Latest / How To Protect The Ocean / Short-Form Content for Ocean Awareness: What Actually Works
Transcript
- 1:05Today we're gonna be talking about short-form content and how it
- 1:08could help spread ocean awareness.
- 1:10Now, I have to admit, one of the things that I have trouble
- 1:13with is doing short-form content Doing short-form content that
- 1:16is not a clip from the podcast.
- 1:19If you look at my Instagram, TikTok, YouTube Shorts, they're
- 1:22pretty much clips from this podcast.
- 1:23I videotape myself, I'm looking right in my camera right now.
- 1:27I videotape myself, and then my editor will take clips from the episode and
- 1:32post them up, usually two clips per episode, and post them up on TikTok,
- 1:35on Instagram, and on YouTube Shorts.
- 1:37And they kinda give people a perspective of what we're doing on
- 1:40these podcasts, and I think it's fun.
- 1:42It's a great thing to do.
- 1:43It's a lot of fun to be able to take part in this kind of stuff, and to get video
- 1:46out there to show people what I do here on the How to Protect the Ocean podcast.
- 1:50However, one of the things that gets difficult is when I'm trying
- 1:54to create original content in short-form content, especially video.
- 1:58That's a difficult thing for me.
- 2:00I have trouble doing that because when I do it, I talk too long, 'cause I'm so
- 2:04used to talking on a podcast, like a, long-form video where the three minutes,
- 2:09it's very difficult to fit the information you want in three minutes the way I talk.
- 2:13So I have to figure out different ways to do things, but I have some ideas on
- 2:17what I wanna do for short-form content.
- 2:19I've been watching the gurus, and the social media people and
- 2:21everything, and what people can do to help grow your content or
- 2:25help grow your following on this.
- 2:27And you know, I think what's interesting is we are getting into
- 2:30a period where followers, and this is all, all across all platforms,
- 2:34followers and subscribers are not as important as views and as watch time.
- 2:39So making sure people watch your video or look at your posts for as
- 2:43long as possible, and making sure that they stay on the platform.
- 2:48I think that's something that's always been an interesting thing
- 2:51that social media companies want you to do in the different platforms.
- 2:53They want you to stay on the platform 'cause, like, you know,
- 2:56something like, a platform like YouTube, they're gonna show ads.
- 2:59So they want you to stay on the platform for as long as possible.
- 3:02Even with Instagram, they're gonna show ads, and TikTok, they're gonna show ads.
- 3:05They don't want you to go off platform.
- 3:07They don't want you to see a creator and the creator's like, "Hey, go to
- 3:09my link in the bio," and then go out there and get that kind of stuff.
- 3:12They want you to watch the video, and so that means your video or your content
- 3:16has to be watchable from start to finish.
- 3:19So if you're doing three minutes of content, you want it to be interesting
- 3:22for three minutes of content.
- 3:23Whereas, like, a long form, although they want you to stay on as long as
- 3:26possible, they want you to stay on after the video or after they're listening.
- 3:29So I think that's really interesting to see.
- 3:31Podcasting is a little bit different, but we're gonna be talking about
- 3:33short-form content, 'cause I feel like this is where I have trouble.
- 3:36This is where the trouble really begins for me, is because doing any
- 3:40piece of content, and usually it's video, a short-form video, in between,
- 3:44like, 60 and 90 seconds is is not easy to do, especially for someone
- 3:48who likes to talk as much as I do.
- 3:50And so you, what you need, you need a couple of different things.
- 3:52You need it to be built for vertical viewing, so you're
- 3:55probably recording on your phone.
- 3:56You're having maybe one of those little microphones, like
- 3:58I have a RODE, a wireless mic.
- 4:00You're probably looking, like, the sound has to be on.
- 4:03It has to be, like, a fast hook, 'cause people can scroll really, really quickly
- 4:07if they don't like what they see or they don't like what you're doing.
- 4:09It has to be something that's interesting to them.
- 4:12And it's not really a mini version of the long-term content.
- 4:15Like, my clips do okay, but they're not really built for that mini
- 4:19version or that timeline, right?
- 4:20Of the 30 to 60 to 90 seconds or even three minutes.
- 4:23And so it has its own format, and it has its own rules in this short-form content.
- 4:27And I think it's something that's really interesting.
- 4:29And a lot of people who do podcasts don't do short form,
- 4:32and short form don't do podcasts.
