Latest / Becker’s Healthcare Podcast / Payment Reform, Physician Independence, and Rebuilding Healthcare’s Architecture with Dutch Rojas
Transcript
- 0:00This is Scott Becker with a special episode
- 0:03of the Becker's health care and the Becker
- 0:05business podcast.
- 0:07We're thrilled today to be joined by Dutch
- 0:09Rojas.
- 0:10And for people that don't know Dutch, Dutch
- 0:12is one of the most interesting,
- 0:14smartest,
- 0:16people in health care who looks at the
- 0:17health care industry.
- 0:19He's got a point of view on a
- 0:20lot of things, which makes him particularly interesting
- 0:22and just a terrific leader.
- 0:24I'm gonna talk to Dutch today. He does
- 0:26a number of things. He consults with physicians.
- 0:28He invests.
- 0:29He he's a thought leader. And we're gonna
- 0:31talk to him about different trends he's watching
- 0:33in health care, and he's an a keen
- 0:36observer of the health care system. He does
- 0:38a lot of keynote speaking. He's got his
- 0:40own newsletter called the the Rojas Report, which
- 0:44is fantastic.
- 0:45And I don't agree with everything that Dutch
- 0:47says. I agree with probably 95% of what
- 0:49he says, but I love the fact that
- 0:51he's got an ardent and consistent point of
- 0:53view.
- 0:54Dutch, can you take a second and introduce
- 0:57yourself and tell the audience a little bit
- 0:59about what you do and the different things
- 1:01that you do?
- 1:02Well, that seems overwhelming, but, yes, I'll I'll
- 1:04do it. Hey. Listen. Thank you for having
- 1:06me on. It's always a joy. I love
- 1:07talking to you. I love your
- 1:10audience.
- 1:11What do we do? Well, I think we
- 1:12tackle the the the architecture and the structure
- 1:15of health care. We look at what's going
- 1:17on today. We say,
- 1:19can we build a company? Can we invest
- 1:21and deploy capital towards companies that begin to
- 1:23solve the challenges?
- 1:25I think it
- 1:26took probably like most people, it took twenty
- 1:28or twenty five years to figure out what
- 1:30the problems actually were. I think that was
- 1:32a really difficult discovery.
- 1:34I certainly made an inordinate amount of mistakes
- 1:37thinking, okay, I've got it solved now. Right?
- 1:40I and I think that's typical, like, high
- 1:42education person, like, hey, I'm smart. I've got
- 1:45it figured out. If you guys just do
- 1:47this, this, and this. And then, of course,
- 1:48you find out, you know, there's 20 things
- 1:50you didn't know. And not only did you
- 1:52not know, but you had no like, you
- 1:53didn't have any notion of knowing.
- 1:56And so you learn those things and you
- 1:58move on. And I think, I know we've
- 2:00talked about this before, but I think I
- 2:02turned 50 this year and I think,
- 2:04man, I think I finally,
- 2:06you know, kinda can look back and say,
- 2:08I think building ASCs, developing ASCs, working at
- 2:11practices, helping build not only small practice but
- 2:14large practices, consulting for
- 2:16physician owned hospitals,
- 2:18rural hospitals,
- 2:19community hospitals,
- 2:21university academic centers. I think it's giving you
- 2:24a good perspective on
- 2:26what do we do from here and how
- 2:28do we move forward.
- 2:30And so I I love that, and and
- 2:32you do have a keen perspective.
- 2:34Talk a bit about The US health care
- 2:36system today.
- 2:37Where is it structurally misaligned right now? Where
- 2:41where is it I mean, and and that's
- 2:43a broad question because you might say it's
- 2:45every place, but is it payment models? Is
- 2:47it workforce? Is it incentives? Is it something
- 2:49else? Where do you see it misaligned?
- 2:52I I do think the the right answer
- 2:54is payment, and I think everything else is
- 2:56downstream.
- 2:57I I think, again, that's back to architecture.
