Latest / Made of Stars / Maybe It's Just Rocket Lag

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Maybe It's Just Rocket Lag · Made of Stars

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Warning. The following podcast contains an entertaining look at astronomy, physics, and
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space news throughout the known universe. Listeners have been known to learn about astronomical
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phenomenon, the scientific method, and expanded vocabulary to include terms like quasar,
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asterism and uranus. Listen, that's your own risk. Go ahead. When
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made of stars, made them stars, madies. When made of stars,
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you could be from high they would New Mexicomus, where all stars? When
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we are made of stars. Joined by my good friend doctor Sean Cruisin from
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col State University's Coca Cola Space Science Center. I'm Wes Carol. Hey Sean,
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Hey Wes. Good to be here today. Before we get started into
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the meet of the show, if you will, I just want to mention
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this quickly. We have some folks that are supporting us on Patreon, Patreon,
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dot com, slash Wes Carol, and we have a new supporters club
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through the Spreaker app, which is another way that you can support the show.
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You're also supporting the show just by listening, and we appreciate that.
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However, we are working on providing some exclusive content for folks that are subscribers
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and supporters of the show whether they're on Patreon or through this supporters app that
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goes through a spreaker. If that's where you happen to be listening, we
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do have a show for you this week that is exclusive to our supporters,
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and if you are a subscriber, you should have a link for it.
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Whether it's through Patreon or through the spreaker app, you should be able to
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see show where I'm going to talk about something that I saw over the weekend
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that's mysterious and unexplained thus far, and Sean will do his best to trying
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to explain exactly what it was that I saw in the sky. I don't
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know what it was as far as I'm concerned. It's unidentified. That's all
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that I'm comfortable saying about it. Now we jump into the show we'll start
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this week. It's a looking back at a story we've been talking about now
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for a little while, especially heavily in the last couple of weeks, and
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let's talk about Odysseus and the fact that it is going to sleep. Odysseus
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is the Nova Sea Lander. That's a class of lander built by a company
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called Intuitive Machines out of Houston, Texas and Yes, the US made its
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first landing on the Moon in fifty years. But unfortunately, during the landing
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Odysseus, the Nova Sea Lander broke its leg. And now we have photos
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that show the leg from the actual lander itself. It took kind of selfies
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of its lower sections and you can actually see the broken leg as this thing's
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coming down and making contact, which is why the somewhat tall and skinny Nova
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Sea Lander ended up laying on its side. I would just like to take
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this opportunity to say I'm not sure that tall and skinny moonlanders are even a
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good idea, but okay, I wasn't at the design meetings. So here
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we go. There is a now lander from Intuitive Machines laying sideways on the
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surface of the Moon. Looks like the broken leg was the main problem.
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That might mean it hit just harder than it needed to, and that was
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something that was being speculated in a press conference that was given yesterday. As
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we're recording the show, that's Wednesday, February twenty eighth. That's yesterday here,
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as this vehicle came in, probably broke the leg on a hard landing,
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so says NASA and the executives of Intuitive Machines giving a joint press conference's
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at the Johnson Space Center just yesterday. So the CEO of the company,
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a gentleman by the name of Steve Altimus. By the way, cool name,
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create a rocket company ceo. Wow, Steve Altimus, what comic book
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did they do? Anyway? All right, So Steve Altimus was talking to
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reporters and said this quote. We're going to leave the computers and the power
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system in place where we can wake it up and do this development test objectively,
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to actually try to ping it with an antenna and see if we can
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wake it up once it gets power again. So the reason Steve Altimus gave
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this quote is because the way that that nova cea lander called Odysseus, is
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laying is not getting sun at the moment with the current sun angle near the
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south pole of the Moon, which is a tough place to get sun anyway.
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However, in about three weeks, the sun is going to realign,
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as the Moon does actually both orbit the Earth and rotate on zaxis, the
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Sun is going to realign with that portion of the south pole to where this
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vehicle could in fact get enough sunlight to repower it. So we might have
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just a sleeping spacecraft and not a dead spacecraft. We just did this story.
