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A Diamond Could Become a Quantum Sensor for the Invisible World · The Quark Side - Quantum Physics Podcast

• 0:01
  Speaker 1: Welcome to the Quarkside Quantum Physics Podcast, an exploration of
• 0:05
  Speaker 1: the fundamental structure of reality, where quantum laws govern matter, energy,
• 0:11
  Speaker 1: and information. Here, uncertainty is a feature, not a flaw,
• 0:16
  Speaker 1: and understanding begins at the smallest scales.
• 0:27
  Speaker 2: I want you to picture a diamond right now. In
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  Speaker 2: your head, just conjure up the most classic image of
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  Speaker 2: a diamond you can possibly imagine.
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  Speaker 3: I feel like most people are probably picturing something sitting
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  Speaker 3: in a jewelry store display case, you know, under those
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  Speaker 3: really bright halogen lights.
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  Speaker 2: Right, exactly. You're picturing absolute crystalline perfection, a flawless translucent
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  Speaker 2: stone where every single facet is just cut to maximize
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  Speaker 2: the sparkle.
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  Speaker 3: Yeah, we've built entire global industries around that exact image.
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  Speaker 2: And cultural traditions, too. Frankly, the whole idea is that
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  Speaker 2: a diamond's value is derived almost entirely from its perfection.
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  Speaker 2: But what if we've had it backwards this whole time?
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  Speaker 3: It's a fun thought experiment. Right.
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  Speaker 2: What if I told you that the most exciting, the
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  Speaker 2: most revolutionary thing about a diamond isn't its flawless nature,
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  Speaker 2: but actually its flaws?
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  Speaker 3: Yeah, it really is a complete inversion of how we
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  Speaker 3: usually think about these stones.
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  Speaker 2: Because today, our mission is to explore how a microscopic
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  Speaker 2: typo in a diamond structure is moving quantum tech out
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  Speaker 2: of the extreme isolation of the lab and into the
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  Speaker 2: messy practical world.
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  Speaker 3: It's incredible. When we stop looking at a diamond as
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  Speaker 3: just a gemstone and start looking at it as a
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  Speaker 3: piece of advanced technology, the imperfections become the main event.
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  Speaker 2: Which is just wild to think about.
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  Speaker 3: It is. We're looking at a massive leap forward in
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  Speaker 3: quantum science where scientists are deliberately using these microscopic defects
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  Speaker 3: inside completely ordinary diamonds to create incredibly powerful quantum sensors.
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  Speaker 2: And these sensors can detect... practically invisible magnetic forces, right?
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  Speaker 2: With an unprecedented level of precision.
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  Speaker 3: Exactly. And what is truly groundbreaking here is that it
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  Speaker 3: takes quantum mechanics, which, you know, normally requires conditions colder
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  Speaker 3: than deep space to function, and brings it into ambient
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  Speaker 3: everyday conditions.
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  Speaker 2: Okay, let's unpack this, because jumping from a diamond ring
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  Speaker 2: to a quantum sensor detecting invisible magnetic fields is, it's
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  Speaker 2: a pretty massive conceptual leap.
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  Speaker 3: It definitely is.
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  Speaker 2: To really understand how a diamond transforms into a sensor,
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  Speaker 2: we have to mentally shrink ourselves down. We need to
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  Speaker 2: zoom way, way into the atomic structure of the diamond itself.
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  Speaker 3: Right, down to the lattice.
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  Speaker 1: Yeah.
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  Speaker 2: If you look at a perfect diamond at the atomic level,
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  Speaker 2: it's actually structurally incredibly boring. It is just a rigid,
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  Speaker 2: regular three-dimensional grid of carbon atoms.
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  Speaker 3: Just carbon, carbon, carbon, repeating endlessly.
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  Speaker 2: Endlessly in this tight lattice. But real diamonds in the
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  Speaker 2: real world are complex. you know, they're rarely perfect. Sometimes
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  Speaker 2: during the formation process deep underground, nature just makes a typo.
