Transcript

33 - Popular History of France from the Earliest Times by Francois Pierre Guillaume Guizot · Popular History of France from the Earliest Times

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Speaker 1: Section thirty three of Volume one, A Popular History of
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Speaker 1: France from the Earliest Times. This is a LibriVox recording.
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Speaker 1: All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain. For more
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Speaker 1: information or to volunteer, please visit LibriVox dot org. Recording
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Speaker 1: by Emily Jomas, Volume one of A Popular History of
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Speaker 1: France from the Earliest Times by Francois Guisu, translated by
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Speaker 1: Robert Black, Chapter sixteen, The Crusades, Their Origin and their Success,
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Speaker 1: Part three. All the army of the Crusaders put themselves
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Speaker 1: in motion to cross Asia Minor from the northwest to
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Speaker 1: the southeast, and to reach Syria. At their arrival before Nicea,
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Speaker 1: they numbered, it is said, five hundred thousand foot and
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Speaker 1: one hundred thousand horse, figures, evidently too great for everything.
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Speaker 1: Indicates that at the opening of the Crusade the three
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Speaker 1: great armies, starting from France and Italy under Godfrey de Bouillon,
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Speaker 1: Boemonde and Raymond of Toulouse, did not reach this number,
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Speaker 1: and they had certainly lost many during their long march,
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Speaker 1: through their sufferings and in their battles. However, that may
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Speaker 1: be after they had marched all in one mass for
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Speaker 1: two days, and had then extended themselves over a larger
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Speaker 1: area for the purpose no doubt of more easily finding provisions.
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Speaker 1: The Crusaders broke up into two main bodies, led one
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Speaker 1: by Godfried de Bouillon and Raymond of Tchouleuse, the other
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Speaker 1: by Boemund and Tancred. On the first of July, at daybreak,
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Speaker 1: this latter body, encamped at a short distance from Doro
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Speaker 1: Laum in Phrygia, saw descending from the neighboring heights a
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Speaker 1: cloud of enemies who burst upon the Christians. First reigned
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Speaker 1: a perfect hail of missiles upon them, and then penetrated
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Speaker 1: into their camp, even to the tents assigned to the women,
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Speaker 1: children and old men. The numerous following of the Crusaders.
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Speaker 1: It was kilige Arslan who, after the fall of Nicea,
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Speaker 1: had raised this new army of Saracens, and was pursuing
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Speaker 1: the conquerors on their march. The battle began in great disorder.
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Speaker 1: The chiefs in person sustained the first shock, and the
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Speaker 1: Duke of Normandy, Robert Shorthouse, took in his hand his
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Speaker 1: white banner embroidered with gold, and waving it over his head,
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Speaker 1: threw himself upon the Turks shouting God willeth it, god
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Speaker 1: willeth It. Bohemond obstinately sought out Killage Arslin in the fray,
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Speaker 1: but at the same time he sent messengers in all
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Speaker 1: haste to Godfrey de Buillum, as yet but a little
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Speaker 1: way off, to summon him to their aid. Godfrey galloped up, and,
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Speaker 1: with some fifty of his knights, preceding the rest of
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Speaker 1: his army, was the first to throw himself into the
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Speaker 1: midst of the Turks. Towards midday, the whole of the
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Speaker 1: first body arrived, with standards flying, with the sound of trumpets,
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Speaker 1: and with the shouting of warriors. Kilhich Arslan and his
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Speaker 1: troops fell back upon the heights whence they had descended
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Speaker 1: the Crusaders without taking breath, ascended in pursuit. The Turks
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Speaker 1: saw themselves shut in by a forest of lances, and
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Speaker 1: fled over wood and rock, and two days afterwards they
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Speaker 1: were still flying, says Albert Avex, though none pursued them,
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Speaker 1: unless it were God himself. The victory of Dora Laam
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Speaker 1: opened the whole country to the Crusaders, and they resumed
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Speaker 1: their march towards Syria, paying their sole attate to not
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Speaker 1: separating again. It was not long before they had to
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Speaker 1: grapple with other dangers against which bravery could do nothing.
