Latest / Stuff Mom Never Told You / SMNTY Classics: Uncorking Women and Wine
Transcript
- 0:05Speaker 1: Hey, this is Annie and Samantha.
- 0:06Speaker 2: I'm what kind of stuff I never told you production
- 0:08Speaker 2: of Iheartradium, and today I wanted to bring back a
- 0:21Speaker 2: classic that kristphin Caroline did about women who make wine.
- 0:27Speaker 2: I was thinking about this because I told this story before.
- 0:30Speaker 2: But my mom always, for pretty much any occasion, gets
- 0:36Speaker 2: me a bunch of local wines. Yeah, it's really sweet.
- 0:39Speaker 2: So I got a bunch of Christmas and I know
- 0:44Speaker 2: that some of the wine makers from those wineries are women,
- 0:47Speaker 2: and I was just thinking about it. I kind of
- 0:50Speaker 2: joked with Samantha before this that I feel a little
- 0:52Speaker 2: weird were running this one because I know it's like
- 0:53Speaker 2: dry January for a lot of people. And if you're
- 0:55Speaker 2: doing that, more power to you. I hope it's going
- 0:59Speaker 2: well for you. But this was just something on my
- 1:01Speaker 2: mind as I was looking at the lineup of wines
- 1:04Speaker 2: that my mom got me. She also Samantha, you know
- 1:08Speaker 2: I don't like snacks. She got me in my stocking
- 1:11Speaker 2: this year. She got me Brahmen packets and Shasheto peppers
- 1:17Speaker 2: like dry tchishiedo peppers, and I was like, this is amazing,
- 1:21Speaker 2: you have one.
- 1:22Speaker 1: He knows you. She knows you so well. That's beautiful.
- 1:25Speaker 2: Yes, so please enjoyed. It's classic episode.
- 1:30Speaker 3: Yeah, welcome to the stuff Mom never told you from
- 1:34Speaker 3: how Stuff Folks not com.
- 1:41Speaker 1: Hello, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Kristen and I'm Caroline.
- 1:45Speaker 3: And today we are talking about viticulture and analogy.
- 1:49Speaker 1: Ooo. Those are fancy words. Yeah, we're just talking about wine.
- 1:53Speaker 4: Yeah, Viticulture the cultivation or culture of grapes. Analogy a
- 1:57Speaker 4: science that deals with wine and wine making.
- 2:00Speaker 3: And wine itself is considered quote our original alcoholic beverage,
- 2:07Speaker 3: dating back eight thousand years, according to the book Inventing
- 2:12Speaker 3: Wine by Paul Lucas.
- 2:15Speaker 4: It's also the only thing that they drink in a
- 2:17Speaker 4: Game of Thrones. I think I don't think I've ever
- 2:20Speaker 4: seen anyone drink water. I think they just drink wine.
- 2:22Speaker 3: Probably because the water is full of poison, full of
- 2:25Speaker 3: dragon poison.
- 2:26Speaker 4: This well, anyway, wine, you know, it's more than just
- 2:31Speaker 4: the boxed wine that I may or may not buy
- 2:34Speaker 4: on a regular basis. Wine is actually linked inextricably, according
- 2:39Speaker 4: to Ann B. Mattissar, with religious worship, revelry, camaraderie, and
- 2:44Speaker 4: upper class entitlement. And she says that it's often been
- 2:47Speaker 4: a beverage reserved for men of privilege.
- 2:50Speaker 1: Yeah.
- 2:50Speaker 3: She writes in her book Women of Wine, The Rise
- 2:54Speaker 3: of Women in the Global Wine Industry, that women regardless
- 2:57Speaker 3: of social standing, were associated with wine excesses rather than
- 3:01Speaker 3: its benefits, and neebraated women were frequently linked to indiscriminate sexuality, promiscuity,
- 3:08Speaker 3: and adulteres. So, right from the get go in our
- 3:11Speaker 3: conversation about wine and women, it starts off on a.
- 3:17Speaker 4: Bit of a sexist foot. Yeah, Sally would not approve
- 3:21Speaker 4: of this. She would be like, oh, heavens, Sally, your mom, Sally,
- 3:25Speaker 4: My mom drinks quite her fair share of wine. We're
- 3:29Speaker 4: big wine drinkers in our family. I say we, but
- 3:32Speaker 4: I really mean my mom and her sisters.
- 3:34Speaker 1: So wine would not be a stuff your mom never
- 3:38Speaker 1: told you. Right, Well, not.
- 3:40Speaker 4: That we've talked about it, but I learned from the best.
- 3:43Speaker 1: Let's put it that way.
- 3:45Speaker 3: Well, Sally is among plenty of friends. In the United States.
- 3:50Speaker 3: Americans really love their wine. In fact, in twenty twelve,
- 3:56Speaker 3: three hundred and forty two million cases of wine were consumed,
- 4:01Speaker 3: which is a seven percent increase from five years ago.
- 4:04Speaker 3: So not only are we drinking a lot of wine.
- 4:06Speaker 3: We're drinking more wine than ever before in the United.
- 4:09Speaker 4: States, and by volume, we Americans consume more wine than
- 4:14Speaker 4: any other.
- 4:14Speaker 3: Nation actually, but not so surprisingly on a per capita basis.
- 4:20Speaker 3: The French, for instance, drink a lot more wine than
- 4:23Speaker 3: we do. They drink five bottles for everyone that we drink.
- 4:26Speaker 4: And also as a nation, we Americans are just as
- 4:29Speaker 4: likely to reach for wine as for beer, which is
- 4:31Speaker 4: actually a huge shift from twenty years ago.
- 4:33Speaker 1: We're drinking a lot more wine now.
- 4:35Speaker 3: Yeah, And some think that the spike in our wine
- 4:39Speaker 3: consumption is due to two things. First of all, the recession,
- 4:44Speaker 3: because let's face it, tubuc chuck from Trader Joe's.
- 4:49Speaker 1: Can get you a pre drunk on a dime.
- 4:52Speaker 3: And they also attribute it to changing preferences of millennials,
- 4:59Speaker 3: because because a twenty twelve Gallup poll found a thirty
- 5:02Speaker 3: point drop in beer preference among people under thirty, so
- 5:08Speaker 3: young'uns like you and I, Caroline are really enjoying wine
- 5:14Speaker 3: more interesting, I wonder, I wonder what's behind the drop
- 5:18Speaker 3: in beer, not just the rise in wine.
