Latest / Reformed Thinking / Today, If You Hear His Voice (Psalm 95) | Charles Spurgeon
Transcript
- 0:00Reformed thinking, welcome back to the table.
- 0:03Today we are doing something a little different for a deep
- 0:05dive. Usually we take a specific
- 0:07doctrine like justification or maybe sanctification, and we
- 0:11chase it through a dozen different verses across the Old
- 0:14New Testament. But today we are going to park
- 0:17the bus. We are staying in one single
- 0:19chapter of the Bible. We are, and it is a chapter that
- 0:23if you grew up in a liturgical tradition, Anglican, Lutheran,
- 0:27or even some Presbyterian circles, you probably know by
- 0:29heart, or at least you think you know it.
- 0:31You were talking about the Venite.
- 0:33The Venite Psalm 95-O Come, let us sing unto the Lord.
- 0:36It is the classic call to worship.
- 0:38It functions as the opening bell of the service.
- 0:40Right, it is the happy part of the service.
- 0:42You stand up, the organ swells, everyone feels good.
- 0:45But here is the problem. And This is why we wanted to do
- 0:47a deep dive on this specific text.
- 0:50Most of us stop reading halfway through.
- 0:51We get to the part about the sheep and we check out.
- 0:54We do. We love the invitation, We love
- 0:56the joyful noise. But Charles Spurgeon, who is
- 0:59going to be our main guide today through his massive work, The
- 1:02Treasury of David, he describes the Psalm in a way that gave me
- 1:06pause. He says this text rings like
- 1:09church bells. It starts with a lively, joyful
- 1:12peel, almost like a wedding March.
- 1:14And then without warning, it drops into a funeral.
- 1:17Now it goes from sing to the Lord to harden not your hearts.
- 1:21It is a massive shift from a wedding to a warning.
- 1:24That is the tension we want to unpack today.
- 1:26Why does this Psalm have a split personality?
- 1:29How do you get from shouting for joy to God, swearing in His
- 1:31wrath that you will never enter His rest?
- 1:34We have a lot of source material to help us answer that.
- 1:36Along with Spurgeon, we are pulling from John Calvin, EW
- 1:40Hengstenberg, and several other Puritan commentators.
- 1:42And to understand it, we have to look at it through a Reformed
- 1:45lens. We have to talk about God's
- 1:46absolute sovereignty. We have to talk about the
- 1:49authority of Scripture. And we have to talk about the
- 1:52uncomfortable reality that you can be in the church singing the
- 1:55songs and still have a heart of stone.
- 1:57So let us get the housekeeping out of a way first.
- 1:59I'm looking at my Bible, Psalm 95.
- 2:02There is No title. It does not say a Psalm of
- 2:04David. It is totally anonymous.
- 2:07In the Hebrew Masoretic Text, you are absolutely correct.
- 2:09It is an orphan Psalm. But we are attributing it to
- 2:12David. We are and this is a classic
- 2:15case of scripture interpreting scripture.
- 2:17We do not need to guess because the New Testament solves the
- 2:20mystery for us. If you flip over to Hebrews
- 2:23chapter 4 verse 7, the author of Hebrews quotes the specific text
- 2:28and explicitly introduces it with the phrase saying in David.
- 2:32Saying in David, that is kind of an odd phrase, isn't it it?
- 2:35Is a bit unusual and you'll find scholars who NIT pick that they
- 2:38will argue well in David just means in the book of Psalms
- 2:41because David is the headline name for the whole book.
- 2:43Like saying I read it in Shakespeare, even if it is a
- 2:47sonnet he might not have written himself.
- 2:49Precisely. But Spurgeon pushes back on that
- 2:52idea. He argues that the internal
- 2:54evidence screams David, the tone, the shift from high praise
- 2:58to heavy pastoral teaching. It is very characteristic of the
- 3:02shepherd king. It speaks to the Jewish people
- 3:05with strict authority. Yet the Holy Spirit uses it in
- 3:07Hebrews to speak to Gentile believers.
- 3:10It bridges the Testaments beautifully.
- 3:11OK, so we have David as the author structurally.
- 3:15You mentioned this wedding to funeral shift.
- 3:17Yeah. Where's the actual break in the
- 3:19text? It is almost perfectly down the
- 3:21middle. Verses one through 7 are the
- 3:23invitation. It is the come let us.
- 3:24It is entirely vertical looking up at God.