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Speaker 1: They were crossing under a broiling sun. Deserted traps which
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Speaker 1: their enemies had taken good care to ravage. Water and
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Speaker 1: forage were not to be had. The men suffered intolerably
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Speaker 1: from thirst. Horses died by hundreds. At the head of
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Speaker 1: their troops marched nights mounted on asses or oxen, their
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Speaker 1: favorite amusement. The chase became impossible for them. For their
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Speaker 1: hawking birds too. The falcons and gair falcons they had
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Speaker 1: brought with them languished and died beneath the excessive heat.
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Speaker 1: One incident obtained for the crusaders a momentary relief. The dogs,
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Speaker 1: which followed the army prowling in all directions one day,
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Speaker 1: returned with their paws and coats wet. They had therefore
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Speaker 1: found water, and the soldiers set themselves to look for it,
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Speaker 1: and in fact discovered a small river in a remote valley.
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Speaker 1: They got water drunk, and more than three hundred men,
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Speaker 1: it is said, were affected by it and died. On
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Speaker 1: arriving in Pisidia, a country intersected by water courses, meadows,
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Speaker 1: and woods. The army rested several days, but at that
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Speaker 1: very point two of its most competent and most respected
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Speaker 1: chiefs were very nearly taken from it. Count Raymond of Toulouse,
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Speaker 1: who was also called Raymond of Saint Jin, fell so
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Speaker 1: ill that the Bishop of Orange was reading over him
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Speaker 1: the prayers for the dying, when one of those present
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Speaker 1: cried out that the Count would assuredly live, for that
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Speaker 1: the prayers of his patron, Saint Jill had obtained for
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Speaker 1: him a truce with death, and Raymond recovered. Godfrey de
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Speaker 1: Bouillon again, whilst riding in a forest, came upon a
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Speaker 1: pilgrim attacked by a bear, and all but fallen a
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Speaker 1: victim to the ferocious beast. The Duke drew his sword
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Speaker 1: and urged his horse against the bear, which, leaving the pilgrim,
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Speaker 1: rushed upon the assailant. The frightened horse reared, Godfrey was
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Speaker 1: thrown and, according to one account, immediately remounted, but according
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Speaker 1: to another, he fell on the contrary together with his horse. However,
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Speaker 1: he sustained a fearful struggle against the bear, and ultimately
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Speaker 1: killed it by plunging his sword up to the hilt
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Speaker 1: into its belly, says William of Tire, but with so
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Speaker 1: great an effort, and after receiving so serious a wound,
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Speaker 1: that his soldiers, hurrying up at the pilgrim's report, found
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Speaker 1: him stretched on the ground, covered with blood and unable
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Speaker 1: to rise, and carried him back to the camp, where
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Speaker 1: he was for several weeks obliged to be carried about
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Speaker 1: in a litter in the rear of the army. Through
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Speaker 1: all these perils they continued to advance, and they were
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Speaker 1: approaching the heights of Tarsus, the bulwark and gate of Syria,
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Speaker 1: when a quarrel which arose between two of the principal
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Speaker 1: crusader chiefs, was like to seriously endanger the concord and
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Speaker 1: strength of the army. Tancred with his men had entered Tarsus,
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Speaker 1: the birthplace of Saint Paul, and had planted his flag there,
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Speaker 1: although later in his arrival Baldwin, brother of Godfrey de Bouillon,
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Speaker 1: claimed a right to the possession of the city, and
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Speaker 1: had his flag set up instead of tankreds, which was
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Speaker 1: thrown into a ditch. During several days, the strife was
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Speaker 1: fierce and even bloody. The soldiers of Baldwin were the
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Speaker 1: more numerous, and those of Tankred considered their chief too gentle,
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Speaker 1: and his bravery so often proved scarcely sufficed to form
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Speaker 1: an excuse for his forbearance. Chief and soldiers, however, at
