Speaker 2: about driving people to their websites. It's about people reading
- 32:44Speaker 2: their magazines. That's what it comes down to. But at
- 32:47Speaker 2: the same time, They are providing a service, should be anyway,
- 32:51Speaker 2: to the people, to the public, and providing a transparent
- 32:54Speaker 2: look at the process. But at what point does that
- 32:59Speaker 2: process impede Brian Kohlberger's right to the Sixth Amendment? And
- 33:04Speaker 2: that's the big question here. And that's the question that
- 33:07Speaker 2: Judge Judge is going to have to figure out. Ultimately,
- 33:11Speaker 2: he decided to hear the AP's arguments on the matter
- 33:14Speaker 2: on June 9th at 1.30 p.m. That will include discussions
- 33:19Speaker 2: on whether or not to have cameras in the courtroom
- 33:21Speaker 2: during future proceedings, but not without some words for the
- 33:25Speaker 2: AP's attorneys and the media sitting, watching, and writing in
- 33:30Speaker 2: the courtroom. So, of course, he's going to admonish the
- 33:33Speaker 2: media a bit, right? Seems like that kind of judge,
- 33:36Speaker 2: a guy that doesn't really want any nonsense from the
- 33:42Speaker 2: anything he's working on. And if this is any example
- 33:46Speaker 2: of how he feels, I wouldn't expect him to be
- 33:50Speaker 2: any less strict as far as a gag order goes.
- 33:54Speaker 2: And also keep in mind, judges hate to go against precedent.
- 33:57Speaker 2: So if another judge has already slapped this with a
- 34:00Speaker 2: gag order, it would take a lot of evidence pointing
- 34:04Speaker 2: to the other way for this judge to go back
- 34:07Speaker 2: on the precedent already set by Judge Marshall. Irreparable harm
- 34:11Speaker 2: goes both ways, Judge said. Arguing that the First Amendment
- 34:15Speaker 2: is absolute is also troubling. The Associated Press needs to
- 34:20Speaker 2: tone it down. So basically telling the Associated Press and
- 34:24Speaker 2: the media that their First Amendment rights are not going
- 34:27Speaker 2: to trump Brian Kohlberger's Sixth Amendment right, at least not
- 34:31Speaker 2: in his courtroom. And I think that's a bit of
- 34:34Speaker 2: foreshadowing for what we'll see when he makes his ruling.
- 34:38Speaker 2: Judge said that some of the coverage from certain media
- 34:41Speaker 2: outlets is concerning. Well, what does that even mean, though?
- 34:45Speaker 2: What are they covering of substance? They're talking about the case,
- 34:48Speaker 2: but they don't have their hands on anything that's worthwhile,
- 34:52Speaker 2: nothing that's going to change a jury's interpretation of what
- 34:55Speaker 2: the evidence is. So I don't really know what he's
- 34:58Speaker 2: prattling on about here. And I get it, right? We
- 35:01Speaker 2: want to make sure that this is fair, that the
- 35:03Speaker 2: process is fair for everybody. The last thing we want
- 35:06Speaker 2: is Kohlberger to have a leg to stand on when
- 35:09Speaker 2: all is said and done and cry about how the
- 35:11Speaker 2: process wasn't fair for him. But the judge also has
- 35:15Speaker 2: to be aware that the public has rights as well.
- 35:19Speaker 2: And unless the media starts releasing leaks from people who
- 35:23Speaker 2: are involved in the case as far as an official capacity,
- 35:27Speaker 2: I think his concerns here are a bit overblown. Meanwhile, cameras,
- 35:33Speaker 2: media tents, and reporters remained outside in the Latah County
- 35:37Speaker 2: Courthouse parking lot to fill viewers in on what happened
- 35:40Speaker 2: during Kohlberger's arraignment. Journalists from across the United States planted
- 35:44Speaker 2: their feet in Moscow to get a glimpse of the
- 35:47Speaker 2: proceedings for themselves. Judge said his job is to consider
- 35:51Speaker 2: the harms or the injuries that could occur in this
- 35:54Speaker 2: case from anyone. So basically saying he has to be
- 35:58Speaker 2: aware and cognizant of everything that's going on. And at
- 36:03Speaker 2: the end of the day, he's going to be the
- 36:05Speaker 2: one to make the decision about what happens in that
- 36:08Speaker 2: courtroom and what happens outside of it as well when
- 36:12Speaker 2: it comes to the gag order. We all have constitutional
- 36:15Speaker 2: responsibilities to the First and the Sixth Amendment. What I
- 36:19Speaker 2: am seeing in the newspaper is no discussion about the
- 36:22Speaker 2: importance of the Sixth Amendment, Judge said. Look, It is
- 36:26Speaker 2: huge that every single one of those constitutional amendments is respected.
- 36:32Speaker 2: And that goes for somebody like Brian Kohlberger and his
- 36:35Speaker 2: constitutional rights as well. No matter how much circumstantial evidence
- 36:40Speaker 2: we have seen, and no matter how much we believe
- 36:43Speaker 2: that he is guilty, he has not been convicted yet.
- 36:46Speaker 2: So he has every right, just like every one of us,
- 36:50Speaker 2: to have his constitutional rights protected. And that's what the
- 36:55Speaker 2: judge is trying to say here.
- 36:57Speaker 1: And I get it.
