Latest / Murder Files Unsealed / Stripper Charged in Murder of Famous Topless Bar Manager
Transcript
- 0:00Speaker 1: How does a murder, a 6.0 a.m. murder in a
- 0:04Speaker 1: completely silent, totally manicured upper middle class suburb connect to
- 0:09Speaker 1: the blinking neon lights of America's very first topless bar?
- 0:13Speaker 1: It is.
- 0:13Speaker 2: Well, it's quite the contrast, isn't it?
- 0:16Speaker 1: It really is. I mean, today we are tracing the
- 0:18Speaker 1: digital forensics that linked an international flight to Spain with
- 0:21Speaker 1: just a brutal, cold blooded ambush in northern California.
- 0:24Speaker 2: Right.
- 0:25Speaker 1: And we're looking at a set of incredibly detailed sources
- 0:27Speaker 1: for this. Primarily this comprehensive law and crime network report,
- 0:32Speaker 1: which features some really deep analytical insights from retired Northern
- 0:36Speaker 1: California detective and law enforcement instructor Matt Irvine.
- 0:39Speaker 2: Yeah, his analysis is really crucial here for understanding the
- 0:42Speaker 2: mechanics of what actually happened.
- 0:43Speaker 1: Exactly. So the mission for this deep dive is to
- 0:47Speaker 1: reconstruct the murder of an absolute nightlife legend, scrutinize the
- 0:51Speaker 1: honestly catastrophic flaws of a supposedly cinematic criminal plot, and
- 0:56Speaker 1: understand how modern digital detective work can dismantle even the
- 0:59Speaker 1: most elaborately staged international alibis. Okay, let's unpack this.
- 1:03Speaker 2: Well, before we dive into the actual forensic timeline, I
- 1:06Speaker 2: think we have to reframe the entire context for you listening.
- 1:09Speaker 2: Because when a homicide is geographically tied to a historic
- 1:13Speaker 2: adult entertainment venue, I mean, the public imagination instantly defaults
- 1:18Speaker 2: to a very specific tired Hollywood trope.
- 1:21Speaker 1: Oh, for sure. You picture like illicit underworld dealings or
- 1:24Speaker 1: organized crime syndicates, right?
- 1:25Speaker 2: Exactly. Shady transactions in an abandoned industrial park at midnight.
- 1:30Speaker 2: But we have to strip away those preconceived notions immediately
- 1:34Speaker 2: for this.
- 1:34Speaker 1: Right. Because this is entirely different.
- 1:37Speaker 2: It is. This specific tragedy revolves around a deeply respected
- 1:40Speaker 2: cultural landmark in San Francisco. It involves an industry mentor
- 1:44Speaker 2: who actively dismantled the cliches of his profession. And ultimately,
- 1:49Speaker 2: it's about a standard workplace grievance that somehow just bypassed
- 1:52Speaker 2: all normal human conflict resolution and And escalated into a
- 1:56Speaker 2: lethal conspiracy.
- 1:57Speaker 1: Yeah, I mean, you hear strip club murder and you
- 1:59Speaker 1: think you know the plot, right? But the reality of
- 2:02Speaker 1: this case forces you to completely reevaluate the stakes. To
- 2:06Speaker 1: really comprehend why this crime sent such profound shockwaves through
- 2:10Speaker 1: the Bay Area, we have to look at the gravitational
- 2:14Speaker 1: pull of the backdrop itself. We have to look at
- 2:16Speaker 1: the Condor Club. And not just as a business, but
- 2:19Speaker 1: as a real sociological anchor in San Francisco. Yeah.
- 2:22Speaker 2: So to give some background, the Condor Club operates in
- 2:25Speaker 2: the North Beach neighborhood.
- 2:26Speaker 1: Yeah.
- 2:26Speaker 2: And North Beach has long been the historic entertainment and
- 2:30Speaker 2: nightlife district of the city.
- 2:31Speaker 1: Right.
- 2:32Speaker 2: We are not talking about a transient pop-up venue here.
- 2:35Speaker 2: The city of San Francisco officially recognizes the Condor Club
- 2:39Speaker 2: as a legacy business.
- 2:41Speaker 1: Which is a pretty big deal.
- 2:42Speaker 2: It is a massive deal. That designation is critical because
- 2:46Speaker 2: it signifies that the city views the establishment as a
- 2:49Speaker 2: contributing factor to the cultural and historical fabric of the
- 2:52Speaker 2: municipality itself.
- 2:54Speaker 1: Wow. OK, so it's not just a bar. It's like
- 2:56Speaker 1: a landmark.
- 2:56Speaker 2: Exactly. And if we look at the timeline, the Condor
- 3:00Speaker 2: originally opened its doors in the late 1950s, but it
- 3:02Speaker 2: was just a relatively standard jazz club back then.
- 3:05Speaker 1: OK, so how did it become what it is today?
- 3:08Speaker 2: Well, the monumental pivot, the event that essentially etched its
- 3:12Speaker 2: name into national history, occurred in 1964. Management hired a
- 3:16Speaker 2: waitress named Carol Doda.
- 3:18Speaker 1: Okay, Carol Doda.
- 3:19Speaker 2: Right. And she was working standard shifts. But in 1964,
- 3:23Speaker 2: utilizing this new, highly controversial bathing suit design known as
- 3:26Speaker 2: a monokini, she took to the stage and performed topless.
- 3:30Speaker 1: Just right there on the stage. Yeah.
- 3:32Speaker 2: And that singular act transformed the condor into the very
- 3:36Speaker 2: first topless club in the entire United States.
- 3:39Speaker 1: Which, I mean, in 1964, that wasn't just a gimmick.
- 3:42Speaker 1: That was a massive cultural shift that rippled across the
- 3:44Speaker 1: entire country.
- 3:45Speaker 2: Absolutely. It was front page news.
- 3:47Speaker 1: And the Condor didn't quietly hide this distinction, right? They
- 3:50Speaker 1: broadcasted it.
- 3:51Speaker 2: Oh, they absolutely capitalized on the notoriety. I mean, the
- 3:54Speaker 2: Condor subsequently became the first bottomless club in the nation
- 3:57Speaker 2: as well shortly after. Yeah. And to cement their status
- 4:00Speaker 2: as trailblazers in the adult entertainment industry, they erected this massive,
- 4:05Speaker 2: unavoidable neon sign outside the club.
- 4:07Speaker 1: I've seen pictures of this sign. It's iconic.
