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The Prodigal Son - Part 2: The Father · Providence Baptist Church - Sermons

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Please take your copy of God's Word and turn to Luke chapter 15.
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Having finished our exposition of the book of Acts, Luke's second account is account of the work of the risen Christ.
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We're taking just a short little interlude to do some smaller expositions.
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And we've come to his first account of Jesus's earthly ministry.
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And a particular set of parables that he told in Luke chapter 15.
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Now, like we did last week, I'm going to read the entirety of the chapter to you.
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Because we want to set this parable that we most often know as the parable of the prodigal son in its proper context.
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There's a great truth being communicated here.
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And we don't want to miss that as we study it across these three weeks.
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Last week, today, and the next as well.
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Our focus for today, though, as we read the chapter and we'll come back to, is verses 20 through 24.
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So, Luke chapter 15.
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Before I begin reading, let me remind you, beloved, that this is God's Word to us.
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It was written for His glory and for our good.
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We would all do well to listen to it in order to believe its promises and obey its commands.
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Luke chapter 15, beginning in verse 1 and following.
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Now, the tax collectors and sinners were all drawing near to Him.
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And the Pharisees and the scribes grumbled, saying, This man receives sinners and eats with them.
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So He told them this parable.
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What man of you, having a hundred sheep, if he has lost one of them, does not leave the ninety-nine in the open country and go after the one that is lost until he finds it?
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And when he has found it, he lays it on his shoulders, rejoicing.
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And when he comes home, he calls together his friends and his neighbors, saying to them, Rejoice with me, for I have found my sheep that was lost.
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Just so I tell you, there will be more joy in heaven over one sinner who repents than over ninety-nine righteous persons who need no repentance.
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Or what woman, having ten silver coins, if she loses one coin, does not light a lamp and sweep the house and seek diligently until she finds it?
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And when she has found it, she calls together her friends and neighbors, saying, Rejoice with me, for I have found the coin that I had lost.
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Just so I tell you, there is joy before the angels of God over one sinner who repents.
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And he said, There was a man who had two sons.
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And the younger of them said to his father, Father, give me the share of my property that is coming to me.
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And he divided his property between them.
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Not many days later, the younger son gathered all he had and took a journey into a far country.
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And there he squandered his property in reckless living.
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And when he had spent everything, a severe famine arose in that country, and he began to be in need.
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So he went and hired himself out to one of the citizens of that country who sent him into his fields to feed pigs.
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And he was longing to be fed with the pods that the pigs ate, and no one gave him anything.
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But when he came to himself, he said, How many of my father's hired servants have more than enough bread?
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But I perish here with hunger.
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I will arise and go to my father, and I will say to him, Father, I have sinned against heaven and before you.
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I am no longer worthy to be called your son.
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Treat me as one of your hired servants.
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And he arose and came to his father.
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But while he was still a long way off, his father saw him and felt compassion and ran and embraced him and kissed him.
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And the son said to him, Father, I have sinned against heaven and before you.
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I am no longer worthy to be called your son.
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But the father said to his servants, Bring quickly the best robe and put it on him, and put a ring on his hand and shoes on his feet, and bring the fattened calf and kill it, and let us eat and celebrate.
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For this, my son was dead and is alive again.
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He was lost and is found.
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And they began to celebrate.
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Now his older son was in the field.
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And as he came and drew near to the house, he heard music and dancing.
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And he called one of the servants and asked what these things meant.
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And he said to him, Your brother has come and your father has killed the fattened calf because he has received him back safe and sound.
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But he was angry and refused to go in.
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His father came out and entreated him.
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But he answered his father, Look, these many years I have served you and I never disobeyed your command.
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Yet you never gave me a young goat that I might celebrate with my friends.
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But when this son of yours came, who has devoured your property with prostitutes, you killed the fattened calf for him.
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And he said to him, Son, you are always with me, and all that is mine is yours.
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It was fitting to celebrate and be glad.
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For this, your brother was dead and is alive.
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He was lost and is found.
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And so, as I said, our major attention is on this parable that's most often called the parable of the prodigal son.
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And there are many commentators who have a problem with that title.
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Say it should rather be called the parable of the two sons.
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Or the parable, as Tim Keller says, the parable of the prodigal father.
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Father.
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Because we can, if we only think of the younger son, we can miss the point altogether of this text.
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You see, Jesus is juxtaposing the attitudes of the Pharisees and the scribes with the rejoicing of heaven over lost souls being found.