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  Speaker 3: A carbon atom gets swapped out for a completely different
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  Speaker 3: element or an atom just goes missing entirely.
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  Speaker 2: Right, leaving a gap in that perfect grid.
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  Speaker 3: And the specific structural typo that we are interested in
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  Speaker 3: involves nitrogen. So if you imagine that perfect grid of
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  Speaker 3: carbon atoms, picture that right in the middle. A single
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  Speaker 3: nitrogen atom has just crashed the party.
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  Speaker 2: Just barged right in.
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  Speaker 3: Yeah. It takes the place of a carbon atom. Now,
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  Speaker 3: Right next to that nitrogen atom, there is an empty space.
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  Speaker 3: It's a void where a carbon atom absolutely should be,
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  Speaker 3: but just isn't.
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  Speaker 2: And in the world of physics, this specific pairing, a
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  Speaker 2: nitrogen atom sitting right next to an empty space in
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  Speaker 2: the crystal lattice, is known as a nitrogen vacancy center,
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  Speaker 2: or an NV center. I like to think of a
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  Speaker 2: single NV center as a highly sensitive microscopic compass. Because
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  Speaker 2: of the unique way the electrons in that nitrogen atom
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  Speaker 2: and the empty space interact, They create a localized quantum state.
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  Speaker 3: Their spins are highly, highly sensitive to the environment around them. Yeah.
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  Speaker 2: And you can actually manipulate and measure the state of
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  Speaker 2: this little defect using light, specifically lasers, in magnetic fields. Right.
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  Speaker 3: And when this tiny defect is exposed to even an
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  Speaker 3: incredibly weak magnetic signal nearby, it reacts. It changes its state.
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  Speaker 3: It gives us a measurable signal.
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  Speaker 2: It's like it points toward the magnet.
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  Speaker 3: What's fascinating here is that environmental sensitivity is precisely what
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  Speaker 3: makes it such an attractive quantum sensor. It can detect
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  Speaker 3: magnetic fluctuations that are just far too weak for any
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  Speaker 3: standard classical instrument to ever pick up.
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  Speaker 2: But relying on a single, isolated quantum sensor... introduces a
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  Speaker 2: pretty severe bottleneck, doesn't it?
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  Speaker 3: Oh, absolutely. A microscopic quantum compass is a beautiful concept,
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  Speaker 3: but in practice, the signal you get from just one
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  Speaker 3: single NV center is incredibly faint.
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  Speaker 2: It's just vanishingly small.
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  Speaker 3: Yeah, trying to use it for big, practical measurements in
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  Speaker 3: the real world is almost impossible. The tiny signal just
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  Speaker 3: gets completely drowned out by the ambient background noise of
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  Speaker 3: the universe.
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  Speaker 2: So if a single NV center is basically just one
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  Speaker 2: person whispering in the middle of a noisy, crowded stadium...
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  Speaker 2: You're never going to hear it clearly.
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  Speaker 1: No, never.
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  Speaker 2: The logical next step, if we're trying to amplify that whisper,
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  Speaker 2: would be to use a massive group of them, right?
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  Speaker 2: If one person whispering doesn't work, get 10,000 people to
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  Speaker 2: shout the exact same message.
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  Speaker 3: Brute force amplification.
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  Speaker 1: Yeah.
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  Speaker 2: And that seems to be the approach taken here. Scientists
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  Speaker 2: took a diamond and utilized roughly 10,000 NV centers packed inside.
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  Speaker 2: But wait, I have to push back on this.
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  Speaker 3: Okay, go ahead.
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  Speaker 2: If you pack 10,000 highly sensitive quantum particles together in
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  Speaker 2: a tiny space, they don't just sit there politely. They
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  Speaker 2: interfere with each other.
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  Speaker 3: They absolutely do.