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Yeah, I think we unfortunately made a bad reference last week. And
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for our regular listeners, you know, you can strike it's not our first
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it's not our first bad reference. You can strike it up to our silly
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way that we perform the show. But we called it a dead spacecraft,
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right, it's dead. This thing's dead. Well, it's not dead.
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It's in hibernation mode because it's not getting enough sunlight to power its instruments.
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However, with the changing sun angle near that south pole, it could in
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about three weeks time get enough sunlight to repower and steam Ultimus says they're going
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to try to repower that thing in about three weeks, so, so it
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might not be the end of intuitive machines. I am one mission with an
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Odysseus Lander. It could just be that it's on hold for a bit because
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of a broken leg and an unfortunate body posture. I've made trips to Australia
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to and fro many many times, and jet lag is a real thing,
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and I would think rocket lag would be a really real thing. So just
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give the thing a chance to take a nap. Because sometimes after you've done,
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you know, a thirty six hour trip, you know, from the
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States to Australia, people don't, yeah, let's go, let's go look
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at things, let's go have a meal. And I just want to take
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a nap, you know, I want to try to just rest a little
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bit. And I think a perfectly valid excuse the next time you find yourself
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in this jet lag situation is just say, hey, I think I've broken
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my leg. I'm gonna lay down for a while. That would work.
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It's a different spelling, by the way, and I had to look and
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verify, because I was pretty sure. I don't want to blow up my
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nerd cred or anything. But it's spelled differently. It's spelled with a you.
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But and I know this is a video show. But this is Marvel's
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Ultimus, the brother of Thanos, So there you go. It is a
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comic book name. So yeah, I mean so, I don't know Steve.
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I don't know that he didn't change his name to somehow reference the brother
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of Thanos. I don't know these things. I can either confirm nor deny.
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Now I don't know if Thanos's brother's name is Steve. But the the
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ultimist part is there. I mean, that would be a weird coincidence to
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go with it. It would be strange. All right, let's talk about
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whether and effects on launches, But apparently it has an effect on some launches
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but not all launches. Is that how this works? Yeah? So,
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I mean SpaceX is just different. We know this and whether stops some rocket
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company but not SpaceX apparently. It just it just feels that way. You
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can't stop them. You can only hope to contain them. And that what
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they say about Michael george Y. It's a lot like you know, some
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quarterback who wears red in the Super Bowl. Yeah, yeah, I'm going
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to try to just contain them anyway. So yeah, so SpaceX scheduled to
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fly a very important mission tomorrow, which was the SpaceX, the NASA SpaceX
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Crew eight mission up to the International Space Station. And they have the astronauts
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already down at Kennedy Space Center. They're already for that launch. We're gonna
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talk about that particular mission next week. So I'm not going to go too
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far into the Crew eight mission because actually it was scrubbed and it's not gonna
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launch until Saturday. But then when they find out SpaceX kind of glances that
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they're I don't know if they're glancing at you know, like the they have
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like one of those old fashioned day planners, you know, with spiralinds,
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like, oh, we have another mission that could go right now, so
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why don't we just go ahead and launch it? So all right, because
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us the Crew eight mission was delayed from launching from Kennedy Space Center with its
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astronauts aboard. The weather that was affecting that mission was not in Florida.