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He is not in any way suggesting to the Pharisees and scribes that they themselves are righteous.
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They are as desperately lost as those Gentiles and tax collectors that are gathering around Jesus.
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But they don't have a perception of this.
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They are the older brother.
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And so, we're driving to that point, which we'll make readily and at length next week.
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Last week, we focused on verses 11 through 19, the younger son, the one that we call the prodigal.
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And we noted the various stages in the history of this type of sinner, this licentious sinner.
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They were, as follows, number one, a desire for independence from God.
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The truth of it is that we never really are independent from God, but we can seek to be independent from Him.
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We can believe that we are independent from Him.
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The second stage in the history of this sinner is the indulgence of self.
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Investing in us.
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The experience of the fleeting pleasure of sin to its end.
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The third, which some people reach, and I pray you never do, is insanity of the soul.
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This young man came to the place where he wanted to eat inedible food.
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Food that was given to pigs.
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He was brought that low in his sinfulness, in his rebellion against the Father.
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And then, as the prodigal seems to, and if you have come to place believing faith in Christ,
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we see on his part repentance and faith.
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We see him come to himself, believing that his Father will be good to him,
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and will take him back into his control and care.
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This morning, we're going to focus our attention on the love of the Father for the younger son.
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And today, if you're here with us, you find yourself in one of three places.
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Number one, it is possible this morning that you are presently the prodigal son.
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You've sought your independence from God.
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You indulge yourself.
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You may even be finding yourself this morning at the very end of yourself.
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Maybe that's why you chose to accept an invitation to come to church.
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You don't know where else to go.
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You've sought out the pleasure of the world, and it has left you wanting.
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My hope for you this morning, my prayer for you this week,
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is that you will see with what kind of love God loves.
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That you will see that God's love is offered freely and lavishly to anyone
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who will come to him in repentance and faith,
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and that your heart will be drawn to him.
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Secondly, you may find that you are the elder brother
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who we'll talk about more extensively next week.
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But that's to say that you are self-righteous.
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You think you've done enough good to seek God's pleasure.
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You desire to obey God,
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but that desire, that obedience has nothing to do with a love for him,
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but is rather motivated by what you can get from him.
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You think there's some promise on the other side
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if you will simply obey.
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You also, just like the younger son,
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wish that the father was dead,
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and your sin may be the worst of the two
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because it is so much more deceptive.
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You think you're accepted by God by your works,
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and your works will come up short.
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My hope for you this morning
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is that you will also see your need for repentance and faith,
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that you would love God in his ways to have him,
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and not merely what he can give you,
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that you also would fly home to your father,
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that you may rejoice in his goodness to mankind.
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The third position you may find yourself in this morning,
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I hope that most of you, if not all,
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find yourself in this place,
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having been a rebel of one kind or the other,
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having been the younger or been the elder son,
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you have humbly returned to God,
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and he has given you a place in his household.
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My hope for you this morning
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is that you will appreciate afresh
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God's loving kindness towards you.
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Beloved, it is very possible to be found in Christ,
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to be justified before God
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because of what Christ has done on our behalf,
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and to forget it,
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and to function as if.
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We need to earn our way to God,
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or to function as if we can live however we want,
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and be accepted by him.
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It's very possible to find ourself
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in the proper stance with the Lord,
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but not living in accordance with it.
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So I hope this morning you will appreciate once again
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how good the Father is to his people.
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As his sons and daughters,
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we would want to live in his house joyfully
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and obediently.
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That despite how difficult your week may have been,
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that you will revel today in the fact
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that you have been clothed in the righteousness of Christ,
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given the authority to be a herald of God,
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and you have been called a son.
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So we're going to consider the love of the Father
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toward the younger son.
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On the front of your bulletin
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is a quote by A.W. Tozer
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from a book he wrote called Knowledge of the Holy,
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which I commend to you.
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He was a 20th century American pastor,
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and he said this,
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speaking of God's attributes
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as they relate to his love.
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Because God is self-existent,
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his love had no beginning.
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Because he is eternal,
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his love can have no end.
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Because he is infinite,
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it has no limit.
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Because he is holy,
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it is the quintessence
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of all spotless purity.
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Because he is immense,
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his love is an incomprehensibly vast,
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bottomless, shoreless sea.
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So let's get to it.
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Let's consider the Father's love
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toward the younger son.
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The outline for this morning's text
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is as follows.
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Number one,
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the compassion of the Father.
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Number two,
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the son interrupted and restored.
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And number three,
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the celebration of the Father
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and his servants.