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  Speaker 2: Like if I put 10,000 sensitive magnets in a box,
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  Speaker 2: they snap together, they repel, they create total chaos. Doesn't
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  Speaker 2: their interaction usually just ruin the delicate quantum state you're
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  Speaker 2: trying to measure?
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  Speaker 3: Well, that is the exact intuition most physicists operate under.
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  Speaker 3: Usually in quantum mechanics, interaction is the enemy of precision. Right.
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  Speaker 3: When quantum systems interact with their environment or with each
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  Speaker 3: other unprompted, they undergo what we call decoherence. They lose
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  Speaker 3: their delicate quantum state.
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  Speaker 2: You create a chaotic mess of noise, exactly like I
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  Speaker 2: just described.
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  Speaker 3: Exactly. The standard approach for decades has been to try
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  Speaker 3: to isolate quantum bits as much as physically possible to
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  Speaker 3: prevent them from, you know, talking to each other.
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  Speaker 2: But the approach taken here uses a concept called many-body dynamics, right?
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  Speaker 3: Yes, exactly. Instead of fighting a losing battle, trying to
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  Speaker 3: isolate all 10,000 sensors and force them to ignore one another,
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  Speaker 3: the researchers leaned into the chaos. They turned the interactions
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  Speaker 3: between the particles into the actual tool.
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  Speaker 2: So if interaction is normally the enemy and they didn't
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  Speaker 2: try to isolate them, they must have found a way
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  Speaker 2: to force them to interact productively. But how do you
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  Speaker 2: choreograph that? How do you turn a chaotic mess of 10,000
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  Speaker 2: interacting quantum spins into a synchronized, precise tool?
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  Speaker 3: By using carefully designed sequences of magnetic field pulses. They
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  Speaker 3: didn't just let the NV centers interact randomly and hope
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  Speaker 3: for the best.
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  Speaker 2: Okay, so it wasn't just throwing them in a box.
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  Speaker 3: No, they applied highly specific, precisely timed magnetic pulses to
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  Speaker 3: the diamond. These pulses act like instructions, manipulating all 10,000
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  Speaker 3: of these quantum spins simultaneously.
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  Speaker 2: Oh, wow. Almost like a conductor leading an orchestra, telling
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  Speaker 2: everyone exactly when to play and when to pause.
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  Speaker 3: Yes, but mechanically, it's actually very similar to how active
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  Speaker 3: noise-canceling headphones work.
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  Speaker 2: Oh, interesting. How so?
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  Speaker 3: Well, when you put on noise-canceling headphones, they don't just
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  Speaker 3: block sound with thick foam. They actively listen to the
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  Speaker 3: ambient noise around you, say, the hum of an airplane engine,
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  Speaker 3: and they generate an inverse sound wave.
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  Speaker 2: Right, and those two waves collide and cancel each other out,
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  Speaker 2: leaving you with silence. Exactly.
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  Speaker 3: In this diamond sensor, the magnetic pulses act in a
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  Speaker 3: similar way on the quantum level. the pulses are timed
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  Speaker 3: to flip the quantum spins of the NV centers at
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  Speaker 3: the exact right moment.
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  Speaker 2: Ah, so this flipping effectively unwinds the internal chaotic noise
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  Speaker 2: caused by the particles interacting with each other.
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  Speaker 3: Yes, while simultaneously allowing the external magnetic signal they're trying
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  Speaker 3: to measure to continually dot up and amplify.
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  Speaker 2: That is incredibly clever. You're actively flipping their states so
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  Speaker 2: the internal noise cancels itself out, but the external signal
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  Speaker 2: they are sensing aggregates together.
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  Speaker 3: That's the brilliance of it.
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  Speaker 2: So rather than 10,000 people shouting randomly in a stadium
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  Speaker 2: and creating static, those magnetic pulses act like a conductor,
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  Speaker 2: turning them into a highly trained choir.
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  Speaker 3: A quantum choir. Yeah.