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It was actually in the recovery area in the North Atlantic. So this weather
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system that was bad, you know, for the next few days, well
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north of anything near the Kennedy Space Center and well north of the actual rocket
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path for a different launch that SpaceX had in mind, which is the Starlink
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six forty mission. The Starlink six forty mission to add another twenty three Starlink
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Version two mini satellites to its growing constellation of communication satellites in orbit, was
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just kind of in the bullpen warming up and basically said, well, hey,
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if you aren't going to use the airspace right now, crew Dragon,
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ate, can I just go ahead and launch myself? And I guess you
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know in space like space language. They said, yeah, sure, go
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ahead. So because the launch is not going to take place tomorrow for Crew
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eight, it freed up a launch capability window to launch a Startlink satellite,
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a set of them, aboard the Falcon nine vehicle. So that thing launched
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just this morning, So just just a very short time before we're actually recording
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this thing. They kind of, you know, pulled the starting pitcher,
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put the put the reserve picture on the mound, and and you know,
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you pitched the World Series. So anyway, there you go. You have
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you have a backup mission from Complex forty Falcon nine rocket launching down there at
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Kennedy Space Center West. This just never would have happened in the old days,
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right, And when I say the old days, I mean fifteen years
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ago, not very long in the Shuttle era. You just didn't have this
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kind of launch Caden's flexibility and nimbleness to less than forty eight hours from a
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launch. Oh your weather's bad, Well, let me just put my rock
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on the pad and go. Would this have been something that would have happened
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even five years ago? I mean, this is you know, this is
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a pretty new phenomenon of just being constantly having one in the chamber and ready
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to go, isn't it? Yeah? It really is. And I'm gonna
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go ahead and say no, I don't simply for one reason, no one,
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not even SpaceX, was launching with the kind of cadence that they are
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now how frequently they're launching, So they wouldn't have had a mission just ready
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to go, right, So there just wouldn't have been a defined mission that
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could have been ready to go. So yeah, this is just a testament
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to how SpaceX is changing the game for all of the launch industry and having
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vehicles that are just understood to launch almost on top of each other in terms
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of time and scheduling, and they're just ready to go almost not quite daily
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yet, but almost there. We have a new listener who started listening to
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the show a week ago and we've been in touch, and it started because
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he has taken up the hobby of staring at the sun. No, he's
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got a filter that he put on his telescope so that he can take photos
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of the storms happening on the sun. His name is Joshua Carson. He
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listened to us in the radio days. Wasn't aware we were doing this show,
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so we welcome him and thank him for joining us now. And I
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thought that's a good point to reference him in the fact that we have some
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geomagnetic activity to talk about this week. Yeah, hey, Joshua, good,
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good to have you on the crew. Make sure and tell your friends,
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Joshua, we're here. Still spread the word by all means. But
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no, he was being transmitted by electromagnetic waves anymore. But we're still here.
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We're still kicking. He said that us on the radio was the best
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part of his morning commute back in the day. So I was like,
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well, we got plenty of shows that can occupy your commute. You can
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get caught up on the back catalog of you know, now one hundred and
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sixty five shows counting this one. So there you go. Yeah, I
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mean, Joshua, you can listen with a near SpaceX kind of cadence for
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quite some time. Please catch up on all the episodes, that's right.
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And if we miss one, which I don't think we've missed one, but
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if we did miss one, there'd always be another one in the chamber ready
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to go, exactly. That's exactly right. So all right, so yes,
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here's what we have going on the Sun, Joshua, which I know
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you're now fond of both staring at and imaging, which is great. So
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this is a really cool thing. We're expecting a glancing blow from a geomagnetic
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storm, I'm sorry, from a solar storm that's going to cause a geomagnetic
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storm over the weekend. So we're going to get a glancing blow from a
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coronal map subjection that was launched from the Sun about twenty four hours as of
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the recording of the show, and now it's on its way into Earth,
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and it's expected to impact Earth's magnetosphere and also possibly the atmosphere beginning sometime on
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March second, which is sometimes Saturday. So this particular storm was hurled into
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space on Wednesday, and so it's a few days in transiting the distance from
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the Sun to the Earth. In terms of the wave of electromagnetic particles ejected
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from the Sun, if you've been keeping track, it's coming from our old
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friend active region number thirty five ninety two. So this is a big sunspot
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group moving across the face of the Sun and it could spark some G one
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class geomagnetic storms, which means well, basically here in Georgia, probably not
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going to see northern lights. For all of our listeners in the northern Tier
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states in Alaska, and I know you're out there, you know, check
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it out. You might go out overnight on Friday, Saturday, Saturday,
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and the Sunday and check for northern light phenomenon taking place. You might be
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able to see these geomagnetic storms unfold as a result of a big Chernal mass
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ejection on the Sun which will kind of just sort of hit the Earth.
