Latest / Prose Edda / 015 - Skaldskaparmal 47-52

Transcript

015 - Skaldskaparmal 47-52 · Prose Edda

• 0:00
  Speaker 1: Skulds Caparmal, sections forty seven to fifty two of the
• 0:06
  Speaker 1: prose etta by Snorri Sturlusson, translated by Arthur Gilchrist Brodeur
• 0:11
  Speaker 1: eighteen eighty eight nineteen seventy one. This LibriVox recording is
• 0:15
  Speaker 1: in the public domain recording by expatriate in Bangor, Maine.
• 0:21
  Speaker 1: The Poesy of Skulds section forty seven. How should battle
• 0:27
  Speaker 1: be paraphrased by calling it storm of weapons, or of
• 0:31
  Speaker 1: sheltering shields, or of odin, or of the volkirs, or
• 0:35
  Speaker 1: of host kings and din and clashing? Thus sang horn Clofi.
• 0:41
  Speaker 1: The king hath held a spear storm with heroes, where
• 0:45
  Speaker 1: the eagles screamed at the din of Skugul, the red
• 0:49
  Speaker 1: wounds spat out blood. Thus sang Ivender, And that hero
• 0:54
  Speaker 1: at Harr's tempest, wore a sark of gray wolf skin.
• 0:59
  Speaker 1: Thus Bersi. In earlier days I seemed not to guns
• 1:04
  Speaker 1: war bushes useful in the sleet of Luk. When younger
• 1:08
  Speaker 1: we were so, tis said, Thus sang Einar. The stark
• 1:13
  Speaker 1: prince lets Hilder's shield sails take the sternest crashing storm
• 1:18
  Speaker 1: wind of the Valkiir, where hail of bow strings drives
• 1:22
  Speaker 1: the sword bloyde hammers as Einar tinkling scale sang. The
• 1:28
  Speaker 1: male sarks of the warrior's firm woven did not shelter
• 1:32
  Speaker 1: the seemly youths gives Hudni's showers of Hakkun's onset, even
• 1:38
  Speaker 1: as here they set the point net's edge band against
• 1:42
  Speaker 1: the point crash urdure, and again neath eagle's claws, the
• 1:47
  Speaker 1: king's foes sank at the clash of Gundul. Section forty eight.
• 1:53
  Speaker 1: Weapons and armor should be paraphrased in figures of battle,
• 1:57
  Speaker 1: and with reference to Odin and the Valkirs and host kings.
• 2:01
  Speaker 1: One should call a helmet, cowl or hood, a burny
• 2:04
  Speaker 1: sark or kirtle, a shield tent, and a shield wall
• 2:09
  Speaker 1: is turned hall and roof wall in floor. Shields paraphrased
• 2:14
  Speaker 1: in figures of warships are called sun or moon or
• 2:17
  Speaker 1: leaf or sheen or garth of the ship. The shield
• 2:21
  Speaker 1: is also called ship of uller or paraphrased in terms
• 2:25
  Speaker 1: of roong Near's feet, since he stood upon his shield.
• 2:29
  Speaker 1: On ancient shields, it was customary to paint a circle,
• 2:33
  Speaker 1: which was called the ring, and shields are called in
• 2:36
  Speaker 1: metaphors of that ring. Hewing weapons, axes or swords are
• 2:41
  Speaker 1: called fires of blood or of wounds. Swords are called
• 2:45
  Speaker 1: Odin's fires, but men call axes by the names of
• 2:48
  Speaker 1: troll women and paraphrase them in terms of blood or wounds,
• 2:53
  Speaker 1: or a forest or wood. Thrusting weapons are properly paraphrased
• 2:57
  Speaker 1: by calling them by names of serpents or fishes. Missile
• 3:01
  Speaker 1: weapons are often metaphorically termed hail or sleet or storm.
• 3:07
  Speaker 1: Variants of all these figures have been made in many ways,
• 3:10
  Speaker 1: for they are used chiefly in poems of praise, where
• 3:13
  Speaker 1: there is need of such metaphors. So sang Viga Glummer
• 3:18
  Speaker 1: with the hanged God's helmet. The hosts have ceased from
• 3:21
  Speaker 1: going by the brink. Not pleasant, the bravest held the venture.