- 3:00Look. The system pays for site of care,
- 3:02not quality of care. Right? A knee replacement
- 3:04at
- 3:05an HOPD
- 3:07pays more or is reimbursed more by CMS
- 3:10than one at an ASC.
- 3:12And I think that's inherently
- 3:14incorrect. I don't think that's how market structure
- 3:17works. I don't think that's how,
- 3:19price dynamics work. I don't think that's how
- 3:21mean reversion works. I don't think that's how
- 3:22any marketplace works.
- 3:24And and so I think, yeah, everything else
- 3:26is downstream from there. I think you look
- 3:28at site neutral payments, we're we're getting some
- 3:31work on that,
- 3:33but we've got a large lobby,
- 3:36that works against it. Look. We had we've
- 3:39had two or three chances
- 3:41to, defeat site neutral payments, and we haven't
- 3:44been able to do it. And so I
- 3:45think until you start paying the same price
- 3:48for the same thing,
- 3:49we have real challenges.
- 3:52Thank you. And and what would you say
- 3:54people talk a lot about transformation in health
- 3:57care, and it seems so challenging right now
- 3:59because it seems like when you look at
- 4:00the Triple Aim, you know, lower cost Yes.
- 4:03Higher quality, better access,
- 4:05it really does feel like we're going in
- 4:07the wrong direction on all three of those.
- 4:09But but can you tell me
- 4:12what's actually are there things going right? What's
- 4:15going right? What do you see? What encourages
- 4:17you?
- 4:18Oh, I gotta tell you. And and this
- 4:20is you know, I I mean, I don't
- 4:21know if I travel as much as you
- 4:23do. I'm gone a couple days a week,
- 4:26but my heart
- 4:27had a moment. And and for those people
- 4:29who know me, you know, I have, like,
- 4:30no feelings whatsoever. I'm completely a Dutch guy.
- 4:34And
- 4:35what I'm seeing is I'm seeing physicians return
- 4:37to independent practice.
- 4:39Look, the the Avalere study, which I really
- 4:41like out of DC, said that 12%
- 4:43are truly independent as of 2024.
- 4:46I think by the end of 2027,
- 4:48we're gonna see,
- 4:51greater than 20%
- 4:52return
- 4:53to the independent practice of medicine. The physicians
- 4:56that sold five to seven years ago, they're
- 4:58out of their non competes, and they're not
- 5:00going back. I mean, I'm having I had
- 5:02discussion in San Francisco about it. I had
- 5:03discussion in, Seattle about it, and then I'm
- 5:06having those discussions in New York. I had
- 5:08one in Wisconsin last week, then you're having
- 5:10them in Dallas. And I think one of
- 5:12the things that, you know, that I've always
- 5:14appreciated about you is you pay attention to
- 5:16the signals.
- 5:17Like, one conversation in one isolated place might
- 5:19be something.
- 5:21But when you're visiting with vascular surgeons, neurosurgeons,
- 5:24ENTs,
- 5:25primary care across the spectrum, and then you
- 5:28do that in different parts of the country,
- 5:30and then they're kind of starting to say
- 5:32the same thing, you have to kinda look
- 5:34at that and go, well, that's a good
- 5:35signal.
- 5:36I'm very happy with the DPC movement, direct
- 5:39primary care movement.
- 5:40I'm seeing more independence move to the cash
- 5:42pay surgery model.
- 5:44I largely tell physicians that the reason we
- 5:47didn't have large scale adoption of direct contracting,
- 5:50meaning
- 5:51employer
- 5:51to physician contracting, was because of the physicians.
- 5:54They wanted to hire an attorney and beat
- 5:56the daylights out of the agreements,
- 5:58but that's changing.
- 5:59We're seeing more movement towards concierge medicine.
- 6:02I I would probably argue that none of
- 6:04that's at scale, but I think the trajectory
- 6:07is real and it's accelerating.
- 6:09The things that
- 6:10maybe
- 6:11are also changing are value based care.
- 6:15We've had great conversations. I was in New
- 6:17York recently.
