How to successfully approach CTO interventions: a step-by-step approach
Elliot Smith, Thomas Hovasse, and Roberto Garbo present a structured, step-by-step approach to chronic total occlusion (CTO) interventions, starting from angiographic analysis through to strategy selection and technique adaptation.
The discussion begins with angiographic assessment, emphasising the importance of identifying key anatomical features upfront. Based on this evaluation, operators determine the most appropriate strategy—typically beginning with an antegrade approach, with readiness to escalate to retrograde or dissection techniques depending on case complexity and progression.
The…
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