Latest / SHULCHAN ARUCH YOMI: Own the Halacha in 25 minutes a day! / Yoreh De’ah 234:44-54. Vows: Annulling, How, Upholding and Revoking
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- 0:00Reish la medalid hokos nadarian. We are continuing today with
- 0:05Memdalid. See if Mandalid really mem Gimel
- 0:07and mandalid go quite together. Just a quick question.
- 0:10We learned before to do it hafara right?
- 0:13If you want to do hafara to annul or revoke the nether, what
- 0:18do you say? Mufar We ready to read Mufar 3
- 0:22times, Batzel 3 times. What happens if you only said it
- 0:26once? Does it matter if you say it
- 0:27three times? So we learned also by Hattaras
- 0:31Nidarian where we said it Mako, we also said three times over
- 0:35there and Alaka's the same. It's simple.
- 0:37You only need to say it once. The dintara is you only have to
- 0:42say it once. And Miderabanam, they only said
- 0:45you should say it three times, like to be the Kazakh Indian to
- 0:50strengthen, make it a little bit more, a little more exciting.
- 0:55So they're just saying it once, you say it three times.
- 0:57And Malaysia Kazaka, right? We have makudash.
- 1:00Makudash for the well, that's twice, but whatever.
- 1:02You do it more than once. But that's only Derabana.
- 1:05Fine. And even me, Derabana.
- 1:07And it's fine if you only say it once.
- 1:09OK, Now where we are armed, OK, Amarilla devas akas mandalich.
- 1:18You say to her one time. Kiyem umofar Lehi, you are Kim
- 1:26and Mufar. I am Mikayam and I'm doing
- 1:28hafarah at the same time. Aim Khan Aloha Kama velohafarah.
- 1:33If you say both at the same time, and presumably we're
- 1:38assuming the case is you have in mind for it to both Hal at the
- 1:42same time. Don't ask me Hal.
- 1:44But that's the case. So nothing is Hal and you can
- 1:48still do hakama, you can still do hafarah, you can still uphold
- 1:51it or revoke it. It makes no difference if the
- 1:54case is you meant to correct yourself and of course the
- 1:59correction toku de dibor works. And if you had no intention to
- 2:03say it at all and it was a complete mistake and stoma
- 2:05didn't didn't count the first time, OK, The Hagar is OSHA
- 2:10amarilla kiyam leiki U mufar vivas akhas or you say the
- 2:15expression kiyam and mufar. Also, as long as you say it,
- 2:19that it's called at the same time, you didn't say anything.
- 2:23That's how the it's a question. The kumara, there's an answer in
- 2:26the kumara. So that's how the shalkhanarak
- 2:28paskins. But Haram Bami points out he
- 2:32understands the Kumar a little differently.
- 2:34And the mascana there is no, no, it's hare ZE kiyam.
- 2:38It's as if you were makayam. That's the halakhal, the
- 2:41shalkhanarak, 'cause you can still go back, ma'am.
- 2:43Hey, Amar Allah, he says to her, Kiyam Lehi hai yam hare ZE kiyam
- 2:51lo olam. If you now mem hate and mem
- 2:54khatt, just know those are 4 cases lined up in the Gemara
- 2:58where they're all questions with no real answer.
- 3:00The Gemara is not sure what the answer is.
- 3:02They're all questions. And so the question is, how do
- 3:05you paskin with one after another And it goes in team seal
- 3:07Omar look wholly. So in general, without getting
- 3:11too much into it, the rush paskins by all of them, It's a
- 3:14it's a Suffolk. So you go to Gomra and they're
- 3:18all they all have a Dinova Suffolk.
- 3:23Generally we say they're Macuilliam.
- 3:25You can't undo them. The round bomb holds by all of
- 3:29them. There is an answer and that that
- 3:32they're all Macuilliam except the last one was his general
- 3:35rules. When you say the M team Salomar,
- 3:37that's coming to the answer that to remove the Suffolk, that's
- 3:42just the general Mahalik. And since the last of the ones
- 3:45doesn't have the M team Salomar, that's the only one that's left
- 3:48with a Suffolk. So let's just read the read it
- 3:51inside in the Chauhanar. So the first case we just had
- 3:55was she is you say to her you're being Mackayimit, but you didn't
- 4:00say just I'm upholding it, period.