- 5:19Speaker 1: But the drop in beer also. I mean, they also.
- 5:22Speaker 4: Attribute this rise in wine lovin to drinkers over fifty
- 5:28Speaker 4: and women in particular.
- 5:30Speaker 1: Yeah, women love wine.
- 5:32Speaker 3: One of the reasons why we wanted to do this
- 5:34Speaker 3: episode on wine is because I feel like, at least
- 5:38Speaker 3: if you were to choose a type of alcoholic beverage
- 5:43Speaker 3: that women are going to go for, if they walk
- 5:44Speaker 3: up to an open bar, it's gonna be a glass
- 5:46Speaker 3: of wine, probably a glass of white wine, or maybe
- 5:49Speaker 3: a vodkatonic. But that's another episode. But women by eight
- 5:53Speaker 3: out of ten bottles of wine consumed at home, according
- 5:57Speaker 3: to the magazine Wine Business.
- 6:00Speaker 4: Yeah, and according to a gallop pole that you talked about,
- 6:04Speaker 4: fifty two percent of women prefer wine over beer. And
- 6:07Speaker 4: that's up from forty three percent twenty years ago.
- 6:11Speaker 1: Now, looking at men.
- 6:12Speaker 4: Only twenty percent of men choose wine as their favorite
- 6:16Speaker 4: boozy beverage, but even that is up five percent from
- 6:19Speaker 4: twenty years ago.
- 6:20Speaker 1: Yeah.
- 6:21Speaker 3: And to me, the fact that women comprise an overwhelming
- 6:24Speaker 3: majority of the wine buyers for the wine that we
- 6:27Speaker 3: have in our households and also wine drinkers. It stands
- 6:31Speaker 3: in contrast to that quote from Women and Wine about
- 6:35Speaker 3: the history long ago where women were associated only with
- 6:40Speaker 3: wine's excesses and as we'll see in the making of wine.
- 6:44Speaker 3: In the viticulture, women have often been relegated to the side,
- 6:50Speaker 3: only allowed to do certain smaller tasks, whereas the making
- 6:54Speaker 3: of wine has been more of a thing for men.
- 6:58Speaker 3: And yet today we are drinking more of it. But
- 7:02Speaker 3: maybe because of that colored history that we have with wine,
- 7:07Speaker 3: women are still considered a niche market.
- 7:11Speaker 1: Yeah, a lot of ways we are.
- 7:13Speaker 4: And that's interesting when I was reading all this stuff
- 7:16Speaker 4: about how we are this niche market. I mean, I
- 7:18Speaker 4: think it's obvious when you google anything about women and wine,
- 7:22Speaker 4: A lot of what you get is this really sappy advertising,
- 7:26Speaker 4: this slag women and wine and shoes and women and
- 7:29Speaker 4: wine and baking and women and wine and tools. I
- 7:34Speaker 4: don't know, but you know, like I said, me, growing up,
- 7:37Speaker 4: I was surrounded by female wine drinkers.
- 7:39Speaker 1: My dad didn't drink wine.
- 7:41Speaker 4: So I've always thought of like wine as a more
- 7:44Speaker 4: feminine beverage.
- 7:46Speaker 3: And yet the industry is just now catching up to that.
- 7:50Speaker 3: For instance, in two thousand and six, we have the
- 7:52Speaker 3: launch of Wine Adventure, which proclaims itself the first wine
- 7:57Speaker 3: magazine for women. Side note why there needs to be
- 8:03Speaker 3: a wine magazine for women?
- 8:05Speaker 4: I don't really understand, right, And that's kind of what
- 8:09Speaker 4: Slate writer Mike Steinberger was talking about in a two
- 8:11Speaker 4: thousand and five piece where he really seemed confused to
- 8:14Speaker 4: hear the news that wine wasn't already a happily co
- 8:18Speaker 4: ed party. And he said that to suggest that women
- 8:21Speaker 4: have a distinct set of grievances about how wine is
- 8:23Speaker 4: critiqued ignores the fact that quite a few men are
- 8:26Speaker 4: equally disaffected and often leads to that kind of patronizing,
- 8:30Speaker 4: saccharine journalism that most women and men rightly abore. And
- 8:35Speaker 4: he said that the wine market has a consumer gap,
- 8:39Speaker 4: not a gender gap. He said, it's not so much
- 8:41Speaker 4: that we need to like capture this niche market of
- 8:44Speaker 4: women or you know, older women, younger women. Whoever, it's
- 8:47Speaker 4: more that different consumers are looking for different things. Because
- 8:51Speaker 4: there's the whole thing about like men wanting to buy
- 8:53Speaker 4: wine according to their fancy pants ratings, whereas women are
- 8:57Speaker 4: maybe more inclined to buy wine that they want want
- 9:00Speaker 4: to share with their friends.
- 9:01Speaker 1: Yeah.
- 9:02Speaker 3: I mean, experts and marketers have paid a lot of
- 9:05Speaker 3: attention to how men and women shop for wine, and
- 9:10Speaker 3: so typically they say that the way that women select
- 9:15Speaker 3: wine has a lot more to do with a food
- 9:17Speaker 3: that's gonna go with it, the setting and what the
- 9:20Speaker 3: bottle looks like, rather than wine credentials like vintage charts
- 9:26Speaker 3: and the acquisition process and ratings that they say that.
- 9:30Speaker 1: Men are more drawn to.
- 9:33Speaker 4: Yeah, I will fully admit here in front of you
- 9:35Speaker 4: and everybody else that I love a good type face.
- 9:39Speaker 1: On a bottle of wine.
- 9:41Speaker 4: I mean I tend to go for like Charras or
- 9:44Speaker 4: Sarrah like. But I think I've said this on the
- 9:46Speaker 4: podcast before. I can only drink red wine, Like if
- 9:49Speaker 4: I'm out, I can only have a glass. If I'm
- 9:50Speaker 4: at home, I have to be already in my pajama
- 9:52Speaker 4: sitting down because it will put me to sleep. But like,
- 9:55Speaker 4: there's this bottle of wine that has a like a
- 9:57Speaker 4: Luca door mask, a Lucha Libre mask on the cover.
- 9:59Speaker 4: Are the like it's an album on the front label,
- 10:02Speaker 4: and I just I love that. It's like getting a
- 10:04Speaker 4: happy meal toy as an adult.
