Latest / Real Crime with Adam Shand / Privacy vs. Safety: The CCTV Dilemma | David Bartlett
Transcript
- 0:05Speaker 1: Approach production.
- 0:14Speaker 2: Welcome to Real Crime with Adam Shanna.
- 0:15Speaker 3: I'm your host, Adam shan Let's talk about surveillance CCTV
- 0:19Speaker 3: in particular. It's estimated the average Australian inurban areas passes
- 0:24Speaker 3: under the gaze of seventy five cameras every day. It's
- 0:27Speaker 3: become a given that surveillance technologies permeate every aspect of
- 0:30Speaker 3: our lives, whether we like it or not.
- 0:33Speaker 1: China now has the largest surveillance network on Earth, with
- 0:36Speaker 1: more than half of the world CCTV cameras watching its citizens.
- 0:41Speaker 2: It's a global phenomenon.
- 0:42Speaker 3: Look at China, They've got more than fifty percent of
- 0:44Speaker 3: all the surveillance cameras in the world, about thirty four
- 0:47Speaker 3: cameras per one thousand people.
- 0:49Speaker 2: But Australian cities are catching up.
- 0:51Speaker 1: In twenty twenty one, Sydney had four point sixty seven
- 0:54Speaker 1: surveillance cameras per thousand residents, with Melbourne close behind with
- 0:59Speaker 1: two point one three.
- 1:02Speaker 3: You do hear a lot of complaints about the impact
- 1:04Speaker 3: on privacy from this blanket coverage. That is, until someone
- 1:08Speaker 3: goes missing and then the cameras provide key evidence that
- 1:11Speaker 3: tells the story.
- 1:12Speaker 2: Then you'll see police appeal.
- 1:13Speaker 3: For CCTV to help them piece together the key moments.
- 1:17Speaker 3: We're asking the public to review their CCTV or doorbell
- 1:21Speaker 3: cameras for any footage that may help us locate the
- 1:25Speaker 3: missing woman. Precious time is spent gathering this footage. What
- 1:29Speaker 3: if all those cameras were linked in a network that
- 1:32Speaker 3: allowed police to follow the path of an offender or
- 1:35Speaker 3: a missing person. How many lives would be saved? How
- 1:39Speaker 3: many crimes would be self?
- 1:40Speaker 2: Go to China.
- 1:41Speaker 3: It's impossible to commit a crime there, You'll be on camera.
- 1:45Speaker 3: So how far do we want to go with this?
- 1:48Speaker 3: What are we prepared to accept in terms of perceived
- 1:51Speaker 3: loss of privacy, in terms of making our streets more safe?
- 1:56Speaker 3: This is the dream of one form of Victoria Police
- 1:58Speaker 3: officer David Barbert, who's building just such a network called
- 2:02Speaker 3: the Safer Places Network. To welcome David to the program, gooday,
- 2:07Speaker 3: how I very well, thanks thanks for having me. We
- 2:09Speaker 3: could have a crime free society right now if we
- 2:13Speaker 3: grasp the metal around linking our cameras and putting more
- 2:17Speaker 3: I guess where.
- 2:19Speaker 2: Are we now? How much are we prepared to accept?
- 2:23Speaker 2: And what's your mission?
- 2:24Speaker 4: That's a lot in that actual had an interesting meeting
- 2:27Speaker 4: yesterday with the previous Commonwealth Privacy Commissioner, Angeline Folk, and
- 2:31Speaker 4: she was saying a lot of this surveillance technology and
- 2:33Speaker 4: the way we accepted his context driven and facial recognition
- 2:37Speaker 4: is currently in the press, and think as a society
- 2:40Speaker 4: we have to accept that surveillance is part of our lives.
- 2:43Speaker 4: He just said that we pass seventy five cameras on
- 2:45Speaker 4: the way to work every day. We're installing them otselves.
- 2:47Speaker 4: I mean, we're putting cameras in our houses. We've got
- 2:49Speaker 4: cameras on our phones. People use face ID to open
- 2:52Speaker 4: their phones every day, so we're kind of already using
- 2:55Speaker 4: it organically. But I think from a crime fighting perspective,
- 2:57Speaker 4: the struggle is that law enforcement agencies can't keep up
- 3:01Speaker 4: with technology, and I think that's our main gap. I
- 3:03Speaker 4: think in the private sector. You know, we've got amazing
- 3:06Speaker 4: tech even here today for our interview, and I think
- 3:09Speaker 4: the police just don't know what's happening in the private
- 3:11Speaker 4: sector and they need to catch up.
- 3:12Speaker 2: Yeah, really important point. Let's roll back.
- 3:16Speaker 3: September twenty twelve, Jill mar goes missing Sydney Road, Brunswick,
- 3:21Speaker 3: that case was sold with The breakthrough came because of
- 3:25Speaker 3: one CCTV camera at the Bridal shop which pictured Adrian
- 3:31Speaker 3: Ernest Bailey, her abductor and murderer, speaking to her, which
- 3:35Speaker 3: then set off an investigative trails.
- 3:38Speaker 4: But on that's my number one case study. It took
- 3:41Speaker 4: eighty five hours to get that footage into the hands
- 3:43Speaker 4: of police, and I think we were lucky in that
- 3:45Speaker 4: case because Jill Maher being a journalist and her network
- 3:49Speaker 4: of media contacts that accelerated the exposure in social media
- 3:52Speaker 4: and her Facebook page this twenty twelve gained I think
- 3:55Speaker 4: it was twelve thousand followers in about twenty four hours,
- 3:58Speaker 4: and that led to what I believe the Dutchess Britique
- 4:00Speaker 4: owner submitting that footage to police. So my mission is
- 4:03Speaker 4: to bring it from eighty five hours to eighty five minutes.
- 4:06Speaker 4: And I've said this even as recently as yesterday at
- 4:08Speaker 4: a breakfast I presented at when her husband first reported
- 4:12Speaker 4: her missing at two am on the twenty second of September.
- 4:15Speaker 4: If my network had have been in place at that time,
- 4:18Speaker 4: the watchhouse keeper taking the missing person report could have
- 4:21Speaker 4: requested the footage from the Duchess boutique owner immediately and
- 4:25Speaker 4: potentially even got a print out of a CCTV still
- 4:29Speaker 4: of Adrian walking past Durr walking past and even presented
- 4:32Speaker 4: that to her husband and said, do you see your
- 4:34Speaker 4: wife in any of this footage? And that could have
- 4:37Speaker 4: brought everything to a hold right then and there.
- 4:41Speaker 2: Because the technology was pretty critical in that case.
- 4:43Speaker 3: Critical we saw also the I think was the toll
- 4:46Speaker 3: gantry picking up Bailey's car linked to him known sex offender.
- 4:51Speaker 2: He becomes a suspect.
- 4:53Speaker 3: But it's just skeletal, just little patches of light here
- 4:55Speaker 3: and there in that case. And you wonder if that
- 4:59Speaker 3: case happened today, are things much different? I saw a
- 5:02Speaker 3: story recently where a email was reflecting on the fact
- 5:06Speaker 3: that in that ten or twelve years since Jill Mar's
- 5:09Speaker 3: abduction of murder, are we any safer?
- 5:11Speaker 2: Do you think we are?
- 5:12Speaker 3: Are we getting closer to the kind of coverage you
- 5:15Speaker 3: think will make us safer?
- 5:16Speaker 4: Probably got a mixed response to that. I use that
- 5:18Speaker 4: case study because my argument is things haven't changed enough
- 5:22Speaker 4: in my opinion, you know, my first initial thoughts around
- 5:25Speaker 4: using that as a case study for our business wash
- 5:27Speaker 4: but it's fairly dated. But I thought, hang on a second,
- 5:30Speaker 4: if this happened again today, what would actually be different.
- 5:33Speaker 4: I think there'd be more cameras. I think there might
- 5:36Speaker 4: have been more footage available sooner. But I also think
- 5:39Speaker 4: that there's a chance, it's a strong chance that the
- 5:41Speaker 4: footage from that particular shop could still take eighty five
- 5:44Speaker 4: hours to get into the hands of police today.
- 5:47Speaker 3: Right, because I'm not quite sure how this goes. I
- 5:49Speaker 3: understand they go along and try to find where the
- 5:51Speaker 3: cameras are. Are they walking the streets looking for the
- 5:54Speaker 3: little blue lights or what are they doing?
- 5:55Speaker 4: Yeah, we estimate that police spend anywhere from two to
- 5:58Speaker 4: four hours per investigation just looking for where the cameras are.
- 6:03Speaker 4: There's many hours spent after that trying to actually access
- 6:06Speaker 4: the footage. So at the moment police door knock, they
- 6:08Speaker 4: walk the streets, They walk the streets of shops or residents,
- 6:12Speaker 4: depending on where the offense occurred. That's if they even
- 6:15Speaker 4: have the time to do that. We know that Victoria
- 6:17Speaker 4: Police in particular is extremely stretch, with resources, morales pretty low.
- 6:20Speaker 4: They've got a new chief commissioner, there's a restructure planned,
- 6:24Speaker 4: They're already under a huge amount of stress. And I
- 6:26Speaker 4: remember when I was a detective or even a young
- 6:28Speaker 4: connie in uniform that if you don't have avenues of inquiry,
- 6:31Speaker 4: you write a file off, so you have to look
- 6:33Speaker 4: for avenues inquiry. If you don't have any, you can
- 6:36Speaker 4: write the file off and the sergeant approves it and
- 6:37Speaker 4: the file just gets closed or unsolved. So if police
- 6:42Speaker 4: can argue that they don't have time to go on
- 6:43Speaker 4: door knock, they'll just write cases off. And we know
- 6:46Speaker 4: that over sixty percent of crimes in Australia go unsolved.