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  Speaker 2: The interaction, which normally causes the noise, is actively bypassed,
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  Speaker 2: and their collective behavior is harnessed to boost the one
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  Speaker 2: signal you actually care about. Precisely. Okay, so we've solved
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  Speaker 2: the internal noise problem by choreographing this quantum choir. But normally,
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  Speaker 2: extra noise, something as simple as a slight breeze or
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  Speaker 2: ambient room heat, is more than enough to make a
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  Speaker 2: quantum state completely shatter.
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  Speaker 3: Oh, totally.
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  Speaker 2: So I have to assume they're keeping this diamond extremely
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  Speaker 2: cold to maintain that synchronized state.
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  Speaker 3: Right. Well, here's where it gets really interesting. This incredibly intricate,
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  Speaker 3: highly orchestrated quantum choir operates at room temperature.
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  Speaker 2: Wait, what? At room temperature? That completely defies everything we
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  Speaker 2: normally hear about quantum physics.
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  Speaker 3: It really does. And the significance of that cannot be overstated.
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  Speaker 3: When we usually talk about advanced quantum technology, like quantum
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  Speaker 3: computers processing complex algorithms.
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  Speaker 2: We're talking about machines that require some of the most extreme,
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  Speaker 2: highly controlled environments in the universe.
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  Speaker 3: Exactly. They have to be isolated inside massive, multi-million dollar
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  Speaker 3: dilution refrigerators. They have to be cooled down using liquid
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  Speaker 3: helium to near absolute zero.
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  Speaker 2: Which is temperatures colder than the ambient vacuum of deep space.
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  Speaker 3: Right. Simply because heat is just atomic vibration. If atoms
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  Speaker 3: are warm, they are vibrating.
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  Speaker 2: And in most quantum systems, the moment you introduce that
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  Speaker 2: thermal vibration, the delicate quantum state shatters. The coherence is lost.
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  Speaker 2: But the.
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  Speaker 3: structure of the diamond lattice is incredibly rigid, and those
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  Speaker 3: NV centers are deeply embedded within it. That rigidity protects
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  Speaker 3: the quantum state of the defects from the ambient thermal vibrations.
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  Speaker 2: Of the room. That is wild.
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  Speaker 3: A room temperature quantum sensor means you don't need a
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  Speaker 3: massive refrigeration facility. It can sit on a regular lab bench.
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  Speaker 3: It can be integrated into a handheld device. It completely
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  Speaker 3: changes the accessibility and the form factor of the technology.
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  Speaker 2: It's essentially the difference between the 1960s, where a computer
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  Speaker 2: was a fragile, super cool behemoth that took up an
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  Speaker 2: entire basement at MIT. Versus having a robust smartphone that
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  Speaker 2: you can just carry in your pocket.
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  Speaker 3: That's a perfect analogy.
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  Speaker 2: It completely democratizes who can use the technology and where
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  Speaker 2: it can physically go.
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  Speaker 3: And they didn't just test this in some theoretical mathematically
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  Speaker 3: perfect vacuum either. They designed this to include the harsh
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  Speaker 3: realities of practical everyday application.
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  Speaker 2: Because in the real world, you are going to have
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  Speaker 2: control errors.
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  Speaker 3: Yeah.
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  Speaker 2: Your magnetic pulses aren't going to be perfectly timed down
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  Speaker 2: to the femtosecond every single time.
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  Speaker 1: Exactly.
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  Speaker 3: Exactly. You are going to have ambient environmental noise from
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  Speaker 3: nearby electronics, or just the Earth's magnetic field. Operating a
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  Speaker 3: complicated quantum system inherently introduces technical friction.
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  Speaker 2: But even with all of those real-world room temperature imperfections
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  Speaker 2: factored in, this collective sensor performed remarkably, didn't it?