- 10:06Speaker 3: Well, while your attraction to certain types of labels definitely
- 10:10Speaker 3: messhes with the research, Caroline, you are not of a
- 10:14Speaker 3: stereotype that women prefer light wines.
- 10:19Speaker 1: Women Supposedly a woman's wine.
- 10:22Speaker 3: Is a pino grigio, whereas a man's wine is a.
- 10:26Speaker 1: Broad shouldered cabinet.
- 10:28Speaker 4: Oh, Sally would Sally would agree with these stereotypes. She
- 10:32Speaker 4: drinks a nice pino griege every night with ice cubes,
- 10:37Speaker 4: with ice cubes, Oh for sure.
- 10:39Speaker 1: Nice.
- 10:40Speaker 3: Well that meshes very well. Caroline with this description in
- 10:45Speaker 3: wine business. As to what women want in wine wine
- 10:49Speaker 3: business says, the short answer is something balanced and drinkable, enjoyable,
- 10:55Speaker 3: and easy to deal with. Screw the unnecessary complexity.
- 11:00Speaker 4: Well, I found that piece to be kind of obnoxious.
- 11:04Speaker 1: Well sure, because it sounds like, well, I'll just drink anything.
- 11:08Speaker 4: Well, then it also framed wine drinking in terms of
- 11:12Speaker 4: like peacekeeping and conflicts and things like that, which was
- 11:15Speaker 4: very strange and I thought, very pandering, And.
- 11:18Speaker 3: Well, maybe that's an example of the saccharine journalism that
- 11:22Speaker 3: that Slate writer was calling out, saying, why all these
- 11:25Speaker 3: metaphors with wine writing were not just talk about some grapes.
- 11:30Speaker 4: I know, I mean, yeah, there really is this movement
- 11:33Speaker 4: toward treating women wine drinkers. As you know, we're all
- 11:38Speaker 4: like part of this weird airhead brigade that doesn't care
- 11:41Speaker 4: about the wine itself, you know, or well, I mean,
- 11:44Speaker 4: I'm saying this is someone who buys wine according to labels,
- 11:46Speaker 4: but whatever, whatever, they're treating us all like, you know,
- 11:49Speaker 4: we only care about the name of the wine itself,
- 11:52Speaker 4: or like it's appealing to some like girly sex in
- 11:55Speaker 4: the city culture.
- 11:56Speaker 1: Right, It's okay.
- 11:57Speaker 3: So what has happened here is that marketers have taken
- 12:02Speaker 3: the finding, the overwhelming finding, that women want, say, something
- 12:08Speaker 3: balanced and drinkable. They want ripe, fruit forward wines without
- 12:13Speaker 3: a lot of tannin and oak as.
- 12:15Speaker 1: Okay, well, you know the way we're going to sell this.
- 12:18Speaker 3: Is we're going to almost inflate that to a chick
- 12:22Speaker 3: lit proportion because I feel like you walk through the
- 12:27Speaker 3: wine section at the grocery store and you could take
- 12:32Speaker 3: labels from these wines that are overtly marketed toward women
- 12:36Speaker 3: and slap them on a beach read yeah, and you
- 12:40Speaker 3: wouldn't know the difference because it's lots of pink, lots
- 12:44Speaker 3: of stilettos, ponytail silhouettes with names like Mommy Juice Made Housewife.
- 12:52Speaker 3: And then to me, the worst, which is this line
- 12:56Speaker 3: called B B E from Treasury War Line of States
- 13:00Speaker 3: it's targeting women twenty one to thirty four, so our demographic, Caroline,
- 13:05Speaker 3: this wine is for us, and their flavors are flirty,
- 13:09Speaker 3: just a pink muscato, bright a pinagregio, fresh an unoak
- 13:13Speaker 3: to chardonnay, and radiant a reasling, and then all of
- 13:17Speaker 3: the language describing it is like a page ripped out
- 13:22Speaker 3: of Sex and the City.
- 13:25Speaker 4: It's so funny because I've had Bright, but I wasn't
- 13:28Speaker 4: aware of any of this that we're just talking about, Like,
- 13:30Speaker 4: I wasn't aware that it was marketed to women, or
- 13:34Speaker 4: that it was supposed to be cutesy or anything like that.
- 13:36Speaker 4: I just thought, oh, well, it's just called this. I
- 13:39Speaker 4: don't think I realized.
- 13:41Speaker 1: How was it?
- 13:42Speaker 4: Do you remember? It was whinish. It was very whiny,
- 13:46Speaker 4: tasted like wine.
- 13:48Speaker 3: Well, the fact that it was whiny and just tasted
- 13:50Speaker 3: like wine, you know, it didn't really have any.
- 13:52Speaker 1: Distinctive flavor profiles.
- 13:55Speaker 3: It's what a lot of people would argue that it's
- 13:58Speaker 3: actually doing a disservice to women who like wine, because
- 14:01Speaker 3: a lot of these wines marketed to women are just plunk.
- 14:05Speaker 1: It's not very good. It's hyper sweet and not high quality.
- 14:11Speaker 4: Yeah, not just plank. Bloomberg writer Ellen McCoy says that
- 14:25Speaker 4: it's neutered commercial plank. So they're really trying to sell
- 14:29Speaker 4: you on those stiletto pictures more than they're trying to
- 14:31Speaker 4: sell you on.
- 14:32Speaker 1: What's in the bottle.
- 14:33Speaker 4: Which you know, I've purchased wine before, like if I'm
- 14:37Speaker 4: going to someone's house and I just you know, I'm
- 14:40Speaker 4: not buying it because it's so fancy and I want
- 14:42Speaker 4: to give them an incredible wine to remember me by.
- 14:45Speaker 4: But like, you know, I went to go stay with
- 14:47Speaker 4: my aunt and Savannah one time, and she's the middle sister,
- 14:50Speaker 4: and so I bought her a bottle of middle Sister wine. Ah,
- 14:53Speaker 4: So like you know, it's like, well, it might not
- 14:55Speaker 4: be any good, or maybe it is.
- 14:57Speaker 3: But it's just but it showed that you were thinking
- 14:59Speaker 3: about her. It was more of a gift in that way.
- 15:04Speaker 3: Another facet of the more recent approach to wine marketing
- 15:08Speaker 3: toward women is how it's not just been a focus
- 15:11Speaker 3: on labels and the titling of things like middle sister,
- 15:16Speaker 3: et cetera, but also in how they're starting to pedal
- 15:20Speaker 3: wine specifically to working moms, as here's your mental health
- 15:26Speaker 3: break I just.