- 4:09Speaker 2: It really is. It featured a colossal cartoon rendering of
- 4:14Speaker 2: Carol Doda, and it was engineered with blinking red lights
- 4:18Speaker 2: positioned directly on her chest.
- 4:19Speaker 1: Right, just leaning into it entirely.
- 4:21Speaker 2: Exactly. It served as a literal and figurative beacon in
- 4:25Speaker 2: North Beach for decades, basically signaling a localized zone where
- 4:31Speaker 2: the traditional rules of polite society were completely suspended.
- 4:34Speaker 1: But, you know, operating a business that relies on suspending
- 4:37Speaker 1: those rules of polite society naturally attracts a certain level
- 4:41Speaker 1: of volatility, right?
- 4:42Speaker 2: Oh, inevitably.
- 4:43Speaker 1: When you maintain a venue on the edge of nightlife
- 4:45Speaker 1: for over half a century, the history just naturally accumulates
- 4:49Speaker 1: some incredibly dark, chaotic chapters.
- 4:51Speaker 2: That's very true.
- 4:52Speaker 1: Looking through the source material, there is this historical footnote
- 4:55Speaker 1: from the Condor's past that I think perfectly illustrates just
- 4:58Speaker 1: how unpredictable and physically dangerous that environment could be. And
- 5:02Speaker 1: this was long before the events of our current case.
- 5:04Speaker 2: Right. You're referring to the 1983 mechanical piano tragedy.
- 5:08Speaker 1: Yes. Which is just wild.
- 5:10Speaker 2: It really is. To fully grasp the mechanics of what happened,
- 5:13Speaker 2: you have to understand the theatricality of Carol Doda's original
- 5:16Speaker 2: act back in the day. The club had installed a
- 5:19Speaker 2: highly specialized mechanical lift system attached to a grand piano.
- 5:24Speaker 1: Okay, a lift system, like hydraulics.
- 5:26Speaker 2: Yeah, hydraulic and cable mechanisms. Doda's signature performance actually involved
- 5:31Speaker 2: her position on this piano, which would be lowered onto
- 5:34Speaker 2: the main stage from a suspended position near the ceiling.
- 5:37Speaker 1: That's quite the entrance.
- 5:38Speaker 2: It's very theatrical. And at the conclusion of the set,
- 5:41Speaker 2: the mechanisms would engage, lifting the piano and the performer
- 5:45Speaker 2: back up into the feeling architecture.
- 5:47Speaker 1: So it's essentially a heavy suspended stage prop operating on
- 5:51Speaker 1: industrial cables above a crowded room. What could go wrong, right?
- 5:55Speaker 2: Right. Well, in 1983, after the club had closed for
- 5:58Speaker 2: the night and all the patrons had left, a bouncer
- 6:00Speaker 2: and a dancer remained in the building. Okay. And they
- 6:03Speaker 2: decided to engage in after-hours intimacy on top of that
- 6:06Speaker 2: specific mechanical piano. Oh, boy. Yeah. And during this, their
- 6:11Speaker 2: movements inadvertently triggered the electrical relay that controlled the cable mechanism.
- 6:15Speaker 1: You're kidding. It just turned on.
- 6:17Speaker 2: It activated. The lift engaged. The piano with both individuals
- 6:21Speaker 2: on top of it just began to ascend toward the ceiling.
- 6:24Speaker 1: Oh my God.
- 6:25Speaker 2: And it didn't stop. The bouncer was crushed to death
- 6:27Speaker 2: between the top of the piano and the structural beams
- 6:30Speaker 2: of the roof. That is horrifying. It gets worse because
- 6:33Speaker 2: the dancer was actually pinned underneath his body. She was
- 6:36Speaker 2: trapped against the ceiling for hours until the morning cleaning
- 6:38Speaker 2: crew finally arrived discovered this horrific scene, and called emergency
- 6:42Speaker 2: services to extract her.
- 6:44Speaker 1: Wow. I mean, it sounds like an urban legend you'd
- 6:46Speaker 1: hear whispered in a dive bar, but it is a documented,
- 6:50Speaker 1: verified fatality in the club's ledger.
- 6:52Speaker 2: It is entirely real.
- 6:54Speaker 1: And it paints a really vivid picture of the baseline
- 6:57Speaker 1: chaos that can just permeate an institution built around late-night excess.
- 7:02Speaker 1: And that specific context, that historical volatility of the venue,
- 7:06Speaker 1: is exactly what makes the victim, in our current case,
- 7:09Speaker 1: Mark Calganu, Such a total anomaly.
- 7:11Speaker 2: He really was an anomaly. He's the longtime general manager
- 7:14Speaker 2: of the Condor Club, but he seemingly operated in direct
- 7:17Speaker 2: opposition to all that chaos.
- 7:19Speaker 1: Right, because when you analyze the structural dynamics of the
- 7:22Speaker 1: adult entertainment industry, you often find a landscape that is
- 7:25Speaker 1: just plagued by exploitation, right?
- 7:28Speaker 2: Very frequently, yes.
- 7:29Speaker 1: Yeah.
- 7:30Speaker 2: It is an industry where power dynamics are almost always imbalanced.
- 7:34Speaker 2: Dancers are classified as independent contractors. which leaves them incredibly
- 7:38Speaker 2: vulnerable to predatory management practices, arbitrary fines, and just a
- 7:42Speaker 2: total lack of standard workplace protections.
- 7:45Speaker 1: Yeah, they don't have an HR department to go to.
- 7:47Speaker 2: Exactly. However, the testimony from the people who worked for
- 7:51Speaker 2: Mark Calgani presents a jarringly different managerial model.
- 7:55Speaker 1: The sources quote his colleagues describing him as being on the, quote,
- 7:58Speaker 1: Mount Rushmore of San Francisco nightlife. Which is amazing. It is.
- 8:03Speaker 1: That isn't just a compliment about his business acumen, you know.
- 8:06Speaker 1: It's a testament to his character in what is notoriously
- 8:09Speaker 1: a pretty ruthless sector.
- 8:11Speaker 2: Definitely. One of the most revealing details came from a
- 8:13Speaker 2: former employee who explained the internal culture Mark cultivated. He
- 8:18Speaker 2: didn't just passively manage the roster. He actively demanded that
- 8:22Speaker 2: patrons and support staff treat the dancers with absolute respect.
- 8:26Speaker 1: Like he wouldn't tolerate any crossing of the line.
