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The biggest collisions in the Universe · Daniel and Kelly’s Extraordinary Universe

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Speaker 1: Hey everyone, Daniel here, we have a little bit of
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Speaker 1: a special treat for you today. Earlier this year, Jorge
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Speaker 1: and I recorded a special episode with audio and video
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Speaker 1: for premiering in the Metaverse, and today we are bringing
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Speaker 1: it to you on the feed as a special bonus episode.
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Speaker 1: It's a bit different from our usual episodes, but we
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Speaker 1: thought you'd enjoy it. Thanks for listening. Hey, Jorge, is
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Speaker 1: this the way to the metaverse? I met a donna?
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Speaker 1: Where is the metaverse? I don't know. I was supposed
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Speaker 1: to meet you there to do an episode. Are we
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Speaker 1: in the right place? Let me see every saying. We're
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Speaker 1: inside of simulation right now, this is a virtual conversation.
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Speaker 1: It might be a simulation within a simulation. That's so meta. Well,
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Speaker 1: that is the most interesting theory I've ever meta. Maybe
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Speaker 1: in the end, none of it really met us. Hey,
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Speaker 1: we made us to our land. On our podcast, Daniel
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Speaker 1: and Horrie explain the universe. We like to talk about
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Speaker 1: planets and galaxies, but we never thought we'd get to
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Speaker 1: do it from another world, and here we are in
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Speaker 1: our heart land. How cool? Is then? So cool? Now?
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Speaker 1: On our podcast, Jorge and I typically talk about some
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Speaker 1: of the biggest most amazing unanswered questions in the universe,
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Speaker 1: and today we have some really fun stories about the
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Speaker 1: biggest collisions in the universe. Planets colliding with other planets,
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Speaker 1: stars colliding with other stars, even galaxies hitting other galaxies.
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Speaker 1: But before we start, we want to give a shout
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Speaker 1: out to our partners State Farm and of course Fortnite
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Speaker 1: for having us here. Hi'm Ho I'm a cartoonist and
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Speaker 1: the creator of PhD comics. Hi I'm Daniel. I'm a
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Speaker 1: particle physicist and a professor at UC Irvine, and I
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Speaker 1: love to smash things together to figure out what they're
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Speaker 1: made out of. Welcome to our podcast. Daniel and Horta
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Speaker 1: explained to universe in production of our heart Radio, in
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Speaker 1: which we try to smash your brain together with the
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Speaker 1: whole universe. We think that there are so many interesting
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Speaker 1: things to understand out there. We want to bring your
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Speaker 1: brain together with all of those questions and give you
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Speaker 1: some understanding of how things work. So today we'll be
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Speaker 1: breaking down some of the biggest collisions in the universe.
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Speaker 1: You know, that's kind of a tricky word to these
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Speaker 1: biggest because especially in physics, that can mean a lot
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Speaker 1: of things, Like you can mean biggest in size. It
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Speaker 1: can mean biggest in speed, or biggest just in terms
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Speaker 1: of the impact that we have on our planet, or
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Speaker 1: biggest in drama. Right, we do for drama. So what
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Speaker 1: would you say are some of the biggest collisions in
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Speaker 1: the universe. Well, we do some pretty fast collisions here
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Speaker 1: on Earth. We accelerate protons to almost the speed of
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Speaker 1: light and smash them together underground in Switzerland. So you
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Speaker 1: have a proton going in the speed of light this way,
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Speaker 1: proton going to speed of light this way. That's a
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Speaker 1: pretty dramatic collision. That's pretty big stuff. That's the biggest,
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Speaker 1: one of the biggest experiments humans have ever done. Yeah. Absolutely,
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Speaker 1: It's one of the most expensive and one of the
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Speaker 1: biggest experiments. So I'm here. I'm basically a shill for
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Speaker 1: big collision because it's my day job. And you said
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Speaker 1: you smash protons together, which is which are tiny little
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Speaker 1: particles that are part of the atom. So every we're
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Speaker 1: we're all made out of atoms, of course, and the
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Speaker 1: atoms are made out of stuff inside of them, including
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Speaker 1: electrons and protons. Yeah, so we take hydrogen, which is
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Speaker 1: a proton and electron, we pull away the electron because
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Speaker 1: we're not interested. And then we just smash the protons
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Speaker 1: the hydrogen nuclei together, and sometimes just like proton debris
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Speaker 1: comes out, and sometimes weird new stuff comes out where
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Speaker 1: any weird new stuff. But one of the amazing things
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Speaker 1: about collisions with particles is that what comes out doesn't
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Speaker 1: just have to be a rearrangement at what went in.