- 4:03You added the word for today. So the question is, does that
- 4:07mean you're really doing a Kiyom for today?
- 4:11But how far for the future? The answer is no.
- 4:16We say it's a kiyom fine then vav Amar la mufar leki lamachar
- 4:22ain't no mufar. Now if what if he tells her that
- 4:26you're I'm doing or again, she doesn't have to be there when
- 4:28you do it, but whatever tell her you're mufar or you say it's 3 *
- 4:361 time. We said OK, but you see you add
- 4:39the words lamachar for tomorrow. So what does that do?
- 4:44Does that mean by saying that you are also, we say it by
- 4:49definition you are also saying you're Makai Amit for today.
- 4:53So that's question how we pass them.
- 4:56The Gemara has the question, take it back.
- 4:59The Shakhanar says anal mufar. Then if you say Mufar for
- 5:05tomorrow, then it's you can no longer do then that doesn't
- 5:09count for Hafara for tomorrow. And also you have to, yeah, but
- 5:14here you are saying it today, but you're making it to be
- 5:17called for tomorrow. So that's anyway.
- 5:20So that's the question in the Gumar or part of the question.
- 5:24I think the main question though is not that.
- 5:26Can you not do that? I don't know if the Gumar has a
- 5:28problem with that. It's that when you say only for
- 5:31tomorrow, well, I don't know if we have a technicality problem
- 5:35because you're doing the hafara today.
- 5:37We learned already you are allowed to do kiyum and hafara
- 5:41bemictas. You can choose, you can cut, you
- 5:44can, you know, cut and shape. What am I trying to say?
- 5:47You can pick and choose on the day for what it counts for.
- 5:51I don't. I am assuming it also, but I am
- 5:54Shamanda Gumar. I'm assuming that's that's not
- 5:57the problem. The only the real issue is when
- 5:59you're doing that for tomorrow in this case, does that mean
- 6:02you're being Makayam for today? And but OK, I I hear OK, so then
- 6:10the the haggah. So it says so it says a no
- 6:13Mufar. And if it says a no mufar, what
- 6:16does that mean You didn't do on Hafarah?
- 6:19Can you still do can you still do Kiyom?
- 6:22Can you still do Hafarah according to the shalkhanar?
- 6:25So that listen, the Rama writes haga, the yeesh omrim, they have
- 6:31a kiyum. So the Rama says, and some say
- 6:34that's also a kiyum. By saying mufar for tomorrow,
- 6:39that's a by definition, we're saying that's a kiyum for today.
- 6:44And that kiyum stands and you can't, you can't do Afara
- 6:47tomorrow because tomorrow's too late.
- 6:49I'll, I'll leave your point as a, as a, as a, as a question
- 6:52mark. But anyways, so the Rama holds
- 6:56by stewing Mufar Lehi Lomachar, that itself is a kiyum now.
- 7:01And you can't even now do Hafarah anymore, even for
- 7:08tomorrow. It's too late.
- 7:09And because that's considered a proper, the proper kiyum with a
- 7:14period and you once you do a kiyum, you can't undo the hafara
- 7:19afterwards. Now the Rama writes the Yesh
- 7:23omrim, so usually that means he is arguing.
- 7:26So he holds the Rama presumably holds that according to the Shah
- 7:31Kanak, it's not a hafara and it's not a kiyum.
- 7:34And you can still go back and do whatever you want.
- 7:36You can redo another Hafara, you can redo another Kiyum and but
- 7:42OK, but the Taz writes but the can't be because it's a VH
- 7:49omrim. He writes Lodak that the Rama
- 7:52wasn't correct, wasn't careful how he wrote the words, and he
- 7:56wasn't being Medaktik in his lashon.
- 7:58And really there's no Mahlokis that Taz points out that the
- 8:02Shokanar, just like the Rambam hold that it's also a Kiyum son
- 8:08of Mahlokis. And the Bass Yosef says that
- 8:10himself seems to be and the Gras writes that that's what's what's
- 8:14the Ferish. And the Bass Yosef, you can look
- 8:16it up seems to be from the from the Rambam as well.