- 8:28Speaker 2: None at all. He provided upward mobility, too. He mentored
- 8:32Speaker 2: dancers and actually promoted them into managerial roles within the club.
- 8:35Speaker 1: Which is really rare, isn't it?
- 8:37Speaker 2: It's a massive rarity in an industry that usually just
- 8:40Speaker 2: ages out as frontline workers and replaces them. But beyond that,
- 8:44Speaker 2: his own social media footprint heavily emphasized his role as
- 8:48Speaker 2: a proud father. He acted as a stabilizing, almost paternal
- 8:53Speaker 2: force in an environment that naturally trends toward instability.
- 8:57Speaker 1: He was, by all accounts, the ethical center of gravity
- 9:00Speaker 1: for the Condor Club.
- 9:01Speaker 2: That's a great way to put it.
- 9:03Speaker 1: But, you know, if he was constantly enforcing strict ethical
- 9:06Speaker 1: boundaries in an environment historically known for having none, he
- 9:10Speaker 1: must have inevitably stepped on the toes of someone who
- 9:12Speaker 1: refused to conform.
- 9:14Speaker 2: Oh, absolutely.
- 9:14Speaker 1: It's like being the only strict referee in a contact
- 9:17Speaker 1: sport where everyone is just used to playing dirty. Eventually,
- 9:21Speaker 1: someone who wants to break the rules or someone who
- 9:23Speaker 1: just feels entitled to act however they want is going
- 9:26Speaker 1: to deeply resent you for holding them accountable.
- 9:28Speaker 2: Right.
- 9:28Speaker 1: So who crossed that line?
- 9:30Speaker 2: Well, that resentment brings us directly to the two individuals
- 9:33Speaker 2: at the center of this homicide investigation. The first suspect
- 9:36Speaker 2: police identified is 25-year-old Asia Lozano-Morton.
- 9:40Speaker 1: Okay. And what was her role there?
- 9:42Speaker 2: Her profile in the source material reveals someone who is
- 9:45Speaker 2: very integrated into the hospitality industry. She wasn't a dancer.
- 9:48Speaker 2: She was a bartender. And she had worked at the
- 9:51Speaker 2: Condor Club for approximately five years.
- 9:53Speaker 1: Five years is a long time in that industry. So
- 9:55Speaker 1: she wasn't just working a temporary gig to pay for
- 9:57Speaker 1: college or something.
- 9:58Speaker 2: No, not at all. Her digital footprint, specifically her LinkedIn profile,
- 10:03Speaker 2: showcases this really deep, ambitious commitment to her profession. She
- 10:08Speaker 2: actually marketed herself as owning a mobile bar business, emphasizing
- 10:12Speaker 2: her desire to further her bartending experience.
- 10:14Speaker 1: Oh, so she viewed this as a career path.
- 10:17Speaker 2: Very much so. She publicly stated how much she loved
- 10:19Speaker 2: the industry and enjoyed participating in it on a daily basis.
- 10:23Speaker 2: So securing and holding a bartending position at a high-volume
- 10:26Speaker 2: legacy venue like the Condor, that would be a highly
- 10:29Speaker 2: lucrative premier placement for someone with those specific career goals.
- 10:33Speaker 1: It's like working at a Michelin star restaurant if you're
- 10:35Speaker 1: a chef. It's the place to be.
- 10:37Speaker 2: Exactly. But we cannot analyze her profile in a vacuum
- 10:43Speaker 2: because her employment at the club overlapped with her romantic
- 10:46Speaker 2: partner's employment.
- 10:47Speaker 1: Oh, okay. The plot thickens.
- 10:49Speaker 2: It does. This brings us to the second suspect, Richard Lund.
- 10:53Speaker 2: He is 43 years old, making him nearly two decades
- 10:56Speaker 2: her senior.
- 10:57Speaker 1: Wow. Okay. That's a significant age gap. It is.
- 11:00Speaker 2: And he was employed at the Condor Club as a
- 11:02Speaker 2: bar back. Essentially, the support staff responsible for keeping the
- 11:07Speaker 2: bar stocked, getting ice, and keeping things operational for the bartenders.
- 11:11Speaker 1: Got it.
- 11:12Speaker 2: And the sources note they cohabitated in Dublin, California... which
- 11:16Speaker 2: is a suburban city located east of San Francisco across
- 11:18Speaker 2: the bay.
- 11:19Speaker 1: So they live together, they work together, but the introduction
- 11:22Speaker 1: of Richard Lund fundamentally alters the temperature of this narrative,
- 11:25Speaker 1: doesn't it?
- 11:25Speaker 2: Drastically.
- 11:26Speaker 1: Because while Asia Morton's background reads like, you know, just
- 11:29Speaker 1: an ambitious young hospitality worker, Lund's background introduces a documented
- 11:33Speaker 1: capacity for extreme danger.
- 11:36Speaker 2: Yes. The criminal records detailed in the sources reveal that
- 11:39Speaker 2: Richard Lund is a convicted felon with a severely concerning history.
- 11:44Speaker 1: What kind of history?
- 11:45Speaker 2: Well, in 2005, he was convicted on a cluster of
- 11:48Speaker 2: highly serious charges. These included burglary, statutory rape and assault
- 11:53Speaker 2: with a deadly weapon.
- 11:54Speaker 1: Oh, wow. OK, that is not a minor rap sheet.
- 11:57Speaker 2: Not at all. Yeah. When you examine the pathology of
- 11:59Speaker 2: a criminal record like that, you are looking at an
- 12:02Speaker 2: individual who has already demonstrated a clear willingness to violate
- 12:05Speaker 2: physical boundaries, utilize lethal force and operate entirely outside the
- 12:10Speaker 2: bounds of societal norms.
- 12:12Speaker 1: So you inject a violent felon into the middle of
- 12:15Speaker 1: a workplace dispute and the potential for a catastrophic outcome
- 12:19Speaker 1: just skyrockets.
- 12:20Speaker 2: It's a powder keg.
- 12:22Speaker 1: And that dispute, the actual catalyst for everything that followed,
- 12:25Speaker 1: was a termination. Right. Mark Helgany fired both Asia Morton
- 12:28Speaker 1: and Richard Lund.
- 12:29Speaker 2: He did. Now, while the sources indicate that the precise
- 12:32Speaker 2: granular details of the termination are unclear, they do note
- 12:35Speaker 2: that Mark felt something simply didn't sit right regarding how
- 12:38Speaker 2: Asia was executing her duties.