- 15:28Speaker 1: Need a glass of one.
- 15:29Speaker 3: And I say it in that voice jokingly, but I
- 15:33Speaker 3: do understand the relaxation of having a glass of wine
- 15:39Speaker 3: after your work. I understand where that marketing is coming from,
- 15:43Speaker 3: but I don't know that it's saying, here, women, drink
- 15:48Speaker 3: all of this wine. It's gonna make all of the
- 15:50Speaker 3: gender wage gap and the frustration with the you know,
- 15:53Speaker 3: the imbalance of housework and childcare just magically go away
- 15:57Speaker 3: for the next forty five minutes.
- 15:59Speaker 4: Oh god, yeah, no, I have totally come home and
- 16:03Speaker 4: popped open my box of wine and poured myself a triple,
- 16:07Speaker 4: quadruple glass.
- 16:08Speaker 1: But I mean, this is not a joke. This is serious.
- 16:12Speaker 4: There are UK health experts who recently noted that a
- 16:15Speaker 4: rise there was a rise in alcohol related deaths among
- 16:19Speaker 4: women in their thirties and forties, and it's linked to
- 16:21Speaker 4: this increase in wine consumption.
- 16:23Speaker 1: Yeah.
- 16:24Speaker 3: So, in a way, that kind of marketing, persistent marketing,
- 16:29Speaker 3: could be doing us a health disservice in the long run,
- 16:32Speaker 3: saying you know what, it's wine, it's got those ioxidants.
- 16:35Speaker 3: It's going to give you a mental health break. Just
- 16:37Speaker 3: do it, Just drink it. It doesn't matter the quality.
- 16:40Speaker 3: Just drink all of this really sugary stuff and you'll
- 16:44Speaker 3: be fine. Although moderate consumption at a glass and a
- 16:49Speaker 3: half of wine per day has been linked to positive
- 16:52Speaker 3: health effects and women for things like preventing bone loss,
- 16:55Speaker 3: as we read over at MPR, but again it's all
- 16:59Speaker 3: about modern.
- 17:01Speaker 1: Yeah. I mean I actually stopped. There was a period.
- 17:06Speaker 4: There was a period where I was going home and
- 17:07Speaker 4: like having a glass of red wine every night. Not
- 17:09Speaker 4: that that's like excessive or bad or terrible or anything
- 17:11Speaker 4: by any means.
- 17:12Speaker 1: But it got to a point where I was like,
- 17:13Speaker 1: why am I doing this.
- 17:15Speaker 4: I'm doing this because I've had like a string of
- 17:17Speaker 4: really stressful days at work or whatever. I just got
- 17:20Speaker 4: out of traffic or whatever, you know, and it's like, well,
- 17:23Speaker 4: maybe I should just try other relaxation methods like a bath,
- 17:27Speaker 4: like some yoga, or just lying on a couch even
- 17:30Speaker 4: for a minute when you get home.
- 17:32Speaker 1: Yeah.
- 17:32Speaker 3: I just I wonder if the messages are being mixed
- 17:37Speaker 3: in terms of with alcoholism and wine. It seems like
- 17:43Speaker 3: it's easier for women to and I say this in
- 17:45Speaker 3: giant air quotes, get away with it, because oh we're
- 17:49Speaker 3: just having We're just having a glass of wine or
- 17:51Speaker 3: two glasses of wine or three glasses of wine, and
- 17:53Speaker 3: oh there's the bottle.
- 17:55Speaker 1: Yes.
- 17:56Speaker 5: And it's part of this like cultural idea of what
- 18:01Speaker 5: is acceptable and sophisticated and normal and feminine and female
- 18:06Speaker 5: when it comes to like drinking and relaxing, because if
- 18:10Speaker 5: somebody goes home every night and downs half a bottle
- 18:12Speaker 5: of vodka, you're like, oh, well you have a problem.
- 18:16Speaker 3: And if someone goes home and drinks a six pack.
- 18:18Speaker 1: Of beer, it would say, oh, that's so unlady like,
- 18:22Speaker 1: why would you be doing that? Yeah, and you're going
- 18:24Speaker 1: to get a beer.
- 18:24Speaker 3: Good exactly, But there's no we don't hear about wine bellies,
- 18:28Speaker 3: you know. So that is something it's something that I
- 18:33Speaker 3: have started to keep in mind more for myself because
- 18:36Speaker 3: I've experienced the same thing as you, Carolina, getting into
- 18:39Speaker 3: those patterns of how easy it is to go home
- 18:44Speaker 3: have the wine. And while again in moderation, it's not
- 18:48Speaker 3: a bad thing, I'm uncomfortable when I realize that it's
- 18:52Speaker 3: so much a part.
- 18:53Speaker 1: Of my routine. I'm almost reliant on it that I don't.
- 18:57Speaker 4: Like and often what you need and I mean, let's
- 19:00Speaker 4: not sound like a broken record here, but often what
- 19:02Speaker 4: you need is like a break when you're stressed out
- 19:04Speaker 4: like that, you need a break.
- 19:05Speaker 1: Well.
- 19:05Speaker 4: I mean, you know, if I get home from work
- 19:07Speaker 4: and after I've been sitting in traffic or whatever, it's
- 19:10Speaker 4: just well not just as easy, but it's much healthier
- 19:14Speaker 4: to head down to the gym downstairs at my apartment
- 19:16Speaker 4: complex and get on you know, the stationary bike for
- 19:20Speaker 4: thirty minutes. That's the same kind of break, but I've
- 19:23Speaker 4: exercised instead of you know, downing a bunch like half
- 19:27Speaker 4: a bottle of wine exactly, and just as one final
- 19:31Speaker 4: side note, rather than just springing always for the two
- 19:36Speaker 4: buck chuck. One thing I am trying to get better
- 19:39Speaker 4: at is learning more about wine and learning how to
- 19:45Speaker 4: enjoy wine, because when you have a glass of really,
- 19:48Speaker 4: really really great wine, you are going to drink it
- 19:51Speaker 4: more slowly and you're going to savor it, whereas you
- 19:55Speaker 4: might if you're poured a glass of flirty, pink moscato.
- 20:00Speaker 1: You're probably just gonna gulp it down because it might
- 20:04Speaker 1: not be so good.
- 20:06Speaker 3: But speaking of taste, getting back to this conversation on men,
- 20:09Speaker 3: women and wine, we've established the stereotype of women preferring
- 20:14Speaker 3: the lighter sweeter wines and men wanting something bolder and redder.