- 6:49Speaker 4: So what this network plans to do is actually increase
- 6:51Speaker 4: the closure rate of investigations. So it may not even
- 6:55Speaker 4: increase police time, but it might actually solve more crimes.
- 6:59Speaker 3: Police budgets are stretch beyond breaking points. They can't even
- 7:03Speaker 3: fill jobs that they have the struggle in this technological
- 7:06Speaker 3: arms race. Yeah, what is the value proposition that you're
- 7:11Speaker 3: presenting to them?
- 7:12Speaker 4: It's interesting I presented this to Victoria Police earlier this
- 7:15Speaker 4: year and I said, well, it's looking likely it could
- 7:17Speaker 4: save your members around a million hours a year of
- 7:20Speaker 4: personnel time. And I won't say who I was talking to,
- 7:23Speaker 4: but the response from them was, well, there's some costs anyway,
- 7:26Speaker 4: because they have to employ the staff. So is it
- 7:28Speaker 4: really inefficiency. I'm like, oh, yes, it is because they
- 7:30Speaker 4: can be redeployed. So I think there's this mentality that
- 7:34Speaker 4: unless it's an extraordinarily clear ROI, they find it hard
- 7:38Speaker 4: to wrap their head around because they have to employ
- 7:40Speaker 4: the stuff anyway. But my argument is they're constantly pushing
- 7:43Speaker 4: for new recruits and new recruitment campaigns and new police.
- 7:46Speaker 4: But if they make the current police more efficient, of
- 7:50Speaker 4: course that would avoid them having to hire another four
- 7:52Speaker 4: hundred recruits.
- 7:54Speaker 2: Well, so they can't find anyway.
- 7:55Speaker 4: Well, yeah, that's a whole other challenge. Yeah, whole other challenge.
- 7:57Speaker 3: I mean that response to me tells me why they're
- 7:59Speaker 3: not economists working for the Reserve Bank and they're police
- 8:02Speaker 3: officers and in the hierarchy Victoria Police is slow.
- 8:06Speaker 4: Yes it is. It is And I worked in the
- 8:09Speaker 4: IT area of vic Pol for a year in twenty
- 8:11Speaker 4: nineteen and it was a hard slog. They're not a
- 8:14Speaker 4: tech company, you know, They're a law enforcement agency. And
- 8:16Speaker 4: I think this is where New Zealand Police has done
- 8:18Speaker 4: really well because they and Mike Bush and your chief
- 8:20Speaker 4: commissioner here in Melbourne has come from New Zealand Police.
- 8:23Speaker 4: They've got a long history of working very closely with
- 8:26Speaker 4: the private sector, so they're willing to engage companies like
- 8:29Speaker 4: ours that are small startups or private business that are
- 8:32Speaker 4: doing things really well. They bring them into the tent.
- 8:34Speaker 4: So how can we work together. I think what we're
- 8:36Speaker 4: guilty of in Australia is we go after the big
- 8:38Speaker 4: four consultancy, we go after Microsoft and all these big
- 8:41Speaker 4: tech companies, and I just think they're as slow moving
- 8:43Speaker 4: as the organizations are, so I think from a technology perspective,
- 8:48Speaker 4: they just don't really get it.
- 8:50Speaker 2: This is a big dream and it's twofold.
- 8:53Speaker 3: You've got to persuade businesses, individuals, companies whatever to come
- 8:59Speaker 3: on board, and then for police to now accept this
- 9:02Speaker 3: network and become a part of it.
- 9:05Speaker 4: Where are you at great question? I consider it that
- 9:09Speaker 4: we're trying to raise all boats at once. You know,
- 9:11Speaker 4: I'm getting feedback from members of our network saying what
- 9:14Speaker 4: are the success stories from police? And I'm getting feedback
- 9:16Speaker 4: from police saying why don't you have more cameras on
- 9:18Speaker 4: the network and more people on the network. And so
- 9:20Speaker 4: I'm trying to just incrementally grow both audiences at the moment.
- 9:24Speaker 4: It's going to take some time, but I'm very closely
- 9:27Speaker 4: partnered with Neighborhood Watch Victoria A. Neighborhood Watch is an
- 9:30Speaker 4: institution that we know has been around for decades, but
- 9:33Speaker 4: they are very underresourced. They're very passionate, but very underresourced.
- 9:37Speaker 4: They get a lot less money from the government than
- 9:39Speaker 4: crime stoppers do. They are predominantly staffed by volunteers sixty
- 9:44Speaker 4: five seventy year old plus, so they are not as
- 9:48Speaker 4: great technology and what's going on with social media, so
- 9:50Speaker 4: Neighborhood Watch is really struggling. But I still think they
- 9:54Speaker 4: are an important part of our crime prevention ecosystem. And
- 9:57Speaker 4: I hope that Mike Bush, the new chief, sees that
- 9:59Speaker 4: because I know he's been briefed by Neighborhood Watch But
- 10:01Speaker 4: they've been a great partner of ours in just getting
- 10:03Speaker 4: the word out at a grass its level amongst community.
- 10:06Speaker 4: Social media has also been good for us. But what
- 10:09Speaker 4: I'm really looking for is what I call enterprise contributors,
- 10:13Speaker 4: people like will Worth's Coals had to mean with monash
- 10:16Speaker 4: Unity the other day. Monash Uni has about five thousand
- 10:18Speaker 4: cameras across Melbourne across their seven campuses so I'm looking
- 10:22Speaker 4: for these multipliers that I can have one contact, but
- 10:25Speaker 4: thousands of cameras come on to the network, so that's
- 10:28Speaker 4: a bit easier than trying to get five thousand households
- 10:30Speaker 4: onto the network. Takes a bit longer. Yeah, sad reality.
- 10:34Speaker 3: Money drives everything it does, so you've got to build
- 10:38Speaker 3: a business of sufficient scale to make this work.
- 10:42Speaker 2: Big task.
- 10:43Speaker 4: It is unfortunate that I've got fifteen years of networking
- 10:46Speaker 4: from law enforce in both state and federal. So I
- 10:48Speaker 4: worked with the Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission for seven years,
- 10:51Speaker 4: so I've got links into the AFP, I've got links
- 10:53Speaker 4: into most states, and I'm starting to leverage some of
- 10:55Speaker 4: those connections. I think if you're starting from scratch outside
- 10:59Speaker 4: of the law enforce industry, you'd find it a lot
- 11:00Speaker 4: more difficult. But I'm able to open doors to commissioners
- 11:04Speaker 4: pretty much in everything state and that's what I'm doing
- 11:06Speaker 4: at the moment, so that's a bit of an accelerating
- 11:09Speaker 4: factor for me. I've got some early investment, which is great,
- 11:12Speaker 4: but that's probably giving me a six month runway before
- 11:16Speaker 4: I get revenue. So another major part of our model
- 11:19Speaker 4: is helping with retail crime. So retail crime, as we
- 11:22Speaker 4: know is that it's worst ever in Victoria at the moment.
- 11:25Speaker 4: We also know that Victoria has more retail crime than
- 11:28Speaker 4: all the other states and territories combined at the moment,
- 11:31Speaker 4: and that it's hurting small businesses and meetium businesses and.
- 11:35Speaker 2: Large businesses shoplifting basically.
- 11:37Speaker 4: Shoplifting, but also threats to staff and harassment that is
- 11:42Speaker 4: through the roof at the moment as well. And I
- 11:43Speaker 4: think that's driven by just a living crisis. Could be
- 11:47Speaker 4: interest rates, could be people losing their jobs. They just
- 11:50Speaker 4: take it out on the local checkout person. And that's
- 11:53Speaker 4: a sad reality for a lot of retail workers. And
- 11:57Speaker 4: as we know, a lot of those workers are gen z,
- 11:59Speaker 4: they're younger, they're new to the workforce. Getting spat on
- 12:03Speaker 4: or slapped or hit or worn out is not part
- 12:05Speaker 4: of the job description.
- 12:06Speaker 3: And we saw this during COVID. I had a friend
- 12:08Speaker 3: working i can say office works, and what she was
- 12:12Speaker 3: bringing home stories of people trying to steal things and
- 12:15Speaker 3: when they were caught, they were bashing staff and there
- 12:18Speaker 3: were some really serious injuries. And the cameras provided an
- 12:21Speaker 3: audit trail, an evidentiary trail in those cases, so it's
- 12:25Speaker 3: really important. I did a book a number of years
- 12:27Speaker 3: ago on the Kangaroo Gang shoplifters who went to Britain
- 12:30Speaker 3: in the sixties and robbed and stealed the way across there,
- 12:33Speaker 3: and the study that I did on that revealed the
- 12:35Speaker 3: fact that the staff were the champion robbers.
- 12:39Speaker 2: They're working with.
- 12:41Speaker 3: So again for your big organizations to be able to
- 12:44Speaker 3: link and because the staff know where the camera's are,
- 12:46Speaker 3: they know how things operate.
- 12:48Speaker 2: So that's another frontier.
