Latest / History Dark / Inside East Timor_s Deadly Gang Wars _ Ross Kemp on Gangs

Transcript

Inside East Timor_s Deadly Gang Wars _ Ross Kemp on Gangs · History Dark

• 0:00
  Speaker 1: East Timor is one of the most volatile places on Earth,
• 0:05
  Speaker 1: where martial arts, gang life and ritualistic beliefs make a
• 0:10
  Speaker 1: combustible cocktail.
• 0:11
  Speaker 2: I think we should go.
• 0:12
  Speaker 1: And violence has become a way of life.
• 0:15
  Speaker 2: Move a little bit, then I'll stab you.
• 0:17
  Speaker 3: You'll stab him, yeah?
• 0:19
  Speaker 4: Did he die, though?
• 0:20
  Speaker 3: That's what they say.
• 1:15
  Speaker 1: This country has all the ingredients of a top tourist destination.
• 1:19
  Speaker 1: White sand beaches, azure blue seas, and a tropical climate
• 1:24
  Speaker 1: to match.
• 1:25
  Speaker 4: However, there's trouble in paradise.
• 1:28
  Speaker 1: A fifth of the population are said to be gang members,
• 1:31
  Speaker 1: and violence is endemic. This highly religious tribal culture has
• 1:37
  Speaker 1: a gang problem like no other I've encountered on my travels. Oh, oh, oh, oh!
• 2:00
  Speaker 1: There are hundreds of burnt out buildings like this in
• 2:02
  Speaker 1: East Timor, arson being one of the weapons used by
• 2:05
  Speaker 1: the gangs, along with bows and arrows, poison darts, and machetes.
• 2:10
  Speaker 1: And though they may sound medieval, the hospitals and the
• 2:13
  Speaker 1: cemeteries here bear testament to their effectiveness. There are growing
• 2:17
  Speaker 1: concerns that the gangs are gaining political influence in this,
• 2:21
  Speaker 1: the youngest democracy in the world. So I've come here
• 2:24
  Speaker 1: to find out just how much power they actually wield.
• 2:32
  Speaker 1: Although it's the capital of East Timor, Dili is little
• 2:35
  Speaker 1: more than a series of villages. It's scarred by burnt-out
• 2:39
  Speaker 1: derelict buildings and internally displaced persons camps to house the
• 2:43
  Speaker 1: victims of violence. Unemployment is running at 70% and so
• 2:49
  Speaker 1: is gang membership. The streets are full of UN vehicles,
• 2:53
  Speaker 1: gang graffiti and foreign troops. The situation is so bad
• 2:58
  Speaker 1: here that the government has had to seek foreign help
• 3:00
  Speaker 1: in dealing with its problems and the gangs that cause them.
• 3:08
  Speaker 1: It's my first day and I'm starting my search for
• 3:10
  Speaker 1: East Timor's gangs by visiting the Australian peacekeepers who have
• 3:15
  Speaker 1: agreed to show me some of the weapons they've confiscated.
• 3:21
  Speaker 1: My guide is Major Pete Conroy.
• 3:26
  Speaker 2: Yes, I mean this is a small collection.
• 3:28
  Speaker 5: I must point out that we've actually collected a much
• 3:32
  Speaker 5: larger amount of weapons. In fact, we've collected enough weapons
• 3:36
  Speaker 5: to fill this entire floor and some. Here's an example
• 3:42
  Speaker 5: of some knives, I mean very simple knives. This was
• 3:46
  Speaker 5: actually worn by an individual using the straps around his
• 3:48
  Speaker 5: head and we found him using this as some sort
• 3:52
  Speaker 5: of sign.
• 3:54
  Speaker 2: Also, you can pull them from there. It was a
• 3:56
  Speaker 2: force to be reckoned with.
• 3:57
  Speaker 4: Certainly.
• 3:59
  Speaker 6: Here are some classics, the nunchuckers.
• 4:02
  Speaker 5: It actually folds in with the chain and then simply
• 4:05
  Speaker 5: screws in. So it just appears, if someone could conceal that,
• 4:11
  Speaker 5: as a simple pole. Applying weapons for the psychological effect.
• 4:17
  Speaker 5: has been quite useful for local gang members in intimidating
• 4:21
  Speaker 5: villagers and other locals in the area.
• 4:23
  Speaker 4: Of course. Yeah.
• 4:24
  Speaker 1: These crude homemade weapons are very different from anything I've
• 4:28
  Speaker 1: ever seen, though they can clearly do serious damage.
• 4:32
  Speaker 5: And this is your traditional bow and arrow in that
• 4:35
  Speaker 5: you have wire reinforced with some rubber band to create
• 4:39
  Speaker 5: the arrow.
• 4:44
  Speaker 4: Can it hurt? Can it hurt?
• 4:45
  Speaker 3: It can kill.
• 4:49
  Speaker 1: I've been told that the best chance of making contact
• 4:51
  Speaker 1: with the gangs was after dark, so I joined Major
• 4:54
  Speaker 1: Conroy's section on night patrol.
• 5:08
  Speaker 7: BIRDS CHIRP.
• 5:21
  Speaker 4: This is the most violent place in East Timor.
• 5:25
  Speaker 1: Really?
• 5:26
  Speaker 3: Yeah.
• 5:26
  Speaker 5: This is known as Biro Pitti. And essentially from last
• 5:29
  Speaker 5: year through to this year, this has been where the.
• 5:34
  Speaker 4: Majority of the fighting has taken place.
• 5:37
  Speaker 1: But why is it so violent in this particular place, mate?
• 5:40
  Speaker 8: Because of the close proximity to gangs. It's really volatile. Like,
• 5:45
  Speaker 8: it's peaceful now, but all it needs is for a
• 5:49
  Speaker 8: couple of people to do things wrong. And it'll flare
• 5:52
  Speaker 8: up again.
• 5:53
  Speaker 5: Houses burning, people firing darts at each other, rock fights,
• 5:58
  Speaker 5: you name it, and they're doing it. At this stage,
• 6:02
  Speaker 5: the generic gangs are 7-7 and PSHT. They are the
• 6:06
  Speaker 5: two largest gangs.
• 6:08
  Speaker 4: Why do they dislike each other so much?
• 6:10
  Speaker 8: From what we can tell, it's just who's got the
• 6:13
  Speaker 8: control of power, and that's all they're after.
• 6:15
  Speaker 4: They want power. Yeah. And they'll fight to get it
• 6:18
  Speaker 4: or kill to get it.
• 6:19
  Speaker 9: They will.
