Latest / MBA Training AI / Price elasticity in FMCG: weekly SKU-level models
Transcript
- 0:00Host: Welcome to the Leaders Insights podcast.
- 0:07Host: Today's episode, Building AI Elasticity Models for FMCG Assortment and Price Optimization.
- 0:13Host: Let's start with the thing everyone in consumer goods is whispering about this week.
- 0:18Host: Price elasticity models have existed since the 1980s.
- 0:21Host: Why is this suddenly a hot story in September 2026?
- 0:25Expert: Because the old models were built to answer one question a quarter.
- 0:28Expert: And the business now needs answers on thousands of products every week.
- 0:33Expert: Elasticity.
- 0:34Expert: How much sales move when you change the price?
- 0:36Expert: Was always calculated at a level so broad it was basically useless.
- 0:41Expert: You'd get detergent is price sensitive and then have to guess which pack size, which
- 0:46Expert: retailer, which region.
- 0:48Host: But the math hasn't changed.
- 0:49Host: A price coefficient is a price coefficient?
- 0:52Host: What's actually new?
- 0:54Expert: The math hasn't.
- 0:55Expert: The scale has.
- 0:56Expert: The old regressions choke on sparse data.
- 0:59Expert: Most individual products barely sell enough units in a given store week to estimate anything
- 1:04Expert: reliable.
- 1:05Expert: What's new is pooling.
- 1:07Expert: You borrow signal across similar products and stores.
- 1:10Expert: So a slow moving SQ.
- 1:12Expert: Stock keeping unit, one specific product and size, C, inherits patterns from its neighbors.
- 1:18Expert: That's the difference between an estimate you'd stake a negotiation on and noise.
- 1:23Host: The article anchors this on a specific number.
- 1:27Expert: The playbook sites teams moving from elasticity refreshes every 13 weeks down to weekly across
- 1:34Expert: roughly 40,000 SQ's per category.
- 1:37Expert: That cadence is the whole point.
- 1:39Expert: A quarterly number is a historical artifact by the time you use it.
- 1:43Expert: A weekly one survives contact with an actual trade negotiation.
- 1:47Host: You mentioned vendors are loud about this.
- 1:49Host: Whose figures should I distrust?
- 1:51Expert: Distrust is strong, but scrutinize.
- 1:53Expert: Yes.
- 1:54Expert: OpenAI and Google AI have both published throughput claims about running these models cheaply at
- 2:00Expert: scale.
- 2:01Expert: Very impressive per inference costs.
- 2:04Expert: Worth remembering they sell the compute those models run on, so the economics are conveniently
- 2:08Expert: rosy.
- 2:09Expert: Cross check against O'Reilly radar's engineering write-ups, which put real production costs
- 2:14Expert: higher once you include the data plumbing nobody demos.
- 2:18Host: The data plumbing.
- 2:19Host: That's the part that always gets skipped in the sales deck.
- 2:22Expert: It's 80% of the job.
- 2:24Expert: Your point of sale data, the scanner records from checkout, arrives late in different formats
- 2:29Expert: per retailer with promotions logged in consistently.
- 2:33Expert: If you can't cleanly separate a price cut from a display promotion sitting on top of
- 2:37Expert: it, your model attributes the sales lift to the wrong lever.
- 2:42Expert: Garbage estimate, confident decimal places.
- 2:45Host: Give me a concrete failure.
- 2:47Host: Where does this go wrong in the real world?
- 2:49Expert: Classic one.
- 2:50Expert: A brand sees demand jump when they discount.
- 2:53Expert: Model says very elastic, cut price permanently.
- 2:57Expert: But the jump was pantry loading.
- 2:59Expert: Shoppers stockpiling because it's cheap, then buying nothing for six weeks.
- 3:03Expert: The model saw a spike, missed the crater.
- 3:06Expert: MIT Technology Review flagged exactly this pattern earlier in 2026.
- 3:12Expert: Models that don't account for forward buying overstate elasticity and quietly destroy
- 3:17Expert: margin.
- 3:18Host: So how do you catch that?
- 3:19Expert: You model the post-promotion dip explicitly, and you validate against holdout stores.
- 3:25Expert: Locations where you deliberately don't run the price change, so you have a real comparison.
- 3:30Expert: If your model can't predict what happened in stores, it never saw.
- 3:33Expert: It's memorizing, not learning.
- 3:36Host: Let's talk power.
- 3:37Host: This connects to trade negotiation.
- 3:39Host: How does a better elasticity number change what happens in the room with a retailer?
- 3:43Expert: Enormously, because retailers have had the better data for years.
- 3:47Expert: The retailer knows your true elasticity from their own scanners.
- 3:51Expert: When a brand walks in with a course quarterly estimate, they're negotiating half-blind.
- 3:57Expert: A weekly, skew-level model means you can say, this promotion depth loses us both money.
- 4:03Expert: Here's the depth that grows the category.
- 4:06Expert: And back it with the same granularity they have.
- 4:08Host: Isn't there a risk you over-trust the model and stop using judgment?
- 4:12Expert: Yes.
- 4:13Expert: Discipline teams treat outputs as a decision input, not a verdict.
- 4:18Expert: The model tells you elasticity with a confidence range.
- 4:21Expert: If that range is wide, that's the model admitting it doesn't know.
- 4:24Expert: And that's when a human should override.
- 4:27Host: Give me the one thing a listener can do Monday morning.
- 4:30Expert: Pull your last four promotions and check whether anyone measured the post-promotion dip.
- 4:35Expert: If nobody has that number, every elasticity figure in your building is inflated, and
- 4:40Expert: you're leaving margin on the table before you touch a single model.