- 12:51Speaker 4: Yeah, I mean, the larger retailers are pretty good at
- 12:53Speaker 4: keeping an eye on that, but as you kind of
- 12:55Speaker 4: go down from enterprise down to medium and small businesses,
- 12:57Speaker 4: it's very hard to keep track of that. They don't
- 12:58Speaker 4: have the systems in place, they don't have CCTV, they
- 13:01Speaker 4: don't have lost prevention offices or security staff. There's kind
- 13:05Speaker 4: of this market that we're looking at anyway, where the
- 13:08Speaker 4: small and medium retailers that can't afford more sophisticated loss
- 13:11Speaker 4: prevention tools can work with us and we can support
- 13:14Speaker 4: them through some crime recording and incident recording tools that
- 13:17Speaker 4: we've got using WhatsApp and some other technology. And then
- 13:20Speaker 4: what the benefit of all we do is that For example,
- 13:23Speaker 4: if something happens, say a small IDA supermarket, and next
- 13:27Speaker 4: door to the IDA there might be a bakery and
- 13:29Speaker 4: optometrist and maybe a mechanic. If all of those businesses
- 13:32Speaker 4: are on our network, whether they have CCTV or not,
- 13:35Speaker 4: if something happens at the IDA, those other businesses get
- 13:38Speaker 4: alerted immediately. And that's a gap in our current crime
- 13:42Speaker 4: reporting ecosystem in Australia where if you report something to
- 13:44Speaker 4: the police, the police don't then go and tell the
- 13:47Speaker 4: neighbors that it's happened, Or if you report something to
- 13:50Speaker 4: crime stoppers, that doesn't immediately tell anyone in your suburb
- 13:53Speaker 4: that that's occurred. So if you see it suspicious of
- 13:55Speaker 4: out outside your house and tell crime stoppers, unless you've
- 13:59Speaker 4: got a WhatsApp group with your neighbors, they don't know
- 14:00Speaker 4: that you've made that report. So how do you keep
- 14:03Speaker 4: your local community safe? And that was the me of
- 14:05Speaker 4: Neighborhood Watch when it started, and I think we've lost that.
- 14:07Speaker 4: We've lost that localized support for each other at a
- 14:11Speaker 4: suburb level or a street level. And I've heard countless
- 14:14Speaker 4: stories of WhatsApp groups being set up, but there's nothing
- 14:16Speaker 4: more sophisticated than that, and our systems like neighborhood Watch
- 14:19Speaker 4: and crime stoppers and police reporting, none of that's caught up.
- 14:23Speaker 4: That's all still stuck decades ago.
- 14:25Speaker 2: Yeah.
- 14:26Speaker 3: I've worked a lot in Africa and in particularly We've
- 14:28Speaker 3: got our place in Zimbabwe and we're quite remote and
- 14:31Speaker 3: the only security we have is that WhatsApp group and
- 14:35Speaker 3: two way radios. The police are miles away, So there
- 14:38Speaker 3: has to be a self reliance. We're getting a bit
- 14:40Speaker 3: too civilized here, aren't we. We live it to somebody else. Yeah,
- 14:44Speaker 3: nothing to see here. Let's go back to my job
- 14:46Speaker 3: and my family whatever else. Do you think there's got
- 14:47Speaker 3: to be I guess some re engagement on those sort
- 14:49Speaker 3: of neighborhood watch vatues, but with technology one.
- 14:52Speaker 4: Hundred percent, it's exactly what it is. A neighborhood watch
- 14:54Speaker 4: tagline is looking out for each other. And I think
- 14:57Speaker 4: when you start doing that, And I heard Chris Costas
- 14:59Speaker 4: talk recently at Frankston at a neighborhood Watch event. He
- 15:02Speaker 4: started neighborhood Watch back in the seventies, I think, and
- 15:06Speaker 4: he was saying that exact thing. It's like, we've got
- 15:07Speaker 4: to get back to those basic levels of looking out
- 15:09Speaker 4: for each other. I think we have become a bit lazy.
- 15:12Speaker 4: I mean an example of being lazy is that I
- 15:14Speaker 4: think it's something like seventy percent of burglaries the houses
- 15:18Speaker 4: are unlocked, so people aren't locking their doors. It's such
- 15:22Speaker 4: a simple thing. And I heard a police officer tell
- 15:24Speaker 4: me recently at a community event, someone stood up after
- 15:27Speaker 4: the police had finished talking and said, oh, my house
- 15:29Speaker 4: got broken into last week, and you know, a bit
- 15:31Speaker 4: angry at the police. And the police said was the
- 15:33Speaker 4: house locked? And he goes, oh, no, it wasn't. So
- 15:35Speaker 4: I'm like, well you have to. There's an element of
- 15:38Speaker 4: self responsibility in this, but also an element of localized
- 15:42Speaker 4: community support because these big organizations like the police agencies
- 15:46Speaker 4: are it's too big and slow moving and they've got
- 15:47Speaker 4: a lot on their plate. They can't be there to
- 15:50Speaker 4: drive that community spirit, which is what neighbor would watch
- 15:53Speaker 4: started out.
- 15:53Speaker 3: Yeah, I've just got bad flashbacks of being a rob
- 15:56Speaker 3: five times at our place here in Melbourne that have
- 15:59Speaker 3: fourth time the same police officer and he says, your
- 16:01Speaker 3: window was open again? Might lock your windows? I turn
- 16:06Speaker 3: them all life.
- 16:08Speaker 4: Exactly, So look, we are guilty of just missing those
- 16:11Speaker 4: things as humans, because you know, life gets ahead of us.
- 16:14Speaker 4: But and again, education is a key part of that.
- 16:16Speaker 4: And with police, I kind of I know Mike Bush
- 16:19Speaker 4: and the new chief commissioner, he thinks crime prevention is key,
- 16:22Speaker 4: and I certainly agree with him. But I kind of think, well,
- 16:25Speaker 4: police is a law enforcement agency. They're kind of doing
- 16:28Speaker 4: the tail end of it. Who's doing the education and
- 16:30Speaker 4: actual crime prevention work? Because you've got crime stoppers that
- 16:34Speaker 4: are a reporting portal essentially, and then you've got a neighborhood
- 16:37Speaker 4: watch which is really strong in education. I kind of
- 16:40Speaker 4: don't know where police sit with that education piece. Like
- 16:44Speaker 4: I just feel like police are they to kind of
- 16:45Speaker 4: clean up the mess?
- 16:46Speaker 3: Well, they're just reactive the Yeah, I think they're struggling
- 16:49Speaker 3: and we're seeing we live in the year of aggravated burglaries.
- 16:52Speaker 3: We're young men usually breaking it at homes and getting
- 16:55Speaker 3: the keys and taking the car for a jolly down
- 16:57Speaker 3: the freeway and drawing all those police.
- 16:59Speaker 2: Resources in there. Sometimes they catch themselves, so they don't.
- 17:02Speaker 3: But I guess under your scenario, you'd be able to
- 17:04Speaker 3: track that vehicle through the cameras, through the street. I mean,
- 17:08Speaker 3: I'm getting visions of the movies where the guys and
- 17:10Speaker 3: the black skivvas are there where the big screen, and
- 17:12Speaker 3: they're following and they're switching between cameras all the way
- 17:14Speaker 3: through the network.
- 17:15Speaker 2: That's what's your sort of dreaming of.
- 17:16Speaker 4: Isn't it looks that's very long term. I think one
- 17:19Speaker 4: of the issues we'll have there is connecting to residential cameras.
- 17:22Speaker 4: That's not something that we currently do, and it's not
- 17:25Speaker 4: connecting from a technical sense. I mean, so having a
- 17:28Speaker 4: world where we can just dip into someone's Ring camera
- 17:31Speaker 4: or Google camera, I think that's a long way down
- 17:34Speaker 4: the track. The US are testing it a little bit
- 17:36Speaker 4: in some areas with Ring because Rings are owned by Amazon.
- 17:39Speaker 4: They've got a big tech They linked into some police systems,
- 17:42Speaker 4: especially with the Human Rights Charter here in Victoria. There's
- 17:45Speaker 4: so many privacy and ethical considerations to go into a
- 17:48Speaker 4: system like that. Even if we had all of the
- 17:51Speaker 4: locations recorded of where cameras were, and an efficient way
- 17:55Speaker 4: of speaking to the owners of all of those cameras,
- 17:57Speaker 4: that would drastically increase closure rates of investigations. And that's
- 18:02Speaker 4: what we're doing right now. So I think of it
- 18:04Speaker 4: as a job. Rolodex of names and locations and where
- 18:08Speaker 4: cameras are. And my system has like a Google map,
- 18:10Speaker 4: It's like Google for CCTV, show me where the cameras
- 18:13Speaker 4: are in Brighton and it comes up. You click notify
- 18:16Speaker 4: and it notifies all those camera owners by SMS and email.
- 18:19Speaker 4: So they all get a little texts saying Victoria Police
- 18:21Speaker 4: have asked you to check your footage over the last
- 18:23Speaker 4: hour looking for a red van. So that happens within
- 18:26Speaker 4: an instant. It could even happen from trip low as
- 18:28Speaker 4: soon as the call comes in. So even that in itself,
- 18:32Speaker 4: without a technical connection to the cameras, that in itself
- 18:35Speaker 4: you could see the footage coming in getting uploaded within
- 18:37Speaker 4: the next ten minutes from residents. Even that would be
- 18:40Speaker 4: a huge, huge win. And that avoids the ethical privacy
- 18:44Speaker 4: considerations of police remote accessing into someone's camera, because that's
- 18:48Speaker 4: a lot more tricky because people think that we're going
- 18:50Speaker 4: to spy on them and that kind of thing. But
- 18:52Speaker 4: if people are notified, they're given the option to cooperate.