• 3:27
  Speaker 1: Thus sang Einar tinkling scale, helm, folded, strife, bold buoy,
• 3:32
  Speaker 1: who from the south went forth into guns, crash and
• 3:36
  Speaker 1: din swift. Sigvaldi offered battle sark of ROADI as tinder
• 3:42
  Speaker 1: sang when came the burnied Hakun to cast away the
• 3:46
  Speaker 1: ring rent streaming sark of Odin Rhody's rocking sea steeds
• 3:51
  Speaker 1: were cleared Homdir's Kurtel as Halfreder sang. The war sleet
• 3:58
  Speaker 1: hard in streaming of aegil weapons breaketh fiercely on hum
• 4:02
  Speaker 1: Deer's kurdles of the foremost wave Deer's warriors Surli's garments,
• 4:08
  Speaker 1: as he sang further. Thence the bright weeds of Surli
• 4:12
  Speaker 1: in men's blood must be reddened. I hear it clearly
• 4:16
  Speaker 1: wound fire in cutting showers of iron shields are called
• 4:21
  Speaker 1: tents of Hluk, as Greteir sang. Hook's tent raisers held
• 4:27
  Speaker 1: their noses together, and the heroes of the rain storm
• 4:30
  Speaker 1: of Hilder's shield wall hewed at each other's beards. Rhode's
• 4:35
  Speaker 1: roof as Ininar sang, Rdie's roof's great icelump for the
• 4:41
  Speaker 1: rain of Freya's eyelids grows not less, my fair axe,
• 4:44
  Speaker 1: said his age, my lord so Useth Wall of Hilder,
• 4:50
  Speaker 1: as Greteer sang, and as we have written before, Ship's son,
• 4:55
  Speaker 1: as Einar sang in the sea Olafar's kinsmen read ddens
• 5:00
  Speaker 1: the flame of the ship's sun moon of the ship's cheek,
• 5:04
  Speaker 1: as Rougher sang. Fair was the day when scatterers of
• 5:09
  Speaker 1: arm fire thrust the clear moon of the cheek into
• 5:12
  Speaker 1: my hand clasp the coiling track of red rings ship's garth.
• 5:17
  Speaker 1: As Here the swift cellar of the spear crash shot
• 5:22
  Speaker 1: through the stain dyed prowgarth, as it were birch bark.
• 5:26
  Speaker 1: Truly he was a bitter battler ash of Uller. As
• 5:30
  Speaker 1: here the snow gusts of Uller's ash ship grimly o'er
• 5:35
  Speaker 1: our prints shoot with fullness, where our tossing the fearsome
• 5:39
  Speaker 1: covered spike spars blade of hrung Near's footsoles, as Broggie sang,
• 5:46
  Speaker 1: wilt here o horofen catil, how I shall praise the
• 5:49
  Speaker 1: soul blade of Truder's thief stain covered with skill, and
• 5:54
  Speaker 1: praise my king Broggie. The scald sang this concerning the
• 5:59
  Speaker 1: ring on the shield, unless it be that Sigurdur's renowned
• 6:04
  Speaker 1: son would have payment in good kind for the ring
• 6:07
  Speaker 1: nave of the ringing wheel of Hildur, he called the
• 6:12
  Speaker 1: shield wheel of Hilder, and the ring the nave of
• 6:15
  Speaker 1: the wheel ring earth, as Halvalder sang. The chief of
• 6:20
  Speaker 1: ranks of combat sees the red gleaming ring earth fly
• 6:24
  Speaker 1: in two parts. The white disk the pictured bursts in Sunder,
• 6:30
  Speaker 1: it is also sung. A ring befits the shield, best
• 6:34
  Speaker 1: arrows befit the bow. A sword is Odin's fire, as
• 6:38
  Speaker 1: Cormacher sang, the fight swelled when the warrior the Wolf's
• 6:43
  Speaker 1: blithe feeder in Tumult fared with Odin's ringing fire. Flame.