• 6:25
  Speaker 4: There's some lads up here, aren't there? Now, will these
• 6:27
  Speaker 4: guys be gang-affiliated?
• 6:29
  Speaker 8: Most likely.
• 6:31
  Speaker 4: Yeah.
• 6:32
  Speaker 6: Yeah.
• 6:36
  Speaker 10: Definitely gang.
• 6:37
  Speaker 8: Can we get them to show us their arms and
• 6:40
  Speaker 8: see whether they've got any gang tattoos?
• 6:43
  Speaker 4: Yeah, yeah. Now, you're looking for gang tattoos or gang markings,
• 6:47
  Speaker 4: aren't you guys? That's right.
• 6:48
  Speaker 5: The 7-7 will have a number of markings on their arms.
• 6:51
  Speaker 4: Both their forearms and their biceps.
• 6:53
  Speaker 5: I'll also have them on their chest, and I'll also
• 6:56
  Speaker 5: have them on their back.
• 6:57
  Speaker 4: Nothing on his arm.
• 7:00
  Speaker 1: On this occasion, the Aussies found no obvious sign of
• 7:02
  Speaker 1: gang membership. But in East Timor, even the unaffiliated have
• 7:07
  Speaker 1: a gang name, 00.
• 7:08
  Speaker 8: There's gang members in each village, but they've got a
• 7:13
  Speaker 8: lot of 00 people who are more persuaded by whichever
• 7:16
  Speaker 8: gang's in charge of the village.
• 7:18
  Speaker 11: A lot of them aren't.
• 7:19
  Speaker 8: Full gang members themselves, but they will fight or else
• 7:23
  Speaker 8: they will have repercussions to them. Their houses will get
• 7:28
  Speaker 8: burned down if they say, no, I want nothing to
• 7:29
  Speaker 8: do with you.
• 7:31
  Speaker 1: Although the streets felt tense, it seemed to me like
• 7:34
  Speaker 1: the Australians had the situation under control. But the next morning,
• 7:39
  Speaker 1: I got a better sense of what the peacekeepers were
• 7:41
  Speaker 1: up against.
• 7:43
  Speaker 4: There's a riot going on.
• 7:45
  Speaker 1: UN forces are being stoned by the locals here. So
• 7:48
  Speaker 1: we're going to try and get there and find out
• 7:50
  Speaker 1: exactly what's going on.
• 7:55
  Speaker 2: A lot of people with guns. They're very happy to
• 7:58
  Speaker 2: see us.
• 7:59
  Speaker 1: There's a big police presence here.
• 8:08
  Speaker 4: They've just arrested a guy.
• 8:09
  Speaker 1: They've got a guy going in the vehicle just over
• 8:10
  Speaker 1: to me now. Basically, guys from over here went out
• 8:14
  Speaker 1: onto the street and started throwing rocks at a UN
• 8:17
  Speaker 1: police vehicle. They obviously retreated, then called for backup. When
• 8:22
  Speaker 1: the backup turned up, they've retreated over to there. They've
• 8:24
  Speaker 1: stopped throwing rocks. So at the moment, it's a bit
• 8:26
  Speaker 1: of a standoff. The incident gave me an insight into
• 8:31
  Speaker 1: life here. But to really understand East Timor and why
• 8:35
  Speaker 1: there are foreign peacekeepers on the streets... you need to
• 8:38
  Speaker 1: understand its.
• 8:39
  Speaker 4: History of violence.
• 8:42
  Speaker 1: The island of Timor lies between two of the region's superpowers,
• 8:46
  Speaker 1: Indonesia and Australia. While the west is part of Indonesia,
• 8:51
  Speaker 1: the east was a Portuguese colony for 400 years. But
• 8:57
  Speaker 1: when the Portuguese left in 1975, the Indonesians invaded, starting
• 9:03
  Speaker 1: a conflict that lasted 24 years and cost an estimated 250,000
• 9:06
  Speaker 1: Timorese and 10,000 Indonesian lives. In 1999, a referendum was
• 9:08
  Speaker 1: finally held and the Timorese voted to kick the Indonesians out.
• 9:23
  Speaker 1: But the run-up to independence in 2000 was marked by
• 9:26
  Speaker 1: an orgy of violence that tore the country apart. The
• 9:31
  Speaker 1: UN is here to assist in the difficult process of nation-building,
• 9:35
  Speaker 1: for although the Indonesians have gone, East Timor is still
• 9:39
  Speaker 1: a traumatised country. Violence remains the favoured way of resolving problems,
• 9:45
  Speaker 1: and the gangs provide the foot soldiers to fight the
• 9:48
  Speaker 1: resulting conflict. Last year, talks were held to try and
• 9:53
  Speaker 1: stop the gang violence. Jose Luis Sosa Santos, a former
• 9:58
  Speaker 1: presidential bodyguard and youth.
• 10:00
  Speaker 4: worker, was there.
• 10:02
  Speaker 1: I needed someone to get me closer to PSHT and 7-7,
• 10:06
  Speaker 1: and Jose was the best option.
• 10:12
  Speaker 2: Hello?
• 10:21
  Speaker 4: Thanks for meeting me, mate.
• 10:23
  Speaker 2: I appreciate it.
• 10:24
  Speaker 1: I was keen to know about the roots of East
• 10:26
  Speaker 1: Timor's gang culture.
• 10:28
  Speaker 12: These Timorese are very proud of the fact that they
• 10:30
  Speaker 12: come from a warrior culture.
• 10:32
  Speaker 3: This is.
• 10:33
  Speaker 12: And if you look throughout the whole history, this is...
• 10:36
  Speaker 12: It's the one thing that... The one bit of identity
• 10:38
  Speaker 12: they haven't lost.
• 10:39
  Speaker 4: Is they're warriors?
• 10:40
  Speaker 2: They're warriors. You know, that they're a fighting race against
• 10:43
  Speaker 2: any odds.
• 10:45
  Speaker 12: And what's happening with the gangs is basically the corruption
• 10:47
  Speaker 12: of that warrior culture, of all that pride, of all
• 10:49
  Speaker 12: that honour.
• 10:50
  Speaker 2: Of all that history.
• 10:52
  Speaker 1: Well, how organised are the gangs here?
• 10:55
  Speaker 12: They control the gambling, they control, I suppose, the low-level prostitution,
• 11:00
  Speaker 12: the racketeering in the markets.
• 11:01
  Speaker 4: Protection.
• 11:02
  Speaker 2: Protection rackets.