- 18:55Speaker 4: And that's what our system is so important that they
- 18:58Speaker 4: are given the option to upload footage and cooperate if
- 19:01Speaker 4: they feel comfortable doing so.
- 19:02Speaker 3: Yeah, democracy and privacy very inconvenient these situations.
- 19:05Speaker 2: But of course everyone.
- 19:06Speaker 3: Wants it to be rolled out one hundred percent when
- 19:09Speaker 3: they need it, yes, But mostly they're not prepared to
- 19:11Speaker 3: buy into it. And I think this is it becomes
- 19:13Speaker 3: a political issue as much as a policing one as well.
- 19:16Speaker 3: Or do you see a willingness to use the China
- 19:19Speaker 3: example before? You don't want to be a crooked in
- 19:21Speaker 3: China anymore because they will get on to you really
- 19:23Speaker 3: quickly and you will be found. I mean the level
- 19:26Speaker 3: of facial recognition software in the cameras and the ability
- 19:29Speaker 3: to create a perimeter away from the crime scene and
- 19:31Speaker 3: work their way back in and you will be caught.
- 19:34Speaker 2: I mean, law and.
- 19:35Speaker 3: Order is always a big thing in our state elections.
- 19:37Speaker 3: We hear it every time that the crooks run the
- 19:39Speaker 3: streets and so forth. We've got to put the fearback
- 19:41Speaker 3: in the crooks. But are we really prepared to do
- 19:43Speaker 3: what our technology allows us to do already?
- 19:47Speaker 4: I guess that's what I'm testing right now, and I
- 19:49Speaker 4: think it's going to be an interesting social experiment. I
- 19:51Speaker 4: mean I showed it to an assistant commissioner yesterday Victorian Police,
- 19:54Speaker 4: and she was quite shocked that so many people had
- 19:57Speaker 4: voluntarily registered, and I was like, well, it's indicating a
- 20:01Speaker 4: willingness to get involved in something like that. And you know,
- 20:04Speaker 4: we've gone to great lengths to be clear that when
- 20:07Speaker 4: we don't have remote access to cameras, it's all voluntary.
- 20:10Speaker 4: You've opted into this system, and you still have the
- 20:13Speaker 4: option to cooperate or not cooperate with the police. And then, strangely,
- 20:17Speaker 4: only a few weeks ago, one of our users directed
- 20:20Speaker 4: police to us, and police came to us and said, oh,
- 20:22Speaker 4: this person said that she's on the network and can
- 20:25Speaker 4: you just get the footage for us. So even this
- 20:27Speaker 4: member of our network thought we had remote access to
- 20:29Speaker 4: her cameras, and she'd signed up under that premise, which
- 20:32Speaker 4: is wrong because we don't have remote access to our cameras.
- 20:34Speaker 4: She thought we did, and she still signed up. So
- 20:36Speaker 4: I've actually got people signing up that think we already
- 20:39Speaker 4: do have remote access. So I think it is a
- 20:41Speaker 4: bit of a social experiment. And that's why talking to
- 20:43Speaker 4: the Privacy Commissioner yesterday was interesting because as a privacy commissioner,
- 20:46Speaker 4: how do you make these giant decisions about what society
- 20:49Speaker 4: thinks about surveillance? And what society thinks about facial recognition,
- 20:52Speaker 4: and she said it's context driven and it has to
- 20:55Speaker 4: be proportionate. And proportionate is a big word that happens
- 20:58Speaker 4: in police with self defense and what people are talking
- 21:01Speaker 4: about castle law and their houses and protecting their homes.
- 21:05Speaker 4: Sovereigns yes, kind of sovereign citizen. But people are saying
- 21:08Speaker 4: I want the right to protect my family and my
- 21:10Speaker 4: home and fight back if someone breaks in. Well, the
- 21:13Speaker 4: law already protects them. So I yell at the TV
- 21:16Speaker 4: pretty regularly about this because and social media, because I
- 21:18Speaker 4: see these comments come in and people saying I want
- 21:21Speaker 4: to be able to bash the crook when they kick
- 21:22Speaker 4: my door in. I'm like, you can bash the crook
- 21:24Speaker 4: when you're already protected under law, as long as it's proportionate.
- 21:28Speaker 4: If you kick the crap out of them and they're
- 21:30Speaker 4: on the ground and you keep going, that's when you
- 21:32Speaker 4: break the law. But if someone comes in with a machete,
- 21:35Speaker 4: you are allowed to use leader force to protect you
- 21:37Speaker 4: and your family because you're under fear of being killed.
- 21:41Speaker 4: That's proportionate and they are protected. And I think I
- 21:44Speaker 4: don't think police really advertise that fact very well because
- 21:47Speaker 4: people are saying they want this castle law and you
- 21:48Speaker 4: should be able to somehow do something else to protect
- 21:51Speaker 4: your family. But if someone's coming at me and my family,
- 21:53Speaker 4: I'll do whatever I need to do to stop them.
- 21:55Speaker 3: I'm all a view that most people are unprepared for
- 21:58Speaker 3: these situations. Can't use their firearms or their or their
- 22:01Speaker 3: knives and things, and the best thing they could do
- 22:03Speaker 3: is jump over the back fence.
- 22:04Speaker 4: And get out and make distance. And when aught that
- 22:05Speaker 4: as a young police officer, distance is the number one
- 22:07Speaker 4: savior and I completely agree. But getting back to surveillance,
- 22:11Speaker 4: it has to be proportionate. And Kmart recently got a
- 22:14Speaker 4: whack for using facial recognition cameras without making people aware
- 22:18Speaker 4: they were using them. Bunning's had the same issue, and
- 22:21Speaker 4: one of the things they ran into was they couldn't
- 22:24Speaker 4: prove that the facial recognition software was going to stop
- 22:30Speaker 4: enough crime. Basically it was a little bit too much
- 22:32Speaker 4: of a luxury for them. In the Privacy Commissioner's opinion.
- 22:35Speaker 4: The current Privacy commissioner, so what our system is doing, Yes,
- 22:38Speaker 4: it's kind of connecting the surveillance network, but like you've
- 22:41Speaker 4: said throughout this the amount of crime we could solve.
- 22:45Speaker 4: Any amount of harm we could reduce is significant. So
- 22:47Speaker 4: that's where the proportionality comes into it. The surveillance is large,
- 22:51Speaker 4: where the impact is large, and that's where I think
- 22:53Speaker 4: the community could come on the journey because they know
- 22:56Speaker 4: or the impact has been demonstrated or proven that if
- 22:59Speaker 4: they do get involved, yes, he will be sixty percent
- 23:02Speaker 4: safer than you are now walking at night.
- 23:04Speaker 2: What's right.
- 23:04Speaker 3: I think the often CCTV is a great post crime tool.
- 23:11Speaker 4: Yes, see what happened.
- 23:13Speaker 3: But I think in the case of our aging population,
- 23:16Speaker 3: with the elderly people leaving hospitals, leaving nursing homes, often
- 23:20Speaker 3: with dementia and so forth, and the clock is ticking,
- 23:23Speaker 3: people perish in these situations. We're already seeing police forces
- 23:26Speaker 3: trying to get into this space by doing geolocation of
- 23:30Speaker 3: messages and so forth and things. And I can see
- 23:32Speaker 3: your system being something that could be used in real
- 23:35Speaker 3: time to say, check your camera right now, as an
- 23:38Speaker 3: elderly person could have walked past.
- 23:40Speaker 4: One hundred percent. And I actually use that case study
- 23:42Speaker 4: sometimes as well, and I do have I think I
- 23:45Speaker 4: have two missing person detectives signed up using the system
- 23:47Speaker 4: at the moment with Victoria Police, which is great. So yeah,
- 23:50Speaker 4: that's the use case that people are surprised to hear
- 23:52Speaker 4: because they forget that police are often used for that
- 23:55Speaker 4: exact scenario. And when I worked at PRAWN, I do
- 23:57Speaker 4: remember a story of an elderly woman going missing from
- 23:59Speaker 4: her Windsor flats and I found her sitting at a
- 24:01Speaker 4: bus stop in her ninety and it's when sat next
- 24:03Speaker 4: to her and said hello you Mavis whatever her name was,
- 24:06Speaker 4: and had a lovely chat with her, and then I
- 24:08Speaker 4: took a home. And this happens all the time in
- 24:10Speaker 4: the community. Don't realize how often that happens. But yeah,
- 24:13Speaker 4: our network could potentially just see the whole path of
- 24:16Speaker 4: someone leaving their residents, walking down the street and ending
- 24:19Speaker 4: up in a park, so you could find someone within
- 24:22Speaker 4: two hours just sitting ashore.
- 24:23Speaker 3: And we've seen situation with the autistic children as well, yep,
- 24:25Speaker 3: who have allegedly disappeared from a property. I need to
- 24:29Speaker 3: be found later on in the property, often in danger
- 24:33Speaker 3: when if you could establish a perimeter, but all the
- 24:36Speaker 3: cameras in the area.
- 24:37Speaker 2: There's no ingress or regress. That's also a real time use.
- 24:41Speaker 4: That's exactly right, and I think I think I know
- 24:44Speaker 4: that police already love this tool because, like I've said earlier,
- 24:47Speaker 4: they don't have time to dawn off. They would love
- 24:49Speaker 4: to if that all the time in the world, they
- 24:51Speaker 4: would send twenty cops out, dawn off every property, get
- 24:53Speaker 4: every piece of footage and find the missing person or
- 24:56Speaker 4: the missing child immediately. You don't join the police force
- 25:00Speaker 4: not to solve crime or not to find missing people.