- 8:20Just interesting. Then the kudos Kesseff, the
- 8:23Shah, he writes, it's interesting.
- 8:27He was no, no, the Taz la dak, but the Rama was Dak.
- 8:32I don't understand the Shah but because the Bass Yosef himself
- 8:36agrees with the Taz and anyways. But anyways it's a more focused
- 8:43on how to understand the shalkhanara.
- 8:45But the the base Yosef himself who wrote it, the TA's and the
- 8:50Gras are on one side against the Shah.
- 8:54OK, let's go on to mem Zine. Amarla kiyam Lehi Shah akas the
- 9:02avar hayom the law hafar razer kiyom all right, another another
- 9:07similar type of case where he said he's in the chi amid only
- 9:11for one hour and then the day passes and then and he didn't do
- 9:18hafarah after an hour, I raised the keel.
- 9:23So the lacha is that counts as a proper keel.
- 9:26And now the real reason why he can no longer do a Farah in this
- 9:33case is because the day passed, like you said, could only do
- 9:36Hafarah the same day that you find out after the Kiyam.
- 9:41He could have still done Hafarah, but he didn't.
- 9:43But he could have because he only did Kiyam.
- 9:47He specifically specifically said I'm upholding it for one
- 9:50hour when that hour happens. After that hour, he could have
- 9:54still done Hafarah. The fetish over here question
- 9:58Kamara. The fetish over here is that you
- 10:01may have thought maybe by by doing Kiyam for one hour
- 10:05automatically that is a hafara for the second hour.
- 10:10We don't say that. You didn't say that, so it
- 10:12doesn't happen. You could say I'm Makayam for
- 10:14one hour and then I'm doing Afara for the second hour and
- 10:19onward Mehmet for one hour. When that hour passes, Amar al
- 10:27mufar. Well, what I said is partially
- 10:32true. That's this.
- 10:33That's the next question. Now that hour passed, a person
- 10:39is in the kayam for one hour. OK, What happens after the hour,
- 10:44right? Presumably what I said is
- 10:46correct. If you said it at one time for
- 10:49the first hour, it's key on the second hour is hafara.
- 10:51Again, it's a discussion I in the run and others, but we'll
- 10:55assume that that'll work here. You broke it up.
- 10:59You just said kiyum for one hour.
- 11:02The hour passed and now you wanted to do hafara.
- 11:06You said hafara after that hour passed.
- 11:09It wasn't at the same, you didn't say both sentences at the
- 11:11same time, right? Because we learned you a lot of
- 11:14pick and choose a little bit. But here you did a proper kiyum
- 11:17you for one hour period, then the hour passes and now you come
- 11:21to do hafara. So the Gemara has a suffix and
- 11:24that's the and this is the final of the four.
- 11:26And everybody agrees that Haraisa suffik unless everyone
- 11:30who reads the suffik, what's the dim?
- 11:32So in other words, well, because once you do hakama, it could be
- 11:36you can no longer do hafara anymore.
- 11:39It's just a just like a, a definition or like a, a clow
- 11:43that there's just that's, that's the question.
- 11:46Is there such a clow in the Torah and Khazal don't know once
- 11:49you do a comma and one day on the same day, can you also do
- 11:54hafara when you're doing it, you can pick and choose, but once
- 11:58you did it already, if you do, it could be in one day.
- 12:02You're only allowed to do 1. You don't have an the
- 12:05authorization to do twice. You don't have the power, the
- 12:08jurisdiction to do it twice. That's the Suffolk.
- 12:11So therefore we have to we have to treat it like maybe it was
- 12:15Mccleum and the husband can no longer do hafara as median
- 12:19Suffolk. If you want to undo it, she has
- 12:22to do it. Hataris Nidarim and that's it.
- 12:26And if if he does do afara and she violates it, then she didn't
- 12:31violate a love and we don't punish her as if she violated a
- 12:34love because we don't know. Again, it's a dent of a Suffolk
- 12:37in all directions. OK, let's go on to the next
- 12:40halacha. Mem tete amekaya nidre once.