- 6:18We had great conversations
- 6:20around, can we commoditize
- 6:23labs, imaging,
- 6:24PT,
- 6:25gastro, like, very low on the innovation poll,
- 6:29but can we can we commoditize them in
- 6:32a structure that allows us to build a
- 6:33commodities exchange?
- 6:35So one day, employers
- 6:37and physicians
- 6:38can
- 6:39offer their treatments and services on an exchange,
- 6:41and we can put,
- 6:43pharmaceuticals on an exchange. I think that's a
- 6:45pretty exciting talk, and I think that's where
- 6:47we're moving. So I'm I'm I'm pretty happy.
- 6:49You know? I think three years ago, I
- 6:51was pretty down.
- 6:52And and since then, it's kind of moved
- 6:54moved uphill.
- 6:55I think a fantastic perspective and such a
- 6:58positive perspective. I I love that. Let let
- 7:01me ask you. If you were advising congress
- 7:03today,
- 7:04what would you tell them has to be
- 7:06fixed? And you might have alluded to this
- 7:08already when you talked about the payment system.
- 7:10Where do you start?
- 7:12Look. I think number one, and you you
- 7:14know this about me, I think you repeal
- 7:16the physician owned hospital ban. Like, you have
- 7:19to get rid of it.
- 7:20When you look at rural, right, I live
- 7:22in Oklahoma,
- 7:23it's rural.
- 7:25When you when you drive through Kansas, Missouri,
- 7:29Alabama,
- 7:31Georgia,
- 7:32Mississippi.
- 7:33All of these states have massive rural areas,
- 7:36and many of them, as I've said them,
- 7:38as I've as I've named them, are certificate
- 7:40of need states.
- 7:41Many of them, right, they all have the
- 7:43physician on hospital ban. So people will say,
- 7:45well, we want physicians to go to these
- 7:47rural areas. And I'm like, well, you took
- 7:49away the equity piece. That's 80% of the
- 7:51of of the dollars they could earn. Right?
- 7:54Pro fees are at an all time low.
- 7:56If you if you repeal the physician on
- 7:58hospital band,
- 8:00look, we do I deploy capital today through
- 8:02our fund
- 8:03to physician owned hospitals.
- 8:05So why wouldn't we deploy more at scale
- 8:08towards those efforts
- 8:10if the physician owned hospital ban was repealed?
- 8:13So I I I think that's number one.
- 8:14I'll be I'll be in front of congress
- 8:16on Wednesday next week and Thursday next week.
- 8:18This is this is all I talk about.
- 8:21Of course, we talked about site neutral payments,
- 8:23same procedure, same complexity, same outcome, same payment.
- 8:26Scott, sometimes I feel like I say these
- 8:28things so many times that they just come
- 8:29right out.
- 8:30Like, Like, I just said the site neutral
- 8:31payments thing, and I'm like, how many times
- 8:33have I said that?
- 8:35But but it's but it's so healthy because
- 8:37more and more people have to hear that.
- 8:38Obviously, there's gotta be some contagion to it
- 8:41for it to work. But you talk about
- 8:43the rural health crises
- 8:44and and not being able to track doctors
- 8:46back, not be able to to bring nurses
- 8:48back, and that starts to be the death
- 8:50note of a rural community. So he he
- 8:52can't have health care. People can't really live
- 8:54there, and young families won't go back there.
- 8:56But your point on physician hospitals is so
- 8:58well taken.
- 8:59Just another avenue to make it more attractive
- 9:02for physicians to be in business and and
- 9:04to be able to to fund and and
- 9:05do things in other communities, not just the
- 9:0750 biggest metro communities. I I could not
- 9:10agree more.
- 9:11That's right. Well, look. You you asked about
- 9:13health systems.
- 9:15I wish I had a more amicable
- 9:17relationship with them. I I do,
- 9:20probably not on social media, but offline,
- 9:23I do. And and I think, you know,
- 9:25you're you're you're a business person too.
- 9:28I think there's other
- 9:30architecture that would help them.