- 4:34And I think the two can really meld together because you're
- 4:36reaching a different audience.
- 4:38Just like when you go from podcasting on audio platforms and then bring
- 4:42it to a video platform like YouTube, you're looking at expanding that
- 4:46audience to a different audience.
- 4:48Because people who watch YouTube podcast-listening people, which may
- 4:51not be short-form listening people.
- 4:53So they're all different types of audiences.
- 4:55So if you want to build a brand or in this case, if you want to spread
- 4:59ocean awareness, ocean science, ocean conservation, you will want to hit
- 5:04every different platform differently.
- 5:06You may not want to spread it out as I do, as repurposing.
- 5:09It used to be like, "Hey, just repurpose it.
- 5:11It's great." I don't think I'll ever stop posting those clips because they're
- 5:14so easy to post, but I gotta create something new in this kind of situation.
- 5:18I think if you are looking at doing short-form content, which I know
- 5:22a lot of people, like my daughter wants to get into short-form content.
- 5:25She gets into science communication, because she wants to be a wildlife
- 5:28biologist, because that's where the platform where she lives in,
- 5:31Instagram, TikTok, that's where she is.
- 5:32She doesn't listen to podcasts.
- 5:34She doesn't really watch YouTube as much as she used to when she was a kid.
- 5:37And so now being, you know, 18, 19 years old, she is going to be going into this
- 5:41type of content, like short-form content.
- 5:43Now, the one thing is, is you're gonna be hitting a different audience, right?
- 5:45It's a different target audience.
- 5:47And the thing is it's a low commitment for the viewer, which means it's a low
- 5:50barrier of entry for that first exposure.
- 5:52The way TikTok works, even now, a lot of other platforms, whether it be
- 5:57LinkedIn or Instagram or YouTube Shorts.
- 6:00The barrier to be exposed to something new is really low because the algorithm
- 6:04is just like, you know, you have the FYP page, the For You page on TikTok,
- 6:08where it's basically serving up content, like it's testing out content
- 6:11all the time in front of the user.
- 6:13So I'll get content every once in a while that has nothing to do with what
- 6:16I like or what I've liked in the past.
- 6:18They throw something that's different.
- 6:19I'm like, "No, I don't need to know that." And then they'll give
- 6:21me something else, and then it continues to give me something.
- 6:23Then they'll give me stuff that I may not follow the person, but I
- 6:26continually get that video back.
- 6:28It's changed the way algorithms work across social media because the
- 6:32virality can increase so much because it's constantly showing your video in
- 6:36front of people that it thinks might like it, and it might be experimenting
- 6:40with people who may not like it.
- 6:41So your fringe becomes big.
- 6:43Like, you have your core audience, then you have your fringe audience
- 6:46that might pull in some things.
- 6:47So they may not like my podcast clips, but they may like a series that I'm
- 6:51going to do on conservation or a series I'm gonna do on education.
- 6:56It really just depends on what they do, but they're gonna get those
- 6:58videos every once in a while, so I can get picked up by anybody.
- 7:01So it's not just going to my followers if I have like three or four followers.
- 7:04It's going to everybody.
- 7:06And then it kinda narrows it down based on what they've liked before.
- 7:09So if somebody likes a nature video or somebody likes an education video
- 7:12on something science-y or something wildlife, they might get one of my videos
- 7:16on conservation or on ocean conservation because that's in their wheelhouse
- 7:19and the algorithm figures that out, which I think is really interesting.
- 7:23So I think it's not a subscriber-driven algorithm, it's a video.
- 7:27It looks at what can go viral or what can do it, it makes things go viral.
- 7:31I had a video recently on TikTok that hit 107,000 views in, like, two
- 7:38days, and that was incredible, right?
- 7:41And I was like, wow, this didn't really have anything to do…
- 7:44It had to do with ghost nets, and it was a clip from my podcast, and
- 7:46it just all of a sudden it went.
- 7:48All my other clips on TikTok were getting two, maybe 300, maybe 500
- 7:52every once in a while, but two to 300 views, which is phenomenal to me.
- 7:55Like, I know that's not, like, influencer status or content creation
- 7:58status, like, where I can get money, 'cause in Canada you can't get money
- 8:00on the program from what I understand.
- 8:02But it's kinda cool to see that, you know, every once in a while something
- 8:05pops off that you don't expect.