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Speaker 1: last saw the necessity for reconciliation and made mutual pnasses
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Speaker 1: to sink all animosity. On returning to the general camp,
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Speaker 1: Tankard was received with marked favor, for the majority of
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Speaker 1: the Crusaders, being unconcerned in the quarrel at Tarsus, liked
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Speaker 1: him for his bravery and for his gentleness equally. Baldwin,
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Speaker 1: on the contrary, was much blamed, even by his brother Godfrey,
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Speaker 1: but he was far more ambitious on his own account
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Speaker 1: than devoted to the common cause. He had often heard
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Speaker 1: tell of Armenia and Mesopotamia, their riches, and the large
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Speaker 1: number of Christians living there, almost equally independent of Greeks
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Speaker 1: and Turks, and in hope of finding there a chance
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Speaker 1: of greatly in putting his personal fortunes, he left the
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Speaker 1: army of the Crusaders at Marissa on the very eve
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Speaker 1: of the day on which the chiefs came to the
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Speaker 1: decision that no one should for the future move away
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Speaker 1: from the flag, and taking with him. A weak detachment
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Speaker 1: of two hundred horse and one thousand or twelve hundred
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Speaker 1: foot marched toward Armenia. His name and his presence soon
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Speaker 1: made a stir there, and he got hold of two
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Speaker 1: little towns which received him eagerly. Edessa, the capital of
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Speaker 1: Armenia and metropolis of Mesopotamia, was peopled by Christians, and
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Speaker 1: a Greek governor sent from Constantinople by the Emperor, lived
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Speaker 1: there on payment of a tribute to the Turks. Internal
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Speaker 1: dissensions and the fear, ever, inspired by the vicinity of
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Speaker 1: the Turks, kept the city in a state of lively agitation,
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Speaker 1: and bishop, people and Greek governor all appealed to Baldwin.
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Speaker 1: He presented himself before Odessa with merely a hundred horsemen,
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Speaker 1: having left the remainder of his forces in garrison. At
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Speaker 1: the town he had already occupied. All the population came
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Speaker 1: to meet him, bearing branches of olive and singing chance
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Speaker 1: in honor of their deliverer. But it was not long
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Speaker 1: before outbreaks and alarms began again, and Baldwin looked on
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Speaker 1: at them, waiting for power to be offered him. Still
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Speaker 1: there was no advance. The Greek governor continued where he was,
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Speaker 1: and Baldwin muttered threats of his departure. The popular disquietude
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Speaker 1: was extreme, and the Greek governor old and detested, as
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Speaker 1: he was thought to smooth all by adopting the Latin
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Speaker 1: chief and making him his heir. This, however, caused but
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Speaker 1: a short respite. Baldwin left the governor to be massacred.
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Speaker 1: In a fresh outbreak. The people came and offered him
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Speaker 1: the government, and he became Prince of Odessa and ere
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Speaker 1: long of all the neighboring country, without thinking any more
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Speaker 1: of Jerusalem, of which nevertheless he was destined at no
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Speaker 1: distant day to be king. Whilst Baldwin was thus acquiring
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Speaker 1: for himself and himself alone the first Latin principality belonging
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Speaker 1: to the Crusaders in the East, his brother Godfrey and
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Speaker 1: the main Christian army were crossing the chain of Tarsus
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Speaker 1: and arriving before Antioch, the capital of Syria. Great was
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Speaker 1: the fame with Pagans and Christians of this city, its sight,
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Speaker 1: the beauty of its climate, the fertility of its land,
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Speaker 1: its fish abounding lake, its River of Orantes, its fountain
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Speaker 1: of Daphni, its festivals and its morals had made it
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Speaker 1: under the Roman Empire a brilliant and favorite abode. At
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Speaker 1: the same time, it was there that the disciples of
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Speaker 1: Jesus had assumed the name of Christians, and that Saint
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Speaker 1: Paul had begun his heroic life as preacher and as missionary.