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Speaker 1: You can actually annihilate it and turn it into something new,
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Speaker 1: like a Higgs boson or a photon or a z
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Speaker 1: boson or something you didn't even know existed. Now, how
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Speaker 1: do you smash these protons together? You have like slingshots
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Speaker 1: to p pull back and they to scientists stand in
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Speaker 1: front of each other and then pull back and smash
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Speaker 1: the protests together. How does that work? That we take
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Speaker 1: the protons, we push them really hard with electric fields,
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Speaker 1: and then we bend them with magnets, so they go
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Speaker 1: around in a circle and we do that over and
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Speaker 1: over and over again until they're going really really fast
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Speaker 1: and we have another beam going the other direction, and
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Speaker 1: then we crossed them. So that's one of maybe one
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Speaker 1: of the fastest collisions that we know about as scientists
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Speaker 1: in the universe. And it's weird because we actually are
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Speaker 1: making that collision, but it actually doesn't even compete with
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Speaker 1: what the universe is already doing all the time. What
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Speaker 1: you mean, there are things in the universe smashing close
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Speaker 1: to each to each each other faster than twice the
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Speaker 1: speed of light. Absolutely, the universe is filled with huge
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Speaker 1: particle accelerators that are throwing particles at us that are
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Speaker 1: colliding with the Earth much faster than the particles are
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Speaker 1: moving in the Hadron collider. Okay, so that's maybe another
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Speaker 1: type of collision of things smashing together that we can
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Speaker 1: talk about is cosmic rays coming from space exactly. Cosmic
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Speaker 1: rays are a fancy word, but they just particles in
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Speaker 1: space zipping towards the Earth and then smashing in the
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Speaker 1: atmosphere like tiny little meteors. Now, these things normally would
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Speaker 1: be kind of dangerous, right like if you're hit by
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Speaker 1: even even though they're tiny particles, if it's going fast
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Speaker 1: enough and it hits it, it can actually kind of
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Speaker 1: um not be good for you. The atmosphere is like
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Speaker 1: a blanket that protects us. They hit the atmosphere and
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Speaker 1: they bounce against particles in the atmosphere and they lose
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Speaker 1: a little bit of energy by the time they get
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Speaker 1: down to the surface. Instead of having one particle with
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Speaker 1: a lot of energy, you have like trillions with a
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Speaker 1: little bit of energy. So we see these big showers
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Speaker 1: of particles hit the surface of the Earth. Alright, But
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Speaker 1: then it's a good thing we have our atmosphere to
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Speaker 1: protect us from these cosmic rays. It's like a dangerous Exactly,
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Speaker 1: if you're an atmosphere, you go out into space, you
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Speaker 1: really need to think about shielding because there's a lot
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Speaker 1: of crazy stuff out there in space. Maybe you think
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Speaker 1: about space as being empty, but really it's filled with
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Speaker 1: high energy particles whizzing all around. It's quite dangerous. Asteroids,
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Speaker 1: rocks from space that come flying towards the Earth, they
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Speaker 1: kind of get burned up in our atmosphere because they
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Speaker 1: hit that air and then they create all that friction
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Speaker 1: and then they burn up before they hit the Earth. Right. Yeah,
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Speaker 1: the atmosphere is like a big buffer, and if the
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Speaker 1: rock isn't too big or going too fast, then it
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Speaker 1: melts in the atmosphere, sort of the way like spaceships
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Speaker 1: when they re enter the atmosphere, they get heated up.