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We do have listeners in Canada. We do have some listeners along the border
15:18
up there, but probably the area that has the most concentrated group of listeners
15:26
north of US would be the DC area, which I always find interesting,
15:30
but it makes sense that they would be there. I mean, for any
15:35
of you space policymakers in DC listening to our show, thank you for tuning
15:39
in. We really appreciate you being here and if we can help it anyway,
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just let us know. Yeah, we'd love to have you on the
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show. Coming up, after a quick break, we're going to talk about
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a baby star planet forming disc with a significant amount of water, which is
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an interesting development. We will talk about that right after this. Anytime there
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is a story that has the word water in it. In space, it
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becomes a different sort of interesting story. And this is one of those stories.
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It's not quite as interesting as some of the others yet, but the
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potential for it, and there's just a lot that this could explain, right,
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yeah, it can. And you know, if you're a regular listener
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to the show, or if you're just a former student in my astronomy class,
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you've heard me say many times water. Anywhere we've ever found water,
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we've also found life. Well i'm saying those words, it's because we found
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liquid water. So to be clear, this is not liquid water. This
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is water vapor, but it's in the it's water vapor in a disk of
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material that's orbiting around a very young star. And that very young star has
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the capability of forming planets in the disc as well as other kinds of solar
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system objects that we know in our own solar system. So this disc of
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swirling material around that star could possibly form a solar system. Now it turns
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out that water is not only important for the formation of life, but it's
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also important apparently in just the formation of a solar system in general. It
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turns out that The kind of chemistry that water vapor provides in these coalescing disks
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of material around young stars is important to the development of larger solid objects.
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You have to have water in that chemistry. You have to have hydrated materials
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in order to form larger bodies that can become planets. So water has a
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couple of different very important stages to it influencing the way in which a solar
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system comes together. Now you can check out this story on space dot com.
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But the headline of the story says, a baby star's planet forming disc
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has three times more water than Earth's oceans. So we see enough water vapor
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in this disc that if we added it all up, it's three times the
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amount of water that we find in our own ocean. That's interesting already.
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The fact that we find it in a place within this disc that likely will
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ultimately form the habit around this star is also a very interesting point. So
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plenty of water available that once the planets are formed, that this water vapor,
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there's enough of it around it could add to an aqueous surface on one
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of these protoplanets, potentially creating an environment for life to be able to form.
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All right, So this is the first time that astronomers have been able
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to map the distribution of water inside one of these cool stable disks of gas.
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That's ideal for forming planets, and that's really the breakthrough here. By
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the way, these data we're taken with the Alma telescope, which is the
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Atacama Large Millimeter array, which means they're looking at radio waves. That's why
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they talk about the millimeter array. It's in the radio region of the spectrum
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and that's where we could identify these very important spectral signatures of water. Vapor
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is in that millimeter waveband, and so that's how the water was discovered.
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There's a very high resolution for the Alma telescope at such nearby objects, and
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so they can kind of pin down where in the disc this water vapor is
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located, and so this is a very interesting state, all right. So
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Stefano Faccini is the lead researcher and astronomer on this project. He's also an
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astronomer at the University of Milan in Italy. The Autocama ray is run by
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the European Southern Observatory. He had this as a quote. He said,
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I had never imagined that we could capture an image of oceans of water,
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of water vapor in the same region where a planet is likely to form.
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So that's a really good quote. Right then he went on to say,
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our results show how the presence of water may influence the development of a planetary
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system, just like it did some four point five billion years ago in our
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own solar system. Wes. Every time we do this podcast, there's this
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song that comes on. I've noticed it, I've heard it. It's some
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song about mative stars and how we're all made of stars. Well, this
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is the idea, is that the chemistry for a solar system actually comes together
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from the same material that forms the stars and was actually at least by previous
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generations of stars which re enrich what they call the interstellar medium with these materials.