• 6:48
  Speaker 1: Order came forth from the well fire of the helm,
• 6:53
  Speaker 1: as ulfra Ugasen sang, the very mighty Maiden of the
• 6:57
  Speaker 1: Mountain made the sea horse roll forward, but the champions
• 7:01
  Speaker 1: of Odin's helm fire filled her wolf steed fire of
• 7:06
  Speaker 1: the Burney as Gloomer Gyrison sang at that the land
• 7:11
  Speaker 1: protector let the Berney's streaming fire wine hoon wedded he
• 7:16
  Speaker 1: who warded him strongly against the warriors Ice of the
• 7:21
  Speaker 1: rim and hurt of sheltering weapons, as Ininar Sang, I
• 7:26
  Speaker 1: received the ice of red rims with Freya's golden eye
• 7:29
  Speaker 1: thaw from the upright Prince, high hearted, we bear in
• 7:33
  Speaker 1: hand the helm's hurt an axe is called troll woman
• 7:38
  Speaker 1: of sheltering weapons, as Ininar Sang. Ryphield's sea Steed's riders
• 7:44
  Speaker 1: may see how richly carbon the dragons close are brooding
• 7:48
  Speaker 1: gainst the brow of the helm ogris. A spear is
• 7:52
  Speaker 1: called serpent, as refer sang my angry murky serpent of
• 7:57
  Speaker 1: the markings of the shield board. Savagely doth sport in
• 8:01
  Speaker 1: my palms were men in strife meet. Arrows are called
• 8:05
  Speaker 1: hail of the bow or bowstring, or of the shelters,
• 8:09
  Speaker 1: or of battle, as in ar tinkling scale, sang the
• 8:13
  Speaker 1: hammering king of swords shook from the sails of look
• 8:17
  Speaker 1: the bow hail bravely the wolf's supporter warded his life
• 8:21
  Speaker 1: in battle, and hulfredder and the armor of the spear
• 8:26
  Speaker 1: sleet knitted with iron, save not the satyrs of hungry
• 8:30
  Speaker 1: ravens from the shaft tail of the bowstring. And I
• 8:35
  Speaker 1: venders skuld despoiler, they said, O hoord's land warder thy
• 8:40
  Speaker 1: spirit little faltered when the berney's hail in the wound
• 8:43
  Speaker 1: burst bent were the stringed elmbows Section forty nine. Battle
• 8:51
  Speaker 1: is called storm or snow shower of the hyadnings, and
• 8:56
  Speaker 1: weapons are turned fire or wands of hayadnings. And this
• 9:00
  Speaker 1: is the tale thereof that king who was called Hugne
• 9:04
  Speaker 1: had a daughter named Hildur, her king Heden, son of
• 9:08
  Speaker 1: Hierandi took as the spoils of war, while King Hugne
• 9:12
  Speaker 1: attended an assembly of kings. But when he learned that
• 9:16
  Speaker 1: there had been raiding in his realm and his daughter
• 9:18
  Speaker 1: had been born off, he departed with his host to
• 9:21
  Speaker 1: seek Heden, and heard tidings of him that he was
• 9:25
  Speaker 1: proceeding northward along the land. When Hugni had come into Norway,
• 9:30
  Speaker 1: he learned that Heden had sailed westward over the sea.
• 9:33
  Speaker 1: Then Hugni sailed after him even to the Orkneys, and
• 9:38
  Speaker 1: when he landed at the place called Hoy, Heden was
• 9:41
  Speaker 1: already there before him with his boat. Then Hilda went
• 9:44
  Speaker 1: to meet her father and offered him a necklace on
• 9:47
  Speaker 1: Heden's behalf for reconciliation and peace. But if it were
• 9:51
  Speaker 1: not accepted, she said, Heden was ready to fight, and
• 9:55
  Speaker 1: Hugni might hope for no mercy at his hands. Hugni
• 9:59
  Speaker 1: answer his daughter harshly, and when she returned to Hedine,
• 10:03
  Speaker 1: she told him that Hugni desired no reconciliation, and she
• 10:07
  Speaker 1: bade him make ready for battle. So did both parties.
• 10:11
  Speaker 1: They went to the island and marshaled their hosts. Then
• 10:14
  Speaker 1: Hedin called to Hugne, his father in law, offering him
• 10:18
  Speaker 1: reconciliation and much gold in compensation. But Hugny answered, thou
• 10:23
  Speaker 1: hast made this offer over late, if thou wouldst make peace.
• 10:27
  Speaker 1: For now I have drawn Din's Life, which the dwarfs made,
• 10:31
  Speaker 1: and which must cause a man's death every time it
• 10:33
  Speaker 1: is bared, nor ever fails in its stroke. Moreover, the
• 10:37
  Speaker 1: wound heals not if one be scratched with it. Then
• 10:40
  Speaker 1: said Heden, thou dost boast in the sword, but not
• 10:43
  Speaker 1: in the victory. I call any sword good which is
• 10:47
  Speaker 1: faithful to its lord. Then they began that famous battle,
• 10:51
  Speaker 1: which is called the Hadening Strife, and they fought all
• 10:55
  Speaker 1: that day. But at evening the kings went to their ships.