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  Speaker 3: It did. We have the hard numbers. The many-bodied diamond
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  Speaker 3: sensor showed a practical improvement of up to 7.9 decibels
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  Speaker 3: for detecting magnetic signals. and an 8.8 decibel improvement for
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  Speaker 3: detecting magnetic noise compared to standard sensing methods.
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  Speaker 2: Okay, let's cause and translate those decibels, because I think
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  Speaker 2: a lot of people hear an 8 decibel improvement and
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  Speaker 2: they think of it like, oh, an 8% increase.
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  Speaker 3: Right, they think it's a minor bump.
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  Speaker 2: But decibels operate on a logarithmic scale, right?
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  Speaker 3: That's right. The decibel scale isn't linear. Every time you
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  Speaker 3: go up by 10 decibels, you aren't just adding a
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  Speaker 3: little bit of power, you are increasing the signal power
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  Speaker 3: by a factor of 10.
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  Speaker 2: So an 8.8 decibel improvement isn't a tiny incremental bump
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  Speaker 2: in clarity. We are talking about a signal that is
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  Speaker 2: nearly an order of magnitude stronger.
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  Speaker 3: It's almost 10 times more powerful.
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  Speaker 2: That is a massive leap in clarity. If you have
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  Speaker 2: a signal that was completely buried in the background, static,
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  Speaker 2: just total fuzz, an 8.8 decibel improvement means that signal
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  Speaker 2: is suddenly punching through loud and clear.
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  Speaker 3: It is the difference between a blurry, unrecognizable smudge and
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  Speaker 3: a crisp, high-definition image. Wow.
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  Speaker 2: So if we have this robust, nearly 10 times stronger
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  Speaker 2: room temperature quantum sensor utilizing 10,000 synchronized flaws in a diamond,
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  Speaker 2: I'm assuming the primary goal here is to use this
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  Speaker 2: in the tech industry, right? Like, scanning next-generation microchips, or
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  Speaker 2: inspecting silicon wavers for defects.
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  Speaker 3: Well, that is certainly a very lucrative avenue for this technology,
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  Speaker 3: but the applications that have researchers truly excited are actually
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  Speaker 3: found in biology and advanced material science.
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  Speaker 2: Really? Biology?
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  Speaker 3: Yeah. If we connect this to the bigger picture to
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  Speaker 3: understand why, we have to look at the scale this
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  Speaker 3: sensor operates on. This technique can probe magnetic signals at
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  Speaker 3: spatial scales as small as 50 nanometers.
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  Speaker 2: 50 nanometers. Okay, for context, if you're holding a standard
• 13:10
  Speaker 2: sheet of paper... The thickness of that paper is about 100,000 nanometers.
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  Speaker 3: Right.
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  Speaker 2: So we are talking about peering into a scale that
• 13:17
  Speaker 2: is incomprehensibly small.
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  Speaker 3: Right.
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  Speaker 2: But we should probably clarify what peering or seeing means
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  Speaker 2: in this context. We aren't talking about a tiny camera, right?
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  Speaker 1: No.
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  Speaker 3: It's very easy to imagine a microscopic camera taking a
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  Speaker 3: literal snapshot. But this is not a universal quantum microscope.
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  Speaker 3: You aren't getting a little photograph of an atom or
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  Speaker 3: a JPEG of a molecule. Right.
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  Speaker 2: So what are you seeing?
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  Speaker 3: What the sensor detects is magnetic information and its spatial correlations.
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  Speaker 3: It maps the invisible magnetic topography of whatever it's looking at.
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  Speaker 3: It tells us how magnetic fields and magnetic noise change
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  Speaker 3: across distances as small as 50 nanometers.
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  Speaker 2: It's more like echolocation for magnetism or looking at a
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  Speaker 2: highly precise heat map rather than looking at a photograph.
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  Speaker 3: Exactly. You are mapping the flow of invisible forces.
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  Speaker 2: So why biology? Why do we care about mapping invisible
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  Speaker 2: magnetic forces at 50 nanometers inside a biological organism?