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So this is literally that star stuff coming together to form planets and the
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material that life would need to exist around an infant star called a t Tari
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star. There's a whole giant group of t Tari stars called the Taurus molecular
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Cloud. That's where they're finding this particular solar system, and this particular solar
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system is yielding some very interesting results. By the way, this solar system
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is the hl Tari star system. HL those two letters Tari tau ri i,
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which means it belongs to the constellation of Tarus. So a really interesting
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story coming out of European Southern Observatory's Alma instrument. Interstellar medium sounds like a
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drink at Starbucks, you know, except it wouldn't be medium, it would
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be you know, vinti or something. All Right. I remember September twenty
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twenty two when you and I were swapping texts excitedly about NASA slamming a spacecraft
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into a giant rock in the sky, and we got really excited about this.
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And now as some time has passed, they're learning a little bit more
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about the results of the Dark Mission. Yeah. So just to refer back
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to that date, it happened to be my birthday. I happened to be
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home alone that evening. It was just a weekday. My wife hadn't gotten
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home from work yet when this was taking place. So I was just literally
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standing about two feet away from my giant screen TV watching the incoming video from
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the Dark and of my geeky space friends, and the Dark Mission gave me
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one of the greatest birthday gifts ever by just slamming the heck out of this
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particular asteroid, which was amazing, and the and the post images and video
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of the thing incredible because the results of this impact were so much greater than
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any of the scientists had imagined, even what I had imagined. And I
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say even me, I have quite an imagination, so I was thinking,
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Wow, this could really I mean, they could really do something. Well,
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this was even beyond anything I had imagined in my ignorance and naivete.
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This really blasted out a gigantic amount of material. Well now we know how
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much because there have been studies, follow up studies done by a variety of
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scientists, including scientists at the University of Burns Physics Institute in Switzerland, and
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they have used a unique code which is to do planetary simulations to try to
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figure out just exactly how this whole impact went down. And from using this
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specialized code and doing these simulations of this impact with this asteroid at very high
23:55
resolution in terms of modeling, they have figured out that this object, the
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Didamous asteroid must I'm sorry, I'm sorry, it's the dimorphous asteroid. Dimorphous
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asteroid is a moonlit around didamis the dimorphous asteroid must have lost about ten million
24:15
kilograms of material, which it's more than a pound. You know, that's
24:22
bigger than a bunt cake, and you're pushing out up towards the size of
24:25
a mountain, right, So this is ten million kilograms of material simply was
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separated from this asteroid by a collision with a spaceship and not a giant spaceship,
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mind you, dart wasn't that big, but it was moving at a
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very very high rate of speed. Well, after all these simulations and kind
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of what we speculated to begin with, but we have now been given evidence
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to back it up that asteroid is not all that solid dimorphous. The tiny
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moonlet around Ditamus is what we call a secondary asteroid in a double asteroid system,
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and basically it's just a rubble pile. It's a collection of loose materials
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which have been knocked off the surface of its parent asteroid, Dinamus for millennium
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and then those loose materials gather up in kind of an orbital configuration around the
25:25
parent asteroid in just a loose collection of rubble. So instead of thinking thinking
25:32
about this dimorphous asteroid as a giant boulder, that just fill off a rock
25:37
face. Think of it a lot more like the ballpit at your favorite fast
25:41
food restaurant. It's just a bunch of small objects that happen to be in
25:45
the same place. They're not really connected. And man, if you get
25:49
a big enough kid to jump into that ballpit, you're gonna blast these balls
25:53
all over the place, which is why you have to put up those protective
25:56