• 11:03
  Speaker 12: When you realise, OK, you've got 37,000 militants, PSHT, 31,000 militants, 7-7,
• 11:05
  Speaker 12: anything between 10,000 and 12,000 militants, when you look at
• 11:08
  Speaker 12: the numbers.
• 11:09
  Speaker 2: That starts adding.
• 11:09
  Speaker 1: Up to being.
• 11:18
  Speaker 2: Adding up to be more than 10, 15% of the population.
• 11:22
  Speaker 1: Actively involved in gangs.
• 11:23
  Speaker 2: Young men in gangs.
• 11:26
  Speaker 12: Okay, for example, you see the PSHC graffiti of The Heart.
• 11:30
  Speaker 12: It's an Indonesian martial arts organisation, but it's also present
• 11:32
  Speaker 12: in England, it's present in.
• 11:34
  Speaker 4: I've heard of it, man. I've actually been to a
• 11:35
  Speaker 4: place where they do it.
• 11:36
  Speaker 3: Penjaksilat, yeah.
• 11:37
  Speaker 2: Penjaksilat, exactly.
• 11:47
  Speaker 4: So let me.
• 11:48
  Speaker 1: Show you this.
• 11:50
  Speaker 4: There's some graffiti on the wall, yeah?
• 11:52
  Speaker 2: Yeah, some nice 77 graffiti. It's one of the ritual
• 11:54
  Speaker 2: art gangs.
• 12:00
  Speaker 12: In East Timor, especially in regards to ritual art gangs,
• 12:02
  Speaker 12: you have 77, which are characterised by the seven little
• 12:06
  Speaker 12: scars up their arms. The leader or the holy man,
• 12:09
  Speaker 12: the pure master, sort of cuts, makes little cuts and
• 12:13
  Speaker 12: rubs a special mix of blood of the sacrificed animal
• 12:17
  Speaker 12: or this dust, this magical dust, which then makes the
• 12:21
  Speaker 12: gang member, twice the gang member's life force to the gang.
• 12:25
  Speaker 4: Right.
• 12:26
  Speaker 12: But also makes them impervious to wounding or to being
• 12:31
  Speaker 12: shot or, yeah, that's their belief.
• 12:42
  Speaker 4: Josie, do you think you could.
• 12:44
  Speaker 1: Try and get me an introduction to some of these guys,
• 12:47
  Speaker 1: if I.
• 12:47
  Speaker 4: Can meet them and talk to them.
• 12:48
  Speaker 2: Yeah, it shouldn't be a problem. It shouldn't be a problem.
• 12:51
  Speaker 12: I mean, if anything, these guys have a lot of
• 12:53
  Speaker 12: pride in the organisation and the history of the organisation,
• 12:55
  Speaker 12: so they're... They're willing to talk.
• 12:56
  Speaker 2: They're willing to talk and tell their side of the story.
• 12:58
  Speaker 4: Cos they're proud. Exactly.
• 13:04
  Speaker 1: East Timor has a reputation for violence and signs of
• 13:07
  Speaker 1: gang activity are everywhere. I've been here just a few
• 13:13
  Speaker 1: days when I was put in touch with one of
• 13:15
  Speaker 1: the biggest gangs on the island, PSH2. Well, it's not
• 13:22
  Speaker 1: often you get to meet a guy whose martial arts
• 13:24
  Speaker 1: organization has more members than the police, the army, and
• 13:28
  Speaker 1: in this case, the United Nation peacekeepers combined.
• 13:32
  Speaker 4: That's powerful.
• 13:33
  Speaker 12: Pardon me.
• 13:42
  Speaker 4: Fotagio? Good morning.
• 13:45
  Speaker 2: Good morning.
• 13:47
  Speaker 5: Thank you.
• 13:48
  Speaker 1: Fotagio de Jesus Maya de Andrade heads an estimated 31,000
• 13:53
  Speaker 1: followers of the martial art Penjak Silat. Its Indonesian roots
• 13:58
  Speaker 1: have caused suspicion and accusations of collaboration with the old occupiers.
• 14:03
  Speaker 1: But that hasn't prevented PSHT becoming one of the most
• 14:07
  Speaker 1: powerful and influential groups in the country.
• 14:13
  Speaker 13: There are other organizations on the island that occasionally clash, maybe,
• 14:20
  Speaker 13: I think, with you sometimes.
• 14:22
  Speaker 4: What are your views on those other organizations?
• 14:41
  Speaker 3: I was attacked by the army. I was attacked by
• 14:42
  Speaker 3: the army.
• 14:42
  Speaker 13: I was attacked by the army. I was attacked by
• 14:44
  Speaker 13: the army. I was attacked by the army. I was
• 14:46
  Speaker 13: attacked by the army. I was attacked by the army.
• 14:49
  Speaker 13: I was attacked by the army. I was attacked by
• 14:52
  Speaker 13: the army.
• 14:52
  Speaker 3: I was attacked by the army.
• 14:54
  Speaker 13: I was attacked by the army. We were told to
• 15:12
  Speaker 13: go to Barakli. We went to Barakli, but we didn't
• 15:13
  Speaker 13: go to Barakli. There were no members of the police.
• 15:15
  Speaker 13: We were told to go to Barakli. There were no
• 15:16
  Speaker 13: members of the police. We were told to go to Barakli.
• 15:18
  Speaker 13: There were no members of the police.
• 15:19
  Speaker 3: We were told to go to Barakli.
• 15:20
  Speaker 13: There were no members of the police. We were told
• 15:22
  Speaker 13: to go to Barakli. We were told to go to Barakli.
• 15:24
  Speaker 13: We were told to go to Barakli.
• 15:25
  Speaker 3: We were told to go to Barakli. We were told
• 15:28
  Speaker 3: to go to Barakli. We were told to go to Barakli.
• 15:31
  Speaker 3: We were told to go to Barakli. We were told
• 15:32
  Speaker 3: to go to Barakli. We were told to go to Barakli.
• 15:34
  Speaker 3: We were told to go to Barakli. We were told
• 15:35
  Speaker 3: to go to Barakli. We were told to go to Barakli.
• 15:37
  Speaker 3: We were told to go to Barakli.
• 15:38
  Speaker 1: We were told to go Would you mind showing me
• 15:40
  Speaker 1: the injury where the arrow hit you? There.
• 15:49
  Speaker 4: See, the scar where the arrow went in. And there's
• 15:51
  Speaker 4: another one up here. How did you get that one?
• 16:03
  Speaker 1: Having done a little pen jack myself, I was curious
• 16:06
  Speaker 1: to see Fortaggio's people doing their stuff. and they were
• 16:09
  Speaker 1: only too happy to show.