- 20:19Speaker 3: Do men and women taste wine differently? Are women just
- 20:24Speaker 3: drawn to wine because there's something in our palate working
- 20:29Speaker 3: differently than men's.
- 20:30Speaker 1: It seems to be.
- 20:31Speaker 4: So. It seems to be that men and women do
- 20:34Speaker 4: taste differently. And I mean, one thing to look at
- 20:38Speaker 4: is that wines themselves are often described as masculine or
- 20:43Speaker 4: feminine in their weight and flavor.
- 20:46Speaker 3: Yeah, and for people who are deeply immersed in wine culture,
- 20:51Speaker 3: there is this idea that women do have a finer palette.
- 20:55Speaker 3: For instance, Matt Kramer of Wine Spectator told at age
- 21:00Speaker 3: that women have more taste buds than men, which makes
- 21:03Speaker 3: them inherently better tasters. And then in another article in
- 21:08Speaker 3: Wine Business, it says as women wine judges, we might
- 21:12Speaker 3: be unfairly harsh.
- 21:14Speaker 1: We're quick to.
- 21:14Speaker 3: Dismiss any wine that comes out with sharp elbows, too
- 21:17Speaker 3: much tan and too much acid, or too much wood
- 21:19Speaker 3: and increasingly too much alcohol. So that seems to be
- 21:23Speaker 3: an example of how perhaps our tongues are a little
- 21:27Speaker 3: bit more sensitive to certain flavor profiles.
- 21:31Speaker 4: Right, and sensory psychologist Marcia Pelchat at the Mono Chemical
- 21:35Speaker 4: Census Center in Philadelphia backs up some of these taste differences.
- 21:39Speaker 4: She says that women have more acute senses of smell,
- 21:42Speaker 4: We flat out prefer less carbonation.
- 21:44Speaker 1: And wine, and we tend to be more.
- 21:47Speaker 4: Sensitive to bitter flavors, and just like butterflies and hummingbirds,
- 21:51Speaker 4: prefer slightly sweeter ones.
- 21:54Speaker 3: But when Letty Tigue, who is a wine calmnist for
- 21:57Speaker 3: the Wall Street Journal, when she sought out an answer
- 22:02Speaker 3: to a scientific answer as to whether men and women
- 22:06Speaker 3: taste wine differently, and she spoke with a number of smalliers,
- 22:10Speaker 3: some of whom were husband and wife couples, to kind
- 22:13Speaker 3: of get that his and hers comparison. Her conclusion was
- 22:17Speaker 3: that when it comes to wine tasting, the palette seems
- 22:21Speaker 3: to be more a product of exposure and training rather.
- 22:24Speaker 1: Than biological sex.
- 22:26Speaker 3: So while there might be some sensory differences in the
- 22:30Speaker 3: male versus a female tongue with the preference for sweeter wines,
- 22:35Speaker 3: for instance, I can understand how that exposure can change
- 22:39Speaker 3: your preference because I remember in my younger years, in
- 22:45Speaker 3: college days, of course, I wasn't being exposed to many
- 22:48Speaker 3: fine wines, and from the get go I would want
- 22:52Speaker 3: something more of like a sweeter reasling or a lot
- 22:55Speaker 3: of white wines. I hated Merleau. But now as I've
- 22:59Speaker 3: gotten and I've had more wine, I drink almost exclusively red.
- 23:05Speaker 1: And I wanted to be a richer in case I
- 23:08Speaker 1: don't really like sweet all that much.
- 23:10Speaker 4: Anymore, right, Yeah, And I mean I think the same
- 23:13Speaker 4: could go for any type of thing you are training
- 23:15Speaker 4: yourself to and bibe. I mean, you know, it's the
- 23:18Speaker 4: same for beer. I never liked beer when I was younger,
- 23:22Speaker 4: and then when I went to college, not to like
- 23:24Speaker 4: completely give away to my parents when I started drinking,
- 23:28Speaker 4: but when I went away to college, you know, I'm
- 23:29Speaker 4: just drinking the free junk that's in the keg, and
- 23:32Speaker 4: you know, I hated it, and I would try to
- 23:34Speaker 4: drink like you know, Vodkatonics and.
- 23:37Speaker 1: Stuff like that. Well, like, as I got older, I
- 23:39Speaker 1: really really.
- 23:40Speaker 4: Started to like better beer. And now I spend way
- 23:44Speaker 4: too much money on beer. And it's funny because I
- 23:47Speaker 4: dated this this well, this jerk who we were talking
- 23:50Speaker 4: about beers one time and he actually asked me, so,
- 23:55Speaker 4: what guy in your life introduced you to good beer?
- 23:58Speaker 4: So after he picked himself up off the ground, I
- 24:01Speaker 4: informed him that I just developed a palette for better
- 24:05Speaker 4: beer as I got older.
- 24:07Speaker 1: Yeah, and it does make such a difference.
- 24:09Speaker 3: And I also don't want to seem like I'm trying
- 24:11Speaker 3: to gang up on white wines. I've had experiences too
- 24:15Speaker 3: of drinking a better pinogriggio and or a better chardonnay,
- 24:20Speaker 3: and it does make a difference in it, even though
- 24:22Speaker 3: that's not normally what I spring for tasting it, I
- 24:26Speaker 3: get it. It's delicious, Yeah, it's buttery, it's light, it's summer,
- 24:31Speaker 3: not all that, but it was still very refreshing. And
- 24:36Speaker 3: I mentioned that Letty T talked with Somalier's both male
- 24:40Speaker 3: and female. And the thing is is that women are
- 24:45Speaker 3: not only making strides in terms of consumption and the
- 24:50Speaker 3: wine industry catching up slowly but surely, and in kind
- 24:53Speaker 3: of roundabout ways to women liking and appreciating wine, maybe
- 24:57Speaker 3: in different ways than men do, but we are also
- 25:01Speaker 3: making strides in the actual production of wine. Although women
- 25:07Speaker 3: have been involved in viticulture for a long long.
- 25:12Speaker 4: Time, well, I mean women may have been involved in
- 25:16Speaker 4: viticulture for a long time, but it's not like we
- 25:18Speaker 4: were always permitted to do some of the heavy liftings.
- 25:23Speaker 4: So to speak, wine making itself has actually long been
- 25:27Speaker 4: gender segregated.
- 25:28Speaker 1: Women have been not.