- 12:40Speaker 1: And in a place like that, didn't sit right could
- 12:42Speaker 1: mean a lot of things.
- 12:43Speaker 2: Exactly. As a general manager tasked with protecting the integrity
- 12:46Speaker 2: of a high liability venue, if you sense a bartender
- 12:49Speaker 2: is cutting corners, maybe mishandling cash transactions or just creating
- 12:54Speaker 2: a toxic environment, termination is the standard administrative response.
- 12:58Speaker 1: You can't take risks with the liquor license or the
- 13:00Speaker 1: club's reputation.
- 13:01Speaker 2: Exactly.
- 13:02Speaker 1: But this raises an incredibly dark psychological question for me.
- 13:06Speaker 1: I mean, People are fired from lucrative jobs every single day.
- 13:10Speaker 1: They experience anger. They complain to their friends. Maybe they
- 13:13Speaker 1: have a few drinks. They update their resumes and they
- 13:15Speaker 1: move on. How does the loss of a bartending and
- 13:18Speaker 1: a bar back shift metamorphose into a conspiracy to commit
- 13:22Speaker 1: premeditated murder?
- 13:23Speaker 2: It's a leap. It requires a very specific psychological dynamic,
- 13:28Speaker 2: which forensic psychologists often refer to as a folie a
- 13:31Speaker 2: deux or a shared delusion. though in this case it
- 13:34Speaker 2: manifests more as a shared escalating grievance.
- 13:37Speaker 1: An escalating grievance.
- 13:38Speaker 2: Right. You have two individuals living together, both abruptly severed
- 13:41Speaker 2: from their primary source of income and their social anchor,
- 13:45Speaker 2: by the exact same manager on the exact same day.
- 13:48Speaker 1: So there's no one to say, hey, calm down.
- 13:50Speaker 2: Exactly. Instead of one partner acting as a rational, calming influence,
- 13:55Speaker 2: they act as an accelerant for each other's rage.
- 13:58Speaker 1: It's like mixing two volatile chemicals in a sealed jar.
- 14:01Speaker 1: You take a 25-year-old whose entire professional identity and ambition
- 14:06Speaker 1: just took a massive public hit, and you pair her
- 14:09Speaker 1: with a 43-year-old who has a documented historical threshold for violence.
- 14:15Speaker 2: It's a recipe for disaster.
- 14:16Speaker 1: They go back to their shared home in Dublin, and
- 14:18Speaker 1: they have nothing to do but obsess over the man
- 14:21Speaker 1: who fired them. Firing them didn't just take away their paychecks.
- 14:24Speaker 1: It allegedly created an echo chamber where their bruised egos
- 14:28Speaker 1: could just curdle into something lethal.
- 14:30Speaker 2: And law enforcement uncovered evidence suggesting this wasn't merely private
- 14:34Speaker 2: venting in their living room. Right.
- 14:35Speaker 1: There was a leak.
- 14:36Speaker 2: The sources highlight a highly disturbing phone call Asia Morton
- 14:40Speaker 2: allegedly made to a former co-worker who was actually still
- 14:43Speaker 2: employed at the Condor Club.
- 14:45Speaker 1: What did she say?
- 14:45Speaker 2: During this conversation, Morton reportedly asked, quote, Do you think
- 14:50Speaker 2: I could get my job back if Mark was gone?
- 14:53Speaker 1: Just focusing on the phrasing of that question for a second.
- 14:56Speaker 1: If Mark was gone, she didn't ask if he was
- 14:59Speaker 1: planning to retire or if ownership might replace him or
- 15:01Speaker 1: transfer him. Gone implies a permanent, unnatural removal. Right.
- 15:06Speaker 2: From an investigative standpoint, a statement like that is a
- 15:10Speaker 2: seismic event in a timeline. It instantly shifts the framework
- 15:13Speaker 2: of the investigation from a reactive, emotional crime of passion
- 15:18Speaker 2: into the realm of cold, calculated premeditation.
- 15:20Speaker 1: Because she's thinking ahead to the aftermath.
- 15:23Speaker 2: Exactly. It demonstrates that the removal of Mark Calgeny was
- 15:26Speaker 2: being conceptualized not just as an angry fantasy, but as
- 15:29Speaker 2: a logistical prerequisite for her own career advancement.
- 15:32Speaker 1: But, you know, asking a chilling hypothetical question over the
- 15:35Speaker 1: phone is one thing. Actually taking that festering resentment, getting
- 15:39Speaker 1: into a vehicle, driving across the Bay Area in the
- 15:42Speaker 1: dead of night and executing physical violence on a quiet
- 15:46Speaker 1: suburban street that requires a terrifying leap from theory to action.
- 15:51Speaker 2: It really does.
- 15:52Speaker 1: Which brings us to the actual morning of October 3rd. Right.
- 15:55Speaker 2: And the geography of the crime scene is critical here
- 15:58Speaker 2: to understanding the tactical failures of this plot.
- 16:01Speaker 1: How so?
- 16:02Speaker 2: Well, we are shifting from the dense, neon-lit urban core
- 16:06Speaker 2: of San Francisco's North Beach to Santa Rosa, California.
- 16:10Speaker 1: Okay. Totally different vibe.
- 16:11Speaker 2: Entirely different. Santa Rosa is located significantly north of San Francisco,
- 16:16Speaker 2: up in Sonoma County. The specific location of Mark's home
- 16:19Speaker 2: is described as a quiet, upscale, middle-to-upper-middle-class residential neighborhood situated
- 16:25Speaker 2: right along a major arterial street.
- 16:28Speaker 1: Got it. And what time is this happening?
- 16:30Speaker 2: The time window is incredibly tight and highly significant, between
- 16:34Speaker 2: 5-0 and 6-3-0 in the morning.
- 16:36Speaker 1: So Mark Cogney is finally making his way home. He
- 16:38Speaker 1: has just finished a grueling, high-stress overnight shift managing the club.
- 16:42Speaker 1: I mean, he is likely exhausted, physically drained, and just
- 16:46Speaker 1: anticipating the safety of his own driveway. Yes.
- 16:49Speaker 2: He is operating in what security experts call a transitional space.
- 16:52Speaker 1: Right.
- 16:53Speaker 2: As he arrives at his residence, his guard is naturally lowered.
- 16:56Speaker 1: He thinks he's safe.