• 16:16
  Speaker 4: Me.
• 16:18
  Speaker 1: Like most gangs or groups involved in conflict, PSHT consider
• 16:22
  Speaker 1: themselves more sinned against than sinning. And watching them in action,
• 16:26
  Speaker 1: I was beginning to think of them as just a
• 16:28
  Speaker 1: nice community group, until, that is, I got talking to
• 16:32
  Speaker 1: some of the guys who train with Portagio.
• 16:35
  Speaker 2: I'm from Portagio.
• 16:37
  Speaker 3: I was attacked by the police.
• 16:40
  Speaker 4: I was shot.
• 16:40
  Speaker 3: I was shot by the police. I was shot by
• 16:43
  Speaker 3: the police. I was shot by the police. I was
• 16:44
  Speaker 3: shot by the police. I was shot by the police.
• 17:14
  Speaker 1: Then I met Mr Lopez, a trainee policeman, who once
• 17:17
  Speaker 1: faced a gang of 150 people.
• 17:20
  Speaker 4: And they wanted to kill you?
• 17:22
  Speaker 11: They said, Lopez, come out, come out. If you didn't
• 17:24
  Speaker 11: come out, we will kill all of your family.
• 17:27
  Speaker 1: Were these people aligned to any other, like, COCA or
• 17:31
  Speaker 1: to 7-7?
• 17:32
  Speaker 11: Oh, yeah, I recognise them very well. They are from 7-7...
• 17:36
  Speaker 11: some of them from Corka, but I still talked with
• 17:39
  Speaker 11: the guy, the person, you know.
• 17:41
  Speaker 5: The leader.
• 17:41
  Speaker 3: The leader, the person who died.
• 17:43
  Speaker 11: And suddenly he caught me, then I moved back. And
• 17:46
  Speaker 11: I moved back, and I saw my blood.
• 17:49
  Speaker 2: See, they come out.
• 17:50
  Speaker 11: And then, you know, I pretended that, you know, I
• 17:53
  Speaker 11: almost go, I almost dying. And I said, oh my God,
• 17:56
  Speaker 11: I'm dying. You know, everybody laughing and so on. And
• 17:59
  Speaker 11: that's how they lose their control. And suddenly I took
• 18:01
  Speaker 11: the samurai.
• 18:02
  Speaker 2: Then I move.
• 18:03
  Speaker 11: I said, no, it's better, you go. And then you
• 18:06
  Speaker 11: want to attack him for the second time, right? Because
• 18:08
  Speaker 11: he move like this, or somewhere like this.
• 18:11
  Speaker 3: You want to cut me. Then I just, you know, like,
• 18:14
  Speaker 3: move a little bit. Then I stab him.
• 18:17
  Speaker 4: You stab him, yeah?
• 18:17
  Speaker 3: Yeah.
• 18:19
  Speaker 4: What happened to this guy? This guy die? This guy
• 18:21
  Speaker 4: you stab?
• 18:21
  Speaker 3: I didn't show.
• 18:22
  Speaker 2: But did they say what happened to him?
• 18:24
  Speaker 11: But I only remember I stabbed him once.
• 18:25
  Speaker 2: Yeah, yeah.
• 18:26
  Speaker 4: Did he die, though? I didn't show. You don't know? Yeah.
• 18:29
  Speaker 4: Did the police know?
• 18:31
  Speaker 11: Yeah, they suspect me that I'm the one who killed
• 18:34
  Speaker 11: the guy.
• 18:34
  Speaker 4: And you killed, so he did die then, yeah?
• 18:36
  Speaker 3: That's what they say.
• 18:37
  Speaker 4: That's what they say?
• 18:38
  Speaker 11: That's what they suspect me.
• 18:39
  Speaker 2: How is your arm now? Is it bad?
• 18:41
  Speaker 13: Can I have a look?
• 18:41
  Speaker 1: Uh, yeah.
• 18:43
  Speaker 4: He hasn't stopped you from doing the pen jack, though.
• 18:45
  Speaker 4: You're still doing the pen jack, huh?
• 18:47
  Speaker 3: No, no, not yet.
• 18:49
  Speaker 1: Wait.
• 18:50
  Speaker 4: Yeah, that's a good... He hit you bad, huh? Yeah,
• 18:53
  Speaker 4: it's very bad.
• 18:53
  Speaker 2: He wanted me to die.
• 18:54
  Speaker 4: He wanted you to die, yeah?
• 18:56
  Speaker 2: Yeah.
• 18:56
  Speaker 1: Yeah. Well, we've just spent an afternoon with PSHT, and
• 19:07
  Speaker 1: I have to say I'm not only impressed with their
• 19:09
  Speaker 1: martial arts skills, but also with the structure of their organisation.
• 19:15
  Speaker 1: They say they're not a gang, but all the other
• 19:16
  Speaker 1: gangs here seem to believe that they are. One thing's
• 19:20
  Speaker 1: for sure, I've never met a gang that has such influence.
• 19:23
  Speaker 4: In virtually every strata of society here.
• 19:26
  Speaker 1: They have members in high-ranking positions in the army and
• 19:29
  Speaker 1: in the police, and they.
• 19:30
  Speaker 4: Have a lot of influence here politically. Now I wanted
• 19:35
  Speaker 4: to find 7-7.
• 19:36
  Speaker 1: That evening, I met up with the Guardia National Republica,
• 19:40
  Speaker 1: or GNR, from Portugal, the former colonial power. They are
• 19:45
  Speaker 1: respected on the streets here and well-placed to get me
• 19:47
  Speaker 1: closer to the elusive ritual arts gang who are PSHT's
• 19:51
  Speaker 1: sworn enemies. Our first stop of the night was an
• 19:58
  Speaker 1: internally displaced person's camp near our hotel. The camp's a
• 20:02
  Speaker 1: well-known trouble spot, providing the gangs with a ready source
• 20:05
  Speaker 1: of manpower. The local police have turned up, and now
• 20:09
  Speaker 1: the GNR have shown.
• 20:11
  Speaker 4: They've backed off.
• 20:13
  Speaker 2: They're letting the GNR guys go and do what they do.
• 20:21
  Speaker 1: The graffiti is an indication that this is 7-7 territory,
• 20:25
  Speaker 1: but no-one seems in a mood for talking. Trouble tends
• 20:30
  Speaker 1: to melt away when the GNR arrive, so we moved
• 20:33
  Speaker 1: on to another part of Dillard.
• 20:36
  Speaker 10: I don't know, two days ago they threw rocks.