- 25:29Speaker 4: Only considered bad luck for the wine, but we've been
- 25:32Speaker 4: considered too chatty and inefficient and weak.
- 25:35Speaker 1: Yeah, a lot of.
- 25:36Speaker 3: Times women would not be allowed to harvest, crush, or
- 25:40Speaker 3: stomp the grapes for fear that our delicate physique would
- 25:44Speaker 3: mess things up.
- 25:45Speaker 1: But we were allowed to pick and sort grapes.
- 25:49Speaker 3: But then when it came time to age the wine
- 25:53Speaker 3: in the cellar, ladies, you keep out because and I
- 25:58Speaker 3: tweeted this out when I this in the book Women
- 26:01Speaker 3: of Wine because I found it so hilarious. Some wineries,
- 26:06Speaker 3: even to this day, still ban women from being around
- 26:10Speaker 3: fermenting wine because of the long held menstrual myth that
- 26:15Speaker 3: women on their periods can turn wine to vinegar.
- 26:22Speaker 4: That's interesting because I feel like I am around a.
- 26:27Speaker 1: Lot more wine on my period. I don't know about you.
- 26:33Speaker 1: I have a feeling a lot of women can relate.
- 26:35Speaker 3: But that's not to say though, that there weren't a
- 26:38Speaker 3: number of early pioneers. We found an article over at
- 26:41Speaker 3: the Wine Institute just highlighting some women in the US
- 26:44Speaker 3: and specifically in California who were making wine and running
- 26:51Speaker 3: vineyards in the nineteenth century, such as in eighteen eighty
- 26:55Speaker 3: six we have thirty one year old Josephine Tykeson who
- 26:59Speaker 3: found it California Winery, which was pretty unheard of in
- 27:03Speaker 3: the day.
- 27:03Speaker 4: Yeah, and she was actually the first woman to do so.
- 27:06Speaker 4: Not to mention the youngest who did not note inherit
- 27:10Speaker 4: it from a family member like a husband or a father.
- 27:14Speaker 3: Yeah, if you go over to Italy or France, for
- 27:18Speaker 3: those really old wine making cultures, the women who would
- 27:23Speaker 3: be involved in the family business, even if they were
- 27:27Speaker 3: next in line to inherit it. A lot of times
- 27:30Speaker 3: because of those outdated ideas about women really not being
- 27:34Speaker 3: up to snuff for making wine would often be pushed
- 27:38Speaker 3: to the side and running the vineyard. But gradually, over
- 27:43Speaker 3: time clearly that has changed. And even in the eighteen
- 27:47Speaker 3: nineties I thought this was pretty interesting, around ten percent
- 27:51Speaker 3: of California wine makers were women.
- 27:54Speaker 1: So we headed west and started making wine. And in the.
- 27:59Speaker 3: Past fifty years there has been a lot of progress,
- 28:03Speaker 3: especially starting in the nineteen sixties, women really began emerging
- 28:07Speaker 3: as prominent winemakers, owning wineries and assuming management positions outside
- 28:13Speaker 3: of those family ties. Yeah.
- 28:15Speaker 4: In nineteen seventy three, we have Marianne Graff who becomes
- 28:18Speaker 4: the first American woman to graduate in enology from a university.
- 28:22Speaker 4: And moving forward up to the nineteen nineties, we see
- 28:25Speaker 4: the growth of women in the ultra premium luxury wine industry.
- 28:30Speaker 1: That sounds fancy.
- 28:31Speaker 3: I'm imagining them in totalnecks and blazers with.
- 28:35Speaker 1: The crests on them.
- 28:37Speaker 4: And don't forget like the elbow pad things. Oh yes,
- 28:40Speaker 4: some elbowpads. But in all seriousness.
- 28:42Speaker 3: In nineteen ninety eight, Diane Nurray became the first woman
- 28:46Speaker 3: chairman of the Wine Institute since it began in nineteen
- 28:49Speaker 3: thirty four. And the same year Napa Valley, Vintnor's and
- 28:53Speaker 3: Sonoma County Wineries Association also elected women board presidents for
- 28:58Speaker 3: the first time.
- 28:59Speaker 1: And then in the year You're two thousand.
- 29:01Speaker 3: Me, You're two thousand, the first woman was admitted to
- 29:06Speaker 3: the world's oldest Bordeaux brotherhood, which is called the Gerade
- 29:10Speaker 3: of Saint Emilion. And that was actually a really big
- 29:15Speaker 3: deal because this brotherhood had been around for centuries as
- 29:20Speaker 3: a man only thing. Going back to what the author
- 29:24Speaker 3: of Women and Wine was talking about in terms of
- 29:26Speaker 3: wine being that long standing beverage of men of privilege,
- 29:30Speaker 3: and they would have these drinking groups kind of like
- 29:34Speaker 3: if we think about cigar clubs, where you know, men
- 29:36Speaker 3: go and like have cigars, an expensive Scotch and such,
- 29:39Speaker 3: and it would be the wine versions of that. And finally,
- 29:43Speaker 3: in two thousand a woman was admitted, Yeah, it's a
- 29:47Speaker 3: shame that.
- 29:47Speaker 1: All that wine's going to turn to vinegar. Well, and
- 29:49Speaker 1: it's also a.
- 29:50Speaker 3: Shame that when she was interviewed about it, I don't
- 29:52Speaker 3: have her name in front of me, but when she
- 29:53Speaker 3: was interviewed about it and someone brought up feminism, she
- 29:57Speaker 3: was quick to dismiss it. She was put off at
- 30:02Speaker 3: the idea that it had anything to do with gender
- 30:06Speaker 3: equality whatsoever.
- 30:08Speaker 1: So yeah, there's that.
- 30:11Speaker 4: Yeah, well, I mean nowadays, nowadays, in the twenty thirteen year,
- 30:18Speaker 4: some of our most prominent wine writers, importers, and winery
- 30:21Speaker 4: owners are women. One of those is Mary Ewing Mulligan,
- 30:25Speaker 4: who's the president of Manhattan's prestigious International Wine Center.
- 30:29Speaker 3: And in terms of taste making, smalliers are seeing more
- 30:34Speaker 3: and more women joining their ranks, possibly helped along by
- 30:39Speaker 3: those stereotypes about women having those finer palettes and also
- 30:43Speaker 3: just with women having more interest and opportunities getting in
- 30:48Speaker 3: there because.