- 3:27Then right in the middle of verse 7 the camera snaps to a
- 3:31horizontal view. Verses 8 through 11 are the
- 3:33warning. It connects the come let us of
- 3:35worship to the Today if you will hear of strict obedience.
- 3:39You cannot have one without the other.
- 3:40You can try, but that is called hypocrisy.
- 3:43The Psalm argues that true worship must lead to a soft
- 3:45heart. If you have the singing without
- 3:47the obedience, you are just making noise.
- 3:49Well, Speaking of noise, let us look at verse 10.
- 3:51Come, let us sing into the Lord. Let us make a joyful noise to
- 3:55the rock of our salvation. I want to stop on the phrase
- 3:59joyful noise because in modern English noise is usually a bad
- 4:03thing. We say stop making that noise or
- 4:06we complain about background noise.
- 4:08Right, it is distinct from music.
- 4:10Music is ordered, whereas noise is chaotic.
- 4:12Yeah, it sounds like my kids banging pots and pans in the
- 4:14kitchen, but that is not what the Hebrew is getting at here.
- 4:17Not at all. The Hebrew word is Rua and it is
- 4:20a very visceral word. It literally means a shout.
- 4:23A literal shout. A shout.
- 4:25Think of a loud trumpet blast, or better yet, think of a
- 4:28victorious army coming home. It is that roar of a crowd when
- 4:31the home team scores the winning point.
- 4:33It is not a polite mumbled melody.
- 4:36It is a massive projection of energy.
- 4:38So when we stand in church and mumble quietly through the hymns
- 4:41looking bored. We are technically violating the
- 4:44spirit of Psalm 95. Spurgeon was actually very
- 4:46convicted about this. He noticed.
- 4:48And keep in mind this is Victorian England, so everyone
- 4:50is very stiff and proper. He noticed that people equated
- 4:53being religious with looking miserable.
- 4:56The frozen chosen, as they say, right?
- 4:58He pointed out that we often think solemnity means gloom.
- 5:02But Spurgeon argues that true Reformed worship, true biblical
- 5:05worship, includes Rua. It includes visible, audible
- 5:10joy. If you are shouting to the rock
- 5:12of your salvation, you should not look like you were attending
- 5:15a funeral. Now you mentioned the rock, the
- 5:17rock of our salvation. That is not just a poetic nature
- 5:20metaphor, is it? No, it is a history lesson.
- 5:22It is a hyperlink back to the Exodus.
- 5:25Remember, the Israelites are in the desert.
- 5:26They are dying of thirst. God commands Moses to strike a
- 5:30rock. And water gushes out.
- 5:32Life from a stone and 1st Corinthians 10.4 tells us
- 5:36explicitly that rock was Christ so when the psalmist says sing
- 5:40to the rock, he is reminding them of God's impossible
- 5:43provision. He is saying look at the rock
- 5:45that saved you, which is crucial because, spoiler alert, the
- 5:48second-half of the Psalm is going to yell at them for
- 5:50complaining about that very same rock.
- 5:52It sets the stage perfectly. You cannot understand the
- 5:55complaint until you understand the provision.
- 5:57Spot on. I want to dig into a source here
- 5:59that I found fascinating. From the stack you brought, you
- 6:02included a sermon from 1659 by a Puritan named Charles Hurl.
- 6:06He preached this before the House of Lords.
- 6:08Yes, the sermon he called the Discordant conquered.
- 6:11Yeah, I love that phrase. It sounds like a contradiction.
- 6:14A discordant conquered. What was he getting out of the
- 6:16House of Lords? Pearl was an absolute master of
- 6:19breaking down the text. He looks at verse one and sees
- 6:23these pairs of words that seem like they shouldn't go together,
- 6:25but they actually create a perfect harmony.
- 6:28Give me an example of one of these pairs.
- 6:30OK, take the first two phrases. Come and let us.
- 6:34The word come implies A multitude.
- 6:36It paints a picture of a massive crowd gathering from all over
- 6:40the place. But the phrase let us implies
- 6:43unity acting as one single body. So you have a massive multitude
- 6:46acting as a single unified entity that is the first
- 6:50conquered. OK, that makes sense.
- 6:52What's the next one? He points out.
- 6:53Then he pairs sing with heartily rejoice.
- 6:57Singing is the voice, meaning it is entirely external.
- 7:00Rejoicing is the heart, meaning it is internal.
- 7:02Hurl is arguing that you cannot just have the external sound,
- 7:05you must have the internal reality matching it.
- 7:08That is the conquered of voice and heart.
