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They Dumped 2 Million Tires Into The Ocean. Fifty Years Later You Won’t Believe the Results! · Be Amazed

• 0:00
  [SPEAKER_01]: Every year, 18 billion pounds of plastic trash gets dumped into our oceans.
• 0:05
  [SPEAKER_01]: That's enough to cover every foot of coastline around the world with five full trash bags.
• 0:11
  [SPEAKER_01]: Pollution has turned our oceans into a ticking time bomb.
• 0:15
  [SPEAKER_01]: But back in the 1970s, a little known development off the coast of Fort Lauderdale, Florida tried to save their local reef by dumping a staggering 2 million used
• 0:27
  [SPEAKER_01]: Um, what, despite what you might think, this wasn't meant to hurt marine life.
• 0:33
  [SPEAKER_01]: Oh no, they wanted to help it, and the results might surprise you.
• 0:37
  [SPEAKER_01]: So stick around to find out just why 2 million tires ended up in the bottom of the ocean.
• 0:55
  [SPEAKER_01]: Okay, so before we jump into the tires, there's some super important stuff you need to know first.
• 1:00
  [SPEAKER_01]: Super important and super scary.
• 1:03
  [SPEAKER_01]: Prior to 1972, there wasn't anything stopping companies from this sposing of anything they wanted to in the oceans.
• 1:10
  [SPEAKER_01]: It was open season.
• 1:12
  [SPEAKER_01]: In 1968 alone, an estimated 38 million tons of unwanted excavated materials, 4.5 million tons of industrial waste, and another 4.5 million tons of sewage, 100 million tons of plastic, between 2 and 4 tons of chemical waste, and finally 1 million tons of heavy metals were released into the ocean.
• 1:34
  [SPEAKER_01]: But these are just estimates, honestly no one really knows how much harmful
• 1:42
  [SPEAKER_01]: If you think all that sounds bad though, you've heard nothing yet.
• 1:47
  [SPEAKER_01]: According to the U.S. archive between 1946 and 1975, over 55,000 containers of radioactive waste were disposed of into the Pacific Ocean.
• 1:57
  [SPEAKER_01]: What's more, a further 34,000 tons were dumped in three sites of the East Coast between 1951 and 1962.
• 2:05
  [SPEAKER_01]: Yuck.
• 2:07
  [SPEAKER_01]: Basically we've done a hell of a lot of bad bad stuff to the waters of our planet.
• 2:12
  [SPEAKER_01]: Now whilst this is absolutely horrifying, you have to bear in mind that we're judging by today's standards.
• 2:19
  [SPEAKER_01]: We know far more about the effects hazardous substances have on the environment than people did back in the 50s.
• 2:26
  [SPEAKER_01]: Thanks to the hippie movement in the 60s though, the American public had a bit of a culture revolution and became far more eco-conscious.
• 2:34
  [SPEAKER_01]: So by 1972 the government introduced restrictions on what could be dumped into the ocean.
• 2:40
  [SPEAKER_01]: Score!
• 2:41
  [SPEAKER_01]: Now, companies who produced massive amounts of waste had to find other solutions to clean up the mess they made.
• 2:47
  [SPEAKER_01]: That's where we get to the tires.
• 2:49
  [SPEAKER_01]: In the 70s, America's booming automobile industry produced close to a staggering 170 million car tires a year.
• 2:58
  [SPEAKER_01]: And that made a lot of waste.
• 3:00
  [SPEAKER_01]: While some very basic recycling practices existed as far back as the 1960s,
• 3:05
  [SPEAKER_01]: Most tires were just dumped into landfills are incinerated.
• 3:08
  [SPEAKER_01]: But in 1972, Broward Artificial Reef Inc proposed an odd-dacious two-birds one-stone solution that would both remove all of the ugly tires falling up on land and help undo some of the damage done to the ocean.
• 3:22
  [SPEAKER_01]: What was the solution?
• 3:23
  [SPEAKER_01]: Well, they proposed building an artificial reef from the used tires off the Ford Lodderdale coast.