- 12:44Yeah, amekaya nidre bito or ishto.
- 12:47Now what happens if a man or a a father, a husband?
- 12:51It is Mikaya, then niche and now he regrets that he was he upheld
- 12:57Hernande. He takes he wants to go back in
- 13:00time. I raised the Nisha Lakham.
- 13:02You could go back in time per se.
- 13:05You go to the Hakam Umat your lo hakama to and you retroactively
- 13:10right. We learned the we're going to
- 13:12see this again. Generally speaking, the father
- 13:15and the husband, they can only sever it or revoke it from now
- 13:18on forward. If you go to a base din or you
- 13:22can revoke it that you do Hatara and null it all the way from
- 13:25back in time, Llama Freya. So you can undo your hakama,
- 13:30Umatilla, Hakama. Tell the hose there umafrilla
- 13:36and you can now do Hafara and you have to do hafara though the
- 13:41same day that you do the Hashallah, the same day that you
- 13:46undo the hakama, you have to do the the hafara because the day
- 13:53that you undo it, that's like your day of Shamia.
- 13:56That's your first day. And you only get one day.
- 13:58Now, according to this opinion, you can, you're allowed to go
- 14:03back. You can, you're allowed to let's
- 14:05say on day one he hears about it and he does the kiln a day
- 14:09later, a week later, whenever it happens, he can now go back and
- 14:15do a do a Tara Atara Rashallah on the on his Kiyun and his
- 14:21upholding, even though it happened a week ago.
- 14:25And then that is his new first day.
- 14:28Yeah, they start the time again. That's also if you're not sure
- 14:32and you want to buy yourself time, this could be a, a way to
- 14:35give yourself an extension on the Yom Hashmiya, right?
- 14:40If you're not sure you want to cancel it, either you cancel it
- 14:44and let her make another Ned there in a week.
- 14:46And when you guys, when the couple thinks about it, so the
- 14:49father and the daughter has time to think about it.
- 14:51Or, or you can do Kiyum today, which is like you're, you're not
- 14:57sure if you want to live out. So instead of being quiet, you
- 14:59actually uphold it. And then you can buy time as you
- 15:03can always do Atara Hashalla on the Kiyum a week a year later.
- 15:07All right, just an, an interesting scenario and right,
- 15:13that becomes your young because for that entire period of time,
- 15:18once you did the Kiyum, you're not able to do Hafara.
- 15:21So we had a similar situation. Whenever you're not able to do a
- 15:24Fara or you don't think you're allowed to do a Fara, your first
- 15:28state doesn't start. So that's that same, that same
- 15:31principle. OK, let's finish the sea of all
- 15:36IM Heifer love and Nikhum, right.
- 15:42Once you do have Farah and you, you want to Yeah, you feel bad.
- 15:46You did have Farah and you want to go back on the Hafarah.
- 15:52That's impossible. You could only go back and do
- 15:54Attara on a Kiyum. You can't go back and do it on
- 15:57Hafarah, OK? In other words, there's no way
- 16:01to restart that Ned there unless she re repeats that Ned there
- 16:05and says it again. The yeesh Omrin.
- 16:08Now this is a yeesh Omrin opinion.
- 16:10That shena Yahoo le chahala come ella byom hashmiya.
- 16:14This opinion holds right. Presumably the first opinion is
- 16:19the Ikarla halakha. Certainly according to the
- 16:23Shalhana, we'll see the Rama's opinion in momentarily.
- 16:27And so this opinion says the it's not really a din in the
- 16:33Kiyom, it's a din in the Hafarah.
- 16:36The we, we learned the Hafarah has to be on the day you hear
- 16:39and this opinion holds. You can't, there's there's no,
- 16:44you can't restart the clock or there's, you can't hold time in
- 16:49place. That time moves on and that even
- 16:53though you do Hashalla, you undo the Kiyom.
- 16:56So fine, you would be technically able to do Hafara as
- 17:00you could undo it, but if it happens on a different day, then
- 17:03you missed your chance because Hafara could only be on the day.
- 17:07Then you physically hear it for the first time.
- 17:09You don't get this extra OK, this extra time extension.