- 7:10And the last one you mentioned, there were three.
- 7:13The last pair is rock and salvation.
- 7:16Think about those two concepts. Rock implies might, stability,
- 7:20hardness, strict strength. Salvation in the biblical sense
- 7:24implies mercy, rescue, tenderness, grace.
- 7:28So in one single verse you have the conquered of might and
- 7:31mercy, voice and heart, multitude in unity.
- 7:34That is incredibly dense. It is not just hey, let us sing
- 7:37a song together. It is a massive theological
- 7:39statement about who we are and who God is.
- 7:41And that theology dictates our posture.
- 7:43Look at verse 2. Let us come before His presence
- 7:46with Thanksgiving. Now the source notes point out
- 7:48the come before is a bit of a weird translation.
- 7:50This is an archaic use of English.
- 7:52The King James Version says prevent his face.
- 7:54Prevent his face. That sounds like we were trying
- 7:57to stop him from doing something.
- 7:58In 1611 English, prevent meant prevent literally to come before
- 8:03to to arrive first. The idea is anticipation.
- 8:07You are rushing to meet him. You aren't dragging your feet
- 8:10into the sanctuary on Sunday morning.
- 8:12You want to be early. And we aren't just meeting him
- 8:14anywhere, it says his presence. That refers to the Shekinah, the
- 8:18special localized presence of God in the Tabernacle.
- 8:22We are entering the throne room of the universe.
- 8:24So if I am walking into the Oval Office or the absolute throne
- 8:28room of the universe, I shouldn't just be whistling a
- 8:30casual tune? No, you bring a gift and the
- 8:33ticket for entry, according to verse 2, is Thanksgiving.
- 8:37There's a logical point here that John Calvin touches on.
- 8:39We are honor bound to bring Thanksgiving.
- 8:42Think about it logically. If we do not bless the Lord for
- 8:45what we have already received in the past, on what logical ground
- 8:48can we ask Him for anything in the future?
- 8:50That hits home. If I haven't thanked you for the
- 8:52lunch you bought me yesterday, I probably shouldn't ask you to
- 8:55buy me dinner today. Precisely, gratitude opens the
- 8:58door to petition, but the worship and the thanks have to
- 9:01come first. OK, so we have the what, singing
- 9:03and shouting. We have the how with
- 9:04Thanksgiving in unity. Now verse 3 gives us the why,
- 9:08for the Lord is a great God and a great king above all gods.
- 9:12Here we go into the theology proper.
- 9:14I have to play devil's advocate here.
- 9:16King above all gods. That sounds like he is admitting
- 9:18other gods exist. Like Jehovah is just the CEO of
- 9:22a board of directors of other deities, Is this teaching
- 9:25polytheism? It is a very common question
- 9:28when people read the Psalms, and the answer is a hard no.
- 9:31We have to be crystal clear on the monotheistic stance of
- 9:33scripture, especially from a reformed perspective.
- 9:37The psalmist is not admitting the existence of rival deities
- 9:40in the sense that they are real divine beings with actual
- 9:43authority. But he literally calls them gods
- 9:45right there in the text. He does, but look at the context
- 9:48of the ancient Near East. Every nation had a local God.
- 9:52The Moabites had Chamosh, the Philistines, said Dagon.
- 9:55The psalmist, is totally repudiating them when he speaks
- 9:58of gods here. It can mean a few specific
- 10:00things. First, it refers to idols, which
- 10:02the Bible elsewhere says are nothing, just wood and stone.
- 10:05Or, more disturbingly, they are demons.
- 10:07So king over demons? Right or king over blocks of
- 10:09wood. Second, it can refer to angels
- 10:13who are created powers and entirely subordinate.
- 10:16But there's a third option. If you look at Psalm 82, the
- 10:19Hebrew word Elohim gods is sometimes applied to earthly
- 10:23judges or magistrates because they hold the power of life and
- 10:27death over people. So the point isn't my God is
- 10:30stronger than your God. The point is, my God is the
- 10:33absolute sovereign, and your gods, whether they are statues,
- 10:37shoes, demons or earthly kings, are completely subordinate.
- 10:41Absolutely. Jehovah is not a tribal deity
- 10:43fighting for territory. He is the great King, and verses
- 10:47four and five prove why he is the great King.
- 10:49It points directly to creation, and this is where the text gets
- 10:51fascinatingly specific. Verse 4 says in his hand are the
- 10:55deep places of the earth. The Deep Places.