• 10:58
  Speaker 1: Thou Hilder went to the slain by night, and with
• 11:02
  Speaker 1: magic quickened all those that were dead. The next day
• 11:05
  Speaker 1: the kings went to the battlefield and fought, and so
• 11:08
  Speaker 1: did all those that had fallen on the day before.
• 11:11
  Speaker 1: So the fight went one day after the other. All
• 11:13
  Speaker 1: who fell, and all those weapons which lay in the field,
• 11:16
  Speaker 1: and the shields also were turned to stone. But when
• 11:20
  Speaker 1: day dawned up rose all the dead men and fought,
• 11:23
  Speaker 1: and all weapons were renewed. It is said in songs
• 11:27
  Speaker 1: that in this fashion the haddenings shall continue until the
• 11:30
  Speaker 1: weird of the gods Broggy the Scald composed verses after
• 11:35
  Speaker 1: this tale in Rugnar Lodbroke's Song of Praise, and the
• 11:40
  Speaker 1: beloved Maiden of the Vein's blood Letting purposed to bring,
• 11:44
  Speaker 1: for Wrath's sake the bow storm to her father. When
• 11:48
  Speaker 1: the ring wearing lady, the woman full of evil bore
• 11:51
  Speaker 1: the neck ring, a war doom to the battler of
• 11:54
  Speaker 1: the Wind's steeds, that gory wound, a mender to the
• 11:58
  Speaker 1: glorious monarch offered the next not for fear's sake, at
• 12:02
  Speaker 1: the moat of fatal weapons, even as restraining battle she seemed,
• 12:07
  Speaker 1: although she goaded warriors to walk the death road with
• 12:10
  Speaker 1: the ravening Wolf's dire sister, the Prince of Folk, the
• 12:15
  Speaker 1: land god let not the fight wolf gladdening halt nor
• 12:19
  Speaker 1: slaughter on the sand cease. Hate deadly swelled in Hugni
• 12:24
  Speaker 1: when the stern lords of sword Din sought Hedden with
• 12:27
  Speaker 1: stern weapons rather than receive the necklet rings of Hildur,
• 12:32
  Speaker 1: and that baleful witch of women wasting the fruits of
• 12:36
  Speaker 1: victory took governance on the island, or the axe the
• 12:39
  Speaker 1: Berney's ruin. All the ship King's war hosts went wrathful.
• 12:44
  Speaker 1: Neath the firm shields of Yarandi, swift marching from rife
• 12:48
  Speaker 1: nears fleet sea horses on the fair shield of Svilnir,
• 12:53
  Speaker 1: one may perceive the unslaught. Ragnar gave me the ship
• 12:57
  Speaker 1: Moon with many tails marked on it. Battle is called
• 13:01
  Speaker 1: storm of Odin, as is recorded above, So sang Viga gloomer,
• 13:07
  Speaker 1: I cleared my way aforetime, like earls to lands. The
• 13:11
  Speaker 1: word went of this among the storm staves the men
• 13:15
  Speaker 1: of Vidrier's sword wand. Here battle is called storm of Vidrier,
• 13:20
  Speaker 1: and the sword is the wand of battle. Men are
• 13:23
  Speaker 1: staves of the sword. Here, then, both battle and weapons
• 13:27
  Speaker 1: are used to make metaphors for men. It is called
• 13:31
  Speaker 1: in laying when one writes, thus the shield is the
• 13:34
  Speaker 1: land of weapons, and weapons are hail or reign of
• 13:38
  Speaker 1: that land. If one employs figures of later coinage Section fifty,
• 13:45
  Speaker 1: how should the ship be paraphrased? Call it horse or
• 13:49
  Speaker 1: deer or snowshoe of the sea king, or of ship's rigging,
• 13:53
  Speaker 1: or of storm steed of the billow as horn Clofy
• 13:56
  Speaker 1: sang the Council's stern destroyer of the pale steed of
• 14:01
  Speaker 1: the billow when full young let the ship's prows press
• 14:05
  Speaker 1: on the sea at flood tide, Gaetyr's steed as Ringerstein sang.