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Number one,
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the compassion of the Father.
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We see this throughout
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our text for today,
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but predominantly,
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mostly I want to look at it
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in verse 20 this morning.
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We see,
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coming off the rest of our text
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from verse 19,
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the prodigal son arose
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and came to his father.
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Now,
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it's really important
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that we understand
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what this young man
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would have been going back to
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in this particular culture.
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Remember that this story
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is being told
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predominantly to these scribes
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and Pharisees, right?
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Jesus is driving this point
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and he is using
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shock and awe
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to accomplish it, right?
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Already,
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these Pharisees
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and scribes
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would have just been
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astounded
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by the flagrant
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disobedience
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of this young man, right?
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This young man
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in asking for his inheritance
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from his father
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has said to his father,
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I wish you were dead, right?
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He's gone to him
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and said,
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just go ahead and die
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so that I can have
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what's coming to me, right?
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He has gone off
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to unclean people,
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to Gentile lands.
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He has spent this money
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in a licentious way.
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The older brother tells us
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he must have heard reports
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that he sent it on prostitutes.
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He finds himself now destitute,
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caring for unclean animals.
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These scribes and Pharisees
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are astounded
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at the rebellion
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of this young man.
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So remember in this culture,
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God's given instruction
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in Deuteronomy chapter 21
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that if a son is rebellious,
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he will not listen.
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There's no bringing this son
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to correction.
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That the people of the town
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were supposed to take the son
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outside the gate
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and stone him to death.
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So this is the kind
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of serious culture
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that is looking at the story
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and thinking about obedience.
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Now, the instruction
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of Deuteronomy 21
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was very rarely,
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if ever, followed
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in this day,
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but there would have been
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a great deal of scorn
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for this young man
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as he comes back.
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The cultural expectation.
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These scribes and Pharisees
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are thinking to themselves,
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oh boy, here it comes.
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The son's about to get it
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from his father.
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The cultural expectation
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is that the father
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would have had nothing
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to do with him
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until the son had sat
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outside of his gate
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for an extended period of time.
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Weeks, even months.
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Sat outside the gate.
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And the job of the town folk
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would have been
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to ridicule him.
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Would have been
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to tell him
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what a horrible,
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disobedient son
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he was.
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To spit on him.
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To throw rotten food at him.
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And if the son would
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persevere outside the gate.
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If he would stay
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in that spot
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receiving all of this scorn.
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All of this ridicule
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that was due him
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for his disobedience.
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The father may
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take him back in.
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The father might
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deal with him
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as a hired servant.
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And this is the hope
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of the son, right?
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He's just saying,
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my father will at least
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let me live on the land
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and work for him.
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I'll at least
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have food
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for my belly.
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And this is what
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he goes back to.
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This is what he's
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headed back for.
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Remember
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that he had a plan, right?
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He had thought up
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this plan.
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He was going to
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say this thing.
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He had come to himself
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and I'm going to say,
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verse 18,
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Father, I have sinned
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against heaven
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and before you.
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I'm no longer worthy
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to be called your son.
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Treat me as one
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of your hired servants.
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And beyond Jesus
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telling the story,
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I just imagine him
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rehearsing that
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over and over again
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in his head, right?
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Waiting.
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I'm going to sit
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outside the gate.
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I'm going to sit
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outside the gate.
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I'm going to sit
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outside the gate.
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And when I get an
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audience before my father,
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I'm going to say
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this thing.
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And we see in our text
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today that he launches
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into it, right?
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He's got it ready
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to go.
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But look at what
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happens instead.
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And he arose
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and he came
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to his father.
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But while he was
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still a long
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way off.
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Now in this day,
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landowners
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would have had
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homes in the city.
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For me as a person
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who currently lives
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in the city of Gainesville
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and really loves
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being out,
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I think, why?
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I'd rather have a house
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out on the land
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someplace.
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But it wasn't safe
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to have a house
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out on the land.
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So they all had homes
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in the town.
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So the young man
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is approaching the town
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and while he's still
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a long way off,
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his father sees him
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expectantly watching
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for him.
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This isn't a walk
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by a window
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when he happens
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to see a dirty
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young man
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coming into town.
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He is outside.
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He is expectant.
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And he is watching
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for his son's return.
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And the text says
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he felt compassion.
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He felt compassion.
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The Greek word
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used in the original text
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is a lot stronger
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than the thought
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that comes to my mind
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when I read the word
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compassion.
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I think of kind of
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a momentary feeling
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of affection.