- 9:33I think that, you know, when I studied
- 9:36mergers and acquisitions in undergrad and then of
- 9:38course in graduate school,
- 9:39there was this idea that you needed a
- 9:42lot of capital.
- 9:43Right? So I started studying probably ten or
- 9:45fifteen years ago, like, capital light movement.
- 9:48Well, just like we ended up with the
- 9:51PE model, right, which was probably PPE in
- 9:5402/1516.
- 9:57You you've now seen what's happened. Like, people
- 9:59are transitioning.
- 10:00Companies are PE offices are transitioning to family
- 10:03offices, where they basically have more control over
- 10:06what they can invest in versus a very
- 10:09singular thesis. Like, hey, we're just gonna do
- 10:12x y z.
- 10:13And I think health systems,
- 10:16unbeknownst to them, could deploy some of these
- 10:18models which are incredible,
- 10:21but they create a win win between the
- 10:23independent physician
- 10:24and the health system, and they bolster
- 10:27both
- 10:28on the balance sheet. And physicians have traditionally
- 10:31not had a balance sheet. And, of course,
- 10:33that's a whole other topic. But but health
- 10:35system CEOs sit in a place
- 10:37where they don't have to raise additional capital.
- 10:39They don't have to go out to the
- 10:41debt markets, which are
- 10:42have been completely annihilated as far as I'm
- 10:44concerned,
- 10:45especially on the health system side, and they
- 10:47could actually create a win win. So I'm
- 10:49hoping over the next couple years to have
- 10:51these conversations with the larger health systems. I've
- 10:54been having them for about six months.
- 10:56And get them to understand finance,
- 10:59economics, capital markets, and say, you know,
- 11:03you can control or win market share, but
- 11:06you can do it really in a win
- 11:08win avenue,
- 11:09and that will help you. Now you can
- 11:11do that, or you can wait for Congress.
- 11:14I I think the federal government,
- 11:16if if the health systems don't begin to
- 11:18act more rationally,
- 11:20I think then you're gonna see what
- 11:22AOC,
- 11:23doctor Murphy, guys like Mark Cuban are asking
- 11:26for, which is break them up.
- 11:28That is not something that I ever want
- 11:31the government to do, but, you know, everyone's
- 11:33entitled to their opinion, of course. But but
- 11:35I think, like, health system CEOs have a
- 11:37real opportunity to help the country and make
- 11:40significantly more money
- 11:42while helping independent physicians. They just have to
- 11:44choose to do that. So if I was
- 11:46talking to a health system CEO, that's absolutely
- 11:48the first conversation I would have.
- 11:51Love it. And and talk about you see
- 11:53leaders do great things.
- 11:55You see leaders get caught up in sort
- 11:57of playing business
- 11:59or political
- 12:00bureaucracy. You know?
- 12:02And talking about leaders in the not forever
- 12:04to Stratford sector sector, not politicians.
- 12:07But what separates leaders that you admire
- 12:11that are impactful and and doing well versus
- 12:14those that don't? What what do you see
- 12:16as differences?
- 12:18The ones that I really like, and there's
- 12:20quite a few of them,
- 12:21understand
- 12:23and probably have a lot of experience basic,
- 12:26you know, in lots of industries. So so
- 12:28they understand capital markets.
- 12:30They understand governance.
- 12:32They understand,
- 12:33human resources. They understand, like, different pieces of
- 12:36the business, and they know the difference between
- 12:38complexity and complication.
- 12:41Right? So, like, I always say health care
- 12:43is complicated,
- 12:44but don't confuse that for being unsolvable.
- 12:47Right? Like, let's get it down and simplify
- 12:50it. And simplify it relentlessly, like, don't stop.
- 12:54I I think too many executives that I
- 12:56meet around the country,
- 12:58they're too caught up in believing that they're
- 13:01not these problems aren't solvable.
- 13:03And what they don't do is they they
- 13:06live within the restraints
- 13:08of of a lane of a driving lane,
- 13:10and they don't just so well, what if
- 13:12those didn't exist?