• 14:12
  Speaker 1: But though to the skuld all people this strife from
• 14:15
  Speaker 1: the south are telling we shall yet load Gaetyr's sea
• 14:19
  Speaker 1: steed with stone, we voyage gladly Swide's reindeer o son
• 14:26
  Speaker 1: of Sfayen strife valiant Thou comest with Side's reindeer long
• 14:31
  Speaker 1: of seam on the seat of Sulsi the sound. Deer
• 14:34
  Speaker 1: from land glided so sang Halvadr. Here the ship is
• 14:40
  Speaker 1: also called deer of the Sound, and the sea is
• 14:42
  Speaker 1: called Zulzi's seat. Thus sang towarder Sjareksen. The swift steed
• 14:49
  Speaker 1: of the Gunnale around sig veered from northward. The gust
• 14:54
  Speaker 1: shoved Guilfy's Stream's mirth the Gull's wake horse to southward
• 14:58
  Speaker 1: of Aumar, laying fleetly both corped and aug Der's coastline
• 15:03
  Speaker 1: along the stern by Listi the leak steed lightly bounded.
• 15:09
  Speaker 1: Here the ship is called steed of the gunwale, and
• 15:12
  Speaker 1: the sea is Gilfy's land. The sea is also called
• 15:16
  Speaker 1: Gull's wake. The ship is called horse, and further horse
• 15:20
  Speaker 1: of the leak, for leak means mast. And again, as
• 15:24
  Speaker 1: Marcus sang, the Stream's winterling waded stoutly, the firth snakes
• 15:29
  Speaker 1: snow heaps the tusker of the mastthead leaped over the
• 15:33
  Speaker 1: whale's spumed housetops. The bare of the flood strode forward
• 15:38
  Speaker 1: on the ancient paths of sea ships. The stays bare shower, breasting, broke,
• 15:44
  Speaker 1: the reefs plashing fetter. Here the ship is called winterling
• 15:49
  Speaker 1: of the stream. A bear cub is called a winterling,
• 15:53
  Speaker 1: and a bear is called tusker. The bear of the
• 15:56
  Speaker 1: stay is a ship. The ship is also called rain.
• 16:00
  Speaker 1: And so hal Vader sang as we have written before,
• 16:04
  Speaker 1: and Heart as King haraldr Sigurdisen sang by cicily, then
• 16:09
  Speaker 1: widely the seam cut we were stately the sea heart
• 16:13
  Speaker 1: glided swiftly as we hoped beneath the heroes, and elk
• 16:18
  Speaker 1: as Einar sang, the Ring's mild peace dispenser, the princely
• 16:23
  Speaker 1: hero may not long bide with thee if something aided
• 16:27
  Speaker 1: not we bound the flood's elk and otter as money sang,
• 16:33
  Speaker 1: what laggard caraled with gray cheeks canst do among keen
• 16:38
  Speaker 1: warriors on the otter of the sea waves. For thy
• 16:41
  Speaker 1: strength is ebbing from thee wolf, as refer Sang and
• 16:46
  Speaker 1: the hoarde diminisher harkened to Torstein true my heart is
• 16:51
  Speaker 1: to the lord of the wolf of billows. In the
• 16:53
  Speaker 1: baleful Wrathwan's conflict and ox. Also the ship is called
• 16:59
  Speaker 1: snowshoe or wagon or wayne. Thus sang iulfer the valiant scald.