• 20:40
  Speaker 12: They threw rocks in our house at 12 o'clock in
• 20:44
  Speaker 12: the middle of the night.
• 20:45
  Speaker 4: And we didn't know what was going on. Who was it?
• 20:48
  Speaker 4: People from upstairs.
• 20:53
  Speaker 1: The lady you may have just heard screaming and ranting
• 20:58
  Speaker 1: was only talking to me less than 40 seconds ago,
• 21:02
  Speaker 1: very clearly.
• 21:02
  Speaker 4: In English, very concisely.
• 21:23
  Speaker 1: As soon as she saw the people that she believed
• 21:26
  Speaker 1: had been throwing rocks at her house, she flipped. And
• 21:30
  Speaker 1: her hysteria was catching.
• 21:32
  Speaker 4: The men got involved as well.
• 21:34
  Speaker 1: And a lot of those guys were wearing Acqui Jazz T-shirts,
• 21:37
  Speaker 1: which we.
• 21:37
  Speaker 4: Know to be a gang around here. They denied to
• 21:39
  Speaker 4: be being gang members.
• 21:41
  Speaker 1: But, you know, whether it's gang-related or not, you can
• 21:44
  Speaker 1: see how quickly things can change here.
• 21:47
  Speaker 4: One second, very peaceful. The next minute, hysteria.
• 21:51
  Speaker 1: Young men here are often forced into gangs for self-protection.
• 21:55
  Speaker 1: Jose took me to a project he'd set up himself
• 21:58
  Speaker 1: to try and help kids avoid gang life.
• 22:00
  Speaker 4: So where are these kids from?
• 22:02
  Speaker 2: From this neighbourhood.
• 22:06
  Speaker 4: These kids, in a way, are potential gang members, aren't they?
• 22:08
  Speaker 2: They're ex-gang members.
• 22:10
  Speaker 1: Already?
• 22:11
  Speaker 4: Yeah.
• 22:14
  Speaker 2: The story of Jose, for example.
• 22:17
  Speaker 12: Jose is somebody I've got a lot of respect for,
• 22:20
  Speaker 12: He used to be a member of PSHT. He then said, no,
• 22:24
  Speaker 12: I don't want to be a member of any group.
• 22:26
  Speaker 2: Pulled out from it. He was hunted. He's still hunted.
• 22:29
  Speaker 4: For leaving? Yeah. Not allowed to. Well, once you're in.
• 22:34
  Speaker 2: Once you're in, you're in. This is what they used
• 22:37
  Speaker 2: to protect themselves.
• 22:39
  Speaker 1: Okay?
• 22:39
  Speaker 2: This is the rambambon.
• 22:40
  Speaker 4: Fuck. Okay?
• 22:44
  Speaker 2: This is what they fired out of.
• 22:47
  Speaker 4: That's a blade, obviously, with a hook on it.
• 22:49
  Speaker 3: Yeah.
• 22:49
  Speaker 2: So once it enters, you can't pull it out.
• 22:51
  Speaker 4: It's a harpoon.
• 22:52
  Speaker 3: I had one of these.
• 22:53
  Speaker 11: All right.
• 22:57
  Speaker 2: Straight in there.
• 22:57
  Speaker 7: And I'll take it.
• 22:59
  Speaker 1: Jose was yet another victim of the state-of-the-art weapons that
• 23:03
  Speaker 1: abound in this retro war. I wanted to know more
• 23:06
  Speaker 1: about this sling and dart combo that seems to be
• 23:09
  Speaker 1: the weapon of choice around here. Our fixer Mauricio has
• 23:14
  Speaker 1: managed to find someone who will show us how they.
• 23:17
  Speaker 4: Make these darts and these slings here.
• 23:20
  Speaker 1: It's an arrestable offence to possess one or to make one.
• 23:22
  Speaker 2: So that's all it takes.
• 23:25
  Speaker 10: A handful of easily obtained hardware, including a six-inch nail,
• 23:29
  Speaker 10: and you've got a Ramba Ambom.
• 23:45
  Speaker 1: One of the most frequently used weapons on the Timorese streets.
• 23:50
  Speaker 10: It's gone in there.
• 24:06
  Speaker 4: Obviously, it's travelled all the way through it.
• 24:10
  Speaker 2: Up to the Yockey, it's Kemp.
• 24:14
  Speaker 4: Kemp of Essex. Try and hit that one.
• 24:24
  Speaker 2: There. One more go.
• 24:29
  Speaker 4: Yeah.
• 24:32
  Speaker 1: Sometimes I have to question my ability. Is it really
• 24:35
  Speaker 1: worth pursuing a career with no stability? One minute you're here,
• 24:39
  Speaker 1: next minute you're gone. It's like you just disappear when
• 24:42
  Speaker 1: they finish playing... My first Sunday in East Timor, the
• 24:44
  Speaker 1: day on which the Timorese show the other side of
• 24:47
  Speaker 1: their character. Despite the violence, this is a deeply religious country.
• 24:54
  Speaker 1: All the gangs claim to have God on their side
• 24:56
  Speaker 1: and Catholicism has a massive influence on life here. On
• 25:02
  Speaker 1: Sunday mornings, 70% of the Timorese attend church. And on
• 25:07
  Speaker 1: Sunday afternoons, thousands more Timorese come to places like this
• 25:12
  Speaker 1: in search of less spiritual pursuits. Scambling is a major
• 25:20
  Speaker 1: part of the culture here, and cockfighting is a big-money sport,
• 25:25
  Speaker 1: with hundreds of dollars changing hands over a rooster's pugilistic potential.
• 25:42
  Speaker 1: But I wasn't here as a punter. Jose had told
• 25:45
  Speaker 1: me these weekly cockfights raised revenue for the gangs, and
• 25:49
  Speaker 1: I wanted to see if I could make contact with 7-7.
• 26:11
  Speaker 1: This guy's tattoo told me we'd come to the right place.
• 26:23
  Speaker 1: I've just been given some contact details and hopefully this
• 26:25
  Speaker 1: piece of paper will lead us to 7-7. Two days later,
• 26:33
  Speaker 1: I went to Santa Cruz Cemetery to rendezvous with the
• 26:36
  Speaker 1: man from 7-7. This was the scene of an infamous
• 26:40
  Speaker 1: massacre in 1991 when Indonesian troops killed 100 mourners at
• 26:45
  Speaker 1: a funeral. When 7-7 supporters claimed to have been saved
• 26:49
  Speaker 1: from death by their membership of the ritual arts group,
• 26:52
  Speaker 1: a gang legend was born.