• 3:29
  [SPEAKER_01]: See natural coral reef service and
• 3:34
  [SPEAKER_01]: Corals are marine invertebrates that provide food and shelter for all manner of marine life, so their loss would be devastating.
• 3:42
  [SPEAKER_01]: Even so, we are losing them.
• 3:44
  [SPEAKER_01]: So by dropping tires into the ocean, they'd theoretically provide extra surface area for new corals to grow on.
• 3:51
  [SPEAKER_01]: The more corals that grow, the more fish are enticed into the area.
• 3:55
  [SPEAKER_01]: But abing by the boom, you've got yourself a little self-sustaining ecosystem.
• 4:00
  [SPEAKER_01]: Sure, it was a pretty experimental idea, but similar Reeves had been built all across Northeastern USA, the Gulf of Mexico, Indonesia, Malaysia, Australia, and Africa.
• 4:10
  [SPEAKER_01]: So why not Florida?
• 4:11
  [SPEAKER_01]: Sounds too good to be true, right?
• 4:14
  [SPEAKER_01]: Just you wait.
• 4:15
  [SPEAKER_01]: The project received government approval in 1974 and that spring more than 100 privately owned boats came forward to help out.
• 4:23
  [SPEAKER_01]: Each vessel carried thousands of tires bound together with steel clips and nylon and deposited them across an 88-acre site 7,000 feet offshore.
• 4:32
  [SPEAKER_01]: It was so popular that even tire manufacturer good year got involved.
• 4:37
  [SPEAKER_01]: Not only did they provide equipment to smaller boats, they even Chris and the site by dropping a giant gold-bladed tire from a branded blamp as it flew overhead.
• 4:46
  [SPEAKER_01]: Wow, that melodramatic at all then!
• 4:50
  [SPEAKER_01]: In total, a mind blowing 2 million tires went into creating Osborne Artificial Reef.
• 4:57
  [SPEAKER_01]: Can you imagine what that must have looked like?
• 4:59
  [SPEAKER_01]: 2 million tires cascading off ships into the Atlantic Ocean?
• 5:04
  [SPEAKER_01]: Now however, 50 years have passed and it's almost unrecognizable from what it looked like before.
• 5:09
  [SPEAKER_01]: Despite having the best of intentions and promising big results, the Osborne Artificial Reef was a catastrophic failure.
• 5:16
  [SPEAKER_01]: Remember earlier I said the tire bundles were bound with steel clips and nylon?
• 5:21
  [SPEAKER_01]: Yeah, well no one thought to treat the steel so it wouldn't corrode.
• 5:25
  [SPEAKER_01]: See most metals rust due to moisture in the environment.
• 5:28
  [SPEAKER_01]: Steel contains iron and moisture strips electrons away from the iron to make hydrated iron oxide, which is the ready brownie stuff we call rust.
• 5:38
  [SPEAKER_01]: In salt water this happens a whopping five times faster due to the salty electrolytes
• 5:46
  [SPEAKER_01]: Because resting is caused by the movement of electrons, the faster these electrons are taken, the quicker the metal breaks down.
• 5:53
  [SPEAKER_01]: Good brand-day?
• 5:54
  [SPEAKER_01]: Nice.
• 5:55
  [SPEAKER_01]: Basically, untreated steel in the ocean equals Big Boo Boo.
• 6:00
  [SPEAKER_01]: And I don't say that lightly, not long after the tires had been deposited, their steel bindings broke apart, causing all two million tires to become loose and mobile.
• 6:10
  [SPEAKER_01]: Now Florida is susceptible to some very rough weather.
• 6:13
  [SPEAKER_01]: Year after year storms whipped up the seas creating underwater currents which smatched the loose tires against the natural reef that already existed.
• 6:22
  [SPEAKER_01]: So anything that was there got utterly destroyed.
• 6:25
  [SPEAKER_01]: Rather than create a new reef, the tires were obliterating the old one, but the damage wasn't just contained to the local environment.
• 6:33
  [SPEAKER_01]: Oh no!