• 17:06
  Speaker 1: Late in the day, the young earl in the snow
• 17:08
  Speaker 1: shoe of landless waters fared with equal following to meet
• 17:12
  Speaker 1: the fearless chieftain. Thus sang steercar odassan Hougni's host drove
• 17:19
  Speaker 1: the wagons of rollers or Haiti's snow heaps, angrily pursuing
• 17:25
  Speaker 1: the great giver of flood embers. And as Torbiorn sang,
• 17:30
  Speaker 1: the freighter of Wavecrest's sea wain was in the font
• 17:33
  Speaker 1: of Christening hoard scatterer, who was given the White Christ's
• 17:38
  Speaker 1: highest favor Section fifty one. How should one paraphrase Christ
• 17:45
  Speaker 1: thus by calling him fashioner of heaven and Earth, of
• 17:49
  Speaker 1: angels and of the Sun, Governor of the world and
• 17:52
  Speaker 1: of the heavenly Kingdom, and of Jerusalem and Jordan in
• 17:55
  Speaker 1: the land of the Greeks, counselor of the Apostles and
• 17:58
  Speaker 1: of the Saints. Ancient skalds have written of him in
• 18:02
  Speaker 1: metaphors of Urdur's Well and Rome. As Ilifer Runersen sang,
• 18:08
  Speaker 1: so has Rome's mighty ruler in the rocky realms confirmed
• 18:12
  Speaker 1: his power. They say, he sitteth south at the well
• 18:15
  Speaker 1: of Urdur. Thus sang skopti Torodsun, the king of monks,
• 18:21
  Speaker 1: is greatest of might, for God all governs. Christ's power
• 18:25
  Speaker 1: wrought this earth all and raised the whole of Rome,
• 18:30
  Speaker 1: King of the heavens. As Marcus sang, the King of
• 18:34
  Speaker 1: the wind house fashioned Earth's sky and faithful peoples. Christ,
• 18:38
  Speaker 1: sole Prince of mortals, hath power o'er all that liveth.
• 18:43
  Speaker 1: Thus sang i lifir Culnasvin, the host of the beaming
• 18:48
  Speaker 1: world's roof, and the band of illustrious bowed down to
• 18:51
  Speaker 1: the Holy Cross. Then all glory else the sole Son's
• 18:55
  Speaker 1: king is brighter son of Mary. As Ilifer said further,
• 19:01
  Speaker 1: the bright host of Heaven boweth to Mary's barn. He
• 19:05
  Speaker 1: winneth the gentle Prince of Glory, the true might God
• 19:09
  Speaker 1: and Man, both King of Angels, as I Liefer sang again,
• 19:15
  Speaker 1: the goodly might of God's friend is better than men
• 19:17
  Speaker 1: guess of. Yet the gracious King of Angels is dearer
• 19:21
  Speaker 1: than all and holier King of Jordan, as Sigvatr sang
• 19:27
  Speaker 1: for angels. The King of Jordan sent long ago through
• 19:30
  Speaker 1: ether to earthward and the stream washed the holy head
• 19:34
  Speaker 1: of the World's Lord, King of Greeks as arnor sang,
• 19:39
  Speaker 1: I have lodged for the hero's ashes prayers with the
• 19:42
  Speaker 1: lordly Warder of Greeks and men of Gardar. Thus I
• 19:46
  Speaker 1: pay my prince for good gifts. Thus sang I liefor Kulasvine.
• 19:52
  Speaker 1: The glory of Heaven praises Man's prince. He is king
• 19:55
  Speaker 1: of all things. Here he called Christ first king of men,
• 20:00
  Speaker 1: and again king of all e Narsculasen saying, he who
• 20:05
  Speaker 1: compasseth bright in mercy all the world, and gently careth
• 20:09
  Speaker 1: for all, cause the realm of Heaven to hope for
• 20:12
  Speaker 1: the valiant ruler Section fifty two. There the metaphors coincide,
• 20:19
  Speaker 1: and he who interposts. The language of Poesy learns to
• 20:23
  Speaker 1: distinguish which king is meant. For it is correct to
• 20:26
  Speaker 1: call the Emperor of Constantinople King of Greeks, and similarly
• 20:31
  Speaker 1: to call the king who rules of the land of
• 20:32
  Speaker 1: Jerusalem king of Jerusalem, and also to call the Emperor
• 20:36
  Speaker 1: of Rome king of Rome, and to call him King
• 20:39
  Speaker 1: of Angles, who governs England. But that Periphrasis, which was cited,
• 20:44
  Speaker 1: but now which called Christ King of men, may be
• 20:47
  Speaker 1: had by every king. It is proper to periphrase all
• 20:51
  Speaker 1: kings by calling them land rulers, or land warders, or
• 20:55
  Speaker 1: land attackers, or leader of henchmen, or warder of the people.
