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Mansa Musa's Fragile Peace: The Treaty of Niani
In this episode, Lucas and Luna explore a little-known diplomatic triumph of Mansa Musa's reign: the Treaty of Niani of 1324, a pact that secured Mali's borders with the rising Songhai Empire to the east. Drawing on the Tarikh al-Sudan and al-Umari's Masalik al-Absar, they unpack the high-stakes negotiations led by Musa's farba, the diplomatic gifts of salt and copper, and the marriage alliance that bought Mali a generation of peace. Lucas explains how the treaty's terms—including shared control of the Niger River trade—reflected Musa's shrewd statecraft and his…
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