- 10:58Now I want to bring in that excerpt from the Edinburgh
- 11:00Review that you flagged in the source stack.
- 11:01Yeah, I was really surprised to see a 19th century geological
- 11:04journal in the theological study.
- 11:06It was talking about coal mines of all things.
- 11:09It is a brilliant illustration of Providence in the physical
- 11:12world. The writer argues that the deep
- 11:15places are arranged by God's design, specifically for human
- 11:19benefit. Think about coal.
- 11:21OK, think about coal. Coal seams are deposited in
- 11:24strata over long periods. If those seams were left flat at
- 11:29the normal geological depth where they were originally
- 11:32formed, they would be miles and miles underground, completely
- 11:36out of human reach. We could never mind them.
- 11:38But what if they were right on the surface?
- 11:40Then the wind and rain would have eroded them away millions
- 11:42of years ago, or they would have been used up immediately by
- 11:45early civilizations. The source argues that God in
- 11:48his Providence used massive geological disturbances,
- 11:52earthquakes, shifting tectonic plates to break up the seams and
- 11:55push them up at sharp angles, dip and strike, as geologists
- 11:59call it. So the chaos of the Earth
- 12:00actually brought the resources within reach.
- 12:03Within reach, but not too easy reach.
- 12:06It requires hard labor to extract, but it is physically
- 12:09possible. The argument is that even the
- 12:11geology of the deep places, the literal cracks and faults in the
- 12:15earth, shows a deliberate design for human benefit.
- 12:18It is not just that God made a hole in the ground, it is that
- 12:22God designed the depths with intention.
- 12:25That puts a whole new spin on the phrase.
- 12:27In his hand are the deep places. It makes it credibly intimate.
- 12:30It really does, and then the psalmist looks up the strength
- 12:33of the hills is his also the. Source mentions the Adamantina
- 12:36geese. The needles of the Alps.
- 12:39The untrod and freezing peaks. We look at a mountain and we
- 12:42just see a pretty postcard. The psalmist looks at a mountain
- 12:45and sees a massive water tower. These peaks are God's treasure
- 12:48houses for snow and rain. They are the strict reservoirs
- 12:51that feed the valleys below so humanity can survive.
- 12:54And then the sea, verse 5 says the sea is his and he made it.
- 12:59To the ancient mind, the sea is the ultimate chaos.
- 13:02It is the monster in the dark. You cannot fence it in.
- 13:05You cannot tame it. You cannot own it.
- 13:07A human king can own land. He can put up a border wall or a
- 13:11fence, but no earthly king truly owns the ocean.
- 13:15But God does. The sea is his.
- 13:17Why? Because he made it.
- 13:19Stephen Charnock, the great Puritan theologian, has this
- 13:21beautiful line. He says God holds the mimic
- 13:24globe of the earth in his hand. A mimic globe like a toy.
- 13:27Exactly like a small model. If God holds the raging ocean
- 13:31like a tiny water droplet in the palm of his hand, what does that
- 13:35say about our daily circumstances?
- 13:37It really what's our minor problems in perspective.
- 13:39It establishes the entire reason for our worship.
- 13:41We do not just bow because it is a nice tradition.
- 13:44We bow because He holds the title deed to the very atoms of
- 13:48the universe. And that realization forces us
- 13:50to our knees in verse 6. So let us talk about that
- 13:53physical shift. We have been shouting.
- 13:54We have been contemplating deep geology in the vast ocean.
- 13:57Now verse 6 says, oh, come, let us worship and bow down.
- 14:00Let us kneel before the Lord our Maker.
- 14:02It is a total change in physical posture.
- 14:05I will be honest, my knees hurt just thinking about kneeling on
- 14:09a hard floor. But there is a logic to this
- 14:11progression. You cannot just keep shouting
- 14:14forever. No, and you shouldn't.
- 14:16The Hebrew here is very specific.
- 14:18The word for worship is closely related to complete prostration.
- 14:23It means hands and legs stretched out completely flat on
- 14:26the ground, face in the dirt. Yet is intense.
- 14:29Yeah, we do not see that much in modern Western churches.
- 14:33We really don't. But it was the standard expected
- 14:36posture of the ancient world when approaching an absolute
- 14:39monarch. And here we are approaching the
- 14:42Lord our Maker. Now, Maker usually means Creator
- 14:45in our modern vocabulary, like he knitted me together in my
- 14:47mother's womb. That is true biologically, but
- 14:50in the context of Psalm 95 it means much more than that.
- 14:53Remember, this is a covenant song.