• 26:54
  Speaker 4: My contact, Mr.
• 26:56
  Speaker 1: January, is a 7-7 survivor of the incident.
• 27:03
  Speaker 7: At that time, I was about to die. I was
• 27:06
  Speaker 7: only 30 minutes away from death. I was about to die.
• 27:08
  Speaker 7: I was about to die. I was about to die.
• 27:10
  Speaker 7: I was about to die. I was about to die.
• 27:12
  Speaker 7: I was about to die. I was a soldier, but
• 27:31
  Speaker 7: I was a soldier. I was a soldier, but I
• 27:33
  Speaker 7: was a soldier. I was a soldier, but I was
• 27:35
  Speaker 7: a soldier. I was a soldier, but I was a soldier.
• 27:38
  Speaker 1: I was a soldier, but I was a soldier. I
• 27:40
  Speaker 1: was a soldier, but I was a soldier.
• 27:43
  Speaker 7: I was a soldier, but I was a soldier. I
• 27:48
  Speaker 7: was a soldier, but I was a soldier. I was
• 27:50
  Speaker 7: a soldier, but I was a soldier. I was a soldier,
• 27:52
  Speaker 7: but I was a soldier.
• 28:01
  Speaker 4: Would you mind showing me where you were shot, please?
• 28:05
  Speaker 3: It's here, yeah? Yeah.
• 28:09
  Speaker 4: You can just see the hole. That's where it's gone in.
• 28:12
  Speaker 4: I can understand why you believe you're invincible.
• 28:24
  Speaker 1: It had taken me a while to get to 7-7,
• 28:27
  Speaker 1: a highly secretive organisation that had played a big part
• 28:30
  Speaker 1: in the resistance against Indonesia. But through Mr January, I
• 28:35
  Speaker 1: was put in touch with 7-7's president.
• 28:37
  Speaker 4: Present.
• 28:51
  Speaker 1: Agostino Fernandes had invited me to witness a secret ceremony.
• 28:57
  Speaker 4: But first, I was due.
• 28:59
  Speaker 1: For a crash course in 7-7's religious philosophy.
• 29:04
  Speaker 7: This is our culture, our tradition, the organization of 7-7.
• 29:09
  Speaker 4: I'm very happy to be here.
• 29:11
  Speaker 3: To go to the.
• 29:13
  Speaker 4: First world, 0-0, I'm very happy to be here. In 7-7,
• 29:15
  Speaker 4: I love the cream here. He was a minister. He
• 29:30
  Speaker 4: was a minister, and he was a minister. He was
• 29:31
  Speaker 4: a minister, and he was a minister. He was a minister,
• 29:32
  Speaker 4: and he was a minister. He was a minister, and
• 29:33
  Speaker 4: he was a minister. He was a minister, and he
• 29:34
  Speaker 4: was a minister. He was a minister, and he was
• 29:35
  Speaker 4: a minister. He was a minister, and he was a minister.
• 29:37
  Speaker 4: He was a minister, and he was a minister. He
• 29:38
  Speaker 4: was a minister, and he was a minister. He was
• 29:40
  Speaker 4: a minister, and he was a minister. He was a minister,
• 29:41
  Speaker 4: and he was a minister.
• 29:41
  Speaker 2: He was a minister, and he was a minister.
• 29:42
  Speaker 4: He was a minister, and he was a minister. He
• 29:43
  Speaker 4: was a minister, and he was a minister.
• 29:44
  Speaker 9: He was a minister, and he was a minister.
• 29:45
  Speaker 2: He was a minister, and he was a minister.
• 29:46
  Speaker 4: He was a minister, and he was a minister.
• 29:47
  Speaker 1: He was a minister, and he was a minister.
• 29:48
  Speaker 2: He was a minister, and he was a minister.
• 29:50
  Speaker 1: He was a minister, and he was a minister I'd
• 29:51
  Speaker 1: be a liar to say I was following everything the
• 29:54
  Speaker 1: president was telling me. But 7-7 is fundamentally a belief
• 29:58
  Speaker 1: system that mixes Catholicism with pre-Christian animist tradition.
• 30:05
  Speaker 4: I'd be very scared if I was you.
• 30:07
  Speaker 1: In keeping with the secretive nature of 7-7, all their
• 30:10
  Speaker 1: ceremonies take place after dark.
• 30:17
  Speaker 12: This is what Jose had told me about.
• 30:19
  Speaker 4: The magic powder, the.
• 30:20
  Speaker 1: Sacrifice, and the seven cuts to tie Mr. January's life
• 30:49
  Speaker 1: force to 7-7. It's the first time this ceremony has
• 30:53
  Speaker 1: been shown on television. It's easy to be dismissive of
• 31:08
  Speaker 1: 7-7's belief that they can be protected against everything, including bullets.
• 31:13
  Speaker 1: But when you spend 20-odd years fighting a superior force
• 31:16
  Speaker 1: like the Indonesians, a mythology like this would certainly help
• 31:21
  Speaker 1: to inspire the troops. Like PSHT, 7-7 claim to do
• 31:34
  Speaker 1: nothing more than act defensively against attacks by their rivals.
• 31:47
  Speaker 1: A senior member of 7-7 reads the pig's entrails to
• 31:51
  Speaker 1: see what the future holds. I just said that the
• 31:59
  Speaker 1: knife is as sharp as the owner and as bad.
• 32:01
  Speaker 4: As the owner.
• 32:06
  Speaker 1: So he's just said that the other side of the
• 32:09
  Speaker 1: liver sort of represents us and that we're clean, that
• 32:11
  Speaker 1: we're okay.
• 32:13
  Speaker 4: And we're good to be here, which is a bit
• 32:15
  Speaker 4: of a relief. This is a highly religious country.
• 32:26
  Speaker 1: The kids are also brought up here from an early
• 32:28
  Speaker 1: age to believe in ghosts and spirits. So it's not
• 32:31
  Speaker 1: that strange to find a gang that believes in both
• 32:33
  Speaker 1: animism and Catholicism. That said, some cuts in my arm
• 32:36
  Speaker 1: with some sacred mud rubbed into it and a pig
• 32:39
  Speaker 1: reading wouldn't convince me to take nine rounds in the chest.