- 25:03Speaker 4: You wanted to do the best thing, best job you can.
- 25:05Speaker 4: But especially in Victoria, you know they're under a huge
- 25:08Speaker 4: amount of strain. So having a tool weakness, open up
- 25:10Speaker 4: a map and get it all. I mean, it's a
- 25:14Speaker 4: no brainer in my opinion, and even me as a
- 25:16Speaker 4: community member, I want police using this like regardless of
- 25:18Speaker 4: the fact that I'm running the business and it's a
- 25:21Speaker 4: commercial entity, I want police using it. It's just been
- 25:25Speaker 4: heartwarming to see the support from community, from organizations. I
- 25:29Speaker 4: think I'm yet to hear anyone really have a problem
- 25:32Speaker 4: with what I'm doing, and I think that comes down
- 25:34Speaker 4: to the fact that it's a voluntary network. If you
- 25:36Speaker 4: don't want to be involved, there'll always be a portion
- 25:38Speaker 4: of the community that doesn't want to cooperate with police,
- 25:41Speaker 4: and you know that was some of the early feedback
- 25:43Speaker 4: I got from Victoria Police again was that you're not
- 25:46Speaker 4: ever going to have everyone on the network, And I said,
- 25:48Speaker 4: well that's fine, but you also don't have everyone's fingerprints,
- 25:51Speaker 4: and you also don't have everyone's DNA, So how's that
- 25:53Speaker 4: working out for you? Like, it's all part of it's
- 25:56Speaker 4: all avenues of inquiry, and at least with our system
- 25:59Speaker 4: you can say, well, along this street we've got ten houses,
- 26:02Speaker 4: five are registered. I can say we five aren't. So
- 26:06Speaker 4: with the limited resources you do have, howbout we go
- 26:08Speaker 4: after the houses that aren't registered instead of door knocking
- 26:11Speaker 4: your ten. So I'm like, there's all these all these examples.
- 26:15Speaker 2: Yeah, back to the Jill mar example. Yes, one camera,
- 26:18Speaker 2: a couple of cameras made all the difference.
- 26:20Speaker 3: And you think about what's an acceptable level of voluntary
- 26:24Speaker 3: inclusion in this system would.
- 26:26Speaker 2: Make a huge difference.
- 26:27Speaker 4: Doesn't have to be blanket, as you say, It could
- 26:28Speaker 4: be one camera that makes a difference. I'm speaking to
- 26:31Speaker 4: the Bedfordshire Police in London in two weeks and I
- 26:33Speaker 4: got an email from my contact over there and there
- 26:36Speaker 4: was a synagogue attack that just happened in Manchester. I
- 26:38Speaker 4: think and I got sent the latest media and it
- 26:42Speaker 4: was a ring camera that captured the offender's car going
- 26:46Speaker 4: past a house and a hubcap was missing on the car.
- 26:50Speaker 4: And apparently that was a critical piece of evidence to
- 26:52Speaker 4: confirm the identity of that offender. And that just came
- 26:54Speaker 4: from a tiny ring camera on someone's front door and
- 26:57Speaker 4: it saw a cargo past four minutes before the attack happened,
- 27:00Speaker 4: and for whatever reason, I don't know the full story,
- 27:02Speaker 4: but that was a critical piece of eviden It's the
- 27:03Speaker 4: same as Jill Mar and that's innocuous two hundred dollars
- 27:07Speaker 4: doorbell camera on someone's front door, and the Dull Mar
- 27:09Speaker 4: example is it's casing point for me, It really is.
- 27:12Speaker 4: And what's interesting is that that was an internal camera.
- 27:15Speaker 4: That was a camera actually inside and I use the
- 27:17Speaker 4: screenshot all the time and we all it's probably all
- 27:19Speaker 4: ingrained in our memory. It was an internal store camera
- 27:23Speaker 4: looking at their front door. You can even see annequins
- 27:25Speaker 4: and stock. It's a camera that traditionally you wouldn't think
- 27:28Speaker 4: would be of any value and walking past, even as
- 27:31Speaker 4: doing a canvas as a police officer, you could look
- 27:33Speaker 4: into that store and not see it. Because some of
- 27:35Speaker 4: these stores have quite discrete cameras for obvious reason, for
- 27:39Speaker 4: Robby's reasons, but sometimes they're quite overt. But as an
- 27:41Speaker 4: investigator might well pass looking the store, I can't see
- 27:45Speaker 4: any cameras, so you actually write that address off and
- 27:47Speaker 4: go no cameras. So on your log you say there's
- 27:49Speaker 4: no cameras found at the Dutchess Boutique. Wrongly there was
- 27:52Speaker 4: a camera. So that kind of thing is dangerous. And
- 27:55Speaker 4: again even whether can impact to this if there's been
- 27:57Speaker 4: an incident in someone's street and it's pouring with rain
- 28:00Speaker 4: and you're not going to get a team of police
- 28:02Speaker 4: going out there and door knocking au So notify all
- 28:05Speaker 4: the houses by SMS and by email perfect and they
- 28:08Speaker 4: could be able to see. So they could be in
- 28:09Speaker 4: the Greek Islands having a cocktail, get a notification from us.
- 28:13Speaker 4: Can you see Checkie Cameron's for a red cargoing past.
- 28:16Speaker 4: They could approve all of that from anywhere in the world.
- 28:19Speaker 3: One of my great heroes in policing was the former
- 28:22Speaker 3: Chief commission Victoria mic Miller. He's to talk about the
- 28:25Speaker 3: fact that in a totalitarian society, the police for the
- 28:28Speaker 3: instrument of totalitarianism and equally when it's working right, police
- 28:34Speaker 3: work with the.
- 28:34Speaker 2: Assent of the community appeals principles. If you go back
- 28:38Speaker 2: to you let those the acntemts.
- 28:39Speaker 4: Yeah, that set me right back. Yeah.
- 28:41Speaker 3: Yeah, Well, you know, you are just the community in
- 28:43Speaker 3: a uniform doing what the community wants. And we've had
- 28:46Speaker 3: a bit of a drift away from some of those principles,
- 28:48Speaker 3: and people want to live compartmentalized lives, but away from
- 28:52Speaker 3: their social responsibilities. And I think what you're talking about
- 28:55Speaker 3: is fundamental to reviving some of those vibes.
- 28:59Speaker 2: I suspect you're going to spend a lot of time
- 29:00Speaker 2: talking to politicians.
- 29:02Speaker 4: Yeah. I was only talking to someone about that yesterday.
- 29:03Speaker 4: I've tried to avoid it a full experience.
- 29:07Speaker 2: I teach them fans for about two seconds like mine.
- 29:10Speaker 4: I think, yes, it's inevitable. And I was told very
- 29:14Speaker 4: early on that this would end up being a political
- 29:17Speaker 4: hot potato at some point in your way, and it
- 29:18Speaker 4: hasn't quite hit that yet. I've had opportunities to speak
- 29:21Speaker 4: with some ministers which I haven't activated yet because I'm
- 29:24Speaker 4: just trying to refine my message for that because it's
- 29:26Speaker 4: the thing I have to do very carefully.
- 29:28Speaker 2: How did this come out of your police and career.
- 29:29Speaker 3: Why did you join the police in the first place,
- 29:31Speaker 3: and did you see yourself ending up in this place?
- 29:33Speaker 2: Sure you didn't.
- 29:35Speaker 4: You mentioned a missing child earlier. I made a very
- 29:37Speaker 4: early decision to join the police force when I was
- 29:39Speaker 4: about six. You might remember this. A little boy went
- 29:42Speaker 4: missing at Tidle River in Wilson's prom in the late eighties.
- 29:46Speaker 4: He was a young autistic boy. I think he was nine.
- 29:49Speaker 4: He went missing on a walk with his family. Police
- 29:51Speaker 4: came down his es did a search. We were staying
- 29:53Speaker 4: there at the time as a family. I was about six,
- 29:55Speaker 4: and there's a famous photo of me sitting in the
- 29:57Speaker 4: air wing tropper at Tidle River and big beaming smile
- 30:01Speaker 4: on my face. And I think that might have been
- 30:02Speaker 4: when I decided to join the police.
- 30:04Speaker 5: The hild Brand fam yes, nine year old Patrick Hildebrand
- 30:07Speaker 5: went missing in nineteen eighty seven while in a family
- 30:10Speaker 5: bushwalk at Wilson's Promontory in Victoria. Patrick, who was mildly autistic,
- 30:15Speaker 5: when ahead of the family and was never seen again
- 30:18Speaker 5: despite a massive search.
- 30:20Speaker 4: I think that was my earliest memory, and my family
- 30:23Speaker 4: got me a little cut down uniform and I had
- 30:25Speaker 4: a hat after all that, and then.
- 30:28Speaker 2: You got to send me a picture of that You've
- 30:30Speaker 2: got somewhere.
- 30:30Speaker 4: Yeah, I've one. I was actually sitting it in front
- 30:32Speaker 4: of my TV at home, cut down the old ceremonial
- 30:36Speaker 4: cap when I was just when I got back from
- 30:38Speaker 4: Wilson's prom when I realized I wanted to be a cop.