nets all around your favorite ballpits west so that when you jump in there,
26:00
you're not knocking the balls all over you know, the fast food restaurant,
26:02
and people are just trying to slip on those balls, trying to get a
26:04
cheeseburger. So, but there's no net around the dimorphous asteroid. So ten
26:11
million kilograms of you know, small plastic balls were blasted off into space figuratively
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speaking. So so that's that's a very interesting result. This collision with the
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Dart spacecraft actually changed the shape of the asteroid. It's no longer the same
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shape. There's not some giant crater that was made in the surface of dimorphous
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because dimorphous is to amorphous. See what I did there, Yeah, And
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so it can't hold itself together with that kind of structure, so there's no
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crater. It's just not in the same shape that it was in anymore,
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which is really weird and also very interesting. It's a pretty fascinating story,
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and especially when we start thinking about one. We wanted to see what would
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happen. Now they know what would happen, and we're still learning more information
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about that. And then obviously the potential in the future of something coming in
27:12
our direction, knowing if we sent something at it, would it change its
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course? Now, I guess that's another factor to consider, is what is
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it made of and what's going to happen to it? And and how does
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that if it did break apart, if it was bigger than a bunt cake,
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where is that going to go? What's the trajectory of that. There's
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a lot to factor in, isn't there There is? And and so the
27:33
whole purpose of the dart mission is a planetary defense mission. We're trying to
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see if we can divert an asteroid. And if the asteroid was solid,
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this kind of punched to the nose would have diverted it. And by the
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way it did, it did divert demorphous in its own orbit a fair amount
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so that was successful. But I but I think I think back to what
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is it, Spider Man three, the Toby Maguire version, where he was
28:03
fighting the Sandman, and you know, Spider Man could just like throw a
28:07
right cross and the Sandman was simply turned to sand and you know, Spider
28:11
Man's hand would just sink right into his head and then he'd pull his hand
28:14
back and then the Sandman's head reform. Anyway, the whole thing is,
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when we give an asteroid like this guy a hard shot, it's not going
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to react the same way as a solid objects going to react like one of
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these amorphous, loosely bound objects. So we can't deliver quite the same amount
28:33
of energy in the same manner to this object, and we're far more likely,
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instead of diverting the whole thing, to break it up into many more
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smaller chunks which are going to come in at an even more uncontrolled manner and
28:48
could potentially cause as much damage, if not more damage, to the surface
28:52
of the Earth. So there's a lot of tricky stuff here going on,
28:56
all right. I know you guys at the Cocla Space Sign Center just had
28:59
a busy weekend and the Columbus toy comic book show happened. Perhaps at some
29:03
point during that event people discussed the rain drops keep falling on my head scene
29:08
from Spider Man three and the very popular Toby Maguire you know, walking around
29:15
with that anyway, so that could have happened. I don't know. But
29:18
you transition out pretty quickly to the next big thing, which I know is
29:22
a sold out show. However, there's another one coming, and this might
29:29
be the best time to start thinking about the very next Music under the Dome
29:33
coming up in a month. Yeah, so let me specifically talk to the
29:37
listeners in our immediate area. We have a great concert series. It's in
29:41
conjunction with the Schwob School of Music here at Columbustate University. It's called Music
29:45
under the Dome, and basically, the artists from the Shchob School of Music
29:49
come in and perform inside our planetarium dome. It's not always the same music,
29:56
it's not always the same performers. It's a variety of different music and
29:59
performers. But they happen to choreograph graphics, visuals that are specifically made for
30:06
each concert series. So that is incredibly cool and the result is a fantastic
30:11
concert experience combining original artwork and beautiful music provided by these very talented students and
30:17
faculty from the Shop School of Music here at our university. It's really a
30:22
unique and unusual concert check it out. If you want to know more information
30:26
about this concert series, visit our website at www dot cc SSC dot org.
30:33
Charlie Charlie SamSam Charlie dot org. Sean and I thank you for listening,
30:37
and a reminder, if you support us on Patreon dot com, slash
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Wes Carol or one of our supporters through the Speaker podcast app, we have
30:48
some exclusive content waiting for you right now that you can listen to. So
30:52
we thank you for supporting us there, and we just thank you for listening
30:56
and supporting us that way as well. Sean and I will do this again
31:00
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