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Speaker 1: It was absolutely necessary that the Crusaders should take Antioch,
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Speaker 1: but the difficulty of the conquest was equal to the importance.
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Speaker 1: The city was well fortified and provided with a strong citadel.
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Speaker 1: The Turks had been in possession of it for fourteen years,
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Speaker 1: and its governor Ascion or Baghisian Yaghisian or brother of Black,
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Speaker 1: according to Oriatal historians appointed by the Sultan of Persia Malikshah,
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Speaker 1: was shut up in it with seven thousand horse and
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Speaker 1: twenty thousand foot. The first attacks of the Christians failed,
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Speaker 1: and they had the prospect of a long siege. At
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Speaker 1: the outset, their situation had been easy and pleasant. They
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Speaker 1: encountered no hostility from the country people, who were intimidated
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Speaker 1: or indifferent. They came and paid visits to the camp
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Speaker 1: and admitted the Crusaders to their markets. The harvests, which
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Speaker 1: were hardly finished, had been abundant the grapes, says Yibert
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Speaker 1: of Noujean, were still hanging on the branches of the vines.
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Speaker 1: On all sides. Discoveries were made of grain shut up
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Speaker 1: not in barns, but in subterranean vaults, and the trees
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Speaker 1: were laden with fruit. These facilities of existence, the softness
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Speaker 1: of the climate, the pleasantness of the places, the frequency
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Speaker 1: of leisure, partly pleasure and partly care for nothingness, caused
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Speaker 1: amongst the crusaders irregularity, license, indiscipline, carelessness, and often perils
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Speaker 1: and reverses. The Turks profited thereby to make sallies, which
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Speaker 1: threw the camp into confusion and cost the lives of crusaders.
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Speaker 1: Surprised or scattered about, winter came, provisions grew scarce and
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Speaker 1: had to be sought at a greater distance and at
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Speaker 1: greater peril, and living ceased to be agreeable or easy. Disquietude,
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Speaker 1: doubts concerning the success of the enterprise, fatigue and discouragement
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Speaker 1: made way amongst the army and men who were believed
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Speaker 1: to be proved. Robert Shorthouse, Duke of Normandy, William Viscount
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Speaker 1: of Melun, called the Carpenter on account of his mighty
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Speaker 1: battle axe, and Peter the hermit himself, who had never learned,
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Speaker 1: says Robert, the Monk, to endure or such plaguey hunger
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Speaker 1: left the camp and deserted the banner of the cross,
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Speaker 1: that there might be seen in the words of the apocalypse,
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Speaker 1: even the stars falling from heaven, says Guibert of Noujean.
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Speaker 1: Great were the scandal and the indignation. Tankred hurried after
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Speaker 1: the fugitives and brought them back. And they swore on
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Speaker 1: the gospel, never again to abandon the cause which they
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Speaker 1: had preached and served so well. It was clearly indispensable
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Speaker 1: to take measures for restoring amongst the army discipline, confidence,
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Speaker 1: and the morals and hopes of Christians. The different chiefs
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Speaker 1: applied themselves there too, by very different processes, according to
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Speaker 1: their vocation, character, or habits. Ademar Bishop of Puix, the
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Speaker 1: renowned spiritual chief of the Crusade, Godrey de Bouillon, Raymond
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Speaker 1: of Toulouse, and the military chieftains renowned for piety and virtue,
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Speaker 1: made head against all kinds of disorder, either by fervent
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Speaker 1: addresses or severe prohibitions. Men caught drunk had their hair
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Speaker 1: cut off blasphemous and reckless gamesters were branded with a
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Speaker 1: red hot iron, and the women were shut up in
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Speaker 1: separate tents. To the irregularities within were added the perils
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Speaker 1: of incessant espionage on the part of the Turks in
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Speaker 1: the very camp of the crusaders, and no one knew
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Speaker 1: how to repress this evil. Brethren and lords, said Beauammond
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Speaker 1: to the assembled princes, let me undertake this business by myself.