- 8:07And so I think this kinda really works well in the way of posting and being seen,
- 8:13like, oh, this can go viral at any moment.
- 8:15Not that I'm looking to go viral or you should be looking to go viral.
- 8:19And by the way, when I say me, this is what I'm gonna do, I think this is
- 8:21something that you should consider doing.
- 8:23If you're a scientist, a wildlife biologist, you're interested in
- 8:25science, or you're interested in nature, interested in the ocean, you should be
- 8:28posting on talking about things that you know, that you love to even find out.
- 8:32And I think, this is a great way of correcting misinformation.
- 8:35How megalodon myths or shark attack fear or viral animal videos, you can kinda
- 8:40take a look of what's the right thing to do ethically, what's not the right
- 8:42thing to do, what's real, what's not.
- 8:44It's a really good way to stitch something or get in on something
- 8:48and be able to talk about it.
- 8:49I think it's kinda cool to see.
- 8:51Now, two people I'm gonna be referring to throughout the week is Kristian Parton,
- 8:54who owns Shark Bytes on YouTube, and Kay Passionate, she owns a YouTube channel,
- 8:59but she also is on Twitch, she's also on TikTok, and she's also on Instagram.
- 9:03They have big followings, right?
- 9:05Especially Kay Passionate.
- 9:06Kay Pass- has a very big following on a lot of these different platforms.
- 9:09And so it goes to show that you can talk about animals in a cool and fun
- 9:14kinda way, even just quote-unquote yapping type of way, which is, like, a
- 9:17new trend we'll talk about in a second on short form video and still be able
- 9:20to produce, like, really good content.
- 9:22It takes time, and we'll talk about that workflow in a second,
- 9:24but that's something that you can take a look at or do really well.
- 9:28Let's talk about what works.
- 9:29I'm not gonna talk about, like, yet about the video itself, but
- 9:32I wanna talk about what to post.
- 9:35You can go in and you can post random sort of ideas.
- 9:38You can do like education episodes, like taking animals, like we're gonna talk
- 9:41about the bullfrog, or we're gonna talk about the Humboldt squid, or we're gonna
- 9:45talk about the great white shark today.
- 9:46Or, you know, I'm gonna comment on the latest Shark Week episode
- 9:49that I thought was either good or bad or for whatever reason.
- 9:52You could do like narratives or editorial-type posts.
- 9:55And so I think when you start to hone in on stuff and see what works and
- 9:59what doesn't, experiment, by all means.
- 10:01But I think at the beginning it's really important to figure out what you're
- 10:04going to talk about on a regular basis.
- 10:06What do you enjoy to talk about on a regular basis?
- 10:09Do you enjoy talking about just pure education?
- 10:12Do you enjoy talking about conservation projects that are happening?
- 10:15Do you enjoy doing like reaction videos, busting myth videos?
- 10:19I think doing it randomly is okay.
- 10:22I think you'll do okay if you do it consistently.
- 10:25You should come up with a plan of doing some type of series.
- 10:28It seems that the follow me series on a journey will do better because
- 10:34people are invested in that journey.
- 10:36So there are a lot, you can see it in fitness.
- 10:39So there's a number of people online who are saying, "Follow my fitness journey.
- 10:42I'm trying to lose weight, I'm trying to gain muscle, I'm trying to lose
- 10:46my dad bod," all this kind of stuff.
- 10:47And you can say, "This is day one of me trying to lose or get into a dad bod with
- 10:52a kettlebell exercise thing." I've seen that from a guy that I kind of follow.
- 10:55I'm like, "Oh, that's kind of interesting."
- 10:56Like, these are really easy to do workouts at home and you kind of do it.
- 10:59It's kind of fun if you think, "Oh, I can't get to the gym today," or, "I'm
- 11:02recovering from something, maybe I can do this quick workout and do it that way."
- 11:05There's one woman who's on TikTok that I see, I'm sure she's on Instagram too,
- 11:09and she has quite the following, where she is learning something new every day.
- 11:12And so she has a notebook that she writes down every day of something
- 11:15she learned that's new to her.
- 11:17And I think that's fun.
- 11:18That's a fun way of like watching something that's not detrimental
- 11:21to your psyche in terms and your mental health, but you're learning
- 11:23something new along with her.