- 17:15All right, So it's really a din in the Hafara that it has to be
- 17:18on that same day. It's not really the key of
- 17:20itself is not really the issue. OK Hagga now the Rama rights
- 17:24vyesh lahakhmar kiswar Rona. We should be like this second
- 17:30opinion viatir lahakham gamkin and therefore assume it's too
- 17:37late and just do a taras nidarium with the woman herself
- 17:41right? It could be the Rama would be
- 17:44Mika like the Shahanarak as well.
- 17:47Presumably he would be be shot at if it's important and there's
- 17:50no way to do ataris nadar none amarala kiya maki shne palmi
- 17:55vinisha al arishan Khal Hashini. OK, what happens if he does a
- 17:59comma? He does kiyom and he tells her
- 18:03it does it, says it twice in a row.
- 18:05Is Makayama twice in a row saying I'm Makayama, I'm
- 18:09upholding your nether. And he says those words twice.
- 18:13And then he does Hashallah Tara on the first time on the first
- 18:19Kiyom. So then that uproots the first
- 18:21one. But he said it twice.
- 18:23So now the second one is still Khal and it's still upheld.
- 18:29OK, unless you do unless you do Hashalla on both of them.
- 18:34No, no Aisha Shah Nadra, the heat piece Akher benadaria.
- 18:40OK, so we had this similar situation when it came to Ataris
- 18:43Nadaram. So now we're we're here in the
- 18:47and the Simon about doing Hafarah.
- 18:49So it's a little bit different. A woman makes a nether and
- 18:54someone else next to her here is the nether and says that's fun.
- 18:58I like that idea. Or, you know, I need an oven for
- 19:01something. I want to take upon a nether,
- 19:02whatever it is. And he and and this person
- 19:06listening is Matfis Akha is Matfis benaderea.
- 19:13And basically what does she say? She goes, she hears it and she
- 19:16goes, I need Komota. I'm like you or I'm copied you.
- 19:20I'm going to make the same leather as you.
- 19:22You say it's some kind of a lush on like that.
- 19:24I'm doing the same as making the same leather as you or Shavua or
- 19:33she makes another on this key car and then someone else is
- 19:37listening and is and says I'm making the same leather on that
- 19:42key car, just like you on his thing.
- 19:46But just like your kikar, the Hafer la haba.
- 19:50And now comes the husband or the father of the first lady.
- 19:55So he could do Afara to her, but this other lady or man has
- 20:00nothing to do with this father. They're not related.
- 20:05So then so whatever the the father, the husband does Hafara.
- 20:10So of course it works for her, right?
- 20:11We're talking about a normal case where it works.
- 20:14So he moved Teret. But this is the fetish of the
- 20:16case, the Hamat pispa ASA. But the one who does The Who
- 20:22copied the the this lady, he's that person.
- 20:26Man or woman is stuck with the answer because they're not here.
- 20:31Let me read it inside. She aina valve of Okri mananda
- 20:34me Caro right. This is the principle you
- 20:38mentioned that a father and a husband when they do have fara,
- 20:42it's from here on in it's not retroactive.
- 20:46So they're they are doing they're doing it O cream.
- 20:49They're uprooting it only from right now and onward.
- 20:53They're not uprooting uprooting it back in time.
- 20:56OK, then bet najrahi vahitpis BA ha BA al O of what happens if
- 21:06she makes the nether, right? She makes the nether and the
- 21:09husband listens and he goes, oh, I'm going to copy her.
- 21:12The husband or the father copies his wife or daughter and says
- 21:16I'm doing the same, that they're just like you.
- 21:18So shuve enam Yuholi mahaffir, they're no longer able to do
- 21:23hafarah because they heard about it and they added themselves to
- 21:29her by doing that. They have a kiyum.
- 21:34They obviously you liked it because you're copying them.
- 21:37So we say that that itself is a kiyum and can't be undone.
- 21:41Another who of the he it's peace of of southern.
- 21:44Another who the he it's peace about he makes another, she
- 21:49copies him. Mayfair, Shalava, Shalaya.
- 21:55So it's he made it. She copies him.