• 32:42
  Speaker 1: Rumors rapidly become facts here. So a gang that's 30,000
• 32:46
  Speaker 1: strong that believes it's invincible has to be a force
• 32:49
  Speaker 1: to be reckoned with. I'd been in East Timor for
• 32:57
  Speaker 1: over a week and was growing used to the volatility
• 33:00
  Speaker 1: of life here. Now I was on my way to
• 33:03
  Speaker 1: Dili Hospital. Our fixer Maurizio had heard of a guy
• 33:07
  Speaker 1: who'd ended up there after being beaten up in a
• 33:10
  Speaker 1: gang attack.
• 33:12
  Speaker 4: Does he know why he was attacked?
• 33:13
  Speaker 11: He doesn't know.
• 33:16
  Speaker 2: Does he know how many people attacked him? He said
• 33:19
  Speaker 2: many people.
• 33:19
  Speaker 3: This is Mr. Dart.
• 33:24
  Speaker 4: I'm dressing his wound. They had to cut the dart out.
• 33:27
  Speaker 4: How was the dart in or did they pull it out?
• 33:29
  Speaker 9: They have to.
• 33:31
  Speaker 3: Do the surgery to remove the dart.
• 33:41
  Speaker 4: And they had more than one dart, and one dart
• 33:43
  Speaker 4: hit him, yeah? Yeah, one dart.
• 33:44
  Speaker 11: And then stones in his left face.
• 33:50
  Speaker 1: So his jaw's completely broken, that's why they've wired it together,
• 33:53
  Speaker 1: so he can't move it, so it's stabilized, yeah?
• 33:55
  Speaker 3: Yeah.
• 33:56
  Speaker 4: So they left him for dead, yeah? Yes. They thought
• 33:59
  Speaker 4: they killed him?
• 34:00
  Speaker 11: They thought they killed him and then they left him there.
• 34:02
  Speaker 4: He's very lucky, because he could have bled to death,
• 34:04
  Speaker 4: couldn't he?
• 34:04
  Speaker 6: Yeah.
• 34:06
  Speaker 4: Wish him well, yeah? Just say, I hope he has
• 34:08
  Speaker 4: a speedy recovery.
• 34:15
  Speaker 1: No one was willing to say what had caused the
• 34:17
  Speaker 1: attack on Mr. Duarte, but I noticed that the temperature
• 34:21
  Speaker 1: on the streets had been rising in line with the
• 34:24
  Speaker 1: political climate. The politics of East Timor are complex and
• 34:29
  Speaker 1: the gangs are heavily involved. I had been told that
• 34:33
  Speaker 1: power was the name of the game and political influence
• 34:36
  Speaker 1: is the ultimate goal. In 2005, Corker announced that they
• 34:41
  Speaker 1: were supporting one of the major parties, and other gangs
• 34:45
  Speaker 1: are known to have party political affiliations. But when I
• 34:49
  Speaker 1: went to visit PSHD again, Fortaggio seemed determined to play
• 34:54
  Speaker 1: the whole thing down. Your enemies say that you wield
• 34:59
  Speaker 1: significant political power in this country.
• 35:02
  Speaker 4: Is that true?
• 35:03
  Speaker 3: La Loz.
• 35:05
  Speaker 13: We have a lot of political and political leaders. We
• 35:10
  Speaker 13: have a lot of political leaders. We have a lot
• 35:13
  Speaker 13: of political leaders. We have a lot of political leaders.
• 35:18
  Speaker 13: We have a lot of political leaders.
• 35:46
  Speaker 1: I was getting used to gang members emphasising the passive
• 35:49
  Speaker 1: nature of their organisations. But the fact remains that Fotagio
• 35:53
  Speaker 1: is only standing in as head of PSHT because the
• 35:57
  Speaker 1: real leader is in jail on weapons charges. After his arrest,
• 36:02
  Speaker 1: PSHT's officers were destroyed by 7-7. Your actual president is
• 36:09
  Speaker 1: in prison at the moment. Can you tell me what
• 36:12
  Speaker 1: exactly happened?
• 36:13
  Speaker 3: I was arrested.
• 36:14
  Speaker 2: I was arrested. I was arrested. I was arrested. I
• 36:17
  Speaker 2: was arrested.
• 36:26
  Speaker 13: We are sad, but we understand the situation and the crisis.
• 36:28
  Speaker 13: We understand that we have to work. My time in
• 36:44
  Speaker 13: East Timor was drawing to an end. But to find
• 36:46
  Speaker 13: out more about the gang's political influence, I decided to
• 36:50
  Speaker 13: meet up once again with Jose.
• 36:53
  Speaker 6: It's part of the whole.
• 37:10
  Speaker 12: The whole beauty of it, I suppose, where you're not
• 37:12
  Speaker 12: really just dealing with the criminal underground here, you're dealing
• 37:14
  Speaker 12: with organisations which can reach into all levels of society.
• 37:18
  Speaker 12: Last year, the gangs were mainly a political tool for destabilisation.
• 37:23
  Speaker 4: They were used again as rent-a-crowd.
• 37:24
  Speaker 12: As rent-a-crowd, as foot soldiers, as protection for ministers, as
• 37:28
  Speaker 12: protection for opposition leaders.
• 37:31
  Speaker 4: If that's the case presently, what's the next step?
• 37:34
  Speaker 11: I mean, if.
• 37:36
  Speaker 12: At the moment, a lot of this violence has to
• 37:38
  Speaker 12: be controlled by the political leaders or political leads or
• 37:41
  Speaker 12: people that want to cause this. But as these gangs
• 37:46
  Speaker 12: grow in their numbers and they become more and more
• 37:50
  Speaker 12: proficient in what they.
• 37:51
  Speaker 2: Do, and as they lose their political backers, what are
• 37:53
  Speaker 2: they going to turn into? Are they just going to
• 37:55
  Speaker 2: go away? They're not just going to go away.
• 37:57
  Speaker 1: You don't create that situation and then expect to just
• 38:02
  Speaker 1: leave it.
• 38:02
  Speaker 2: It's a nefesta, isn't it?
• 38:06
  Speaker 1: Concerns about the gang problem here go right to the top.
• 38:09
  Speaker 1: President Ramos Horta convened a meeting with the gangs last
• 38:12
  Speaker 1: year to try and broker a truce.
• 38:14
  Speaker 4: Now he's agreed to talk to us.
• 38:19
  Speaker 1: The president is a Nobel Peace Prize winner, but it
• 38:22
  Speaker 1: seems even he'd lost patience with the gangs.
• 38:25
  Speaker 9: I was very angry. I said, you know, you are disgraced.
• 38:29
  Speaker 9: Your attitude has made martial arts synonymous with crime. I
• 38:34
  Speaker 9: told them, here in these four rooms, I'm going to
• 38:39
  Speaker 9: leave and you people can, you will stay on and talk.