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But the Greek word
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speaks of a guttural,
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a visceral love
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for this young man.
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This is a father
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who would have done
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anything for his son.
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Fathers in the room,
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I know there's not
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a lot of us,
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but I think we can
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in some measure
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understand this,
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that we would do
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anything for our sons.
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When Cade,
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who is my oldest,
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who is now seven,
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was five,
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I took him
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and his younger brother,
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Judah,
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to a playground.
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And there was
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a family reunion
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that looked like
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happening nearby
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and this group
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of probably cousins,
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they just seemed
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like a family unit
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playing a game together.
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They were playing tag
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and Cade wanted
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to get in
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on this game.
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So he just invited
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himself into it
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and was just bouncing around
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and playing
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in this game with them.
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There was the oldest
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of this crew
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who was probably
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eight or nine
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who kept saying to him,
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no,
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you can't play with us.
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But Cade didn't hear that.
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He just kept playing anyway.
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Like, hey, guys, guys.
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And he's running around,
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running around.
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And finally,
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this older boy
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got his attention
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from on top
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of the play set
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and Cade's standing down
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and I'm sitting over
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on the little wall
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as parents do,
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observing.
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And the young boy
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got his attention
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and said,
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hey, kid,
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you can't play with us.
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And Cade looked over
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at me.
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I'm going to cry
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thinking about it.
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Cade looked over at me
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and his little arms
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fell like this
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and his big tears
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welled up in his eyes
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and I just went like this.
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And he came running
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across the playground
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and just fell into my arms.
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And I wanted,
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I wanted to go pinch
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that kid's head off.
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Right?
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Which would have been
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highly inappropriate
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for me to do.
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But gosh,
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you just want to do
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anything for your kids.
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And that's,
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that's small.
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Right?
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In comparison.
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Right?
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So,
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so small
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of an example.
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And then just
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for your sake,
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um,
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maybe for mine
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to tell you that
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not too many moments later
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the kid was running
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full on
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and was looking
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over his shoulder
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and just slammed
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into a pole.
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And,
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and to,
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to my,
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to my shame,
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I went,
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yes!
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So,
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right,
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um,
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Psalm 103,
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13 says this,
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as a father
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shows compassion
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to his children,
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so the Lord
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shows compassion
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to those
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who fear him.
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Right?
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So the father has,
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he sees the son
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from a long way off
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and has this guttural
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love
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for him.
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And what does it do?
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Like,
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what does it compel him
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to do?
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He runs
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to his son.
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Now,
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I think,
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I think for us,
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21st century readers
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of this,
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we just,
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we see a movie
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play out in our mind,
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the music queues up
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as he sprints
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to his son.
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To Jesus' listeners,
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they would have been
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horrified
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by such an action.
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Now,
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remember,
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this father
22:20
should have scorned him
22:21
to begin with.
22:21
This father should have,
22:22
should have had nothing
22:23
to do with him.
22:25
Right?
22:25
Even seeing him
22:26
a long way off,
22:26
gone back inside
22:28
the house.
22:29
But instead,
22:30
he runs.
22:32
Okay?
22:32
So not only does it
22:33
go out to him,
22:34
but he goes out to him
22:35
with haste.
22:37
And the thing for you
22:38
to know is that
22:38
men of wealth
22:39
in this day
22:40
did not run.
22:43
They didn't run.
22:44
They never ran.
22:47
Boys and servants
22:49
ran.
22:51
Right?
22:51
So if you needed something,
22:52
you sent somebody
22:53
to run for you.
22:55
You didn't run.
22:56
It was shameful
22:57
to run
22:58
for men
22:59
in this day.
23:01
Not only
23:02
the very act
23:04
of running,
23:05
but he would have
23:05
taken his long robe,
23:07
his well-dressed robe,
23:09
and he would have had
23:09
to hike it up
23:10
to his knees
23:11
to run.
23:13
Right?
23:13
And he showed
23:14
the bottom
23:14
of his legs.
23:16
This was a thing
23:16
that slaves
23:18
had exposed,
23:19
not men
23:19
of wealth
23:21
and of honor.
23:22
So he
23:23
humbles himself
23:25
out of this
23:27
visceral love
23:28
for his son.
23:28
He humbles himself
23:29
and he runs
23:31
out
23:31
to him.
23:34
God
23:34
humbled himself.
23:37
He became
23:38
a man
23:38
and he suffered
23:39
and he died
23:40
in our stead.