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  Speaker 3: Because biological processes are fundamentally electrical. We often think of
• 14:12
  Speaker 3: biology in terms of chemistry, you know, fluids and compounds,
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  Speaker 3: but the mechanisms driving life are electrical currents.
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  Speaker 2: Like a nervous system.
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  Speaker 3: Yeah. Every time your heart beats, a massive electrical signal
• 14:24
  Speaker 3: propagates through the muscle tissue. Every single time a neuron
• 14:27
  Speaker 3: fires in your brain, ion channels open up and charged
• 14:30
  Speaker 3: particles like sodium and potassium rush across the cell membrane.
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  Speaker 2: And physics dictates that any moving electrical current no matter
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  Speaker 2: how small, produces a corresponding magnetic field.
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  Speaker 3: Exactly.
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  Speaker 2: So every thought, every heartbeat, every cellular action is generating
• 14:45
  Speaker 2: a tiny invisible magnetic pulse.
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  Speaker 3: And up until now, those biological magnetic signatures have been
• 14:51
  Speaker 3: so faint and happening on such a microscopic localized scale
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  Speaker 3: that they were incredibly difficult to study.
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  Speaker 2: I'd imagine.
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  Speaker 3: To really see what was happening, researchers often had to
• 15:00
  Speaker 3: resort to invasive methods. You'd have to inject fluorescent, sometimes
• 15:04
  Speaker 3: toxic dyes into the cell. or physically puncture it with
• 15:07
  Speaker 3: microscopic electrodes.
• 15:09
  Speaker 2: Or even freeze the tissue entirely to study it under
• 15:12
  Speaker 2: an electron microscope, which fundamentally alters or destroys the very
• 15:16
  Speaker 2: living process you're trying to observe.
• 15:18
  Speaker 3: Exactly. But with this diamond sensor, because it operates at
• 15:22
  Speaker 3: room temperature, you could theoretically place a living, functioning cell
• 15:27
  Speaker 3: right next to the diamond.
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  Speaker 2: Wow.
• 15:29
  Speaker 3: And because the sensor is so incredibly sensitive, You could
• 15:31
  Speaker 3: just watch the magnetic fields fluctuate in real time as
• 15:35
  Speaker 3: the cell naturally goes about its business.
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  Speaker 2: That is just wow. We could watch the incredibly faint
• 15:41
  Speaker 2: magnetic signatures of biology unfolding live. We could map cellular
• 15:46
  Speaker 2: electrical activity, watch neurons communicate, and observe complex molecular interactions
• 15:51
  Speaker 2: without ever invading the cell.
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  Speaker 3: It offers an entirely new, non-destructive window into the mechanics
• 15:56
  Speaker 3: of life at the absolute molecular level.
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  Speaker 2: That is mind-bending. You could literally watch the magnetic flash
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  Speaker 2: of a thought forming in a single neuron.
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  Speaker 3: Yes, you could.
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  Speaker 2: And I imagine the implications for material science follow a
• 16:09
  Speaker 2: very similar logic.
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  Speaker 3: Very similar, yeah. We rely heavily on advanced materials for
• 16:14
  Speaker 3: our entire modern infrastructure, high-capacity batteries, highly efficient solar panels,
• 16:19
  Speaker 3: next-generation superconductors.
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  Speaker 2: But we don't always understand exactly how these materials behave
• 16:25
  Speaker 2: at the extreme microscopic level, do we? Particularly when they
• 16:29
  Speaker 2: are subjected to stress or temperature changes.
• 16:31
  Speaker 3: No, we don't. But with a 50 nanometer magnetic sensor.
• 16:36
  Speaker 3: Scientists can literally hunt for tiny localized magnetic fluctuations inside
• 16:40
  Speaker 3: a new alloy or a semiconductor.
