Judeans: Graffito depicting Jesus as a donkey-headed god on a cross (early third century CE)

Ethnic Relations and Migration in the Ancient World: The Websites of Philip A. Harland · Oct 24, 2026

Information and description: This graffito was found scratched onto a wall within a building (paedagogium) on the southwestern slope of the Palatine hill at Rome. The building was frequented by enslaved and ex-enslaved boys and youths (paedogogi or simply pueri) who were likely being trained for various roles in the household of the imperial family, […]