- 16:57Speaker 2: But law enforcement alleges that Richard Lund was already there,
- 17:01Speaker 2: concealed in the pre-dawn darkness, actively waiting for Mark's vehicle
- 17:04Speaker 2: to pull up.
- 17:05Speaker 1: Just waiting in the dark. Yeah.
- 17:07Speaker 2: As Mark arrives, Lund allegedly ambushes him, firing five consecutive gunshots,
- 17:12Speaker 2: which fatally wound Kalgeny. Following the shooting, Lund reportedly enters
- 17:17Speaker 2: a RAV4 SUV, and speeds away from the scene.
- 17:20Speaker 1: The concept of him just waiting in the dark isn't
- 17:22Speaker 1: just a horrifying narrative detail. It carries massive, life-altering legal
- 17:27Speaker 1: weight in the state of California, doesn't it?
- 17:30Speaker 2: Oh, it changes everything. Detective Matt Irvine makes a point
- 17:33Speaker 2: to emphasize this distinction in his analysis, and it is
- 17:36Speaker 2: a cornerstone of California penal code.
- 17:38Speaker 1: Break that down for us. Sure.
- 17:39Speaker 2: So in a homicide prosecution, there are degrees of murder, right?
- 17:43Speaker 2: First-degree murder generally requires malice aforethought and premeditation.
- 17:46Speaker 1: Right, you planned it.
- 17:47Speaker 2: But California law includes provisions for what are called special circumstances.
- 17:53Speaker 2: And one of those specific special circumstances is lying in wait.
- 17:57Speaker 1: How does the law officially define lying in wait? And
- 17:59Speaker 1: why does it change the math for the prosecution?
- 18:02Speaker 2: To prove lying in wait, a prosecutor must demonstrate three things. First,
- 18:07Speaker 2: an intentional concealment of purpose. Second, a substantial period of
- 18:12Speaker 2: watching and waiting for an opportune time to act.
- 18:14Speaker 1: Like hiding behind a bush or a car in a driveway.
- 18:17Speaker 2: Exactly. And third, immediately thereafter, a surprise attack on an
- 18:21Speaker 2: unsuspecting victim from a position of advantage.
- 18:23Speaker 1: OK, so Lund allegedly hits all three of those criteria.
- 18:27Speaker 2: That's what the state is arguing. And if a jury
- 18:30Speaker 2: convicts a defendant of first degree murder with a special
- 18:32Speaker 2: circumstance of lying in wait, the baseline sentencing options drastically shift.
- 18:37Speaker 1: How drastically?
- 18:38Speaker 2: It legally elevates the homicide to a capital offense. meaning
- 18:42Speaker 2: the defendant is eligible for either life in prison without
- 18:44Speaker 2: the possibility of parole or the death penalty.
- 18:47Speaker 1: Wow. Yeah.
- 18:49Speaker 2: The justice system reserves its absolute harshest penalties for this
- 18:52Speaker 2: specific behavior because it demonstrates a chilling, sociopathic level of
- 18:55Speaker 2: calculation that just goes far beyond a sudden loss of
- 18:59Speaker 2: temper in a bar fight.
- 19:00Speaker 1: Right. It's the ultimate premeditation. But despite all that terrifying
- 19:04Speaker 1: legal weight of lying in wait and the supposed sociopathic
- 19:08Speaker 1: calculation required to plan it, Here's where the story gets
- 19:12Speaker 1: really interesting to me.
- 19:13Speaker 2: Okay.
- 19:14Speaker 1: Because for a supposedly calculated hit, the execution was remarkably sloppy.
- 19:20Speaker 2: Oh, it was a mess. From a tactical and logistical perspective,
- 19:24Speaker 2: the operational plan was an absolute catastrophe. Detective Irvine breaks
- 19:28Speaker 2: down precisely why Attempting this kind of ambush in this
- 19:32Speaker 2: specific environment is a guaranteed failure for anyone trying to
- 19:35Speaker 2: evade capture today.
- 19:36Speaker 1: Right, because people consume so much true crime media and cinema,
- 19:40Speaker 1: they start to assume criminals are always operating like the
- 19:42Speaker 1: cast of Ocean's Eleven, right?
- 19:44Speaker 2: Yeah, masterminds playing multidimensional chess, hacking mainframes, and leaving zero trace.
- 19:48Speaker 1: Exactly. Mm-hmm. But plotting to execute a man in a
- 19:52Speaker 1: wealthy suburb at 6 per day in the morning in
- 19:55Speaker 1: 2023 is, it's like trying to rob a bank while
- 19:57Speaker 1: wearing a high visibility vest.
- 19:58Speaker 2: It really is. The primary failure is a complete misunderstanding
- 20:02Speaker 2: of suburban behavioral patterns.
- 20:04Speaker 1: What do you mean by that?
- 20:05Speaker 2: Well, between 5.0 and 6.30 a.m. in an upscale neighborhood,
- 20:10Speaker 2: is not the dead of night. It is the beginning
- 20:12Speaker 2: of the diurnal cycle. It is a highly active time frame.
- 20:16Speaker 1: Oh, that makes sense. People are waking up.
- 20:18Speaker 2: Right. People are walking their dogs. Early commuters are starting
- 20:21Speaker 2: their engines. Fitness enthusiasts are out running. And households are
- 20:25Speaker 2: waking up to prepare children for school.
- 20:28Speaker 1: It's busy.
- 20:28Speaker 2: It's very busy. And the ambient noise level at that
- 20:31Speaker 2: hour is extremely low, meaning the acoustic signature of five
- 20:35Speaker 2: unsuppressed gunshots will carry for blocks. instantly drawing the attention
- 20:40Speaker 2: of dozens of potential earwitnesses and eyewitnesses who will immediately
- 20:43Speaker 2: look out their windows.
- 20:45Speaker 1: Right, because five gunshots in Santa Rosa at 6 a.m.
- 20:48Speaker 1: is going to wake the entire street up.
- 20:50Speaker 2: Absolutely.
- 20:50Speaker 1: And more importantly, it isn't just human eyes looking out
- 20:53Speaker 1: those windows. The modern wealthy suburb is what forensic investigators
- 20:57Speaker 1: categorize as an evidence-rich environment.
- 20:59Speaker 2: Exactly. The sheer density of the digital surveillance canopy in
- 21:03Speaker 2: a neighborhood like that is staggering. We aren't just talking
- 21:07Speaker 2: about a single grainy security camera on a corner store
- 21:10Speaker 2: like in the 90s.