- 30:40Speaker 4: So yeah, I went into technology. I got sucked into
- 30:42Speaker 4: tech in the late nineties. Started a business when I
- 30:44Speaker 4: was sixteen, building websites in nineteen ninety eight. So I've
- 30:48Speaker 4: always been kind of that minded that I want to
- 30:51Speaker 4: use tech for good. And when I left Union did
- 30:55Speaker 4: a tech degree. I left Union, worked in I create
- 30:58Speaker 4: another business for two and a half years, again building websites,
- 31:00Speaker 4: but I left that to join the police force because
- 31:03Speaker 4: I wanted more, and ironically that's the recruitment campaign at
- 31:07Speaker 4: the moment, built for more. But I didn't see any
- 31:10Speaker 4: social impact in what I was doing. And I often
- 31:12Speaker 4: joke about websites. I was just changing different shades of orange.
- 31:15Speaker 4: I'm like, why am I doing this? What purpose? There's
- 31:16Speaker 4: got to be more to life than this. I saw
- 31:18Speaker 4: a friend who was in the job and I'm like,
- 31:20Speaker 4: hang on a second, if he can do it, I
- 31:21Speaker 4: can do it. And then I set back all these
- 31:23Speaker 4: memories from when I was a kid, and then yeah,
- 31:25Speaker 4: I had a few sleepless nights and joined the police
- 31:26Speaker 4: force two thousand and five on the van. On the van,
- 31:30Speaker 4: How was that interesting? I was lucky. I went to
- 31:33Speaker 4: transit for the first year, so when I joined, we
- 31:35Speaker 4: didn't actually have PSOs. It was a few years before
- 31:37Speaker 4: PSOs came in, so I had an interesting first year.
- 31:40Speaker 4: I was on trains, riding up and down train lines,
- 31:43Speaker 4: and we had cars at different stations, so i'd play
- 31:45Speaker 4: close playing clothes. About three months in, but initially in uniform,
- 31:49Speaker 4: and then I got into a specialist department where I
- 31:51Speaker 4: was chasing people who were wanted on warrants, and that's
- 31:53Speaker 4: where I got my taste of catching crooks. Yeah, less
- 31:56Speaker 4: than six months out, I was stoked.
- 31:58Speaker 2: Yeah.
- 31:58Speaker 4: I went and found a woman who did not want
- 32:00Speaker 4: to be found out and a weird caravan park out
- 32:03Speaker 4: in Yarrow Junction somewhere really did not want to be
- 32:06Speaker 4: found found her. I found another guy who we'd been
- 32:09Speaker 4: wanted for over two years, I think, and I found
- 32:11Speaker 4: out he needed methadone, and I think we still have
- 32:14Speaker 4: the methodone program where you've got a register to get
- 32:17Speaker 4: methadone from a pharmacy. And I'm like, well, that makes sense.
- 32:20Speaker 4: So I spoke to the methadone registry. Basically, I said
- 32:23Speaker 4: is this person registered? And they said yes. I said,
- 32:25Speaker 4: where does he pick up his methodone? Where's the authorized pharmacy?
- 32:28Speaker 4: And I was in Corfield. So I went to the
- 32:30Speaker 4: pharmacy and they keep a log of everyone that comes
- 32:32Speaker 4: in to collect their methadone. I said, when does this
- 32:34Speaker 4: person generally come in to collect and they said, you know,
- 32:37Speaker 4: every Tuesday between ten and twelve. So we just hung
- 32:40Speaker 4: outside the pharmacy. The next Tuesday from nine point thirty,
- 32:44Speaker 4: sure enough walks past with a hatt and Sunny's on
- 32:46Speaker 4: and we just jumped on him. And I thought, that's awesome.
- 32:48Speaker 4: And that was six months after graduating, And yeah, I
- 32:51Speaker 4: just got a real taste for that.
- 32:52Speaker 2: Excuse the part drug uses us certainly creatures of habit.
- 32:55Speaker 4: Yeah, thank god in that in that scenario, I didn't
- 32:57Speaker 4: change his routine, but yeah, I love that. And then
- 33:00Speaker 4: on the van a year later in two thousand and
- 33:02Speaker 4: six at Paran, that was an experience. Loved it. Chappel Street,
- 33:07Speaker 4: the hospitality scene and had everything in brand. But he
- 33:11Speaker 4: loved that and then did some attempts at Bona, the
- 33:13Speaker 4: Arm Crime Task Force at box Hill, wrote at Borundara
- 33:16Speaker 4: for a little while and then went to the Regional
- 33:19Speaker 4: Response Unit in two thousand and nine for two years
- 33:22Speaker 4: that was in the city, so we're basically drug unit.
- 33:25Speaker 4: Everything we did was structs. But that introduced me to
- 33:28Speaker 4: the world of telephan intercepts surveillance. Absolutely loved that. I
- 33:32Speaker 4: had a sergeant who's exim robbery squad back in the day,
- 33:35Speaker 4: John Kerno. He was a great sergeant, very gung ho,
- 33:37Speaker 4: got us into everything, big jobs Johnny as we used
- 33:40Speaker 4: to call him. He was my great sergeant at the time.
- 33:43Speaker 4: But yeah, I got introduced to televihon interceptions s falance
- 33:45Speaker 4: and that's where I loved that because that was a
- 33:46Speaker 4: really good hybrid of my tech background and my love
- 33:49Speaker 4: of law enforcement. So listening to people's phones and understanding
- 33:53Speaker 4: how phones are tracked around the mobile network was fascinating.
- 33:57Speaker 4: And back to Jill mar that was a key part
- 34:00Speaker 4: of that investigation as well, was tracking his phone as
- 34:02Speaker 4: it headed up to Gisbon. Loved the exposure of that
- 34:05Speaker 4: and That was fantastic. I got my first detectives stop
- 34:07Speaker 4: at the Stadi Intele Division under Stuart Bateson, and he
- 34:10Speaker 4: was legend of.
- 34:11Speaker 2: The Paranotas sports. There were gangline war. Yeah.
- 34:13Speaker 4: Yeah, I've stayed in touch and I didn't always.
- 34:15Speaker 2: Get on Please give him my bed, tell him, you know,
- 34:19Speaker 2: let bygones be by gone.
- 34:20Speaker 3: He was wonderful because they want listen to my calls
- 34:22Speaker 3: with Carl Williams and it was completely infuriating because there
- 34:26Speaker 3: I was, jolly and Carl Williams along, you know, it
- 34:28Speaker 3: was a thought in this side and I just cecerely apologize.
- 34:32Speaker 4: I'll tell him. Yeah, it was great learning from him
- 34:34Speaker 4: as a young detective. Neil Patterson was the AC at
- 34:37Speaker 4: the time. I'm still good friends with Neil as well.
- 34:39Speaker 4: He's now obviously left the police force, but did two
- 34:42Speaker 4: years there. It stayed in tele division and that was fascinating.
- 34:44Speaker 4: That's probably a whole other story. But I had portfolios,
- 34:48Speaker 4: so I wasn't investigating crime. I was investigating themes. So
- 34:52Speaker 4: one of my themes was environmental terrorism, so it was
- 34:55Speaker 4: my job to actually go out and befriend protesters. So
- 35:00Speaker 4: I spent a lot of time in Gippsland with forestry
- 35:02Speaker 4: protesters literally sitting around a campfire just trying to understand undercover.
- 35:08Speaker 4: No they knew I was police. Yeah, yeah, so strange,
- 35:12Speaker 4: But I got.
- 35:14Speaker 3: That kind of persona to be honest that where people
- 35:16Speaker 3: would say, why am I telling.
- 35:17Speaker 2: You all this?
- 35:18Speaker 4: It's very funny you say that because that My wife
- 35:21Speaker 4: gives me a lot of stick about that. But people
- 35:23Speaker 4: tell me to say that exact thing all my life.
- 35:25Speaker 2: They always have.
- 35:25Speaker 4: I don't know why I'm telling you this, but I am.
- 35:27Speaker 4: And the next part of the story is that when
- 35:29Speaker 4: I went to the FED, so I became a full
- 35:31Speaker 4: time human source handler, so we call them case managers.
- 35:34Speaker 4: But I spent three years managing some of the most
- 35:37Speaker 4: high risk international human sources on the planet in conjunction
- 35:40Speaker 4: with the DEA and FBI, Homeland Security, NCAA, And obviously
- 35:46Speaker 4: I can't talk about a lot of it, but that
- 35:48Speaker 4: was some of the most fascinating years of my life.
- 35:51Speaker 4: My wife and friends might say otherwise, because I couldn't
- 35:53Speaker 4: go anywhere without taking phone calls. I had a gun
- 35:56Speaker 4: with me all the time, had a car laptop, I
- 35:58Speaker 4: had five phones. At one point, I had three different wallets,
- 36:02Speaker 4: had all kinds of stuff and that was fascinating, fascinating
- 36:06Speaker 4: part of my career.
- 36:08Speaker 2: The one at an end.
- 36:09Speaker 4: It's another good question. I spent about eighteen months in
- 36:12Speaker 4: Canberra on promotion into different areas. I worked on a
- 36:14Speaker 4: national biometric system back to facial recognition. I was called
- 36:18Speaker 4: up to give operational support to a system that NEC
- 36:21Speaker 4: was building for facial recognition nationally, and all of my
- 36:25Speaker 4: promotional opportunities longer term were in Canberra. Then I had
- 36:28Speaker 4: young kids and I just was not in a position
- 36:30Speaker 4: to move to Canberra, so I went back to vic Pole,
- 36:32Speaker 4: just temporarily as a senior IT manager there in the
- 36:35Speaker 4: surveillance area. And then my wife got a little bit
- 36:37Speaker 4: ill and I had to resign from Big Pole to
- 36:39Speaker 4: help run her company. And that's what I've been doing
- 36:41Speaker 4: all through COVID, and that's why I'm probably back into
- 36:43Speaker 4: this now, because she's better and the company's fine, and
- 36:46Speaker 4: I can get back into law enforcement again from the
- 36:48Speaker 4: other side of the fence, other side.