• 6:34
  [SPEAKER_01]: In 1995 Hurricane Opel tore through the Gulf Coast and spread over a thousand tires across the Florida Panhandle.
• 6:41
  [SPEAKER_01]: And then again, in 1998, Hurricane Bonnie dumped thousands of tires along North Carolina beaches.
• 6:46
  [SPEAKER_01]: It wasn't absolute mess.
• 6:49
  [SPEAKER_01]: But that's not all.
• 6:50
  [SPEAKER_01]: You ever heard the saying of Rolling Stone Gathers No Moss?
• 6:54
  [SPEAKER_01]: Well, moving tires don't grow corals.
• 6:56
  [SPEAKER_01]: Not only did the tires destroy the existing reef, but they also failed to grow anything new.
• 7:01
  [SPEAKER_01]: Corals required clean, healthy, warm water with a strong wildlife population to grow properly.
• 7:08
  [SPEAKER_01]: That's not going to happen on a tire getting yeeted 900 miles to North Carolina, is it?
• 7:13
  [SPEAKER_01]: But let's not get completely carried away.
• 7:15
  [SPEAKER_01]: The good news is that it might not all be doom and gloom for Osborne Reef.
• 7:20
  [SPEAKER_01]: In 2001, professors at Nova's Southeastern University were awarded a $30,000 grant to began a Reef cleanup operation.
• 7:29
  [SPEAKER_01]: With that money they managed to organize divers to swim down and collect 1,600 of the loose tires.
• 7:35
  [SPEAKER_01]: Sure, it's not a lot relatively speaking, but at least it's something, and at 30 years preceding the operation, everyone had kind of just pretended it wasn't there.
• 7:45
  [SPEAKER_01]: So after hiring a boat, crew and divers and getting proper authorization, the removal cost came to around $17 for each of those $1600.
• 7:54
  [SPEAKER_01]: That's pretty damn costly.
• 7:58
  [SPEAKER_01]: Indeed estimates to clean up the whole reef placed it somewhere between a whopping $40 million
• 8:05
  [SPEAKER_01]: YOUCH Understandably then, progress storm.
• 8:10
  [SPEAKER_01]: But then in 2007 the reef cleanup was kick-started again when the military decided to use this surrounding area as a real-world training facility.
• 8:19
  [SPEAKER_01]: That year alone, they managed to bring roughly 10,000 tires ashore during military drills.
• 8:24
  [SPEAKER_01]: This was further helped by the Florida government who allocated $2 million to help cover the transport and disposing costs once the tires were brought ashore.
• 8:33
  [SPEAKER_01]: By 2009, thanks to hundreds of thousands more dollars being thrown at the problem, a total of 72,000 tires had been pulled.
• 8:41
  [SPEAKER_01]: Nice.
• 8:43
  [SPEAKER_01]: Blood military operations in the area ceased in over 95% of the tires still land touched.
• 8:49
  [SPEAKER_01]: Whew.
• 8:50
  [SPEAKER_01]: I said it wasn't all doom and gloom though, didn't I?
• 8:52
  [SPEAKER_01]: Well, between 2016 and 2019, thanks to a further $4.3 million contract with the Industrial Divers Corporation, serious progress finally started to be made on the site.
• 9:03
  [SPEAKER_01]: At their peak, the IDC were removing 2005,000 tires a week, and thanks to this, they accumulated a bow-wildering 250,000 in total.
• 9:14
  [SPEAKER_01]: Despite other success, though, around 2-thirds of the tires were still on the sea floor.
• 9:19
  [SPEAKER_01]: And as you can see, this continued to cost the Floridian government heaps and heaps of money.
• 9:25
  [SPEAKER_01]: That wasn't until a much cheaper solution came along.
• 9:28
  [SPEAKER_01]: By 2021, a new contender waited into the Freywood Private Company for Ocean announced their plans to retrieve tires in a 34-acre area north of the original drop site.
• 9:39
  [SPEAKER_01]: An operation they'd fun in part through selling $29 bracelets made from the recycled tires.