• 21:01
  Speaker 1: Thus sang Ivender scald despoiler, who filled the ravens from life,
• 21:06
  Speaker 1: was reft by the earth rulers at Uglo, and as
• 21:10
  Speaker 1: gloomer Gyrison sang the prince beneath the helmet reddened, the
• 21:15
  Speaker 1: sword hone hollowed on the geats. There the land warder
• 21:19
  Speaker 1: was found in the grinding spear din as til Dulpher
• 21:24
  Speaker 1: sang tis my wish that the glorious leader of henchmen,
• 21:27
  Speaker 1: the glad hearted, should leave his sons the heritage and
• 21:31
  Speaker 1: the sod of his fair freehold. As Ainar sang the
• 21:36
  Speaker 1: valiant sold earth warder on his stern head. The helm
• 21:39
  Speaker 1: bears the bard. Before heroes telleth the fame of the
• 21:43
  Speaker 1: King of Hordlund. It is right also to call him
• 21:47
  Speaker 1: king of kings, under whom are tributary kings. An emperor
• 21:52
  Speaker 1: is highest of kings, and next under him is that
• 21:55
  Speaker 1: king who reigns over a nation. And each of these
• 21:59
  Speaker 1: is equal to the other in the paraphrases made of
• 22:01
  Speaker 1: them in Poesy. Next to them are those men who
• 22:05
  Speaker 1: are called earls or tributary kings, and they are equal
• 22:09
  Speaker 1: in paraphrasis with a king. Say that one may not
• 22:12
  Speaker 1: term them kings of nations. And thus sang arnor earled
• 22:16
  Speaker 1: scald concerning Earl t'rfinner. Let the men hear how the
• 22:21
  Speaker 1: earl's king hardy of mind the sea sought, the overwhelming
• 22:25
  Speaker 1: ruler failed not to thwart the ocean. Next to these
• 22:30
  Speaker 1: in the figures of Poesy are those men who are
• 22:33
  Speaker 1: called chiefs. One may paraphrase them as one might a
• 22:36
  Speaker 1: king or an earl, calling them dispensers of gold, wealth, munificent,
• 22:42
  Speaker 1: men of the standards, and captains of the host or
• 22:45
  Speaker 1: van leaders of the array or of battle. Since each
• 22:49
  Speaker 1: king of a nation who rules over many lands appoints
• 22:52
  Speaker 1: tributary kings and earls in joint authority with himself, to
• 22:57
  Speaker 1: administer the laws of the land and defend it from
• 22:59
  Speaker 1: attack in those parts which lie far removed from the king,
• 23:03
  Speaker 1: and in those parts they shall be equal with the
• 23:06
  Speaker 1: king's self in giving judgment and meeting punishment. Now there
• 23:11
  Speaker 1: are many districts in one land, and it is the
• 23:14
  Speaker 1: practice of kings to appoint justiciars over as many districts
• 23:18
  Speaker 1: as one chooses to give into their hands. These justiciars
• 23:22
  Speaker 1: are called chiefs or landed men in the Danish tongue,
• 23:26
  Speaker 1: reeves in Saxony, and barons in England. They are also
• 23:30
  Speaker 1: to be righteous judges and faithful warriors over the land
• 23:34
  Speaker 1: which is entrusted to them for governance. If the king
• 23:37
  Speaker 1: is not near, then a standard shall be borne before
• 23:40
  Speaker 1: them in battle, and then they are quite as lawful
• 23:43
  Speaker 1: war captains as kings or earls. Next under them are
• 23:47
  Speaker 1: those men who are called franklins. They are those freeholders
• 23:51
  Speaker 1: who are of honorable kindred and possessed of full rights.