- 11:25And then she actually sells her notebooks with all the stuff that she's
- 11:28learned and what you can learn and how you can follow the journey with her.
- 11:31I think it's really cool.
- 11:32So you can do a lot of these types of series where it's like these follow
- 11:35along journey series where you're trying to figure out something new
- 11:39or you're trying to talk to somebody and educate somebody and I think
- 11:41those seem to work really well.
- 11:43Now, the structure of the video has to be focused.
- 11:47And it takes a while to craft these.
- 11:49This is where I think is the most frustrating aspect of it because there
- 11:52are some people who will get on and they'll do this form that's yapping.
- 11:55Yapping is just you're basically talking into your phone.
- 11:57You may have a microphone, you may not.
- 11:59It's very casual, and you're talking about one idea.
- 12:01And you have that idea, and you say it for, you know, anywhere between 60
- 12:04seconds and three minutes, and then you just kinda go and that's your video.
- 12:07It doesn't have to be highly edited, it could just be casual, but
- 12:10you still have to hook people in.
- 12:12So the hook in the first one to three seconds is huge.
- 12:16Like, if you don't earn that next second, the algorithm will move on.
- 12:19It's not gonna push it out.
- 12:20So having something that is a strong statement and saying, "Hey, you know
- 12:24what? You need to capture me or I'm gonna continue to scroll. So it could
- 12:28be, like looking at sharks, like, " Have you seen the shark video that attacked
- 12:32the surfer?" Which you don't really wanna say that because that's kinda
- 12:35bad, but that catches people's eyes.
- 12:37Or, "You're never gonna believe what happened in the waters of Monterey
- 12:41Bay with this great white shark." And then you can talk about what happened.
- 12:44You have to earn the viewer.
- 12:46If you're gonna do this science communication stuff, you have
- 12:49to look at how they're scrolling past and easy it's scrolling past.
- 12:52Having that first image, whether it be you or whether it be a picture of
- 12:55what you're talking about, and then that hook to say, "Hey, I need to
- 12:59hook you in. I need to bring you in on this episode. Follow me through this
- 13:02episode." I think that's important.
- 13:04And then of course, only introduce one idea per video.
- 13:07Like, not a summary of everything you know about that topic, but just one idea that
- 13:11can, you can say in one to three minutes.
- 13:13This is where I struggle, is the content itself, which is very
- 13:15important, and I think that's why I don't do it as much as I want to do it.
- 13:19You have to just stick to one thing and realize that you have to put the
- 13:22information between one and three minutes.
- 13:24I think, you know, a lot of people talk about repurposing, and I just talked about
- 13:28it, like doing clips and things like that.
- 13:29I still think there's a style in each platform that you can do, and
- 13:32if you're able and have time to do those videos for each platform.
- 13:35I think short form video, if you're just filming it on your phone and not
- 13:39within an app like TikTok or Instagram, I think it's easier to cross-promote,
- 13:43like to go on Instagram and on TikTok.
- 13:45But something that works in Instagram may not work in TikTok, and vice versa.
- 13:48So don't expect the same kinda thing.
- 13:50So, I think you're looking at, like it's might be better to do
- 13:53like a native platform style over like a polished production too.
- 13:56It's like keep it casual.
- 13:57So overly produced content often underperforms, like raw,
- 14:00direct-to-camera style type of videos.
- 14:03Which I said before, like yapping tends to be the big thing right now.
- 14:06It used to be highly produced video, now it's like, no, no, where you can just have
- 14:09a little chitchat in one to three minutes.
- 14:12And of course captions matter.
- 14:13A lot of people will watch videos where they're just reading the captions.
- 14:16They don't have sound on.
- 14:17They might be at work, they might be somewhere where they don't
- 14:19want the sound to be on, and they can just read those captions.
- 14:21So having clear, easily read captions are always great, just in
- 14:25case they're watching it with the sound off, which most viewers do.
- 14:28And then of course, you can start using trending audio and formats.
- 14:31One thing that Dave Ebert does on Instagram is he'll use pictures to
- 14:34promote our Beyond Jaws podcast, but he'll put some trending audio or put
- 14:38audio that he thinks that is trending, and he'll put it on, and it does pretty
- 14:41well, which is interesting to see.
- 14:43So those always help.
- 14:44And then of course the big thing about when you're filming it.
- 14:47Filming one is an easy feat.