23:43
Hebrews 12,
23:44
2 states
23:44
that Jesus
23:45
endured
23:45
the cross
23:47
despising
23:48
the shame.
23:50
Paul writes
23:51
in Philippians 2,
23:52
6-8
23:52
of Jesus
23:55
who though
23:56
he was in the form
23:56
of God
23:57
did not count
23:58
equality with God
23:59
a thing to be grasped
24:00
but emptied himself
24:02
by taking the form
24:03
of a servant
24:03
being born
24:04
in the likeness
24:05
of men
24:05
and being found
24:06
in human form
24:07
he humbled himself
24:08
by becoming obedient
24:10
to the point of death
24:11
even death
24:13
on a cross.
24:15
So this young
24:16
smelly
24:19
rebellious
24:21
kid
24:21
is coming home
24:22
and the father
24:24
shames himself
24:26
shames himself
24:28
to go out
24:29
and to meet him
24:30
before he makes
24:31
his way
24:32
into the town.
24:34
We'll see why
24:35
in a moment.
24:36
But he makes himself
24:37
a fool.
24:38
You have to imagine.
24:40
It's daytime
24:40
he sees him a long way off
24:42
but people are out
24:43
about in the town
24:44
they're in the marketplace
24:45
and they see him
24:46
run out
24:48
to his boy.
24:51
From our daily
24:51
Bible reading
24:52
for this past week
24:53
Mr. Doug read it to us
24:55
this morning
24:55
Genesis 22
24:57
we read of Abraham's
24:59
willingness
24:59
to sacrifice Isaac
25:01
and that sacrifice
25:02
of Isaac
25:02
being replaced
25:03
with a ram
25:04
who is a type
25:06
for Christ.
25:09
And what does he do
25:10
when he gets to him?
25:11
he doesn't run out
25:13
to him
25:13
in order to bring
25:14
to him
25:15
the condemnation
25:15
that's due to him
25:17
but he embraces him
25:18
and he kisses him.
25:21
He fell on his neck
25:23
some translations
25:24
will say
25:25
he
25:25
collapsed
25:27
onto his son
25:28
and wrapped his arms
25:29
around him
25:31
and the tense
25:32
of kissed him
25:33
means to
25:33
kiss him
25:35
repeatedly.
25:36
this compassion
25:38
is overflowing
25:40
into a great
25:41
joy
25:42
to see
25:42
his son
25:43
return.
25:47
John MacArthur
25:47
said
25:48
of this little
25:49
moment
25:49
in the story
25:50
the prodigal
25:51
came home
25:52
prepared
25:52
to kiss
25:53
his father's
25:54
feet
25:55
instead
25:56
the father
25:57
was kissing
25:58
the prodigal's
25:59
pig stinking
26:00
head.
26:01
And the father's
26:04
compassion
26:04
does not
26:04
stop there.
26:06
Secondly
26:06
let's look at
26:08
the son
26:08
interrupted
26:09
and restored
26:12
verses
26:12
21
26:13
and 22.
26:16
So what happens?
26:17
The son
26:17
launches into
26:18
his speech
26:19
just up in
26:21
verse 18
26:22
and 19
26:22
but he doesn't
26:24
get all the way
26:25
through it
26:25
and I love this
26:26
in Jesus'
26:27
telling here
26:28
he says
26:28
father I'm sitting
26:29
against heaven
26:29
and before you
26:30
I am no longer
26:31
worthy to be
26:32
called your son
26:33
and what is it
26:34
that he was going
26:34
to go on to say
26:35
treat me as one
26:36
of your hired
26:37
servants
26:38
but he gets
26:39
interrupted
26:40
I think that's
26:41
the right way
26:41
to read this
26:43
right
26:43
the conjunction
26:44
verse 22
26:45
but is in the
26:46
original text
26:47
but the father
26:48
he's in the middle
26:49
of the speech
26:50
but rather than
26:51
him getting to
26:52
finish the speech
26:53
he said
26:54
I'm not worthy
26:55
to be called
26:55
your son
26:56
what does the
26:56
father do?
26:58
He does all
26:59
of these things
26:59
to show
27:01
the son
27:01
that he
27:02
is restored
27:03
to him
27:03
as a son
27:05
he says
27:06
to his servants
27:07
bring quickly
27:08
here's the running
27:09
that's going on
27:10
right
27:10
I'm presuming
27:12
they're still
27:12
outside the town
27:13
they've yet to
27:13
walk through
27:14
the crowd
27:15
back to the house
27:17
and he sends
27:18
the servants
27:18
running
27:19
you gotta imagine
27:20
they ran after him
27:21
why is our master
27:22
running
27:22
let's run after him
27:23
to see what's going on
27:24
they send him
27:26
he sends some
27:26
of them back
27:27
to bring what?