- 36:58Speaker 2: And I'm on board with that 100%. Brian Kohlberger deserves
- 37:02Speaker 2: a right to a fair trial. But at the same time,
- 37:05Speaker 2: that doesn't mean he should be deflected from any kind
- 37:08Speaker 2: of criticism by the public. Because the public is looking
- 37:12Speaker 2: at this evidence and it doesn't look good for Brian Kohlberger.
- 37:16Speaker 2: So when you have all of that evidence presented and
- 37:19Speaker 2: you're looking at it and you put it all together,
- 37:22Speaker 2: it's very hard to come to any other conclusion besides
- 37:26Speaker 2: that the evidence compiled and released to the public points
- 37:29Speaker 2: only to one person. And also remember, it's not the
- 37:33Speaker 2: public's job to be the jury. The public's going to
- 37:36Speaker 2: have its opinion one way or the other. And that
- 37:39Speaker 2: should never, ever have any sort of sway within the court.
- 37:44Speaker 2: And we've seen it with a lot of high profile
- 37:46Speaker 2: cases before. And they were able to find juries for
- 37:49Speaker 2: those cases. We saw it with Lori Vallow. We saw
- 37:52Speaker 2: it with Murdoch. We saw it with Ghislaine Maxwell. And
- 37:55Speaker 2: on and on and on again. And we'll see it
- 37:57Speaker 2: once again here with Brian Koberger. There'll be some wrangling.
- 38:01Speaker 2: There'll be some arguing. But when all is said and done,
- 38:04Speaker 2: we'll get the 16 jurors. And of those 16, 12
- 38:08Speaker 2: of them will be the jurors that are going to
- 38:10Speaker 2: render a decision and a verdict on Brian Koberger.
- 38:14Speaker 1: And I have no doubt.
- 38:16Speaker 2: Kohlberger is considered innocent until proven guilty in a court
- 38:19Speaker 2: of law. His trial is set for October 2nd, since
- 38:23Speaker 2: the judge issued a not guilty plea for him. But
- 38:26Speaker 2: that could change if there is good cause to delay it.
- 38:29Speaker 2: And like I said earlier, I would expect it to
- 38:31Speaker 2: be delayed. I would expect this trial to definitely be
- 38:33Speaker 2: delayed a little bit. And when that would be, I
- 38:36Speaker 2: don't know. But it's very complex. There's a lot of
- 38:39Speaker 2: moving parts and there's a lot of stuff that has
- 38:41Speaker 2: to be dealt with on both sides. So what does
- 38:46Speaker 2: standing silent during a plea really mean? Former Ada County
- 38:51Speaker 2: Chief Deputy Prosecutor Gene Fisher told KTVB that standing silent
- 38:56Speaker 2: doesn't have any detrimental effect on a defendant. Standing silent
- 39:01Speaker 2: could help the defense if they intend to file a
- 39:04Speaker 2: motion of Kohlberger's competency. They wouldn't want him assisting the court.
- 39:08Speaker 2: by answering legal questions and then turn around and file
- 39:12Speaker 2: 18 to 11 motion asserting he is not presently competent
- 39:16Speaker 2: to stand trial. I obviously don't know if that is
- 39:20Speaker 2: considered at all. Just saying that is about the only
- 39:24Speaker 2: upside to standing silent, Fisher said. And I don't know
- 39:27Speaker 2: if he'd try that move, saying he's not competent, considering
- 39:30Speaker 2: the dude's a narcissist. This means that he did not
- 39:34Speaker 2: enter a plea, but a plea was entered on his
- 39:36Speaker 2: behalf to move forward. Kohlberger has the right to remain
- 39:40Speaker 2: silent during his plea, as specified under the Fifth Amendment.
- 39:44Speaker 2: Anything a defendant says or does in a proceeding or
- 39:48Speaker 2: interview is can be held against them at a later date.
- 39:52Speaker 2: Kohlberger is accused of entering a home at 1122 King
- 39:56Speaker 2: Road in Moscow on November 13, 2022, with the intent
- 40:00Speaker 2: to murder a probable cause affidavit states. He is charged
- 40:04Speaker 2: with four counts of first-degree murder in the stabbing deaths
- 40:07Speaker 2: of Madison Mogan, Kaylee Gonsalves, Zanna Kernodle, and her boyfriend,
- 40:12Speaker 2: Ethan Chapin. The Gonsalves family has hired attorney Shannon Gray
- 40:17Speaker 2: to represent them, who has filed a motion in relation
- 40:20Speaker 2: to the gag order. He aims to clarify or amend
- 40:24Speaker 2: the order so he can speak on behalf of the
- 40:26Speaker 2: family more freely. Gray's hearing regarding the non-dissemination order is
- 40:31Speaker 2: also scheduled for June 9th at 1030 a.m. So there's
- 40:36Speaker 2: a quick update on what's going on with the gag
- 40:39Speaker 2: order and what Judge Judge had to say about the
- 40:42Speaker 2: media and irreparable harm. So we'll see what happens here
- 40:46Speaker 2: when he makes his decision. But I highly doubt we're
- 40:49Speaker 2: going to hear anything different than we heard from Judge Marshall.
- 40:53Speaker 2: And that's because of a lot of the factors that
- 40:55Speaker 2: he brought up in his initial statement and the fact
- 40:59Speaker 2: that precedent has already been set. All right, folks, that's
- 41:03Speaker 2: going to do it for this one. All of the
- 41:04Speaker 2: information that goes with the episode can be found in
- 41:07Speaker 2: the description box.