• 9:46
  [SPEAKER_01]: According to For Ocean's website for every bracelet they sell, 5 pounds of ocean waste is removed.
• 9:52
  [SPEAKER_01]: Needo!
• 9:53
  [SPEAKER_01]: And they've made some serious progress.
• 9:56
  [SPEAKER_01]: Estimations they've made in 2022 suggest there are only around 500,000 tires or just 25% left to take out.
• 10:04
  [SPEAKER_01]: Whoa!
• 10:05
  [SPEAKER_01]: That's remarkable, but this is also where this story takes quite an interesting turn.
• 10:11
  [SPEAKER_01]: Remember earlier I said that the initial cleanup organized by Nova Southeastern University cost around $17 per tire?
• 10:18
  [SPEAKER_01]: Okay, so I've run some calculations here, and these are by no means 100% accurate, but on average a car tire weighs around 25 pounds.
• 10:27
  [SPEAKER_01]: One $29 bracelet per five pounds hikes the cost per tire to a staggering $145.
• 10:33
  [SPEAKER_01]: That's an eye-watering eight and a half times more than the initial cleanup operation.
• 10:41
  [SPEAKER_01]: Now before you all start losing your minds, there's a few things to clear up.
• 10:45
  [SPEAKER_01]: That initial cleanup was 20 years ago, and the cost of everything has gone up across the board.
• 10:50
  [SPEAKER_01]: Secondly, for Ocean aren't a charity, they're very clearly a for-profit company, and they'll have boring business expenses to cover that the university professor simply wouldn't.
• 11:01
  [SPEAKER_01]: but eight and a half times?
• 11:03
  [SPEAKER_01]: Sure, they're making way more progress than anyone else ever has, but to me, it looks like they're walking away with an insane amount of money while doing so.
• 11:12
  [SPEAKER_01]: Now, that's where I need your help.
• 11:14
  [SPEAKER_01]: Can we judge companies that are having a positive environmental impact because they're making money?
• 11:19
  [SPEAKER_01]: or am I just moving the goalposts from the real problem?
• 11:22
  [SPEAKER_01]: Why weren't those responsible for creating this mess held accountable for cleaning it up?
• 11:27
  [SPEAKER_01]: Remember good year?
• 11:28
  [SPEAKER_01]: The tire manufacturer was eager to hand out free equipment to help dump all the tires in the first place.
• 11:34
  [SPEAKER_01]: And who could forget them dropping a giant gold tire and for good measure?
• 11:38
  [SPEAKER_01]: Yet now, they've conveniently forgotten about the whole sort of affair.
• 11:42
  [SPEAKER_01]: If you ask me, they were very happy to get all of their good-your-branded tires out on the fladfills and deep under the ocean.
• 11:49
  [SPEAKER_01]: Flandfills aren't just dangerous high-sours, they're bad PR.
• 11:53
  [SPEAKER_01]: But the Osborne Reef isn't a giant island floating in the ocean everyone can see.
• 11:57
  [SPEAKER_01]: It's not stopping anyone from swimming.
• 11:59
  [SPEAKER_01]: All of the damages hidden beneath the surface, it's out of sight and out of mind.
• 12:04
  [SPEAKER_01]: However, none of that is what scares me.
• 12:07
  [SPEAKER_01]: Hear me out, there's a chance, a big chance, that the messmaker's wise up to the big dollars on the line for fixing the problems they've made.
• 12:16
  [SPEAKER_01]: If they've not already, they'll figure out how to make money cleaning up their own waste, at which point we're living in a system which promotes polluting because the value in fixing it is so high.
• 12:26
  [SPEAKER_01]: I'm not saying that's what 4-Ocean are doing, I genuinely think they mean well,
• 12:35
  [SPEAKER_01]: Sadly Osborne Reef wasn't the only failed tire ref project.
• 12:39
  [SPEAKER_01]: The very same thing happened in France in the 1980s.
• 12:43
  [SPEAKER_01]: Authorities at the French Riviera sank to 25,000 tires roughly, 1,600 feet from the shore between canes and teaps.