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Speaker 1: I hope, with God's help to find a remedy for
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Speaker 1: this complaint. Caring but little for moral reform, he strove
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Speaker 1: to strike terror into the Turks, and by counteraction, restore
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Speaker 1: confidence to the Crusaders. One evening, says William of Tire,
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Speaker 1: whilst everybody was as usual occupied in getting supper ready,
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Speaker 1: Ouemond ordered some Turks who had been caught in the
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Speaker 1: camp to be brought out of prison and put to
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Speaker 1: death forthwith, And then, having had a huge fire lighted,
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Speaker 1: he gave instructions that they should be roasted and carefully
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Speaker 1: prepared as if for being eaten. If it should be
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Speaker 1: asked what operation was going on, he commanded his people
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Speaker 1: to answer. The princes and governors of the camp. This
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Speaker 1: day decreeded their council that all Turks or their spies,
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Speaker 1: who should henceforth be found in the camp, should be
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Speaker 1: forced after this fashion to furnish meat of their own
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Speaker 1: carcasses to the princes, as well as to the whole army,
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Speaker 1: the whole city of Antioch, adds the historian was stricken
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Speaker 1: with terror at hearing the report of words so strange
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Speaker 1: and a deed so cruel. And thus by the act
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Speaker 1: and pains of Bohemond, the camp was purged of this
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Speaker 1: pest of spies, and the results of the Prince's meetings
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Speaker 1: were much less known amongst the foe. Boemond did not
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Speaker 1: confine himself to terrifying the Turks by the display of
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Speaker 1: his barbarities. He sought and found traitors amongst them. During
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Speaker 1: the incidents of the siege. He had concocted certain relations
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Speaker 1: with an inhabitant of Antioch named Perouse or a mere Fair,
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Speaker 1: probably a renegade Christian and seeming Mussulmam, in favor with
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Speaker 1: the governor Asien or Baghisian, who had entrusted to him
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Speaker 1: him and his family the ward of three of the
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Speaker 1: towers and gates of the city. Amr Fair whether from
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Speaker 1: religious remorse or on promise of a rich recompense, had
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Speaker 1: after the ambiguous and tortuous conversations which usually precede treason,
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Speaker 1: made an offer to Boemond to open to him, and
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Speaker 1: through him, to the crusaders the entrance into Antioch. Bauemond,
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Speaker 1: in covert terms, informed the chiefs his comrades of this proposal,
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Speaker 1: leaving it to be understood that if the capture of
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Speaker 1: Antioch were the result of his efforts, it would be
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Speaker 1: for him to become its lord. The Count of Toulouse
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Speaker 1: bluntly rejected this idea. We be all brethren, said he,
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Speaker 1: and we have all run the same risk. I did
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Speaker 1: not leave my own country and face I and mine
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Speaker 1: so many dangers to conquer new lordships for any particular
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Speaker 1: one of us. The opinion of Raymond prevailed, and Baamond
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Speaker 1: pressed the matter no more that day. But the situation
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Speaker 1: became more and more urgent, and armies of Mussulman were
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Speaker 1: preparing to come to the aid of Antioch. When these
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Speaker 1: fresh alarms spread through the camp, Bauemond returned to the charge, saying,
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Speaker 1: time presses, and if he accept the overtures made to us,
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Speaker 1: tomorrow Antioch will be ours, and we shall march in
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Speaker 1: triumph on Jerusalem. If any find a better way of
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Speaker 1: assuring our success, I am ready to accept it and
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Speaker 1: renounce on my own account all conquest. Raymond still persisted
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Speaker 1: in his opposition, but all the other chiefs submitted to
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Speaker 1: the overtures and conditions of Beauemond. All proper measures were taken,
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Speaker 1: and a mere fair being apprized thereof, had Beauamond informed
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Speaker 1: that on the following night everything would be ready at
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Speaker 1: the appointed hour, three score warriors, with Beauamond at their head,
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Speaker 1: repaired noiselessly to the foot of the tower. Indicated a
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Speaker 1: ladder was hoisted and a mere fair fastened it firmly
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Speaker 1: to the top of the wall. Beaumond looked round and round,
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Speaker 1: but no one was in a hurry to mount. Beauemond
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Speaker 1: therefore himself mounted, and having received recognition from a mere fair,
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Speaker 1: he leaned upon on the ramparts, calling in a low
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Speaker 1: voice to his comrades, and rapidly redescended to reassure them
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Speaker 1: and get them to mount with him. Up they mount that,
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Speaker 1: and two other neighboring towers are given up to them.