- 14:54When it says Maker, it refers to the making of a distinct people.
- 14:58Like nation building? Exactly.
- 15:00He took a family of wandering nomads, Abraham, Isaac, Jacob,
- 15:03and sanity. He built them into a massive
- 15:06nation. He constructed Israel out of
- 15:08nothing in the New Testament sense.
- 15:11He constructs the church. We are his workmanship, as the
- 15:14Apostle Paul says. So when we kneel, we are
- 15:17acknowledging that we are a manufactured people.
- 15:20We did not create ourselves. And that leads directly into the
- 15:23pastoral imagery of verse 7. For He is our God, and we are
- 15:27the people of his pasture, and the sheep of his hand.
- 15:29This is where the text gets incredibly tender, but I want
- 15:32you to notice something that Agustin pointed out.
- 15:34It is a bit of a mismatch in the phrasing.
- 15:37A mismatch? How so?
- 15:38Read it again closely. People of his pasture, sheep of
- 15:42his hand. Usually you expect it to say
- 15:44sheep of his pasture and people of his hand.
- 15:46Right, because sheep eat grass in a pasture.
- 15:48Yeah, and God's hand forms people.
- 15:51Why did the psalmist swap them? It is highly intentional.
- 15:54Think about what it means to be the people of His pasture.
- 15:57It means that even though we are human beings with high intellect
- 16:00and free will, we are just as dependent on God for our daily
- 16:04sustenance as a dumb sheep is on grass.
- 16:08We are not self-sufficient in any way.
- 16:11And sheep of his hand. That is the most intimate part
- 16:14of the whole Psalm. If a sheep is in a pasture, it
- 16:17is eating off the ground, kind of doing its own thing.
- 16:19But if a sheep is eating directly from your hand, where
- 16:22is it? It is right next to you.
- 16:24It trusts you completely not to hurt it.
- 16:26It is totally vulnerable and it implies that the shepherd is not
- 16:29distant. He is not watching the flock
- 16:31from a hill a mile away with binoculars.
- 16:34He's hand feeding the flock. He's hand leading them step by
- 16:37step. Augustine had a great quote in
- 16:39the notes about the nature of ownership here.
- 16:41Yes, he said. Essentially that you can acquire
- 16:43sheep in many different ways. You can buy them with money.
- 16:45You can inherit them from your father, you can even steal them
- 16:48from a neighbor, but you cannot make them.
- 16:51Only God can make his sheep. Right.
- 16:53If you buy a sheep, you own it legally.
- 16:55But if you make the sheep, if you designed its wool, its legs,
- 16:58its lungs, its breath, you own it absolutely.
- 17:01It belongs to you in a way nothing else ever can.
- 17:03That sense of total ownership and total care is really
- 17:06comforting. I mean, who wouldn't want to be
- 17:08a sheep of his hand? It sounds incredibly safe.
- 17:12That is the trap. The trap.
- 17:13What do you mean? We get too comfortable, we hear
- 17:16the sheep language and we think, oh how nice, God loves me, I'm
- 17:19safe in the fold and we drift into a dangerous spiritual
- 17:22sleep. And that is exactly why the next
- 17:25sentence hits like a physical slap in the face.
- 17:28Verse 7B today if you will hear his voice.
- 17:31Is a violent pivot, Yeah. One minute we are happily eating
- 17:34from his hand, the next minute he is strictly demanding our
- 17:38absolute attention. Hankenberg called calls this the
- 17:40beating heart of the song. Why the sudden urgency?
- 17:43Why the word today? Because the Holy Ghost knows
- 17:46human nature perfectly, we love to procrastinate spiritual
- 17:48things. We think I will repent tomorrow.
- 17:51I will get serious about my faith when I am older and have
- 17:53less distractions. I will deal with that secret sin
- 17:56next week. And the Psalm says no today.
- 18:00Not tomorrow. The sources had a chilling quote
- 18:02from Thomas Fuller on this exact point.
- 18:04He said you cannot repent too soon because you do not know how
- 18:07soon it may be too late. That is terrifying to think.
- 18:11About And W Mason added to that, he said if we put off repentance
- 18:14another day, we have a day more to repent of and a day less to
- 18:18repent in. The math is totally against you.
- 18:21Every single day you wait, the syndec gets bigger and the time
- 18:25window gets shorter. But let us talk about the
- 18:27mechanism here, if you will hear his voice.
- 18:29Hearing seems so passive. I hear the traffic outside the
- 18:32studio right now and I'm not trying to hear it.