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Speaker 1: The same thing happens to asteroids and meteors that hit
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Speaker 1: the atmosphere. Well, but I just said, speed and energy
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Speaker 1: are really important, right, And sometimes we want to create
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Speaker 1: these collisions like once we talked about. I know you
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Speaker 1: were doing to study things and also what we observe
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Speaker 1: out up there in the sky, but sometimes we want
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Speaker 1: to create these collisions, maybe even to save the planet Earth. Yeah,
6:34
Speaker 1: this is pretty cool. I don't know how many of
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Speaker 1: you know this out there. Put NASA, the Space Agency
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Speaker 1: of the US, has a program called the Planetary Defense System, right,
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Speaker 1: like that somebody's job is to literally like stand there
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Speaker 1: and be ready to save the Earth. I'm glad somebody's
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Speaker 1: doing it, because it's not my job. You're trying to
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Speaker 1: save the Earth on a daily basis, And so this work,
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Speaker 1: this happened recently. They send the what did they sound like,
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Speaker 1: a spaceship, like a little spacecraft, and then they just
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Speaker 1: accelerated it and aimed it towards this asterid. Yeah, the
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Speaker 1: spacecraft it's like the sizing weight of a refrigerator. So
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Speaker 1: they basically slammed a fridge against a big rock in space.
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Speaker 1: I like an ostril fridge. That would have been pretty cool.
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Speaker 1: I mean they stocked it first. You know, it's filled
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Speaker 1: with good drinks and all sorts of stuff like a
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Speaker 1: normal fridge. You know, it's like a huge cube of metal.
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Speaker 1: And they just slammed it right into the asteroid to
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Speaker 1: see if they could change its course and it did
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Speaker 1: right where was going before and they hit it, hit
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Speaker 1: it with the fridge spaceship and then they noticed that
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Speaker 1: the asteroid kind of change course. Right, Yeah, yeah, it
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Speaker 1: really did. So as a university professor, it's my job
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Speaker 1: to add a pop quiz to every situation. Well, ask
7:45
Speaker 1: multiple questions and you answer by jumping on the square.
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Speaker 1: With the right answer, you get it right, you win rewards.
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Speaker 1: If you get it wrong, you'll get bounced out. Ready good,
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Speaker 1: because it's time for how fan are you? What happens
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Speaker 1: when black holes collide? It is it A, they explode,
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Speaker 1: b the universe ends? See you get one big black
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Speaker 1: hole or D. Nobody knows. The correct answer is c.
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Speaker 1: Nothing can destroy a black holes. They just get bigger
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Speaker 1: when they eat other things, including other black holes. So
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Speaker 1: we're talking about the biggest collisions in the universe, and
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Speaker 1: we talked about the fastest ones that we know about,
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Speaker 1: but you can also maybe think about biggest in terms
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Speaker 1: of like impact, right, like how it can affect us
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Speaker 1: here on Earth. Well, the Earth is getting hit by
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Speaker 1: this stuff all the time. We can't deflect all of it.
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Speaker 1: A lot of it gets melted by the atmosphere. But
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Speaker 1: in our history we have been smacked by some pretty
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Speaker 1: big asteroids. Like the dinosaurs were not as on point
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Speaker 1: as NASA is in terms of planetary defense, so they
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Speaker 1: got smacked by a pretty big rock about sixty five
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Speaker 1: million years ago. It killed off like fifty percent of
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Speaker 1: all the species on Earth actually in about an afternoon.
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Speaker 1: It would changed life on Earth forever, right, like we're
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Speaker 1: here because dinosaurs are not. That's right. It made room
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Speaker 1: for us mammals, So thank you alien asteroid tossers or
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Speaker 1: whoever is responsible for that had awesome theory. But then
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Speaker 1: asteroid by Throne was thrown by enemies of the dinosaurs species. No.
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Speaker 1: But one of my favorite theories is that they have
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Speaker 1: reconstructed the path of this asteroid before hit the Earth,
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Speaker 1: and they think it made two passes around and came
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Speaker 1: near the Earth before it actually hit, which means that
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Speaker 1: dinosaurs could have looked up into the sky and seen
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Speaker 1: it like ten years before it hit. The hit the Earth.
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Speaker 1: So they had their chance, right, they were warned, they
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Speaker 1: had their science together, they'd still be here, they'd be
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Speaker 1: doing this podcast instead of us. If that happened again,
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Speaker 1: would we be Do you think we'd be able to survive?