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Speaker 1: The three gates are opened and the Crusaders rush in.
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Speaker 1: When day appeared on the third of June one thousand
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Speaker 1: ninety eight, the streets of Antioch were full of corpses,
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Speaker 1: for the Turks, surprised, had been slaughtered without resistance or
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Speaker 1: had fled into the country. The citadel filled with those
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Speaker 1: who had been able to take refuge. There still held out,
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Speaker 1: but the entire city was in the power of the Crusaders,
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Speaker 1: and the banner of Baamon floated on an elevated spot
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Speaker 1: over against the citadel. In spite of their triumph, the
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Speaker 1: Crusaders were not so near marching on Jerusalem as Baamont
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Speaker 1: had promised. Everywhere throughout Syria and Mesopotamia, the Mussama two
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Speaker 1: men were rising to go and deliver Antioch. An immense
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Speaker 1: army was already in motion. There were eleven hundred thousand
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Speaker 1: men according to Matthew of Edessa, six hundred and sixty
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Speaker 1: thousand according to Fouchet of Shatre, three hundred thousand according
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Speaker 1: to Raoul of kan and only two hundred thousand according
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Speaker 1: to William of Tire and Albert Aveck's. The discrepancy in
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Speaker 1: the figures is a sufficient proof of their untruthfulness. The
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Speaker 1: last number was enough to disquiet the Crusaders, already much
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Speaker 1: reduced by so many marches, battles, sufferings and desertions. An
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Speaker 1: old Mussulman warrior celebrated at that time throughout Western Asia. Corboga,
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Speaker 1: Sultan of mousoul Hard by what was ancient to Nineveh,
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Speaker 1: commanded all the hostile forces, and four days after the
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Speaker 1: capture of Antioch, he was already completely round the place,
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Speaker 1: enclosing the Crusaders within the walls of which they had
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Speaker 1: just become the masters. They were thus and all on
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Speaker 1: a sudden besieged in their turn, having even in the
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Speaker 1: very midst of them in the citadel, which still held
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Speaker 1: out a hostile force. Whilst they had been besieging Antioch,
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Speaker 1: the Emperor Alexis Comnenus had begun to march with an
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Speaker 1: army to get his share in their successes, and was
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Speaker 1: advancing into Asia Minor when he heard that the Mussulman
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Speaker 1: in immense numbers, were investing the Christian army in Antioch,
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Speaker 1: and not in a condition it was said to hold
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Speaker 1: out long. The emperor immediately retraced his steps towards Constantinople,
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Speaker 1: and the Crusaders found that they had no Greek aid
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Speaker 1: to hope for. The blockade, becoming stricter day by day,
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Speaker 1: soon brought about a horrible famine in Antioch. Instead of
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Speaker 1: repeating here in general terms the ordinary descriptions of this
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Speaker 1: cruel scourge, we will reproduce its particular and striking features
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Speaker 1: as they have been traced out by contemporary chroniclers. The
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Speaker 1: Christian people, says William of Tire, had recourse before long
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Speaker 1: to procure themselves any food whatever, to all sorts of
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Speaker 1: shameful means. Nobles freemen did not blush to hungrily stretch
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Speaker 1: out the hand to nobodies, asking with troublesome pertinacity for
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Speaker 1: what was too often refused. There were seen the very strongest,
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Speaker 1: those whom their signal valor had rendered illustrious in the
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Speaker 1: midst of the army, now supported on crutches, dragging themselves
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Speaker 1: half dead along the streets and in the public places.