- 36:49Speaker 3: Because like, you're the kind of officer who Vic Pole
- 36:54Speaker 3: would would cry tears of blood to lose fifteen years
- 36:57Speaker 3: of investment in you, all the high tech, all the
- 36:59Speaker 3: experience all that great stuff and you walk out the door.
- 37:03Speaker 4: Yeah. I actually spoke to someone very similar to me
- 37:06Speaker 4: who has just gone off sit long term sickly from
- 37:08Speaker 4: vic Pole and that's exactly how I would describe him.
- 37:10Speaker 4: A huge loss for Victoria Police. And yeah, he's a
- 37:13Speaker 4: perfect example of someone they really should have not let
- 37:15Speaker 4: slip through their fingers. And it's happening really regularly. I
- 37:18Speaker 4: was having a conversation with the New Zealand police officer
- 37:20Speaker 4: a couple of days ago, and she's only a year
- 37:22Speaker 4: into the job in New Zealand, but she's struggling with
- 37:24Speaker 4: the culture there and things. And I said, well, she
- 37:28Speaker 4: said the same thing. You know, people tell me things
- 37:29Speaker 4: that they don't know why they're telling me. I said, perfect,
- 37:32Speaker 4: stick with the job, look for an intel job, look
- 37:34Speaker 4: for a human sauce job. Like you love being in
- 37:37Speaker 4: the police, but maybe you're not suited for uniform Not
- 37:39Speaker 4: everyone's suited for general duties policing. That's not everyone's vibe.
- 37:42Speaker 4: So when I told her about my career, she was
- 37:44Speaker 4: just like, oh my god, I hadn't thought about that.
- 37:46Speaker 4: And I said, give the dedicated source unit a call
- 37:48Speaker 4: and see if there's tempts you can do, see if
- 37:49Speaker 4: there's courses you can do that. Softer side of policing
- 37:54Speaker 4: isn't a weakness. And you know, whenever I spoke to crooks,
- 37:57Speaker 4: i'd remove the table. It's the old probably Stewart bateson
- 37:59Speaker 4: a homicide investigation style. I picked that up very early.
- 38:02Speaker 4: Get the table out of the way, move the chairs
- 38:04Speaker 4: next to each other, like all of that really subtle stuff.
- 38:07Speaker 4: And I loved that. And I got my first human
- 38:09Speaker 4: source when I was a prans it would have been
- 38:10Speaker 4: two thousand and six, as a young kid. He was
- 38:13Speaker 4: drug dealing at the Love Machine. We picked him up.
- 38:16Speaker 4: He was just trying to move counterfeit currency through the
- 38:18Speaker 4: nightclub and we picked him up and charged him. But
- 38:21Speaker 4: same thing. He started telling me things he'd never told anyone,
- 38:24Speaker 4: and he became my human source. And that was eight
- 38:27Speaker 4: ten months out of the academy and I'd already recruited
- 38:28Speaker 4: a source. I was lucky that I had a senior
- 38:30Speaker 4: Connie that allowed that, and he didn't take that person on.
- 38:33Speaker 4: He could have tried to do it himself, but he
- 38:35Speaker 4: was a very supportive senior Connie. So I think I
- 38:37Speaker 4: was lucky. But yeah, that human element I've always loved.
- 38:41Speaker 2: Please tell me you were involved in the lawyer ex
- 38:44Speaker 2: Nicola Gobbo human source.
- 38:45Speaker 4: And Debarcle no comment.
- 38:48Speaker 3: Wow, it's such a difficult So we're getting off track
- 38:51Speaker 3: a little bit here, But I think this it's important
- 38:52Speaker 3: because the human element is so important and managing these
- 38:56Speaker 3: people is so critical, and giving police officers the latitude
- 39:00Speaker 3: to be able to create these relationships without the fear
- 39:02Speaker 3: not just of making a mistake, but their colleagues going
- 39:05Speaker 3: there's some fishy gun and then suddenly got the internal
- 39:07Speaker 3: investigations on them and all kind of stuff, and I
- 39:09Speaker 3: think that has put everything back a long way.
- 39:13Speaker 2: The stuff up around that.
- 39:14Speaker 4: Well, it's actually quite relevant to CCTV and surveillance because
- 39:17Speaker 4: back to my point about avenues of inquiry for an investigation,
- 39:20Speaker 4: they're dwindling. I mean, police can't listen to phones like
- 39:23Speaker 4: they used to. And now with the Lawyer X issue,
- 39:26Speaker 4: I know for a fact that Victoria Police is struggling
- 39:29Speaker 4: to recruit human sources. And for a long time they've
- 39:32Speaker 4: been critical to major investigations, as you would know from
- 39:34Speaker 4: your Parana days. So if you've got encryption stopping electronic
- 39:39Speaker 4: surveillance or hindering it to a large degree less human sources.
- 39:43Speaker 4: What are your other traditional avenues of inquiry. You've got fingerprints,
- 39:47Speaker 4: DNA witnesses, CCTV, So CCTV is basically a digital witness
- 39:51Speaker 4: that's recording twenty four to seven and police aren't making
- 39:54Speaker 4: the best use of it. So they kind of already
- 39:56Speaker 4: got one anti behind the back and without maximizing the
- 39:59Speaker 4: avenue's inquiry they do have. They've just seen cases slip
- 40:02Speaker 4: through their fingers.
- 40:03Speaker 2: Because having all that material.
- 40:05Speaker 3: I imagine when you go into the interview room with
- 40:07Speaker 3: your suspect and you already know the answers to the
- 40:11Speaker 3: questions you're asking him.
- 40:13Speaker 2: So if you can let him know that, you're much
- 40:16Speaker 2: more likely to be able to bend.
- 40:18Speaker 4: Him into working with you. And imagine, Yeah, we call
- 40:20Speaker 4: it leverage. It depends on the type of person and
- 40:23Speaker 4: what you want them to do. You know, there's agencies
- 40:26Speaker 4: like the DEA that use leverage extremely partially because sentencing
- 40:30Speaker 4: in the US is extraordinary. Like, you get caught with marijuana,
- 40:32Speaker 4: you go to prison for ten years. So for someone
- 40:35Speaker 4: caught with a little bit of cannabis facing ten years prison,
- 40:37Speaker 4: they're always going to work with you. Whereas in Australia
- 40:39Speaker 4: we don't have that kind of sentencing, which I think
- 40:41Speaker 4: is a good thing, but that leverage can be hard
- 40:44Speaker 4: to identify what will work for what person. Some people
- 40:46Speaker 4: will be motivated by money, some people will motivate it
- 40:49Speaker 4: by revenge. You kind of got to figure out the
- 40:51Speaker 4: psychological aspect more than just a legal aspect.
- 40:55Speaker 3: There is that moment you can go look, listen, I
- 40:57Speaker 3: know what you're saying, but here's the picture of you
- 41:00Speaker 3: walking on the street right near that, and here's the
- 41:02Speaker 3: next picture of you there, and you know, all we
- 41:04Speaker 3: need is to confirm this and let's let me do it.
- 41:08Speaker 4: Go, Yeah, exactly. So I mean I say this a
- 41:10Speaker 4: little bit about our bail laws as well in Victoria,
- 41:12Speaker 4: and another use for our CCTV system is exactly what
- 41:16Speaker 4: you described where I remember doing ramand briefs or remand
- 41:20Speaker 4: hearings in front of a bail justice at pran where
- 41:23Speaker 4: you haven't got a lot of evidence. At that point.
- 41:25Speaker 4: You kind of know that they've been charged, they've been
- 41:27Speaker 4: caught on the hop, but you don't know the full
- 41:29Speaker 4: extent of how violent the crime was or how they
- 41:32Speaker 4: really behaved. Something that would be on CCTV for example.
- 41:36Speaker 4: So you're giving a very small amount of evidence to
- 41:38Speaker 4: a magistrate or a bail justice to try and remard
- 41:40Speaker 4: that person. My system would give those informants more evidence
- 41:44Speaker 4: at that early stage to make that remand hearing stronger,
- 41:48Speaker 4: which in turn would make them less likely to get bail.
- 41:52Speaker 4: Because it never really gets talked about in the media
- 41:54Speaker 4: that this magistrate gave this person bail or this bail
- 41:57Speaker 4: justice gave this person bail. It's like, well, it's up
- 41:59Speaker 4: to the informant to put a strong enough case to
- 42:03Speaker 4: that person to and if you're putting slop in front
- 42:07Speaker 4: of a bail justice or in front of a magistrate,
- 42:09Speaker 4: of course they're going to get bail because you've only
- 42:11Speaker 4: had a few hours to start setting up that investigation.
- 42:14Speaker 4: If you've caught them, you know, just around in the
- 42:16Speaker 4: corner from a burg or whatever, so you haven't got
- 42:19Speaker 4: a lot of evidence to put to them yet, it
- 42:21Speaker 4: might generate enough cause for them to be reminded. So
- 42:24Speaker 4: if you can put camera footage from MY network to
- 42:27Speaker 4: them where it shows them holding a massive machete, it
- 42:29Speaker 4: shows the victim screaming and how close they were to
- 42:32Speaker 4: murdering them. In actual vivid detail. As a magistrate, I'd
- 42:36Speaker 4: be like, oh, that's that's very serious. I mean you
- 42:39Speaker 4: can put it in writing, but seeing it in video footage,
- 42:41Speaker 4: I might be actually, I'm not going to I'm not
- 42:43Speaker 4: going to give you bail. So I think whatever we
- 42:46Speaker 4: can do to support our informants to make a stronger case,
- 42:50Speaker 4: that essentially will also make people make it harder for
- 42:53Speaker 4: people to get bail.