- 13:15Right? And so I I think the ones
- 13:17that are stuck in the noise really substitute
- 13:19kind of process for accountability.
- 13:22They wait for something else and they wait
- 13:24for someone else to move. They look for
- 13:26empirical evidence, and I think real and there
- 13:29and there's a there's a bunch of them.
- 13:30There's real visionaries
- 13:32in health care that say, no, no, no.
- 13:34I'll take the first step and I'll lead
- 13:35everybody else.
- 13:37Those are the ones that I think are
- 13:38gonna make real progress coming out, and I
- 13:40think you and I are gonna see it.
- 13:41Look,
- 13:43we haven't had a discussion about AI, you
- 13:44and I, but
- 13:46I mean, that's just gonna rip roar
- 13:49through this industry,
- 13:51and I don't I've seen very few that
- 13:53are ready for it.
- 13:55Or or that can deploy it well in
- 13:57enterprise level versus a a one off level.
- 14:00Dodge, I should ask a question because one
- 14:01of the things you do tremendously well is
- 14:04simplify.
- 14:05And as a leader, people know where you're
- 14:06coming from.
- 14:08You
- 14:08you you you believe the physician owned hospital
- 14:11restrictions should be prohibition should be removed.
- 14:14You believe there should be site neutrality.
- 14:17You believe that some health systems are are
- 14:20wasting a ton of money and spending too
- 14:22much money on top executives.
- 14:24Whether I agree with this all this or
- 14:26not, one of the things about being a
- 14:28leader that is fantastic about yourself is people
- 14:31know where you stand and what you think,
- 14:33what your point of view is. How important
- 14:35is that for leadership? Not so much they
- 14:37know what your political points of view are,
- 14:39but the people know where you stand and
- 14:40what has to be accomplished by the organization
- 14:42that you could simplify that and somebody knows.
- 14:45This is what our system's trying to do.
- 14:46We're trying to provide great care. We're trying
- 14:49to be fantastic in cardiovascular. What whatever it
- 14:51is that the mission is, How important is
- 14:53it that is a leader like you? Is
- 14:55that clear about what trying to accomplish?
- 14:58Well, I'll start by saying,
- 15:00I think I'm highly biased. You you have
- 15:02to remember, like, I grew up,
- 15:05went to school and then played soccer half
- 15:06the day. Right? I went to soccer school.
- 15:08I grew up in The Netherlands.
- 15:10Dutch people are,
- 15:13probably not as direct as the Austrians and
- 15:15the Germans, but we're fairly
- 15:17fairly
- 15:18unconstrained in what we wanna say to other
- 15:20people.
- 15:21And I and then I was in the
- 15:23marine corps.
- 15:24And I think the Marine Corps is a
- 15:26lot like the OR.
- 15:27Right? When rounds are coming down range, you
- 15:29begin to take life very seriously.
- 15:32And you realize it's not a game.
- 15:34And and I found that
- 15:36in a constrained environment, ambiguity is very expensive,
- 15:39and it costs lives.
- 15:41And I think there's a level of seriousness
- 15:45that you have
- 15:47when you've experienced these things. I've been in,
- 15:49I mean, I've spent an inordinate amount of
- 15:51time in the OR with physicians, and you
- 15:53know when it's a life threatening emergency.
- 15:56In the marine corps, when rounds are coming
- 15:59at you, like, you know exactly what's gonna
- 16:02happen. Like, you don't know if you're gonna
- 16:03live or die in the next three seconds.
- 16:05Right? I was a radio operator, and they
- 16:06always said we had four second life.
- 16:08And so I think you get really precise
- 16:11about who decides what, and you eliminate the
- 16:13consensus, you eliminate theater.
- 16:15Like, I want very fast execution.
- 16:20Right? I don't want a weather report, I
- 16:21want production.
- 16:23And I think a lot of organizations
- 16:25double meetings,
- 16:27they they they they do things that sound
- 16:30like best practices,
- 16:32And you have to realize when you're running
- 16:34a world class organization, you can't compromise
- 16:37on what you produce.