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Speaker 1: What do you think if like it gets past the
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Speaker 1: nasid defense system, it would be pretty challenging. What actually
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Speaker 1: happens depends a lot on where it hits. If it
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Speaker 1: hits in the water, then you're getting a lot of
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Speaker 1: vapor in the atmosphere. It hits on land and you're
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Speaker 1: getting smoke and getting volcanoes. None of that is going
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Speaker 1: to be very easy to survive. In order like remedy that,
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Speaker 1: you need planet wide geoengineering projects, and I just don't
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Speaker 1: think we're capable of today to start building those bunkers,
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Speaker 1: start investing and big beans. I hear those last a
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Speaker 1: long time. Question to what particles are collided in the
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Speaker 1: Large Hadron Collider A large hadrons, B protons, see photons,
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Speaker 1: D electrons. The correct answer is beat protons, which are
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Speaker 1: a type of hadron, and they're used in the Large
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Speaker 1: Hadron Collider. But that's also not the first time an
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Speaker 1: asteroids hid Earth. Yeah, we think there's a whole history
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Speaker 1: of these collisions dating back millions and millions of years.
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Speaker 1: But we also think that very early in the Earth's
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Speaker 1: formation there was an enormous collision. A whole planet hit
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Speaker 1: the early Earth. What Yeah, Actually, we do think that
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Speaker 1: there were other planets in the Solar System which got
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Speaker 1: ejected by Jupiter's gravity early on, kicked out of the
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Speaker 1: island off Jupiter. We're the survivor so far. But we
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Speaker 1: think that a Mars size planet probably hit the early
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Speaker 1: Earth and created an enormous collision, basically vaporized the whole surface,
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Speaker 1: and what came out of it turned into the Earth
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Speaker 1: and our Moon. So we're like, our Earth right now
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Speaker 1: is actually Earth two point Oh, it wasn't Earth before
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Speaker 1: that got obliterated and then it reformed again. That's the
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Speaker 1: Earth we have now, which you know feels like an upgrade, right,
11:50
Speaker 1: I mean, I think it's pretty good. I got no notes.
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Speaker 1: So then a comet can hit a planet we saw,
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Speaker 1: we saw it in the nineties. It hit Jupiter, and
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Speaker 1: it could hit does And those are actually kind of
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Speaker 1: more dangerous, right, Those are more dangerous because comments go
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Speaker 1: really really fast because they come from much further away,
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Speaker 1: so they have more time to gather speed as they
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Speaker 1: come towards the Sun, and because they have long orbits,
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Speaker 1: you might not see them until they're basically headed right
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Speaker 1: towards you. Like, there could be comments out there right
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Speaker 1: now that take five years to go around the Sun
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Speaker 1: and we just haven't seen them yet. Now. I was
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Speaker 1: around in the nineties when that collision happened. That's when
12:26
Speaker 1: the comments mashed into Jupiter. But I don't think I
12:28
Speaker 1: was kind of paying attention. But you were. You were, like,
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Speaker 1: what else were you doing? Man? You were watching the
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Speaker 1: live broadcasts of it, right I was. I actually had
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Speaker 1: a telescope focused on Jupiter and I was taking video
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Speaker 1: myself because I wanted to see the explosion. Yes, at home,
12:42
Speaker 1: you could you see it through the telescope like it
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Speaker 1: actually hit it, Like did it happened fast or in
12:46
Speaker 1: the slow motion? It happened pretty fast and you can
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Speaker 1: see these fireballs be created. And each fireball is like
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Speaker 1: the size of the Earth. We're talking about incredible collisions here.
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Speaker 1: Fireball like it hits Jupiter, jupiters gas so that to
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Speaker 1: get into that. But when it hit Jupiter, it created
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Speaker 1: a fireball like that impact? Was that that? Yeah, there's
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Speaker 1: so much energy. Jupiter is basically a huge ball of
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Speaker 1: cotton candy, Like you're saying that, you hit it with
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Speaker 1: enough energy with a big enough rock, and the rock
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Speaker 1: gets vaporized in the atmosphere and you create a huge
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Speaker 1: ball of fire as big as the Earth exactly. So
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Speaker 1: we're sorry Jupiter, but we're glad it didn't happen us.