• 12:50
  [SPEAKER_01]: Again, they believe the tires would be inert and presented no potential harm to the natural habitat.
• 12:56
  [SPEAKER_01]: Fast forward to 2005 and researchers discovered the tires had been leaking chemicals and heavy metals into the water the whole time.
• 13:04
  [SPEAKER_01]: Whilst these minerals are essential for the ecosystem's function, excess amounts can stunt wildlife development or worse, kill it off completely.
• 13:13
  [SPEAKER_01]: Thanks to quick and decisive action, though the majority of the tires were removed in a cleanup operation fronted by the French state along with tire manufacturer, Michelin.
• 13:24
  [SPEAKER_01]: All in all, it costs a little over $1.1 million, or about $44 per tire, dramatically cheaper than for oceans in Denver.
• 13:33
  [SPEAKER_01]: Nowadays, researchers from the Ocean Conservancy and Environmental Advocacy Group say there's little evidence that artificial reefs actually do any good, even the ones that do take off.
• 13:44
  [SPEAKER_01]: The list of potential problems is monstrously long from toxicity and paint to plastic parts to the damage done to the ecosystems.
• 13:52
  [SPEAKER_01]: But the most damning of all?
• 13:54
  [SPEAKER_01]: They don't really produce new fish, which if you remember was kinda the whole point?
• 13:59
  [SPEAKER_01]: In fact artificial reefs don't encourage new growth at all.
• 14:03
  [SPEAKER_01]: They aggregate fish from other nearby often natural reefs and concentrate them into a single area.
• 14:09
  [SPEAKER_01]: Fishermen then clocked at Fisher all-gathering in this one place and overfish the populations.
• 14:14
  [SPEAKER_01]: It's a really vicious cycle.
• 14:17
  [SPEAKER_01]: But all the pushback and discouragement from experts still doesn't stop new artificial reefs being built, with varying degrees of success.
• 14:25
  [SPEAKER_01]: Off the coast of Kibiskane, Florida, and artificial structure called Neptune Memorial Reef was opened in 2007 with the intention of storing some rather unusual cargo.
• 14:35
  [SPEAKER_01]: Want to have a guess at what it is?
• 14:37
  [SPEAKER_01]: It's not tires.
• 14:39
  [SPEAKER_00]: It's the souls of the damned.
• 14:44
  [SPEAKER_01]: Uh, what?
• 14:45
  [SPEAKER_01]: Okay, not quite.
• 14:46
  [SPEAKER_01]: Hopefully no one's damned, but the reforvers is service where after someone's passing, they take their cremated remains and mix them with pH neutral cement, which doesn't affect the weather parameters like regular cement what?
• 14:59
  [SPEAKER_01]: From this, they form a concrete memorial.
• 15:01
  [SPEAKER_01]: These can weigh from 550 pounds up to a 54,000 pounds.
• 15:06
  [SPEAKER_01]: Sheesh!
• 15:07
  [SPEAKER_01]: Ain't no way that's floating off.
• 15:10
  [SPEAKER_01]: In fact, each memorial is designed to withstand the strongest storm in the last 100 years, but that's not the only consideration they've taken.
• 15:19
  [SPEAKER_01]: The surface of each structure is made to be especially rough, so corals have plenty of
• 15:26
  [SPEAKER_01]: neat.
• 15:27
  [SPEAKER_01]: Once each commemoration ornament is completed, it gets lowered into the huge 600,000 square foot sight where each memorial is laid out meticulously.
• 15:36
  [SPEAKER_01]: Now, joke, this place is set out like a giant underwater city with roads, a large central feature, and even underwater benches and statues.
• 15:45
  [SPEAKER_01]: Awesome!
• 15:46
  [SPEAKER_01]: Neptune Memorial Reef is the brainchild of marine biologist Gary Levine and artist Ken Brandell, who envisioned a place where eventually over 125,000 remains could be interned.
• 15:58
  [SPEAKER_01]: As of 2022, however, it only managed to accrue 1500 people, one of which has famed celebrity chef Julia Childs.