• 38:46
  Speaker 9: If you want to kill each other, help yourselves. You
• 38:49
  Speaker 9: do it, kill yourself here. On the other hand, if
• 38:53
  Speaker 9: you want to engage in dialogue, talk rationally with each
• 38:57
  Speaker 9: other and be of service to your own country, well,
• 39:02
  Speaker 9: you have a chance. I'll come back a few hours
• 39:04
  Speaker 9: from now. either I'll find some of you dead or
• 39:08
  Speaker 9: you have reached some agreement. I was told that when
• 39:11
  Speaker 9: I left, they started talking to each other and they cried.
• 39:15
  Speaker 4: They were embarrassed.
• 39:17
  Speaker 9: And they signed that document, which, you know, but some
• 39:23
  Speaker 9: of them, till today, they have attempted to behave, but
• 39:28
  Speaker 9: among the seven groups that signed, the document, a few
• 39:32
  Speaker 9: of them, a few hours later or two, three days later,
• 39:36
  Speaker 9: started violating that very agreement they signed.
• 39:38
  Speaker 1: How much political influence do you think these martial arts
• 39:42
  Speaker 1: groups or gangs or movements.
• 39:46
  Speaker 4: wield politically in the country? And is that a concern
• 39:48
  Speaker 4: for you?
• 39:49
  Speaker 9: No, they do not have a political influence as such.
• 39:56
  Speaker 9: One major martial arts group called Korka, they are formally
• 40:04
  Speaker 9: affiliated with the largest political party here. But this particular
• 40:10
  Speaker 9: group is one of those that I met and Many
• 40:15
  Speaker 9: of the meetings I have had with them, I was
• 40:18
  Speaker 9: very blunt, very robust with them, and they have behaved.
• 40:23
  Speaker 9: If and when the government is ready to really kick-start
• 40:29
  Speaker 9: the economy with major investments and spread the wealth in
• 40:33
  Speaker 9: the city, particularly rebuilding housing for the poor, most of
• 40:38
  Speaker 9: these people will gradually disappear into the mainstream.
• 40:48
  Speaker 1: But within hours of our interview, President Porter's optimism began
• 40:52
  Speaker 1: to seem misplaced. His announcement of a new government led
• 40:57
  Speaker 1: to an explosion of violence. Seven Seven's political allies were
• 41:01
  Speaker 1: the losers and their supporters in the IDP camp near
• 41:04
  Speaker 1: our hotel quickly.
• 41:06
  Speaker 4: Took to the streets. These guys from the right of me,
• 41:14
  Speaker 4: the guys.
• 41:14
  Speaker 1: That have just been throwing rocks and setting fire to
• 41:18
  Speaker 1: the tires. The army have just got up, the New
• 41:20
  Speaker 1: Zealand Army and GNR.
• 41:22
  Speaker 4: They've put the.
• 41:22
  Speaker 1: Tires out, but they're still ready to go, as you
• 41:24
  Speaker 1: can see.
• 41:25
  Speaker 4: They're not very happy about us filming them.
• 41:27
  Speaker 1: This is exactly what we've been told about all the
• 41:29
  Speaker 1: time that we've been here. And it's very easy here
• 41:32
  Speaker 1: to get a full sense of security.
• 41:35
  Speaker 4: People are very, very friendly. They're very, very happy to
• 41:37
  Speaker 4: see you. They smile and then... something, something very small,
• 41:41
  Speaker 4: something very large in this case.
• 41:42
  Speaker 1: A new prime minister, has triggered off the violence.
• 41:46
  Speaker 4: As I say, they've put the tires out now. We'll
• 41:48
  Speaker 4: see if it escalates.
• 41:50
  Speaker 1: But everyone around here is saying it's going to be
• 41:51
  Speaker 1: a very long night tonight, and it will spontaneously click
• 41:55
  Speaker 1: off at different points through Dili for the next 24 hours.
• 42:09
  Speaker 1: As the IGP camp appeared to be calming down, violence
• 42:12
  Speaker 1: fled up in another part of Dili.
• 42:15
  Speaker 4: Are you all.
• 42:17
  Speaker 10: Right?
• 42:21
  Speaker 11: Yeah, you just want to wait over beer or you
• 42:25
  Speaker 11: might get puked.
• 42:26
  Speaker 2: Really?
• 42:26
  Speaker 4: Is that bad?
• 42:27
  Speaker 2: You'll be all right.
• 42:31
  Speaker 1: Once again, it was a game of cat and mouse
• 42:33
  Speaker 1: between the heavily armed peacekeepers and the rioters, who quickly
• 42:38
  Speaker 1: melted away.
• 42:38
  Speaker 6: We're down at the front there.
• 42:49
  Speaker 4: The fire tear gassed and the wind's changed.
• 42:51
  Speaker 2: So we've just.
• 42:53
  Speaker 6: Gassed, we gassed.
• 42:56
  Speaker 4: Everyone's backing off.
• 42:57
  Speaker 2: It hasn't got gas masks.
• 42:58
  Speaker 4: They're coming back this way.
• 43:22
  Speaker 1: As night fell, we got reports of fires being started.
• 43:32
  Speaker 1: We mentioned before how arson is used in this country
• 43:36
  Speaker 1: by gangs and by people who are unhappy. This was
• 43:41
  Speaker 1: a place where many of the records for the country
• 43:43
  Speaker 1: were kept, and as of tonight, the place doesn't exist anymore.
• 43:48
  Speaker 4: I think we should go.
• 44:03
  Speaker 1: That night, Dili went to sleep with parts of the
• 44:05
  Speaker 1: city in flames. And by the next morning, arsonists had
• 44:09
  Speaker 1: set light to a building right opposite our neighbouring IDP camp.
• 44:48
  Speaker 1: When the Indonesian occupiers built the statue of Christ the
• 44:51
  Speaker 1: King in 1995, many of the Timorese said that Jesus
• 44:55
  Speaker 1: looked out to sea because he couldn't bear to look
• 44:57
  Speaker 1: upon what was happening in East Timor. Well, now the
• 44:59
  Speaker 1: occupiers have gone, but so many other problems still remain.
• 45:02
  Speaker 4: And at the root of most of them is the
• 45:05
  Speaker 4: country's gang culture. This place has such potential, but.
• 45:08
  Speaker 1: If it's ever to be realized, something has to be
• 45:10
  Speaker 1: done about the poverty and the unemployment here. Otherwise, East
• 45:14
  Speaker 1: Timor will turn into just another gangster's paradise.