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Speaker 1: That would be bad. N Question three. What collided with
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Speaker 1: the planet Jupiter in a banana, B, an asteroid, c
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Speaker 1: aliens or z A comment? Correct Nassas D comment Shoemaker
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Speaker 1: Levy Clyde into Jupiter in alright, so that that's maybe
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Speaker 1: the biggest in the sense of the biggest collisions in
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Speaker 1: the universe. But we said we would talked about the
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Speaker 1: biggest collisions in the universe. Let's go bigger. Can you
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Speaker 1: smash stars together? Suns together? Now you've got the trick
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Speaker 1: of it, right, What would happen if you could smash
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Speaker 1: stars together? Right? Yeah, yeah, I'd love to see that.
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Speaker 1: It turns out that's actually quite rare. Our stars in
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Speaker 1: the galaxy are all swirling together around the center of
14:23
Speaker 1: the galaxy sort of like a big lazy river. So
14:25
Speaker 1: it's not very typical for stars to smash into each other,
14:28
Speaker 1: but sometimes things do smash into each other. It does happen. Now,
14:31
Speaker 1: what would happen actually happen if two stars collided with
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Speaker 1: each other. Yeah, it depends entirely on the velocity. If
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Speaker 1: they're going really fast, then they're going to obliterate each other,
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Speaker 1: just like what happened with proto Earth and the other planet,
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Speaker 1: like a huge spray of stuff. It's weird to think
14:46
Speaker 1: about because we think you think of the Sun is
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Speaker 1: like a ball of fire, right, and so like if
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Speaker 1: you take two flames and you smash it together, nothing,
14:53
Speaker 1: nothing really explodes. But the Sun is actually kind of
14:56
Speaker 1: pretty neaty, right, Like there's a lot of mass in
14:58
Speaker 1: the Sun, I mean, the almost all of the mass
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Speaker 1: in the Solar System, and it is stuff. I mean
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Speaker 1: it's on fire, but it is stuff. Yeah, it's a
15:05
Speaker 1: huge ball of plasmids burning hydrogen. And the mass of
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Speaker 1: the Solar System is in the Sun. And so a
15:12
Speaker 1: Sun's sun collision could obliterate both of them. It could
15:15
Speaker 1: spray out a lot of this burning stuff, and the
15:18
Speaker 1: temperature would be really incredible, so would be super bright.
15:21
Speaker 1: Because what's happening inside the Sun is fusion to create
15:23
Speaker 1: all that light, and that pressure and temperature would make
15:26
Speaker 1: a fusion happen to like a super charged rate. It
15:29
Speaker 1: would be like much brighter than the Sun has ever been. Wow.
15:32
Speaker 1: So it would you basically see a giant spark from
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Speaker 1: the collision, and then it would spray out and then
15:38
Speaker 1: it would turn off, or with this cloud of stuff
15:43
Speaker 1: debris keep burning, it would go out right, the cloud
15:46
Speaker 1: of debris would probably reform back into either one big
15:49
Speaker 1: star or two smaller stars, but it would take a
15:51
Speaker 1: little while, would take you a few hundred million years
15:54
Speaker 1: probably the recoalesce into something else that could burn. Right,
15:57
Speaker 1: let's go bigger, Daniel, what happened can be bigger than
16:00
Speaker 1: two stars colliding. Well, instead of just colliding one star,
16:03
Speaker 1: what if you collided like whole groups of stars? Right,
16:08
Speaker 1: a group collision? Okay, are you talking about like colliding galaxies? Yes, exactly.
16:13
Speaker 1: Let's go really big. So like our galaxy, the Milky
16:16
Speaker 1: Way has hundreds of billions of stars in it, and
16:19
Speaker 1: the neighboring galaxy and Drameda is even bigger. It's much
16:22
Speaker 1: more massive than our galaxy, and it's headed right for us. What, Yes, exactly,
16:28
Speaker 1: somebody throw it out us. There's another conspiracy, conspiracy theory.
16:33
Speaker 1: If the light rate didn't work, if the astars didn't work,
16:36
Speaker 1: Now they're throwing a galaxy. Somebody is just making sure
16:39
Speaker 1: there's a lot of drama in the universe. Right, We've
16:41
Speaker 1: got lots of sequels lined up. Two, three, four. Question four,
16:47
Speaker 1: what galaxy will collide with the Milky Way in four
16:51
Speaker 1: and a half billion years? A Candice Major B, the
16:55
Speaker 1: peanut butter galaxy, c Omega or D and draw amada.