- 18:34It just happens. But are you listening to it?
- 18:36That is the core difference. The Hebrew idea of hearing
- 18:40involves active obedience. Shima Israel, hear, O Israel.
- 18:44It implies taking the information in, processing it
- 18:47and acting on it immediately. Bernardo Clairvaux noted that
- 18:50the problem isn't the volume of God's voice.
- 18:53Right. It isn't that God is whispering
- 18:54too quietly for us to catch it. It is that we stop our ears.
- 18:58We actively block the frequency because we do not want to hear
- 19:02what He has to say. And from a Reformed perspective,
- 19:05this touches heavily on the doctrine of the call.
- 19:07The external versus the internal call.
- 19:10The external tall is the preaching on Sunday.
- 19:12It is the reading of the Scripture.
- 19:14Everyone's sitting in the room hears the physical sound waves
- 19:16hitting their eardrums. But the internal call, the
- 19:19effectual call, is when the Holy Spirit takes that sound wave and
- 19:23drives it past the defenses and into the heart.
- 19:25The strict warning here is do not resist that pressure.
- 19:29Because if you do resist it, something happens to your heart.
- 19:32Verse 8 says harden, not your heart.
- 19:35This is the real danger. We tend to think of a hard heart
- 19:38as someone who is cartoonishly evil.
- 19:40You know, villain twisting his mustache, plotting crimes.
- 19:43But biblically hardening is a slow process.
- 19:45It is a callus. Like getting a callus on your
- 19:47hands. Exactly.
- 19:48If you go out and work with a shovel, the first day your hands
- 19:51blister, it hurts terribly. But if you keep doing it day
- 19:54after day, the skin gets thick. Eventually you can grip that
- 19:58shovel and you can't feel the handle anymore.
- 20:00So the first time you sin, or the first time you actively
- 20:02ignore God, you're conscience pricks you?
- 20:05It stings, but if you ignore it today and then you ignore it
- 20:09tomorrow, the spiritual callous builds up.
- 20:12You lose sensitivity. William Gouge, the Puritan
- 20:15commentator, breaks this down into 3 distinct parts.
- 20:18The mind, the will and the affections.
- 20:21How does that breakdown work? 1st the mind becomes blind.
- 20:24You literally stop seeing the truth of the gospel.
- 20:27Then the will become stubborn. You refuse to bend your knee and
- 20:30finally the affections become, and I love this old phrase he
- 20:33uses. They become stupid.
- 20:34Stupidity of affections. That is quite a phrase.
- 20:37It means you start loving the wrong things.
- 20:39You love the dirt instead of the diamonds.
- 20:41You love your specific sin instead of your Savior.
- 20:44That is the definition of a hard heart.
- 20:46And the song gives us a very specific historical example of
- 20:49this process. It says as in the provocation
- 20:53and as in the day of temptation in the wilderness.
- 20:56Masa El Miraba. These are real geographical.
- 20:59Places they are, and we need to go back there mentally to feel
- 21:02the actual weight of this warning.
- 21:04We are talking about the events in Exodus 17 and Numbers 20.
- 21:08The Israelites are in the desert.
- 21:10It is boiling hot, it is dusty, and they completely run out of
- 21:14water. Now, to be fair to them, dying
- 21:17of thirst in a desert is a legitimate crisis.
- 21:20It is a massive crisis. It is terrifying.
- 21:22Your children are crying, your livestock is dying.
- 21:24Your throat is parched. But look at what they actually
- 21:27did. Did they fall on their knees and
- 21:28say, Oh God, you saved us from Pharaoh, please give us water to
- 21:31drink? No, they attacked Moses.
- 21:34They almost stoned him to death and they put God on trial.
- 21:37They literally said, is the Lord among us or not?
- 21:40That is the provocation. They questioned his very
- 21:42presence just because of their physical discomfort.
- 21:45And that leads to the theological definition of
- 21:48tempting God. The text says when your father's
- 21:51tempted me, what does it actually mean to tempt the
- 21:55Almighty? You can't trick him into doing
- 21:57something. Henry Melville had a great
- 21:59definition in the notes he provided.
- 22:01He said tempting God is demanding that He change his
- 22:04will to suit our comfort. It is pure arrogance.
- 22:07It is looking up and saying God, if you are real, you will do
- 22:10what I want exactly when I want it.
- 22:12It is treating the sovereign creator like a cosmic vending
- 22:15machine. If the candy bar does not drop
- 22:17when you push the button, you kick the machine.
