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The Achaemenid Siege of Egypt: Cambyses Conquers the Nile
In 525 BCE, Cambyses II, son of Cyrus the Great, led the Achaemenid army into Egypt and overthrew Pharaoh Psamtik III at the Battle of Pelusium. This episode explores the Persian conquest of Egypt through the lens of Herodotus's cat tale, the logistical miracle of crossing the Sinai desert with Arab water-skin allies, and the controversial rule of Cambyses as satrap. We discuss the integration of Egyptian culture, the role of the Egyptian admiral Udjahorresnet who served under Cambyses and Darius, and the survival of Egyptian temples and administrative practices. We also examine the mixed…
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