17:06
Speaker 1: The correct answer is the Andromeda will collide with our
17:10
Speaker 1: galaxy in four and a half billion years. But the
17:14
Speaker 1: good news is that the collision will not actually be
17:17
Speaker 1: that dramatic. Okay, so the whole galaxies colliding, that's not
17:21
Speaker 1: that exciting, you're saying, because galaxies are actually kind of empty. Right.
17:26
Speaker 1: They're big, they're big, they're bright, but they're like kind
17:30
Speaker 1: of like clouds almost like they're not that meaty. Yeah, exactly.
17:34
Speaker 1: It's like throwing two handfuls of sand towards each other.
17:36
Speaker 1: Mostly the sand doesn't hit other bits of sand. Mostly
17:39
Speaker 1: they just miss. Can we go bigger than you can?
17:42
Speaker 1: These mass things that are bigger than the gust of
17:44
Speaker 1: course you can, and of course you can always go.
17:47
Speaker 1: There's still limits science, and this is where you go.
17:55
Speaker 1: But it's part of a big group of galaxies that
17:56
Speaker 1: I'll orbit each other. So it's like a big object
17:59
Speaker 1: that's gravity deciently bound together. It's the cluster of galas
18:02
Speaker 1: cluster of galaxies that's like a lot of galaxies are
18:05
Speaker 1: kind of moved together exactly. Gravity is holding them together.
18:09
Speaker 1: And then the universe is filled with these clusters of galaxies.
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Speaker 1: Do we know if our cluster is heading towards a
18:14
Speaker 1: collision with another cluster? Do we know that? Or is
18:17
Speaker 1: it just inevitable? It's just inevitable. Eventually you're going to
18:19
Speaker 1: bump into somebody else. Yeah, just like the Milky Way
18:22
Speaker 1: and Andromeda. The universe is trying to push them apart,
18:25
Speaker 1: but gravity is so strong between them that it's pulling
18:27
Speaker 1: them together, so that eventually they will collide. Can we
18:30
Speaker 1: go bigger than you? What? What's the biggest thing we
18:33
Speaker 1: can let's just wrap this up. What's the biggest thing
18:35
Speaker 1: we can collide that we can smash together in the universe.
18:39
Speaker 1: So galaxy clusters organize themselves into something we call superclusters,
18:43
Speaker 1: which basically like clusters of clusters, and these are huge
18:47
Speaker 1: enormous things, like mind bogglingly big, like five hundred million
18:51
Speaker 1: light years across five hundred million, so like a ray
18:55
Speaker 1: of light would take five hundred million years just to
18:59
Speaker 1: like go from one side of the ing. This is
19:01
Speaker 1: like a pretty big chunk of the universe. So we
19:04
Speaker 1: call this a supercluster. And we're part of a supercluster,
19:07
Speaker 1: of course, and so superclusters can smash into each other, right,
19:11
Speaker 1: And we actually think that our superclusters is sort of
19:14
Speaker 1: headed towards another supercluster. Really, we can track it. We
19:18
Speaker 1: can track it is this thing out there called the
19:19
Speaker 1: Great Attractor, which is a huge source of gravity far
19:23
Speaker 1: out past our galaxy. We don't understand it. We don't
19:25
Speaker 1: really know what's going on, but we notice everything is
19:28
Speaker 1: moving towards it, and other superclusters are moving towards it.
19:31
Speaker 1: So like deep in the future supercluster collision, oh man,
19:35
Speaker 1: And it's all being pulled together by a mysterious force, right, Like,
19:39
Speaker 1: we don't know what it is. We can't see anything
19:40
Speaker 1: there that's pulling these things. We think it's probably gravity,
19:43
Speaker 1: but we can't see what's causing that gravity. So Yeah,
19:46
Speaker 1: we don't understand what the great attractor is? Question five?
19:52
Speaker 1: Where is Daniel a professor? Is it a U c
19:56
Speaker 1: Irvine b UZ Berkeley ce Universe University or d sir
20:09
Speaker 1: great aspect ay you see, Irvine Daniel is a professor
20:12
Speaker 1: of physics at the University of California Aderba University University.