- 21:59She made the she copied him after.
- 22:02So he had not he he didn't say anything afterwards yet.
- 22:08So he has complete jurisdiction to the do a comma or Hafarah on
- 22:14hers and his even if he's made for his hers, he can't undo his
- 22:20he can. No, no man can can do a Farah on
- 22:23his own. OK, one more noon dollar.
- 22:26Not not darling Otsmo, the Hadira Kimoto.
- 22:29He makes another for himself and the Hadira and and also to his
- 22:35wife, or to this right, to the daughter of the wife, the Gamar
- 22:39Bulibo. The hadira he has in mind.
- 22:41He wants her to take on that nether, right?
- 22:45He's making the nether for him and he's making the nether for
- 22:48her, the Amara Amin, and she says Amin.
- 22:51So again, he chose to make the nether for her and she answered
- 22:56Amin. So by her answering Amin, it
- 22:58became binding, right? A man cannot force the nether
- 23:01onto his wife or daughter unless it's his own object that we're
- 23:04dealing with. But normally speaking, a man can
- 23:07never, this is important. A man can never make a nether or
- 23:10a Shua for his daughter or wife. They can.
- 23:13They have the right to do a Farah but not to make the
- 23:17Nether. So she answers Amain.
- 23:19So it's Khal. And now Hare is a any akala
- 23:22Hafar. But because he initiated and
- 23:24wanted it, that's like he was a Makayamit and he can no longer
- 23:27do a Farah, the IM nadar, the hedira Dara shayla.
- 23:32But if he made another for himself and then he didn't make
- 23:36her do the nadir. He asked her if she wants to
- 23:39make another. He said it as an option for her
- 23:43to opt in or not opt out. So it was a Derek, I believe,
- 23:49but to know if she wants to or not, right.
- 23:51He verbalized it for her only if she wants it.
- 23:54He wasn't asking her to do it. So that's not akil kegon shamar
- 23:58allaha tirzi Benedder's Ed. Do you want a copy of my nether
- 24:02Liotta Kamoti to be like mine? Oh, oh lo or not the Amara amain
- 24:07and she says yes, I raised. So then it becomes of binding on
- 24:12her because she made the nether by saying yes, but he never
- 24:16stated and pushed the nether on her.
- 24:19He asked it to her. So therefore that's not called
- 24:23the Kum and Hareza Maefrella. He still has the right to do how
- 24:26Farah Kate said. We're just going to say it again
- 24:29real quick with the explanation, with the example Amarilla, he
- 24:32says to her, Hareni Nazir viat, I'm a Nazir and so are you
- 24:38Klomar Vyat Nazira Kamoti, and I'm making you a Nazir just like
- 24:42me. So again, he can't make her a
- 24:45Nazir, but he can state and wish for her to be a Nazir the AMR
- 24:49Amin. But if she says Amin, then she's
- 24:51making herself a Nazir and he wanted it right.
- 24:54He just said so. So then any of Yahoolla Hafila,
- 24:58he's no longer can do it. That's automatic kill Almar
- 25:02Allah. But if he said to her hareni
- 25:04nazar, listen, I'm becoming a nazar uma, tell me and what do
- 25:09you say at Nazira Kamodi? You want to be a nazar like me?
- 25:12So then the Almar Amin, if she says yes, it's khal on her, it's
- 25:16binding on her, arreza yafir. But you can still do alfara VM
- 25:20hafar Allah shalo. And if he does hareza yafir veim
- 25:26hafar Allah and if he does do hafarah onto hers, so then
- 25:31shaloh afar Allah shaloh batal shazaki Misha tala nidro de
- 25:39nidra. So this is interesting.
- 25:42Then he says if he does so, he has jurisdiction to undo hers.
- 25:46And if he undoes hers, his also becomes battel.
- 25:50Because in this case he was told of his own neder on her neder
- 25:54and amaralo if he told her she told him Irani Nazira the act
- 26:00I'm becoming a Nazir and you also I want you to be a Nazir
- 26:03with me, the Amra Amin and he says yes in the Yahoo Lahafir.
- 26:08You can no longer do it because you verbally that that counts as
- 26:12his kiyom.