- 30:49Speaker 1: The smallier is I mean to talk about a niche occupation.
- 30:56Speaker 3: And Bloomberg reported earlier in twenty thirteen that of the
- 30:59Speaker 3: press Digitous Institute of Masters of Wine group in London,
- 31:04Speaker 3: there are now eighty seven women among the two hundred
- 31:07Speaker 3: and eighty seven worldwide masters living in twenty three countries,
- 31:10Speaker 3: and in both twenty eleven and twenty twelve there were
- 31:14Speaker 3: more new female Masters of Wine than male.
- 31:18Speaker 4: And nowadays more than forty percent of somalis or women,
- 31:21Speaker 4: Although it hasn't always been an easy climb. One may
- 31:26Speaker 4: of Pesquera, who's a wine director for several restaurants in
- 31:30Speaker 4: several states, says that it's basically taken women a generation
- 31:34Speaker 4: to work up through the ranks of somalis.
- 31:36Speaker 1: Because they just face such bad attitudes. Yeah, she said,
- 31:41Speaker 1: many people used to think that I was just the hostess.
- 31:45Speaker 3: But a lot of people though, who are growing familiar
- 31:49Speaker 3: with women Smalia's working say that they actually prefer sometimes
- 31:55Speaker 3: women to be selecting and suggesting wines for their fine foods,
- 32:00Speaker 3: because they say that women tend to have a more
- 32:03Speaker 3: hospitable approach, which could actually help take some of the
- 32:07Speaker 3: snooty edge off of wine culture. Because I don't know
- 32:11Speaker 3: about you, Caroline, but it is rare that I would
- 32:15Speaker 3: find myself in a restaurant that would have a smallie
- 32:19Speaker 3: approach my table, at which point I would say, I'll
- 32:22Speaker 3: have the house red.
- 32:24Speaker 1: Yeah.
- 32:24Speaker 4: No, I actually just had sort of an embarrassing moment
- 32:27Speaker 4: the other night.
- 32:27Speaker 1: I was out at dinner, and you know, having.
- 32:29Speaker 4: The right Okay, obviously I'm not in a restaurant with
- 32:31Speaker 4: Asmalia either, but having the right server to kind of
- 32:35Speaker 4: walk you through, you know, if they know your preferences,
- 32:37Speaker 4: having the right person can make quite a difference.
- 32:40Speaker 1: Because the other night, my boyfriend I had this waiter.
- 32:42Speaker 4: Who was so like spastic and clearly not really paying
- 32:46Speaker 4: attention to what we were saying.
- 32:48Speaker 1: He didn't really care about us.
- 32:49Speaker 4: He had these other big tables that he was worried about,
- 32:51Speaker 4: and he like rushes over and he's like, well, you know,
- 32:53Speaker 4: did you want a glass of wine or.
- 32:54Speaker 1: Something, or like a bottle?
- 32:56Speaker 4: And I was like, well, yeah, I was considering having
- 32:58Speaker 4: a glass. I mean he just rushed through the whole
- 33:00Speaker 4: thing and at the end, I mean I got this
- 33:01Speaker 4: wine that was just so so I had no idea
- 33:04Speaker 4: what I was drinking.
- 33:05Speaker 1: And so it can be nice to have.
- 33:08Speaker 4: You know, a kind empathetic, sympathetic person walking you through
- 33:11Speaker 4: the wine list, right, because when you know more about
- 33:15Speaker 4: the wine, you appreciate it more. It probably pairs better
- 33:18Speaker 4: with the food, and it makes the entire experience.
- 33:21Speaker 3: More pleasant and worth the sixteen dollars plus that you're spending.
- 33:26Speaker 1: For that tiny bit of liquid in that giant glass.
- 33:31Speaker 1: I are these so giant?
- 33:32Speaker 4: I mean, I know why they are, but oh I
- 33:35Speaker 4: like the giant glass.
- 33:35Speaker 1: I do too. I'm afraid I'm going to break them.
- 33:37Speaker 4: I do have a set of really really nice like
- 33:40Speaker 4: giant wine glasses that I do not pour the recommended
- 33:44Speaker 4: amount into filled on ups like the fish bowl fish
- 33:48Speaker 4: bowl glasses a hurricane sometimes you have fish bowl glass
- 33:51Speaker 4: kinds of weeks.
- 33:53Speaker 1: It just happens.
- 33:54Speaker 3: So that's about it for our conversation on women and wine.
- 33:58Speaker 3: We've looked at wine from the drinking and sort of
- 34:03Speaker 3: taking it back to the making and the taste making
- 34:07Speaker 3: of it. So now we want to hear from women
- 34:11Speaker 3: wine drinkers out there and men wine drinkers too. Guys,
- 34:15Speaker 3: do you like a white wine as much as a
- 34:17Speaker 3: broad shouldered cabernet. I love that description for some reason,
- 34:20Speaker 3: should broad shouldered cabinet and thoughts as well on this
- 34:27Speaker 3: normalization of not just the drinking of wine, but the
- 34:30Speaker 3: drinking of wine to excess.
- 34:33Speaker 1: And for Europeans listening.
- 34:34Speaker 3: Too, do we sound like a couple of wine fruits
- 34:38Speaker 3: sitting here because we're fretting a little bit over having.
- 34:43Speaker 1: A glass a day?
- 34:45Speaker 4: Well, to be fair, I'm also calorie counting at the moment, so.
- 34:49Speaker 1: Yeah, I sometimes I just I put wine with you
- 34:53Speaker 1: know water.
- 34:54Speaker 3: I'm just like, well, it's in its own calorie free category.
- 34:58Speaker 3: So with that, send us your thoughts. Mom Stuff at
- 35:01Speaker 3: Discovery dot com is where you can email us. You
- 35:04Speaker 3: can also message us on Facebook and tweet us at
- 35:07Speaker 3: Mom's Stuff podcast. And we've got a couple of messages
- 35:11Speaker 3: to share with you when we come right.
- 35:14Speaker 1: Back from a quick break.
- 35:25Speaker 4: And now here's some letters.
- 35:29Speaker 3: So we got a couple of letters here in response
- 35:31Speaker 3: to our episode on women and Negotiation, which was our
- 35:36Speaker 3: kickoff to our special four part series on lean In
- 35:41Speaker 3: airing on Fridays, which you should really check out if
- 35:44Speaker 3: you haven't already. And this first letter is from Rihanna.