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Speaker 1: And if they did not speak at any rate, they
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Speaker 1: showed themselves with countenances irrecognizable, silently begging alms of every
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Speaker 1: passer by no self respect. Restrained matrons or young women
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Speaker 1: heretofore accustomed to severe restraints, they walked hither and thither
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Speaker 1: with pallid faces, groaning and searching everywhere for somewhat to eat.
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Speaker 1: And they in whom the pangs of hunger had not
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Speaker 1: extinguished every spark of modesty, went and hid themselves in
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Speaker 1: the most secret places, and gnawed their hearts in silence,
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Speaker 1: preferring to die of want rather than beg in public.
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Speaker 1: Children still in the cradle, unable to get milk, were
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Speaker 1: exposed at the cross roads, crying in vain for their
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Speaker 1: usual nourishment. And men, women and children all threw themselves
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Speaker 1: greedily upon any kind of food, wholesome and unwholesome, clean
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Speaker 1: and unclean, that they could scrape together here and there,
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Speaker 1: and none shared with another that which they picked up.
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Speaker 1: So many and such sufferings produced incredible dastardliness, and deserters
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Speaker 1: escaped by night, in some cases throwing themselves down at
24:54
Speaker 1: the risk of being killed, into the city moat, in
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Speaker 1: others getting down by help of a rope from the
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Speaker 1: rain parts. Indignation blazed forth against the fugitives. They were
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Speaker 1: called rope dancers, and God was prayed to treat them
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Speaker 1: as the traitor Judas William of Tire and Gibert of
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Speaker 1: Nujon after naming some and those the very highest, and
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Speaker 1: with these words of many more. I know not the names,
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Speaker 1: and I am unwilling to expose all that are well
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Speaker 1: known to me. We are assured, says William of Tire,
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Speaker 1: that in view of such woes and such weaknesses, the princes,
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Speaker 1: despairing of any means of safety, held amongst themselves a
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Speaker 1: secret council, at which they decided to abandon the army
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Speaker 1: and all the people, fly in the middle of the
25:43
Speaker 1: night and retreat to the sea. According to the Armenian
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Speaker 1: historian Matthew of Edessa, the princes would seem to have
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Speaker 1: resolved in this hour of dejection, not to fly and
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Speaker 1: leave the army to its fate, but to demand of
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Speaker 1: Corbogsi an assurance for all under the bond of an
26:00
Speaker 1: oath of personal safety, on the promise of surrendering Antioch
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Speaker 1: to him, after which they would return home. Several Arab historians,
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Speaker 1: and amongst them Ibn e Latyr, Abul Faraj and Abulfeda,
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Speaker 1: confirmed the statement of conditions. Whatever may have been the
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Speaker 1: real turn taken by the promptings of weakness. Amongst the Christians,
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Speaker 1: Godfrey de Bouillon and Ademar, Bishop of prit energetically rejected
26:31
Speaker 1: them all, and an unexpected incident considered as miraculous, reassured
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Speaker 1: the wavering spirits, both of soldiers and of chiefs. A
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Speaker 1: priest of Marseilles, Peter Bartholomew, came and announced to the
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Speaker 1: chiefs that Saint Andrew had thrice appeared to him in
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Speaker 1: a dream, saying, go into the church of my brother
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Speaker 1: Peter at Antioch, and hard by the high altar, thou
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Speaker 1: wilt find, on digging up the ground, the head of
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Speaker 1: the spear which pierced our Deemer's side, that carried in
27:04
Speaker 1: front of the army, will bring about the deliverance of
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Speaker 1: the Christians. The appointed search was solemnly conducted under the
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Speaker 1: eye of twelve reputable witnesses, priests and knights. The whole
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Speaker 1: army was in attendance at the closed gates of the church.