- 21:11Speaker 1: No, it's everywhere.
- 21:12Speaker 2: We're talking about high-definition ring doorbell cameras installed on nearly
- 21:16Speaker 2: every single porch, motion-activated floodlight cameras covering driveways, and sophisticated
- 21:22Speaker 2: mesh network home security systems that upload to cloud servers instantaneously.
- 21:27Speaker 1: You can't walk a dog without being recorded from three angles.
- 21:30Speaker 2: Precisely. Furthermore, they're located on a major arterial street, which
- 21:35Speaker 2: means you have municipal infrastructure to contend with. Cities now
- 21:39Speaker 2: deploy ALPR's automated license plate readers at major intersections.
- 21:43Speaker 1: And those just capture everything, right?
- 21:45Speaker 2: Every single car. They're constantly scanning and logging the plate, make, model,
- 21:50Speaker 2: and timestamp of every vehicle that passes through the intersection.
- 21:54Speaker 2: If you are fleeing a homicide scene in a highly
- 21:56Speaker 2: identifiable vehicle like a RAV4 SUV, you're essentially providing law
- 22:00Speaker 2: enforcement with a multi-angle, high-definition documentary of your own getaway.
- 22:04Speaker 1: So they didn't even need to look hard. Lund practically
- 22:07Speaker 1: drew them a map.
- 22:08Speaker 2: That pervasive surveillance grid is precisely the mechanism that allowed
- 22:12Speaker 2: law enforcement to track Richard Lund with such incredible speed.
- 22:16Speaker 2: By synthesizing the localized residential camera footage with the municipal
- 22:20Speaker 2: traffic data, they could identify the specific RA-4, trace its
- 22:24Speaker 2: egress route out of Santa Rosa, map its trajectory across
- 22:28Speaker 2: the Bay Area, and locate it right at the residence
- 22:31Speaker 2: Lund shared with Asia Morton in Dublin.
- 22:34Speaker 1: There is one crucial anomaly in the physical evidence that
- 22:37Speaker 1: we really need to highlight for you. The police successfully
- 22:41Speaker 1: executed the arrest warrant. They have Richard London custody. They
- 22:45Speaker 1: seized the R-84. But according to the source reports, they
- 22:48Speaker 1: still do not have the murder weapon.
- 22:50Speaker 2: No, they don't.
- 22:51Speaker 1: The firearm used to discharge those five rounds remains totally
- 22:53Speaker 1: unaccounted for.
- 22:54Speaker 2: A missing murder weapon certainly presents a hurdle for prosecutors.
- 22:59Speaker 2: I mean, it deprives them of the ballistic striation matching
- 23:02Speaker 2: necessary that unequivocally ties a specific tool to the victim.
- 23:06Speaker 1: Does that mean the case falls apart?
- 23:08Speaker 2: Not at all. In the context of modern jurisprudence, a
- 23:11Speaker 2: missing gun is rarely fatal to a case when the
- 23:14Speaker 2: circumstantial and digital evidence is overwhelming, which in this case
- 23:19Speaker 2: it is.
- 23:20Speaker 1: Because while Lund was allegedly navigating this incredibly loud, highly
- 23:24Speaker 1: visible and just technologically doomed getaway in Northern California, Asia
- 23:29Speaker 1: Morton was attempting to deploy an alibi that she likely
- 23:33Speaker 1: believed was completely impenetrable. Right.
- 23:36Speaker 2: When the police raided the Dublin home to arrest Lund,
- 23:39Speaker 2: Asia Morton was nowhere to be found.
- 23:41Speaker 1: Where was she?
- 23:41Speaker 2: She wasn't at a friend's house. She wasn't at the
- 23:43Speaker 2: grocery store. She was on a completely different continent. She
- 23:47Speaker 2: had traveled to Spain.
- 23:48Speaker 1: Spain. I mean, the contrast is deliberately stark. A violent,
- 23:52Speaker 1: chaotic execution is taking place in a California suburb. And
- 23:56Speaker 1: one of the alleged primary conspirators is actively touring Europe.
- 24:00Speaker 2: It's quite the alibi.
- 24:01Speaker 1: And law enforcement eventually apprehended her. They did.
- 24:03Speaker 2: They actually waited until she completed her trip and arrested
- 24:06Speaker 2: her the exact moment she disembarked her return flight at
- 24:09Speaker 2: San Francisco International Airport.
- 24:11Speaker 1: But wait, if she is physically in Spain when the
- 24:14Speaker 1: treasure is pulled in California, how does the prosecution legally
- 24:18Speaker 1: implicate her in the murder?
- 24:20Speaker 2: This circles back to the core concept of premeditation in conspiracy.
- 24:24Speaker 2: Detective Irvine points out that international travel to Europe is
- 24:28Speaker 2: rarely a spontaneous, impulsive decision.
- 24:31Speaker 1: No, of course not. You don't just wake up on
- 24:33Speaker 1: a Tuesday morning stretch and casually decide to board a
- 24:36Speaker 1: transatlantic flight that afternoon.
- 24:38Speaker 2: Exactly. It requires passports to be current, advanced ticketing, significant
- 24:43Speaker 2: financial expenditure, and logistical coordination. The timing of this European vacation,
- 24:49Speaker 2: aligning perfectly with the execution of her former manager, is highly,
- 24:53Speaker 2: highly suspicious.
- 24:54Speaker 1: The clear implication being that the entire trip was orchestrated
- 24:57Speaker 1: specifically to provide an airtight physical alibi. Yes. If she's accused,
- 25:02Speaker 1: her defense is simply, I couldn't have pulled the trigger.
- 25:04Speaker 1: I have a stamped passport proving I was in Madrid.
- 25:06Speaker 2: And she is correct, which is why she isn't being
- 25:08Speaker 2: charged with the physical act of murder. She's being charged
- 25:11Speaker 2: as an accessory, with the state alleging she was a
- 25:14Speaker 2: foundational architect of the plot.
- 25:16Speaker 1: But placing her at the drawing board of that plot
- 25:18Speaker 1: requires evidence that transcends her physical location. How do you
- 25:22Speaker 1: tether someone to a conspiracy when they are thousands of
- 25:25Speaker 1: miles away across the Atlantic Ocean?
- 25:28Speaker 2: The answer lies in the reality of modern digital forensics.