• 16:06
  [SPEAKER_01]: But while Uptake has been slow, the Revitself seems to be growing.
• 16:10
  [SPEAKER_01]: More than 140 marine species now call this place their home.
• 16:14
  [SPEAKER_01]: And the caretakers have had it placed in a special management zone, so boaters are welcome as our scuba divers and visitors paying respects to their loved ones.
• 16:23
  [SPEAKER_01]: However, fishing boats and lobster divers are strictly banned from interfering with the ecosystem.
• 16:29
  [SPEAKER_01]: Now, if you're thinking about this for a loved one or maybe yourself, I'd hold on until you hear the price.
• 16:34
  [SPEAKER_01]: The very cheapest, most basic memorial is going to set you back a hand some $13,000.
• 16:40
  [SPEAKER_01]: But that can very easily jump up to $85,000 depending on the intricacies of the design.
• 16:46
  [SPEAKER_01]: It is far as I'm aware that doesn't cover the cost of cremation, which on average is between $3,500 and $7,800.
• 16:52
  [SPEAKER_01]: Yikes.
• 16:54
  [SPEAKER_01]: Okay, so the price is a little steep for most people, but it doesn't really sound like there are any negatives to this, right?
• 17:02
  [SPEAKER_01]: They fixed the errors made by Nearby Osborne Reef and Adapted.
• 17:06
  [SPEAKER_01]: Well, and she'll give me a second to done my Grumpy YouTuber Hottake hat again.
• 17:11
  [SPEAKER_01]: Sure, the Reef itself is successful, but it's not without criticisms.
• 17:16
  [SPEAKER_01]: Firstly, cremation in general is pretty unsustainable.
• 17:20
  [SPEAKER_01]: Each person who gets cremated releases almost 900 pounds of the looting carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which is a leading cause of climate change and warms the planet.
• 17:29
  [SPEAKER_01]: However, it's probably unfair to have been all of the environmental consequences of cremation on this reef.
• 17:35
  [SPEAKER_01]: After all, people would still get cremated if it wasn't there.
• 17:38
  [SPEAKER_01]: But what does matter is the concrete the ashes are mixed with.
• 17:43
  [SPEAKER_01]: Concrete production is responsible for 8% of all global carbon dioxide emissions, and is severely detrimental effects on the environment.
• 17:52
  [SPEAKER_01]: As more CO2 dissolves in our oceans, the pH level which determines how acidic or alkaline the water is decreases, becoming more acidic.
• 18:01
  [SPEAKER_01]: Blood corals require alkaline water to grow, so even though the refuses a special concrete which doesn't leak harmful materials into the water, the process to produce the concrete does, and that leads on to my final miserable point.
• 18:17
  [SPEAKER_01]: that isn't this a bit of a gimmick.
• 18:19
  [SPEAKER_01]: The whole living coffin's idea isn't new.
• 18:21
  [SPEAKER_01]: In recent years we've seen all kinds of eco burial methods from coffins made from mushroom fibers to seed earns which turn into trees.
• 18:30
  [SPEAKER_01]: But I think it's fair to say that these all tinker at the edges of environmentalism instead of engaging in more fundamental changes.
• 18:37
  [SPEAKER_01]: It's a bit, oh, I won't be here, but turn me into a siloed, and being priced for a higher than standard barrel options, it seems a bit elitist to me, and only the rich and fancy can afford the ginormous price tag to turn themselves into a hunk of concrete.
• 18:52
  [SPEAKER_01]: So yes, Neptune Reeve is doing its job, but whether there's actually any significant environmental impact, I'm a bit on the fence.
• 19:00
  [SPEAKER_01]: The same goes for an even stranger looking artificial reef, the USS or Scotty.
• 19:06
  [SPEAKER_01]: Sure, some seafaring vessels sink, but the or Scotty didn't sink in a battle or even some freak accident, it was some con purpose.
• 19:14
  [SPEAKER_01]: Up after being commissioned in the 1950s and serving in both the Korean and Vietnam wars, the boat was decommissioned in 1976 and laid up and storage for years.