- 22:19And the irony of it looking at verse 9 is just crushing.
- 22:23When your father's tempted me, proved me, and saw my work.
- 22:26Saw my work stop and imagine the scene.
- 22:29They are standing there in the dirt, complaining loudly that
- 22:31God has totally abandoned them and what is visible in the sky
- 22:35right above their heads at that exact moment.
- 22:38The pillar of cloud. The miraculous supernatural fire
- 22:41cloud that has been leading them every single day.
- 22:43They are eating manna, literal bread from heaven that appeared
- 22:47on the ground that very morning. They saw the Red Sea part in
- 22:50half. And yet they act like atheists
- 22:52because they are thirsty. It really shows that miracles do
- 22:55not create genuine. Faith they do not.
- 22:57If your heart is hard, you can see a dead man rise from the
- 23:00grave and you will just ask how he did the magic trick.
- 23:04They saw the work for 40 continuous years and yet they
- 23:07still tempted him daily. And God's reaction is extremely
- 23:10visceral. Verse 10 says 40 years long was
- 23:13I grieved with this generation. Grieved.
- 23:15The Hebrew word used there is quet, and it is much, much
- 23:19stronger than just being sad or disappointed.
- 23:20What does it imply? Nausea, loathing.
- 23:24Utter disgust. It is the feeling you get when
- 23:26you eat something totally rotten and your body desperately wants
- 23:29to reject it. That is a scary thing to hear
- 23:31about God. We always talk about God being
- 23:33love, but here God is physically disgusted.
- 23:36He is disgusted because of the nature of the relationship.
- 23:39Peron notes that this is the reaction of a devoted parent or
- 23:43a spouse who has given everything love, protection,
- 23:46constant provision and receives only bitter scorn in return.
- 23:50And it wasn't just a bad weekend.
- 23:52It was 40 years. An entire lifetime of rebellion.
- 23:55The whole generation of nagging, complaining and deep unbelief.
- 23:59It exhausted the divine patience and.
- 24:02He gives the spiritual diagnosis in verse 10.
- 24:04It is a people that do air in their heart and they have not
- 24:07known my ways. Notice the specific location of
- 24:10the air. It is not in the head, it is in
- 24:12the heart. Explain the difference for us.
- 24:15Musculus the reformer points this out beautifully.
- 24:17The Israelites were not ignorant people.
- 24:19They knew the statutes. They heard Moses preach the law
- 24:22every week. They knew the theology inside
- 24:24and out. The error was in the affections.
- 24:26They simply didn't want God's ways.
- 24:28They wanted God's stuff, but not his ways.
- 24:30Correct. They wanted the water from the
- 24:32rock, but not the obedience to the rock.
- 24:34They wanted the physical safety, but not the divine sovereignty.
- 24:37And that is the exact state of the natural man.
- 24:40That is the doctrine of total depravity on full display.
- 24:44Left to our ourselves, we will always choose the air because we
- 24:47naturally love the air. And because of that hard air, we
- 24:51get the hammer drop in verse 11. Unto whom I swear in my wrath,
- 24:56that they should not enter into my rest, God swearing an oath
- 25:00against his own people. Robert SA, classic English
- 25:03preacher, said that an oath from a mortal man is serious.
- 25:06If I swear to do something for you, I might break it due to
- 25:09weakness. But an oath from God?
- 25:12He calls it truth with a vengeance.
- 25:14It is totally be irrevocable. Once God swears in his wrath,
- 25:17the door is shut and locked. There is no higher appeal court
- 25:19you can go to. And the physical punishment was
- 25:21that they were barred from entering Canaan.
- 25:23They were. Think about the massive tragedy
- 25:25of that. They crossed the Red Sea.
- 25:28They survived all the plagues in Egypt.
- 25:30They walked for decades through the blistering heat, and they
- 25:33died in the sand. Their bones were left bleaching
- 25:36in the wilderness. They never tasted a single drop
- 25:39of the milk and honey. But the Psalm calls it my rest,
- 25:43and the writer of Hebrews picks up on this specific phrasing.
- 25:45It wasn't just about Middle Eastern real estate.
- 25:47No, Canaan was a type, A shadow of things to come.
- 25:51The rest is much bigger than a plot of land.
- 25:54Unpack the theology of that rest for us.
- 25:56Hebrews 3 and 4 make the theological connection.
- 25:59There is the creation, rest the Sabbath day.