- 25:32Speaker 2: Detective Irvine explains that the intuitive investigative step, you know,
- 25:36Speaker 2: subpoenaing the airlines for passenger manifests to prove she fled,
- 25:39Speaker 2: is actually a really cumbersome and slow process.
- 25:42Speaker 1: Oh, really? I would think that would be the first move.
- 25:45Speaker 2: It's tough. Airlines operate across complex international jurisdictions. And data
- 25:50Speaker 2: privacy laws make rapid information extraction very difficult for local police.
- 25:55Speaker 1: So if the airlines are a bureaucratic nightmare, what is
- 25:58Speaker 1: the actual smoking gun that breaks the alibi?
- 26:01Speaker 2: The smartphone. It is the absolute anchor of contemporary criminal investigations.
- 26:06Speaker 2: We tend to view our phones simply as communication devices,
- 26:10Speaker 2: but as the detective explicitly defines them, they're effectively walking
- 26:13Speaker 2: GPS geolocators.
- 26:15Speaker 1: I really want to focus on the sheer irony of
- 26:17Speaker 1: this strategy. Imagine the digital toll booths you have to
- 26:20Speaker 1: pass through to make this work.
- 26:22Speaker 2: It's staggering.
- 26:23Speaker 1: You go to the immense trouble and expense of booking
- 26:26Speaker 1: an international flight to build an alibi. You put an
- 26:29Speaker 1: entire ocean between yourself and the crime scene to project innocence.
- 26:32Speaker 2: Right.
- 26:33Speaker 1: But the entire time you are carrying a device in
- 26:36Speaker 1: your pocket that is constantly pinging local cell towers, paying
- 26:40Speaker 1: an invisible digital toll just to stay connected to the network,
- 26:43Speaker 1: proving exactly where you are, what you are searching for,
- 26:46Speaker 1: and who you are communicating with.
- 26:48Speaker 2: The physical distance is entirely neutralized by the digital proximity.
- 26:52Speaker 2: To understand how damning this is, we have to look
- 26:55Speaker 2: at how cellular triangulation, or more accurately, trilateration works.
- 27:00Speaker 1: Break that down for us. How does trilateration actually work?
- 27:02Speaker 2: Even if you turn off your GPS, your phone must
- 27:05Speaker 2: constantly handshake with the nearest cellular towers to maintain a signal.
- 27:09Speaker 2: Service providers log the time, duration, and specific tower of
- 27:13Speaker 2: every single handshake. By analyzing the signal strength from three
- 27:16Speaker 2: overlapping towers, Analysts can pinpoint a device's location down to
- 27:20Speaker 2: a highly specific radius.
- 27:22Speaker 1: So the prosecutors aren't just looking at when she sent
- 27:24Speaker 1: a text message. They are looking at a three-dimensional map
- 27:28Speaker 1: of her digital life leading up to the murder.
- 27:30Speaker 2: Precisely. The core of the state's case will be the
- 27:34Speaker 2: metadata and the content of the communications between Asia Morton
- 27:38Speaker 2: and Richard Lund.
- 27:39Speaker 1: Every phone call.
- 27:40Speaker 2: Every phone call. Every SMS text. Every message sent over
- 27:44Speaker 2: seemingly secure applications. before she departed for Spain, during her
- 27:48Speaker 2: time overseas, and in the immediate chaotic aftermath of the homicide.
- 27:53Speaker 1: Because Data does not have an ego, and Data does
- 27:55Speaker 1: not lie. A defense attorney could easily stand before a
- 27:58Speaker 1: jury and argue that her phone call asking about Mark
- 28:01Speaker 1: being gone was just, you know, the emotional venting of
- 28:04Speaker 1: a frustrated bartender blowing off steam.
- 28:06Speaker 2: Oh, they would definitely try that. But that defense strategy
- 28:09Speaker 2: completely disintegrates if the prosecution can project a timeline onto
- 28:12Speaker 2: a screen... showing text messages coordinating the movement to the RV4,
- 28:17Speaker 2: or discussing the specific end time of Mark Calagani's shift,
- 28:20Speaker 2: sent between a smartphone pinging a cellular tower in Madrid
- 28:24Speaker 2: and a smartphone pinging a cellular tower in Santa Rosa.
- 28:26Speaker 1: It's game over at that point.
- 28:28Speaker 2: Digital forensics provide an objective mathematical reality that easily overpowers
- 28:33Speaker 2: circumstantial narrative defenses.
- 28:36Speaker 1: So the digital forensics provide the investigative framework. They establish
- 28:40Speaker 1: the how. the coordination, and the undeniable connection between the
- 28:43Speaker 1: two suspects. But to truly understand the why, to confirm
- 28:48Speaker 1: the grudges, the interpersonal friction, and to uncover that chilling
- 28:52Speaker 1: phone call in the first place, law enforcement had to
- 28:55Speaker 1: penetrate an environment that is notoriously impenetrable.
- 28:58Speaker 2: This is a fascinating aspect of the case. We have
- 29:01Speaker 2: to analyze the sociological dynamic between the adult entertainment industry
- 29:06Speaker 2: and the police.
- 29:07Speaker 1: They don't usually get along, do they?
- 29:08Speaker 2: Not at all. Historically, this relationship is fraught with deep-seated antagonism.
- 29:13Speaker 2: Strip clubs and similar venues are frequently subjected to vice raids,
- 29:17Speaker 2: undercover stings, and just intense regulatory scrutiny.
- 29:21Speaker 1: So there's no trust there.
- 29:22Speaker 2: Exactly. Consequently, the industry naturally attracts and employs individuals who
- 29:26Speaker 2: operate on the margins, many of whom have had deeply
- 29:29Speaker 2: negative adversarial experiences with law enforcement in the past.
- 29:33Speaker 1: It breeds a culture of extreme insularity, an omerta, basically.
- 29:38Speaker 1: People in that world handle their own disputes. they keep
- 29:40Speaker 1: their heads down, and they absolutely do not volunteer information
- 29:44Speaker 1: to detectives.
- 29:45Speaker 2: The baseline expectation in an investigation like this is a
- 29:49Speaker 2: solid wall of silence. No one saw anything, no one
- 29:52Speaker 2: heard anything, no one knows anyone. But in the investigation
- 29:56Speaker 2: into Mark Kilkenny's murder, That expected wall of silence completely
- 30:00Speaker 2: and immediately collapsed.
- 30:02Speaker 1: And the reason it collapsed brings us full circle to
- 30:04Speaker 1: exactly who Mark was as a person and a manager.