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Speaker 1: The spear head was found and carried off in triumph.
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Speaker 1: A pious enthusiasm restored to all present entire confidence, and
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Speaker 1: with loud shouts they demanded battle. The chiefs judged it
27:33
Speaker 1: proper to announce their determination to the chief of the Mussulman,
27:37
Speaker 1: and for this mission they chose Peter the Hermit who
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Speaker 1: was known to them as a bold and able speaker.
27:45
Speaker 1: Peter On, arriving at the enemy's camp, presented himself without
27:49
Speaker 1: any mark of respect before the Sultan Corboga, surrounded by
27:53
Speaker 1: his say traps, and said, the Sacred Assembly of Princes,
27:58
Speaker 1: pleasing to God, who are at Anti Tioch, doth send
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Speaker 1: me unto Thy Highness to advise THEE that thou art
28:04
Speaker 1: to cease from thy importunities, and that thou abandon the
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Speaker 1: siege of a city which the Lord, in his divine
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Speaker 1: mercy hath given up to them. The Prince of the
28:14
Speaker 1: Apostles did rest that city from idolatry and convert it
28:18
Speaker 1: to the faith of Christ. He had forcibly but unjustly
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Speaker 1: taken possession of it. They, who be moved by a
28:25
Speaker 1: right lawful anxiety for this heritage of their ancestors, make
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Speaker 1: their demand of THEE that thou choose between diverse offers,
28:34
Speaker 1: either give up the siege of the city and cease
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Speaker 1: troubling the Christians, or within three days from hence try
28:41
Speaker 1: the power of our arms, and that thou seek not
28:44
Speaker 1: after any even a lawful subterfuge. They offer THEE further
28:49
Speaker 1: choice between diverse determinations. Either appear alone in person to
28:54
Speaker 1: fight with one of our princes, in order that if
28:57
Speaker 1: victorious thou mayest obtain all thou canst demand, or if
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Speaker 1: vanquished thou mayst remain quiet, Or again pick out diverse
29:07
Speaker 1: of thine who shall fight on the same terms with
29:09
Speaker 1: the same number of ours. Or lastly, agree that the
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Speaker 1: two armies shall prove one against the other the fortune
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Speaker 1: of battle. Peter answered Corboga ironically, it is not likely
29:23
Speaker 1: that the affairs of the princes who have sent thee
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Speaker 1: be in such state that they can thus offer me
29:28
Speaker 1: choice betwixt diversed proposals, and that I should be bound
29:32
Speaker 1: to accept that which may suit me best. My sword
29:36
Speaker 1: hath brought them to such a condition that they have
29:39
Speaker 1: not themselves any longer the power of choosing freely, and
29:43
Speaker 1: that they be constrained to shape and unshape their wishes
29:46
Speaker 1: according to my good pleasure. Go then, and tell these
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Speaker 1: fools that all whom I shall find in full possession
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Speaker 1: of all the powers of the manly age, shall have
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Speaker 1: their lives and shall be reserved for me for my
30:00
Speaker 1: master's service, and that all others shall fall beneath my
30:04
Speaker 1: sword as useless trees, so that there shall remain of them,
30:08
Speaker 1: not even a faint remembrance. Had I not deemed it
30:12
Speaker 1: more convenient to destroy them by famine than to smite
30:15
Speaker 1: them with the sword, I should already have gotten forcible
30:18
Speaker 1: mastery of the city, and they would have reaped the
30:21
Speaker 1: fruits of their voyage, hither by undergoing the law of vengeance.
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Speaker 1: End of Chapter sixteen, Part three,