- 26:02There is the land rest, the physical nation of Canaan, but
- 26:05the true rest is salvation in Jesus Christ.
- 26:08It is ceasing from your own exhausting works to try and save
- 26:12yourself and in the end it is the eternal state heaven.
- 26:16So the strict warning for us for what Spurgeon calls the Gentile
- 26:19believers sitting the pews today is that we could be just like
- 26:22the Israelites. We can be in the visible church
- 26:24in the wilderness. We can take the sacraments.
- 26:26We can hear the Word preach. We can be the people of his
- 26:28pasture in a visible, outward sense.
- 26:31But if the heart is hard, if we persist in hidden unbelief, we
- 26:36will not enter the true rest. Outward membership does not
- 26:39guarantee inward reality. That is the core Reformed
- 26:43distinction between the visible church, which is everyone
- 26:45sitting in the pews on Sunday, and the invisible church, which
- 26:48is the actual elect. Is a very sobering thought
- 26:51regarding the doctrine of perseverance.
- 26:53We often assume once saved, always saved.
- 26:57So I can live however I want during the week.
- 27:00But the actual proof of salvation is perseverance.
- 27:03If you fall away, if you harden your heart over time and die in
- 27:06the wilderness of your own sin, it proves you never truly
- 27:09partook of the rock to begin with.
- 27:11As Hebrews says, we must fear lest we seem to come short of
- 27:14it. Unbelief firmly bars the gate to
- 27:16heaven. And that brings us to the
- 27:17closing logic of the Psalm. It just abruptly ends there.
- 27:21That they should not enter into my rest.
- 27:23Boom into the Psalm. Nothing else.
- 27:25It is shockingly abrupt, it does not resolve gracefully.
- 27:28There is no happy ending verse where they all repent, cry and
- 27:31everything is fine. Why leave it hanging like that?
- 27:34I think it is a brilliant rhetorical device by the Holy
- 27:36Spirit. It forces the listener to go
- 27:38right back to the beginning. You are left staring at the
- 27:41threat. They didn't enter.
- 27:43So the natural panicked question in your mind is how do I make
- 27:46sure I enter? And the answer is back in verse
- 27:48one. Exactly.
- 27:49To avoid the terrifying wrath of verse 11, you must embrace the
- 27:53come. Let us sing of verse one.
- 27:56You must embrace the urgent. Today of verse 7.
- 27:59You have to bow down physically and spiritually.
- 28:01You have to soften the heart. The sheer terror of the warning
- 28:05drives you back to the joy of the worship.
- 28:07So the structure itself is a loop.
- 28:09The fear of the warning drives you to the joy of the rock.
- 28:12And the joy of the rock keeps you from the hardness of the
- 28:14heart. It is a perfect theological
- 28:16circle. Let us summarize this because we
- 28:18have covered a massive amount of ground today.
- 28:20We started with the height of praise, the loud shouting joy to
- 28:23the rock of salvation. We move to the depth of
- 28:26reverence, kneeling flat on the ground before our maker who owns
- 28:30the raging sea and the deep coal mines.
- 28:32Then we hit the absolute urgency of the called the Today, the
- 28:36demand for immediate internal hearing and obedience.
- 28:40And finally, we face the terror of the alternative, the hard
- 28:44calloused heart, the provocation in the desert, the generation
- 28:48that literally disgusted God, and the oath that barred them
- 28:51from eternal rest. It really is a complete theology
- 28:54of the believer's walk in 11 short verses.
- 28:57The shepherd leads, He feeds, He holds us safely by the hand.
- 29:01But the sheep have a strict responsibility.
- 29:03We must not harden our hearts against the rod and the staff.
- 29:06We must trust His daily Providence, even when the water
- 29:09seems scarce and we are thirsty, because we know He is the rock.
- 29:13Here's a final provocative thought to leave you with,
- 29:15derived from the notes we study today.
- 29:17The entire Psalm hinges on that one word today.
- 29:21Today, if you will hear His voice, if you were sitting there
- 29:24waiting for a better time to get right with God, or to deal with
- 29:27a secret sin, or to really engage in worship instead of
- 29:29just mumbling, you are operating on a very dangerous assumption.
- 29:33You are assuming you have rights to it tomorrow.
- 29:35You nailed it. As the source said, he that hath
- 29:37promised pardon on our repentance have not promised to
- 29:40preserve our lives till we repent.
- 29:42You have today, that is all you actually possess.
- 29:45Use it well. This has been reformed thinking.
- 29:48Thanks for taking this deep dive with us.