20:25
Speaker 1: Right now, the universe is kind of, like you said,
20:27
Speaker 1: organizing galaxies and clusters and super clusters, and these are
20:30
Speaker 1: like form kind of like like branches out during the universities,
20:33
Speaker 1: everything s matches together. Does it all become like a
20:36
Speaker 1: giant ball of stuff or like a giant black hole
20:39
Speaker 1: or like a giant star? You know, like what's the
20:41
Speaker 1: eventual uh uh, you know event there were consequence of
20:46
Speaker 1: two of these giant things smashing. Yeah, what's the ultimate
20:49
Speaker 1: spoiler of the universe? Well, you've got two big forces
20:52
Speaker 1: a play. You have the universe trying to pull itself apart.
20:54
Speaker 1: Dark energy is like accelerating everything further and further apart.
20:57
Speaker 1: Do you have gravity pulling itself together? The question really
21:00
Speaker 1: is like how much gravity pull stuff together before dark
21:04
Speaker 1: energy tears everything apart? Because the far future is we
21:06
Speaker 1: have these like islands of stuff separated by space, and
21:10
Speaker 1: so gravity is like trying to gather as much together
21:12
Speaker 1: as possible before the universe tears it apart. So all
21:16
Speaker 1: this stuff is going to end up in a super
21:18
Speaker 1: black hole eventually. What Yes, So all this stuff that's
21:22
Speaker 1: close to us will eventually smash together, saying like that
21:25
Speaker 1: that's inevitable in a way, will form tiny black holes,
21:29
Speaker 1: and then those black holes will crash into each other.
21:32
Speaker 1: That's another interesting collision, black hole on black hole. Yes, exactly,
21:36
Speaker 1: we've seen that happen already, black holes hitting each other,
21:38
Speaker 1: swirling around each other and creating bigger black holes. They
21:41
Speaker 1: make these amazing ripples in space time. But that's the future.
21:45
Speaker 1: Everything falls into a black hole, which is then separated
21:48
Speaker 1: from the nearest black hole in the universe, keeps those apart.
21:52
Speaker 1: But everything in our little like sort of gravitational well
21:54
Speaker 1: nearby is going to end up inside that black hole.
21:57
Speaker 1: Oh cool. Well, like you said, I think that watching collisions,
22:01
Speaker 1: thinking about collisions, imagining collisions, sometimes simulating collisions is a
22:05
Speaker 1: big part of how we understand the universe, right, because
22:09
Speaker 1: that's kind of how you test things and see what happens.
22:12
Speaker 1: That's how that's how you learn how things actually work. Yeah,
22:15
Speaker 1: you can see what's inside stuff, you can see how
22:17
Speaker 1: they react with each other. These are great experiments for
22:20
Speaker 1: understanding the basic nature of the universe. So that's why
22:22
Speaker 1: we do the underground on Earth when we can, and
22:25
Speaker 1: we watch them in the sky when they happen for us.
22:27
Speaker 1: That's how you crack open the secrets of the universe. Yes,
22:30
Speaker 1: exactly together. Yeah, that's when the spoilers all come out, right,
22:35
Speaker 1: So that's when we're paying attention I see from the drama,
22:38
Speaker 1: because I guess you can just ask the universe how
22:41
Speaker 1: it works, do you get to Yeah, you learned from
22:43
Speaker 1: the drama. Well, I've been asking, but nobody's answering. It's
22:47
Speaker 1: like a mystery, right, You just got to pay attention
22:49
Speaker 1: to the clue. It is a big mystery, the universe,
22:53
Speaker 1: and we are slowly learning more and more about it
22:55
Speaker 1: every day thanks to scientists and thanks to uh good
22:58
Speaker 1: Thanks smashing into each other. Thanks everyone for joining us
23:01
Speaker 1: on this episode of Daniel and Jorge Explain the universe
23:04
Speaker 1: and keep asking your own questions about what's out there. Yeah,
23:07
Speaker 1: we hope we smashed your brain with some new knowledge
23:11
Speaker 1: and blew your mind or not or just merged it
23:14
Speaker 1: with a little bit more with the Cosmos and the Universe.
23:17
Speaker 1: Thanks for joining us, see you next time. Thanks for listening,
23:28
Speaker 1: and remember that Daniel and Jorge explained. The Universe is
23:31
Speaker 1: a production of I Heart Radio. For more podcast for
23:34
Speaker 1: my heart Radio, visit the I heart Radio app, Apple Podcasts,
23:38
Speaker 1: or wherever you listen to your favorite shows. Yeah.