- 16:39This is why I've always been for physicians.
- 16:42In the the equation sometimes gets left out,
- 16:44people say you're a physician advocate, which I
- 16:46am, But I'll say it starts with the
- 16:48patient.
- 16:49Like, you spent time at Harvard, I got
- 16:51lucky and got to spend some time at
- 16:52Harvard, and what you learn is, well, you
- 16:55work backwards.
- 16:56And what we said is, well, what's the
- 16:58best way to get the best
- 17:00the best outcomes for patients and the lowest
- 17:02prices?
- 17:03Well, if you work your way backwards, it
- 17:05always leads to independent physicians.
- 17:07That that's how it works.
- 17:08And so, I don't know if you can
- 17:10cut your way to clinical excellence.
- 17:13I think that that leaders who who
- 17:16focus on the mission and put the mission
- 17:18first,
- 17:20I think they produce.
- 17:21And I and I think that's where,
- 17:23you know, this is a real business where
- 17:25people's lives are
- 17:27are are in our charge. I Man, I
- 17:30I don't think I don't think I chose
- 17:31to be in this business. I think God
- 17:32put me in it. And I just kinda
- 17:34said, okay. Well, if this is my lot
- 17:36in life, like, I gotta do the best
- 17:37I can. So,
- 17:39yeah. That that's that that's the best way
- 17:41I can put it. So I'm not it
- 17:43and and and don't be ambiguous.
- 17:46Don't be the corporate guy. I I I
- 17:48love that. I love that. And and I'm
- 17:50gonna give you one more question, Dutch.
- 17:52What are you most focused on and excited
- 17:54about this year? Where are you most focused
- 17:56and excited currently?
- 17:59You and I have talked a little bit
- 18:00about it, but it's all structure. Right? So
- 18:02what I'm trying to do is teach physicians
- 18:04that you've got to cooperate,
- 18:06and you have to continue to compete.
- 18:09And so what I mean by that is,
- 18:11I'm seeing physicians for the very first time
- 18:14understand captives,
- 18:16understand commercial lines of insurance,
- 18:18understand medical malpractice.
- 18:21They're beginning to understand
- 18:23capital markets in in terms of what are
- 18:26the debt markets, how do the debt markets
- 18:28work, what does it mean. One of my
- 18:30most exciting and thrilling events was
- 18:33we had a conversation about boards.
- 18:35And as you know, most physician on hospitals,
- 18:37surgery centers,
- 18:38partnerships,
- 18:40and medical practices, it's like a couple of
- 18:42older docs and a couple of younger docs.
- 18:45Well, somehow,
- 18:47we've convinced a whole bunch of them, call
- 18:49it a 100 plus practices, that they needed
- 18:51a real board.
- 18:53And they've been able to structure
- 18:55a real authentic board by having lots of
- 18:58divergent opinions on it, that all come from
- 19:00experts in their communities.
- 19:02These are the things I'm most excited about.
- 19:04I think teaching Physicians how to build a
- 19:06balance sheet,
- 19:08how to fortify the balance sheet, and how
- 19:10to understand the intrinsic value that they have
- 19:12in their practices,
- 19:13and how that bolsters the balance sheet and
- 19:15makes them stronger so they don't have to
- 19:17sell, but they can create win win environments
- 19:19for themselves and their fellow physicians. It's probably
- 19:22the probably the greatest thing I've gotten to
- 19:23work on and and will continue to for
- 19:25a couple years.
- 19:27Dutch, I absolutely love that. Again, we're talking
- 19:29with Dutch Rojas today. He's an investor.
- 19:31He's the author of the Rojas Report.
- 19:34He writes. He speaks. He's a preeminent voice
- 19:37in health care.
- 19:38Dutch, thank you so much for joining us
- 19:40today on the Becker's Health Care at the
- 19:41Becker Business Media podcast. What a great pleasure
- 19:44to visit with you. Thank you very much.
- 19:46Thank you, sir.