• 23:56
  Speaker 1: One may paraphrase them by calling them wealth givers and
• 23:59
  Speaker 1: protectors and reconcilers of men. Head Men also may have
• 24:04
  Speaker 1: these titles. Kings and earls have as their following the
• 24:08
  Speaker 1: men called henchmen and housecarls. Landed men also have in
• 24:13
  Speaker 1: their service those who are called henchmen in Denmark and Sweden,
• 24:17
  Speaker 1: and housecarls in Norway. And these men swear oaths of
• 24:21
  Speaker 1: service to them, even as henchmen do to kings. The
• 24:25
  Speaker 1: housecarls of kings were often called henchmen in the old
• 24:29
  Speaker 1: Heathen time. Thus sang Torvaldr, blending scald hail kings swift
• 24:35
  Speaker 1: in the onset, and thy sturdy housecarls with thee in
• 24:39
  Speaker 1: their mouths. Men have my verses made for a song
• 24:43
  Speaker 1: of praising King HARALDR. Sigurdisen composed this, The man full
• 24:49
  Speaker 1: mighty weighteth the filling of the king's seat oft I
• 24:53
  Speaker 1: find to the earl's heels throngs. My host of housecarls, henchmen,
• 24:59
  Speaker 1: and most curls may be paraphrased by calling them house
• 25:03
  Speaker 1: guard or wage band, or men of honor. Thus sang sigvatr,
• 25:08
  Speaker 1: I learned the warrior's wage band on the water fought
• 25:11
  Speaker 1: that battle newly tis not the smallest snow shower of
• 25:15
  Speaker 1: shields I tell of. And thus also when on the
• 25:19
  Speaker 1: steed of cables the clashing steel was meeting, twas not
• 25:24
  Speaker 1: as when a maid bears the chief's mead to the
• 25:26
  Speaker 1: honor winners. The service fee which head men give is
• 25:31
  Speaker 1: called wages and gifts. Thus sang o tar, the swarthy
• 25:36
  Speaker 1: I needs must use the breaker of the battle glow
• 25:39
  Speaker 1: of good men. Here is the watch war doughtie of
• 25:42
  Speaker 1: the wise king. Assembled. Earls in chiefs and henchmen are
• 25:47
  Speaker 1: paraphrased by calling them counselors or speech friends or seat
• 25:51
  Speaker 1: mates of the king. As halfreder sang the councilor battle
• 25:56
  Speaker 1: mighty of the prince whom boldness pleases. Let's the feud
• 26:00
  Speaker 1: fiery weeds of hougni hammer beaten clash upon him. As
• 26:05
  Speaker 1: snabiorn sang the speech friend of King's letteth, the long
• 26:10
  Speaker 1: hauled steer rope's race horse steady the swordlike steel beak
• 26:14
  Speaker 1: of the ship against the stern wave. Thus sang arnor
• 26:20
  Speaker 1: my young sons do bear for my sake grave sorrow,
• 26:23
  Speaker 1: for the slaughter of the earl destroyed by murder the
• 26:27
  Speaker 1: benchmate of our monarch, King's council friend, as Halfreder sang
• 26:33
  Speaker 1: in council twas determined that the King's friend wise in
• 26:37
  Speaker 1: council should wed the land sole daughter of Unar greenly wooded.
• 26:43
  Speaker 1: One should paraphrase men by their kindred as Cormacher sang
• 26:48
  Speaker 1: let the son of Haraldr's true friend giver, and hearken
• 26:52
  Speaker 1: to me, I raise my song the yeast stream of
• 26:56
  Speaker 1: Seer's snow covered monsters. He called the earl true friend
• 27:01
  Speaker 1: of the king, and Hakun son of Earl Sigurdur, until
• 27:06
  Speaker 1: Dauphur sang thus concerning Heraldr about Allaffer's sire waxed a
• 27:12
  Speaker 1: steel knife, storm's ire, that of whiteness, each deed is
• 27:16
  Speaker 1: worthy fame's mead. And again yares Lifer could a spy.
• 27:21
  Speaker 1: Where the king passed by, the brave sainted lord's kin
• 27:25
  Speaker 1: stoutly praised did win, and again he sang, breath bereft
• 27:30
  Speaker 1: is he who o'er all bore the gree of chief's
• 27:34
  Speaker 1: kinsman mild Heralder's brother's child or Nor also sang thus
• 27:40
  Speaker 1: in Rugenwaldr's song of praise Haiti's war good kinsman made
• 27:46
  Speaker 1: wedlock kindred with me, the Earl's strong tie of marriage
• 27:50
  Speaker 1: made honor to us rendered. And again concerning Earl Torfinner,
• 27:55
  Speaker 1: he sang the thin made swords bit keenly or old
• 28:00
  Speaker 1: Reugenvaldur's kin to southward of Men, where rushed the strong
• 28:05
  Speaker 1: hosts under the sheltering shield rims. And he sang further
• 28:10
  Speaker 1: O God guard the glorious kin betterer of great Twarf.
• 28:14
  Speaker 1: Ininar from Harm, I pray show mercy to him whom
• 28:18
  Speaker 1: faithful chiefs love. And Ininar tinkling scale, saying, the house
• 28:24
  Speaker 1: prop of the kindred of Hilditun shall not lack hardihood
• 28:28
  Speaker 1: more munificent, I am bound to maintain praises. End of
• 28:34
  Speaker 1: section fifty two. Recording by expatriate in Bangor, Maine,