- 35:47Speaker 3: She writes, I took a lot of psychology classes in college,
- 35:50Speaker 3: and in one of them, the graduate assistant passed out
- 35:53Speaker 3: a photo copied chapter of Women Don't Ask. It was
- 35:58Speaker 3: so eye opening to me that I've kept the chapter
- 36:00Speaker 3: ever since and have tried to actively fight my urge
- 36:03Speaker 3: to avoid confrontation and negotiate even though it scares me.
- 36:07Speaker 1: I have conflicting feelings on this, though.
- 36:09Speaker 3: Because as a millennial, I've heard constantly over the past
- 36:12Speaker 3: several years that I'm entitled, demanding, impatient, and ambitiously disloyal.
- 36:16Speaker 1: So the thought that maybe I just expect more.
- 36:19Speaker 3: Than I deserve has kept me from negotiating as much
- 36:21Speaker 3: as I could, because I'm not sure I'm really worth
- 36:23Speaker 3: what I think I am.
- 36:25Speaker 1: What do you think about that conflict?
- 36:27Speaker 3: Being a woman who, in perception and reality, probably doesn't
- 36:29Speaker 3: know how to ask for what she wants or deserves,
- 36:32Speaker 3: as well as being a millennial who's perceived as whiny
- 36:34Speaker 3: and demanding and unrealistic. How do we reconcile those two
- 36:38Speaker 3: facts or perceptions. I think that the way to reconcile
- 36:44Speaker 3: that is to still follow those four steps that we
- 36:48Speaker 3: outlined in the Negotiation podcast. On how to really understand
- 36:54Speaker 3: and evaluate your own worth and make the approach without
- 36:58Speaker 3: coming across as being too entitled or demanding.
- 37:02Speaker 1: What do you write?
- 37:03Speaker 4: You can't you can't appear like you're just out for yourself.
- 37:06Speaker 4: You know, you have to express your worth not in
- 37:09Speaker 4: a dollar figure, but your worth in terms of what
- 37:12Speaker 4: you have contributed and what you can contribute over and above,
- 37:17Speaker 4: and then you can make it about the.
- 37:20Speaker 1: Dollar figure exactly.
- 37:21Speaker 3: I think that making the collaborative approach as we talked
- 37:25Speaker 3: about in the podcast will probably serve you doubly, not
- 37:29Speaker 3: just as a woman, but as a millennial woman.
- 37:32Speaker 4: Yeah, and you know what I mean, Like, I'm so
- 37:34Speaker 4: tired of this millennial stuff.
- 37:35Speaker 1: Like it's, as you know, every older.
- 37:38Speaker 4: Generation thinks the generations below them are just idiots. So
- 37:42Speaker 4: you're already, i hate to say it, like fighting an
- 37:44Speaker 4: uphill battle as far as stereotypes go of this generation.
- 37:48Speaker 4: So all of that to say, I mean, I didn't
- 37:51Speaker 4: mean to sound like all negative and jumpy about it,
- 37:53Speaker 4: but you know, all of that to say, you kind
- 37:56Speaker 4: of even have to work a little bit harder at
- 37:59Speaker 4: the negotiation table to let them know that you are
- 38:03Speaker 4: there for them.
- 38:04Speaker 1: You're there to make the company better.
- 38:06Speaker 4: You're there to do the best job that you possibly
- 38:08Speaker 4: can and really help them out with your impressive skill set,
- 38:13Speaker 4: you know, so they don't just think you're some college
- 38:16Speaker 4: kid coming to wind to them exactly.
- 38:19Speaker 1: So good luck negotiating, Rihanna, and thanks for writing in.
- 38:22Speaker 1: And I have a letter here from Kat.
- 38:24Speaker 4: She says, I'm twenty three years old and in the
- 38:26Speaker 4: second job of my career. With my first job right
- 38:29Speaker 4: after graduating from college, I didn't even try to negotiate
- 38:31Speaker 4: my salary. I wasn't particularly confident in my skills and
- 38:34Speaker 4: was only slightly knowledgeable thanks to my mom and information
- 38:37Speaker 4: from salary dot com about how much I should expect
- 38:40Speaker 4: to make. I pushed back a bit with my second
- 38:43Speaker 4: and current job, but was shut down almost immediately because
- 38:46Speaker 4: of my relatively little amount of experience. Within the first month,
- 38:50Speaker 4: I'd already gotten lots of feedback that I've been doing
- 38:52Speaker 4: such a great job and it's only been getting better.
- 38:54Speaker 4: I actually discussed this very topic with a coworker yesterday
- 38:57Speaker 4: and kind of regret not pushing back for more money,
- 39:00Speaker 4: especially given all the positive feedback I've been getting. My
- 39:03Speaker 4: coworker and I were discussing how long I should wait,
- 39:06Speaker 4: if at all, until I approach my lead for a
- 39:08Speaker 4: potential raise, how to go about doing it, et cetera.
- 39:11Speaker 4: Whenever I decide to pull the trigger on that deal,
- 39:13Speaker 4: I'll definitely be keeping the points you ladies made in mind,
- 39:17Speaker 4: which is awesome.
- 39:19Speaker 1: Kat.
- 39:19Speaker 4: I hope you, I wish you the best of luck,
- 39:21Speaker 4: and I hope you keep us posted.
- 39:23Speaker 3: Yeah, and thanks to everyone who's been keeping us posted
- 39:26Speaker 3: with your emails. Mom Stuff at discovery dot com is
- 39:28Speaker 3: where you can send them, and also connecting with us
- 39:30Speaker 3: on Facebook and Twitter at mom Stuff Podcast.
- 39:34Speaker 1: You can also follow.
- 39:35Speaker 3: Us on Tumblr, stuff Moomnever Told You dot tumblr dot com,
- 39:38Speaker 3: as well as our wonderful Instagram. We are at stuff
- 39:44Speaker 3: Mom Never Told You And speaking of negotiation and lean in,
- 39:50Speaker 3: don't forget This Friday is the fourth and final chapter
- 39:54Speaker 3: in our series All about Boston is, So tune in
- 40:00Speaker 3: for that and tune in as well to YouTube, where
- 40:03Speaker 3: you can check us out.
- 40:04Speaker 1: Four times a week.
- 40:05Speaker 3: YouTube dot com, slash stuff, Mom Never Told You, and
- 40:08Speaker 3: Don't Forget Do you subscribe? For more on this and
- 40:14Speaker 3: thousands of other topics, visit how Stuff Works dot com.