• 16:42
  Speaker 2: They can map out exactly how the microscopic structural arrangement
• 16:45
  Speaker 2: of a material dictates its magnetic properties.
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  Speaker 3: It is akin to giving structural engineers X-ray vision, but
• 16:51
  Speaker 3: for the invisible magnetic forces holding matter together.
• 16:55
  Speaker 2: So what does this all mean? This really raises an
• 16:57
  Speaker 2: important point about how the public and even parts of
• 17:00
  Speaker 2: the scientific community have historically viewed quantum physics.
• 17:03
  Speaker 3: I agree.
• 17:04
  Speaker 2: For decades, it feels like the entire narrative around quantum
• 17:07
  Speaker 2: technology has been completely consumed by the race to build
• 17:12
  Speaker 2: the quantum computer. We've treated quantum mechanics as simply a
• 17:15
  Speaker 2: new way to crunch numbers, to break encryption, or to
• 17:19
  Speaker 2: process data faster than a classical computer ever could.
• 17:22
  Speaker 3: And while quantum computing is undeniably important, this research fundamentally
• 17:27
  Speaker 3: broadens our horizon. Quantum physics is not just about computation.
• 17:31
  Speaker 3: It is fundamentally about measurement. It's about building incredibly precise
• 17:36
  Speaker 3: atomic clocks that can redefine how we track time. It's
• 17:40
  Speaker 3: about measuring minute shifts in gravity with unprecedented accuracy.
• 17:44
  Speaker 2: And now it is about deliberately utilizing the strange, chaotic,
• 17:48
  Speaker 2: collective behavior of interacting quantum particles to sense the physical
• 17:52
  Speaker 2: world in ways that were previously considered impossible.
• 17:55
  Speaker 3: It's really a total paradigm shift in how we view
• 17:58
  Speaker 3: the future of technology.
• 17:59
  Speaker 2: It means that the next massive breakthrough doesn't necessarily have
• 18:02
  Speaker 2: to look like a giant, super-cooled, multi-billion dollar laboratory that
• 18:06
  Speaker 2: belongs in a science fiction movie.
• 18:08
  Speaker 3: No, it might look incredibly simple. It might look like
• 18:11
  Speaker 3: an ordinary, tiny, flawed piece of diamond sitting on a
• 18:15
  Speaker 3: regular desk at room temperature.
• 18:17
  Speaker 2: But inside that diamond, a perfectly orchestrated choir of 10,000
• 18:22
  Speaker 2: microscopic imperfections is working together in total synchronization.
• 18:26
  Speaker 3: And in doing so, they are unlocking a completely hidden
• 18:30
  Speaker 3: magnetic universe that exists all around us, right beneath our noses.
• 18:34
  Speaker 2: It forces you to look at the living world differently, too.
• 18:37
  Speaker 2: We know that the human body is constantly buzzing with
• 18:40
  Speaker 2: electrical signals. We are, at our core, electrical beings.
• 18:44
  Speaker 3: We are.
• 18:44
  Speaker 2: If we now possess the technological capability to detect magnetic
• 18:48
  Speaker 2: signatures at the astonishingly small scale of 50 nanometers, and
• 18:52
  Speaker 2: we can do it all at room temperature without disrupting
• 18:54
  Speaker 2: the system, it invites a truly profound consideration.
• 18:58
  Speaker 3: What kind of invisible, intricate, magnetic conversations might we soon
• 19:01
  Speaker 3: discover happening right now, completely undetected, inside our very own
• 19:05
  Speaker 3: living cells?
• 19:06
  Speaker 2: It really makes you wonder, what else we've been missing?
• 19:10
  Speaker 2: Just because we didn't have the right flaws to help
• 19:12
  Speaker 2: us see it. Next time you picture diamonds. Don't just
• 19:16
  Speaker 2: think about the sparkle or the perfection. Think about the 10,000
• 19:19
  Speaker 2: invisible compasses inside, listening to the hidden secrets of the universe.