• 19:24
  [SPEAKER_01]: It was towed about to various locations until eventually in 2004, the Navy announced the ship had been sold off to, you guessed it, Florida, to become an artificial reef.
• 19:35
  [SPEAKER_01]: So instead of scrabbing it and finding another use for its parts, which sounds like the smart thing to do in 2006 Florida went, well, full Florida.
• 19:43
  [SPEAKER_01]: By sailing at 24 miles south of Pensacola and blowing it up with 500 pounds of seafork explosives.
• 19:51
  [SPEAKER_01]: Honestly, you can't make this stuff up.
• 19:54
  [SPEAKER_01]: Believe it or not though, the Sunken USS Horskani has actually been a massive success.
• 19:59
  [SPEAKER_01]: The 900-foot-long wreck quickly drew all kinds of aquatic life and has even begun a huge attraction for scuba divers.
• 20:06
  [SPEAKER_01]: But now it's time for me to be a big ol' party boober again.
• 20:09
  [SPEAKER_01]: Now, okay, so that worst Connie did go through a large amount of environmental remediation, which is a fancy way of saying they took away the bad stuff before they sank it.
• 20:19
  [SPEAKER_01]: But despite those efforts, there were still hundreds of pounds of cancer causing chemicals called polychlorinated bifinols in the insulation and wiring.
• 20:28
  [SPEAKER_01]: These products were popular around the time of the worst Connie being built.
• 20:32
  [SPEAKER_01]: However, they were banned in 1978 for being extremely harmful.
• 20:36
  [SPEAKER_01]: and they're on board the boat.
• 20:38
  [SPEAKER_01]: We're not sure yet if this is caused any real harm, but it seems like a pretty massive oversight.
• 20:44
  [SPEAKER_01]: Sure, the reef itself is doing just fine, but it might take longer for the potential side effects to rear their nasty heads.
• 20:51
  [SPEAKER_01]: But they never get a chance to rear their nasty heads if the ship had just been scrapped.
• 20:56
  [SPEAKER_01]: Their arguments for and against this too, but here me out.
• 21:00
  [SPEAKER_01]: The worst Connie has had huge sentimental values stemming from its military service.
• 21:05
  [SPEAKER_01]: Had it been scrapped, then a piece of history would have been destroyed.
• 21:09
  [SPEAKER_01]: By sinking it, it can still be appreciated and visit it, only by highly-transcubate average sure, but it's still something.
• 21:17
  [SPEAKER_01]: So sinking the vessel may well have been catering to nostalgia more than any serious environmentalist thought.
• 21:23
  [SPEAKER_01]: I think what I'm trying to get at is that the orskani just like any of these other reefs seems to try and solve a problem by contributing to a much bigger one.
• 21:32
  [SPEAKER_01]: Got a little spirit hires?
• 21:33
  [SPEAKER_01]: Build them in the water.
• 21:35
  [SPEAKER_01]: Got a little waste concrete?
• 21:39
  [SPEAKER_01]: I'll jump it into the water with Osborn Neptune and the USS or Scotty, there's a familiar pattern.
• 21:49
  [SPEAKER_01]: There's an abundance of something that's costly to get rid of, so companies pursue questionable legal routes to just dump it and forget about it.
• 21:57
  [SPEAKER_01]: If and it's a big if, the reefs take off, everyone's padding themselves on the back and counting all the money they saved.
• 22:03
  [SPEAKER_01]: But if it fails, I could did with Osborne, they already watched their hands of it.
• 22:07
  [SPEAKER_01]: But with that, it's time to let this all sink in.
• 22:10
  [SPEAKER_01]: Okay, I really couldn't help myself.
• 22:13
  [SPEAKER_01]: Come on, this has been gloomy enough, let me just get one bad pun in for all time's sake.
• 22:17
  [SPEAKER_01]: Thanks for listening to the podcast, we'll see you again next time you'll want to be amazed.
• 22:24
  [SPEAKER_00]: Thank you for watching.