- 30:08Speaker 2: It really does. Because he had spent years actively cultivating
- 30:12Speaker 2: an environment of respect. Because he treated his staff with
- 30:15Speaker 2: dignity and offered them mentorship rather than exploiting their vulnerabilities.
- 30:19Speaker 2: The ecosystem inside the Condor Club was shattered by his assassination.
- 30:23Speaker 1: They genuinely cared about him.
- 30:24Speaker 2: The staff's loyalty to Mark vastly outweighed their ingrained distrust
- 30:28Speaker 2: of the police.
- 30:29Speaker 1: They weren't stepping forward to protect the reputation of the
- 30:31Speaker 1: club or the industry. They were stepping forward strictly to
- 30:34Speaker 1: seek justice for a man who had protected them.
- 30:37Speaker 2: And the employees were highly motivated to aid the investigation.
- 30:40Speaker 2: They proactively detailed the internal workplace drama, mapped out the
- 30:45Speaker 2: specific bad blood between Mark, Asia, and Richard.
- 30:48Speaker 1: And most crucially, they provided the specific interpersonal communications like
- 30:52Speaker 1: tipping off the detectives to Morton's hypothetical question about Mark
- 30:56Speaker 1: being gone.
- 30:57Speaker 2: Exactly. Without the active, eager cooperation of the Condor Club community,
- 31:02Speaker 2: establishing a coherent motive would have been a significantly more
- 31:05Speaker 2: arduous task for the detectives. It might have even stalled
- 31:09Speaker 2: the case.
- 31:09Speaker 1: So what does this all mean for the suspects now?
- 31:12Speaker 1: Where does the legal machinery stand?
- 31:14Speaker 2: The systemic response has been swift and severe. Following his arrest,
- 31:18Speaker 2: Richard Lund is being held without bond.
- 31:21Speaker 1: Which makes sense.
- 31:21Speaker 2: Yeah, this is standard procedure given the extreme gravity of
- 31:24Speaker 2: the charges and his extensive violent prior convictions. The prosecution
- 31:29Speaker 2: has charged him with murder, alongside two distinct counts of
- 31:32Speaker 2: illegal firearm possession. Furthermore, he is facing multiple charge enhancements.
- 31:37Speaker 1: Let's clarify what a charge enhancement actually does to a sentence,
- 31:40Speaker 1: particularly in a state like California.
- 31:43Speaker 2: In the California Penal Code, An enhancement is an additional
- 31:46Speaker 2: penalty added to the base sentence of the primary crime
- 31:49Speaker 2: due to the specific circumstances of how the crime was
- 31:51Speaker 2: committed or who committed it. Stacks. Yes. Because Len is
- 31:55Speaker 2: a previously convicted felon utilizing a firearm to allegedly commit
- 31:59Speaker 2: a homicide, these enhancements stack sequentially. They can exponentially increase
- 32:04Speaker 2: the mandatory minimum years required to be served, often ensuring
- 32:07Speaker 2: that if convicted, the individual will never reenter society. Wow.
- 32:12Speaker 1: And regarding... Asia Morton's legal status?
- 32:15Speaker 2: She has been formally charged as an accessory to murder.
- 32:18Speaker 2: Both individuals will, of course, have the opportunity to present
- 32:21Speaker 2: their defenses in a court of law, but the prosecution
- 32:24Speaker 2: is armed with a formidable trifecta of evidence here.
- 32:26Speaker 1: Right. An inescapable neighborhood surveillance web, an immutable trail of
- 32:31Speaker 1: digital forensics spanning two continents, and a highly motivated, highly
- 32:35Speaker 1: cooperative pool of witnesses eager to testify.
- 32:38Speaker 2: It is a very difficult case to defend against.
- 32:40Speaker 1: When you step back and view the totality of this case,
- 32:43Speaker 1: it is a profound and senseless tragedy. A historic legacy
- 32:47Speaker 1: institution that survived the seismic cultural shifts of the 1960s,
- 32:52Speaker 1: the volatile chaos of the 1980s and decades of San
- 32:55Speaker 1: Francisco history violently lost its ethical anchor.
- 32:58Speaker 2: It really did.
- 32:59Speaker 1: And all of it, allegedly, because the bruised ego of
- 33:03Speaker 1: an ambitious 25 year old merged with the violent history
- 33:06Speaker 1: of a 43 year old culminating in a man waiting
- 33:09Speaker 1: in the dark with a gun.
- 33:10Speaker 2: It serves as a grim case study in how rapidly
- 33:13Speaker 2: a standard workplace grievance can weaponize when introduced into the
- 33:17Speaker 2: right psychological echo chamber.
- 33:19Speaker 1: Yeah.
- 33:19Speaker 2: But from an analytical law enforcement perspective, this investigation highlights
- 33:23Speaker 2: a terrifying modern reality for anyone contemplating a conspiracy. The
- 33:27Speaker 2: concept of slipping away unnoticed is extinct.
- 33:29Speaker 1: Completely gone.
- 33:30Speaker 2: Whether you are attempting to conceal yourself in the predawn
- 33:33Speaker 2: shadows of a quiet suburban street, Or you are booking
- 33:36Speaker 2: a transatlantic flight to blend into a crowd in Spain.
- 33:39Speaker 2: The omnipresent surveillance grid and the digital exhaust from our
- 33:42Speaker 2: own devices are perpetually tirelessly recording your narrative.
- 33:45Speaker 1: Which leaves you with a deeply unsettling realization to carry
- 33:48Speaker 1: with you. We just spent an hour dissecting an incredibly elaborate,
- 33:51Speaker 1: expensive attempt to use international travel to construct the ultimate
- 33:56Speaker 1: impenetrable alibi. But it forces you to wonder, in an
- 33:59Speaker 1: era where our vehicles broadcast our coordinates, our doorbells log
- 34:02Speaker 1: our faces, and the smart devices in our pockets quietly
- 34:06Speaker 1: document our every step, our social networks, and our unspoken intentions,
- 34:10Speaker 1: is the very concept of a true alibi dead forever.
- 34:12Speaker 1: If the invisible digital tollbooths of modern technology already know
- 34:16Speaker 1: exactly where we are and what we are planning before
- 34:18Speaker 1: we even act, maybe the only real functional alibi left
- 34:21Speaker 1: in the 21st century is simply choosing not to commit
- 34:24Speaker 1: the crime in the first place.