- 42:54Speaker 3: Sadly, I feel like you're going to need another Jill
- 42:57Speaker 3: mar case or a Clio in Western Australia, one of
- 43:01Speaker 3: these ones that captures I'll never forget that the days
- 43:05Speaker 3: when that fill my investigation was going on, and the
- 43:07Speaker 3: whole city was grouped by this we want an answer,
- 43:10Speaker 3: we want an answer, and if you could just distill
- 43:13Speaker 3: that unified feeling you had no problems.
- 43:17Speaker 4: Well that's interesting. After Jill mar there was millions of
- 43:19Speaker 4: dollars pumped into CCTV, so the federal government chipped in,
- 43:23Speaker 4: stakement chipped in. I don't have the figures, but it
- 43:26Speaker 4: was somewhere around five million dollars, which is in a
- 43:28Speaker 4: lot in these maybe it's more now, but a lot
- 43:31Speaker 4: of cameras got installed after Jill Mar, so I think
- 43:34Speaker 4: we just get complacent and we just we settle back
- 43:37Speaker 4: down to our old ways and we don't invest in
- 43:39Speaker 4: these things. It's like any after era terrorist after September eleven,
- 43:42Speaker 4: how much security changed in airports. It's just a it's
- 43:45Speaker 4: a reflex thing. And like you've said all along that
- 43:48Speaker 4: you kind of don't want to make these changes unless
- 43:50Speaker 4: you're forced to.
- 43:51Speaker 2: Well, it's right.
- 43:51Speaker 3: I mean, you see, on the DNA side, we've already
- 43:53Speaker 3: got the technology around forensic investory of genealogical searching, which
- 43:58Speaker 3: means that all those offended DNA that's unknown, unknown human remains,
- 44:03Speaker 3: there's answers to all those cases right now. If we
- 44:06Speaker 3: could get the commercial databases like ancestry to my Heritage
- 44:10Speaker 3: and so forth to actually hand it over.
- 44:12Speaker 4: And isn't that fascinating? People are willing to hand the
- 44:14Speaker 4: DNA over to those organizations, and people aren't willing to
- 44:17Speaker 4: say to my network, they've got cameras. It's just like
- 44:20Speaker 4: this is what I mean about people pick and choose
- 44:22Speaker 4: where they want to get into this technology, but they're
- 44:24Speaker 4: absorbing it anyway. They're giving the DNA to a private
- 44:27Speaker 4: organization just to see who their great grandparents were been
- 44:30Speaker 4: speaking of DNA. You know, we're talking today in Easy Street.
- 44:33Speaker 4: Fitzroy and Easy Street murders were a few hundred meters
- 44:35Speaker 4: away back in nineteen seventy seven and that was solved
- 44:38Speaker 4: through DNA.
- 44:39Speaker 3: What's right on the knife alleged go to the core
- 44:42Speaker 3: process and the case is based around DNA which they've
- 44:46Speaker 3: had for a very long time. And the forensic unit
- 44:48Speaker 3: at McLeod has a whole cold case full of I
- 44:51Speaker 3: mean identified in the Mister Cruel series of abductions that
- 44:54Speaker 3: they had DNA in at least two cases. And yet
- 44:57Speaker 3: we're still talking about one offender when we could be
- 45:00Speaker 3: now looking at three or four different scenarios and locking
- 45:04Speaker 3: people upstairs.
- 45:05Speaker 2: Yep, you know.
- 45:06Speaker 3: I think it's the technology is there, The public debate
- 45:09Speaker 3: has to be had and you're part of that.
- 45:11Speaker 2: Do you feel like a pioneer?
- 45:12Speaker 4: I do a little bit. I feel sick some days
- 45:14Speaker 4: because I realize I'm getting into something. I say to
- 45:17Speaker 4: my wife sometimes like what am I doing? Like I
- 45:20Speaker 4: have these days where I just have this mini panic
- 45:22Speaker 4: attacks for a microsecond and then I'll get myself together.
- 45:25Speaker 4: But I do feel like that I have always been
- 45:29Speaker 4: a visionary, but I'm waiting into a very complex environment privacy, ethics, stakeholders,
- 45:37Speaker 4: like our platform is basically built. I've spent the last
- 45:39Speaker 4: two months just making phone calls, emails, flying to camera,
- 45:43Speaker 4: find a Sydney, educating people. That's where I think most
- 45:47Speaker 4: of the time will be spent.
- 45:48Speaker 3: Yeah, because you think of it, there's waking moments. He's
- 45:51Speaker 3: making micro panics and whatnot. You know, if I was
- 45:53Speaker 3: still in the forest, i'd probably be a superintendent.
- 45:56Speaker 2: Now, I'll be on the way to.
- 45:57Speaker 3: Being an assistant commission I'll be involved away and i'd
- 45:59Speaker 3: be involved in maintaining the status quiet.
- 46:03Speaker 4: You weren't happy with that, No, I don't think I could.
- 46:05Speaker 4: I've toyed with going back, you know, potentially rose colored glasses.
- 46:08Speaker 4: I talk to a lot of people still on the
- 46:10Speaker 4: job clearly, and what I love being in the private
- 46:13Speaker 4: sector is our atility to do what we need to
- 46:16Speaker 4: do when we need to do it. And I would
- 46:20Speaker 4: categorically not get that privilege of I went back to
- 46:22Speaker 4: Victoria Belie. You know, I think they're a big, slow
- 46:25Speaker 4: moving organization. I think i'd find that inherently frustrating, and
- 46:29Speaker 4: I did in twenty nineteen when I was there I'm
- 46:31Speaker 4: very frustrated.
- 46:31Speaker 2: I think after this interview that door was closed. Anyways,
- 46:35Speaker 2: I love it, I love vic poll part.
- 46:36Speaker 4: Yeah, but I times it it.
- 46:37Speaker 3: Takes courage because I think what we're going to see
- 46:39Speaker 3: in police forces around the world, most public institutions is
- 46:41Speaker 3: outsourcing of all kinds of things. Yeah, it's going to
- 46:44Speaker 3: have to happen, and so I think you're part of
- 46:46Speaker 3: that whole trend that's happening.
- 46:48Speaker 2: What are your goals have you have you got a
- 46:49Speaker 2: timeline for this?
- 46:50Speaker 4: I don't have a timeline, but I am very impatient
- 46:54Speaker 4: and I do have a sense of urgency to this
- 46:56Speaker 4: because I know how important it could be or it
- 46:59Speaker 4: is to community. I'd like to see it operational within
- 47:03Speaker 4: eighteen months across Australia. That's what I'm like to see.
- 47:06Speaker 4: But I've just got to be patient with these organizations
- 47:09Speaker 4: that take time. So as much as I'm I have
- 47:12Speaker 4: a sense of urgency, I need to work within the
- 47:13Speaker 4: constraints of government and politics and just keep working with them,
- 47:19Speaker 4: not against them. And that's really important. Like I can't
- 47:21Speaker 4: do this without Laura for Saint, he's getting on board,
- 47:24Speaker 4: and like you've said earlier, I want this to be
- 47:26Speaker 4: community led, but I want it to be government trusted.
- 47:29Speaker 4: So it's a journey.
- 47:31Speaker 3: It is, use the cliche journey without mass, but the
- 47:35Speaker 3: sort of situations you don't need maps, you just need
- 47:37Speaker 3: good shoes.
- 47:38Speaker 4: Yeah, exactly, and I think I'll be replacing my shoes regularly.
- 47:41Speaker 2: Fantastic.
- 47:41Speaker 3: Well, thanks you, Tom that It's been fantastic, really interesting
- 47:43Speaker 3: and debted, and I wish you all the very best
- 47:45Speaker 3: of success in this.
- 47:46Speaker 2: It's going to be a tough, but I think it's
- 47:47Speaker 2: an important thing.
- 47:48Speaker 3: I think it typifies what we need to do with
- 47:52Speaker 3: the community and police to work together towards positive outcomes.
- 47:56Speaker 4: Exactly.
- 47:57Speaker 2: The problem is people don't want to get onto this
- 47:59Speaker 2: until they need it.
- 48:04Speaker 3: That's David Bartleer, this Safer Places network, and you know
- 48:07Speaker 3: the technology is all their people.
- 48:09Speaker 2: We've just got to allow it to be used.
- 48:11Speaker 3: And balance off these privacy issues with the greater good,
- 48:15Speaker 3: which is solving crimes, getting our elderly folks back home,
- 48:18Speaker 3: getting autistic children back with their families. You know, have
- 48:21Speaker 3: you had experiences of this? Do you have CCTV? Are
- 48:23Speaker 3: you prepared to share that footage even in real time?
- 48:27Speaker 3: I think this is the future. People, Please get in touch.
- 48:30Speaker 3: If you have information that can solve a crime, please
- 48:32Speaker 3: call crime Stoppers when it's under a triple three, triple zero.
- 48:36Speaker 3: If you've got a story that you don't trust the
- 48:37Speaker 3: police with, please email me Adam Shanner, writer at gmail
- 48:40Speaker 3: dot com. This has been real time with Adam shanned
- 48:43Speaker 3: Thanks for listening and make sure you subscribe and share
- 48:45Speaker 3: that podcast for more independent journalism.
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