- 14:50Filming 10 is harder because you're always coming up with that creative aspect.
- 14:55Having consistency over, like, commentary formats or over,
- 14:59like, perfection is huge.
- 15:01Consistency over perfection is the biggest thing.
- 15:03It doesn't have to be crazy produced.
- 15:06All it has to do is get the point across, especially with short-form video.
- 15:10You capture the people for, like, less than three minutes.
- 15:12You wanna make sure you get your stuff across.
- 15:15That's really important.
- 15:16And then of course, like any kind of react and commentary format does really well,
- 15:20especially for science communicators.
- 15:21So reacting to a viral animal videos or any kind of news events is
- 15:25really, you can do that really well.
- 15:26You can use like a green screen behind you.
- 15:28You can edit it after if you really want to quickly so that people
- 15:31can see what you're referring to.
- 15:33It's always great.
- 15:34Now, all this work, it takes time.
- 15:36It could take a significant amount of time, especially at the beginning.
- 15:39Doing your first like seven, posts where you're doing it once a day.
- 15:42You know, you're trying to create all that.
- 15:44That can be difficult.
- 15:44A workflow helps to organize everything, and do know that it
- 15:48gets easier as you continue along.
- 15:51So your first seven posts may not be that great, but then the next seven
- 15:55will be better than the first seven, and then the next seven will be better
- 15:58than those, and then you're gonna continue to get better and better.
- 16:00Your hooks are gonna get better.
- 16:02Your ability to speak between one and three minutes is going to get better.
- 16:05All that is gonna get better as you go along, but the consistency is
- 16:09what helps you build your following.
- 16:12It's not just gonna be an exponential thing.
- 16:14It will be, but that beginning part is gonna rise slowly, and then as
- 16:18people start to catch on, you'll start to get bigger and bigger
- 16:20and get that hockey stick feeling in the graph, but be patient.
- 16:23The way I always look at it from a science perspective, from a conservation
- 16:27perspective is like if I wanna grow this, it's not about going viral, it's
- 16:30not about having the most followers.
- 16:32It's about how much information could I spread to the people
- 16:34who really wanna see it.
- 16:35The bigger you are, that's great, but you're gonna get
- 16:37a lot of haters out of that.
- 16:39So that comes with consequences.
- 16:40But when you just sit there and you can do it consistently, whether it's
- 16:44one day a week or every weekday or once a week or whatever, the more
- 16:48you post the better, and you'll get better and better and you'll
- 16:50probably start to like it a lot more.
- 16:52So I think that's important.
- 16:53Let's quickly touch on monetization.
- 16:55Because it takes so much time, because you're working at it, I do think that
- 16:58there's ways to get money out of it.
- 17:00And if you're spending that much time and you're becoming a content creator,
- 17:03not an influencer, but a content creator, that's a really important part.
- 17:06But with these short-form platforms, they don't really pay like crazy like,
- 17:10something else, like another platform that we'll talk about this week.
- 17:13They're pretty small compared to long-form like YouTube.
- 17:15The partner program is pretty big.
- 17:17It's worth being up front with you that the amount you're gonna get
- 17:21is gonna be piddles compared to what you're gonna get on something
- 17:24like YouTube or somewhere else.
- 17:26And even then you need a lot of views.
- 17:27You don't necessarily need a lot of subscribers, you need a lot of views.
- 17:30So for instance, like the TikTok Creator Rewards program replaced the old creator
- 17:34fund, pays roughly 40 cents to a dollar per thousand qualified views, and it
- 17:38requires at least 10,000 followers and 100,000 views in the past 30 days, and
- 17:44only videos over one minute qualify.
- 17:47So they're trying to get people to do a little more long-form content on TikTok.
- 17:50You still need a ton of followers.
- 17:53You need those 10,000 followers and 100,000 views in the past
- 17:5530 days to continue to be able to build on this type of money.
- 17:59And I think it's only available in certain countries.
- 18:01I don't think it's available in Canada at this point.
- 18:03Now YouTube Shorts monetization's a little bit different.
- 18:05The RPM is much lower than TikTok, roughly about a cent
- 18:09to 10 cents per thousand views.
- 18:11But the sheer volume of views on Shorts can still add up, so there's still ways
- 18:16that you can actually build on that.
- 18:17Instagram Reels, the lowest direct payout of the three.
- 18:21It's comparable to YouTube Shorts, roughly one cent to three cents per
- 18:24thousand views through reels and bonuses.
- 18:27Now, with Instagram, and I don't know if this is the same with TikTok.
- 18:30With Instagram, there are ways where you can sell
- 18:33subscriptions to specific content.
- 18:35So you can almost sell, like, a membership to specific content so that people
- 18:39can gain more about what you're doing.
- 18:41So the people who really believe in you and they're followers on Instagram,
- 18:43they wanna pay for that, they can subscribe monthly, and you can put
- 18:46out specific videos, you can go live for just them, and that kind of stuff.
- 18:50Typically, it takes a lot of followers to get that.
- 18:52That's why they always say over 10,000 followers.
- 18:54It takes a while to get there, but it's kind of interesting.
- 18:56Now, direct ad share payouts - it's really a volume game.
- 19:00And it's not usually a primary income of a lot of creators,
- 19:03especially with short-form content.
- 19:04The real money comes from indirect, like brand sponsorships, affiliate
- 19:08codes, product placement, and using clips as a funnel to monetize a long-form
- 19:13platform or a Patreon-style support.
- 19:15So Patreon is for creators.
- 19:16It's a fund where people can pay to get, like, certain member benefits, which is
- 19:21like early release of episodes, or you could have, like, lives, or you can have
- 19:26groups similar to what I do on my Patreon.
- 19:28So you can work that for anything.
- 19:30TikTok Shop and affiliate programs it's become a bigger piece of
- 19:33the pie for creators as well.
- 19:35So yeah.
- 19:35So I think, like, the big thing to realize with all of this, Monetization
- 19:39for short-form is really difficult.
- 19:41Brand sponsorships and things like that that people get, that's great,
- 19:43but then you're beholden to that brand, so be careful of who you're
- 19:46willing to have, what type of brand you're willing to have on your TikTok,
- 19:49Instagram, and your short-form content platforms, because that will matter.
- 19:52People are gonna hold you to it, and you wanna make sure that, especially if
- 19:54you're talking about science, that it's science-related or conservation-related.
- 19:57So make sure it's gonna do well for your actual piece.
- 20:01So miniseries does really well.
- 20:03You know, short-form is a great entry point.
- 20:05It's not the destination.
- 20:07You want to make sure that you have some kind of journey or follow-along video
- 20:10where you can just talk about one piece at a time, even it's at each and every
- 20:14day that's nice and quick and casual.
- 20:15You don't have to be overly produced.
- 20:17That's a benefit if you're starting out.
- 20:19And I think it's really important.
- 20:20I think it's really important to spread awareness.
- 20:22It's kind of interesting that if you've ever found a video where you
- 20:25have seen something, and say it's like a wildlife thing, and all of
- 20:28a sudden you look at it and you're like, " Oh yeah, this is really cool.
- 20:31I'm gonna go down this rabbit hole and I'm gonna follow this thing," that's where
- 20:34short-form really gets the awareness, and I think that's really important to do.
- 20:38So that's the episode.
- 20:40If you have any questions about short-form content, feel free to reach
- 20:43out on Instagram, TikTok, Facebook.
- 20:45links are in the show notes.
- 20:46Really appreciate if you have any questions, I can answer them however
- 20:49I can just based on my experience.
- 20:50I will be creating my own follow-along journey on short-form, like a couple
- 20:55of things, and I think you'll be seeing me talking about this type of stuff.
- 20:59So yeah.
- 20:59So it'll be a lot of fun to try this out, and I think it's gonna be a lot of fun.
- 21:03Tomorrow, we're gonna be going into something I'm really familiar, uh,
- 21:06with, is podcasting and how podcasting has helped me and sort of the
- 21:09workflow that I've come up with to get to this many episodes, and we're
- 21:13gonna talk about that on Wednesday.
- 21:14So, stay tuned.
- 21:15Hit that follow button if you don't wanna miss any of the episodes, and of
- 21:18course, we're gonna be talking to Amy Weldon, who is in charge of the Blue
- 21:22Collar White Coat podcast, and she's releasing her second season on Friday.
- 21:26You'll get to hear all about it on Friday's episode.
- 21:29I wanna thank you so much for joining me on today's episode of the
- 21:31How to Protect the Ocean podcast.
- 21:32Have a great day.
- 21:33We'll talk to you next time, and happy conservation.