27:28
the best robe
27:29
a ring
27:30
and shoes
27:32
these are significant
27:34
things
27:34
that this loving
27:36
father
27:36
brought to put on
27:38
his youngest
27:39
son
27:39
first the
27:40
best robe
27:42
is brought
27:43
and it's
27:43
put on him
27:44
the best robe
27:45
was an extremely
27:47
significant
27:47
article of clothing
27:48
every wealthy man
27:50
would own
27:51
an ornate robe
27:52
made of the finest
27:54
fabrics
27:54
that was reserved
27:56
for the very
27:57
most special
27:58
of events
28:00
this was a robe
28:02
that the owner
28:03
wouldn't wear
28:04
to a wedding
28:05
he was invited to
28:06
this is how special
28:07
it was
28:07
but would rather
28:08
only wear it
28:09
to the weddings
28:10
of their own
28:11
children
28:12
we don't have
28:13
anything like this
28:14
in our culture
28:14
I don't even think
28:16
most people own
28:16
like a nice tux
28:18
anymore
28:18
right
28:19
this would have been
28:21
better than that
28:22
this was in
28:23
high reserve
28:24
for very
28:25
very special
28:26
events
28:27
this robe
28:28
and it was
28:29
his robe
28:31
giving this robe
28:33
to the son
28:33
is not even
28:34
a normal honor
28:35
that a son
28:36
would receive
28:37
right
28:37
this isn't
28:39
extra special
28:39
it's a very
28:40
high honor
28:42
and what he
28:43
is doing
28:43
is he is saying
28:44
this
28:46
boy
28:48
that rebelled
28:49
against me
28:49
is restored
28:50
to the honor
28:51
of my
28:52
house
28:52
right
28:53
this is my
28:54
best
28:54
robe
28:55
and I am
28:56
putting it
28:56
on him
28:58
he belongs
28:59
to me
29:00
so as he gets
29:01
taken back
29:02
through that town
29:03
everyone can see
29:04
the son
29:05
has been
29:06
restored
29:08
psalm 5
29:10
4
29:11
also from
29:12
our reading
29:13
this week
29:14
says
29:16
for you are not
29:16
a god who
29:17
delights in
29:18
wickedness
29:18
evil
29:19
may not
29:21
dwell
29:21
with you
29:22
so
29:23
god our
29:24
father
29:24
cannot
29:25
exist with
29:26
us
29:26
in wickedness
29:27
god can
29:28
associate
29:28
with us
29:29
in our
29:30
unrighteousness
29:32
right
29:32
in our
29:33
evil deeds
29:33
in our
29:35
rebellion
29:35
so how is it
29:36
that we come
29:37
into right
29:38
relationship
29:38
with him
29:39
it's that
29:42
our sin
29:43
is imputed
29:45
to christ
29:45
as christ
29:46
died on the
29:46
cross
29:47
he took
29:48
our sin
29:49
and we're
29:51
given
29:51
his righteousness
29:52
his perfect
29:53
life is
29:54
imputed
29:54
to us
29:55
it's called
29:56
the double
29:56
imputation
29:57
right
29:58
it's this
29:58
great trade
29:59
martin luther
30:00
called it
30:00
the great
30:01
exchange
30:01
right
30:02
our sin
30:03
given to
30:03
christ
30:04
his righteousness
30:05
given
30:05
to us
30:07
and we
30:07
often speak
30:08
in terms
30:08
of being
30:09
clothed
30:10
in the
30:10
righteousness
30:11
of christ
30:12
you see
30:14
the picture
30:14
here
30:15
god comes
30:16
to us
30:17
in repentance
30:19
of faith
30:19
he comes
30:19
to us
30:19
and he
30:20
wraps us
30:21
in christ
30:22
righteousness
30:22
he says
30:23
this is
30:24
my
30:24
son
30:25
and when
30:27
he sees
30:28
us
30:28
he sees
30:29
christ
30:30
and escorts
30:32
us back
30:32
to the
30:34
house
30:34
paul writes
30:35
in 2
30:35
corinthians
30:35
5
30:36
21
30:36
for our
30:37
sake
30:37
he made
30:38
him to
30:38
be
30:38
sin
30:39
who knew
30:39
no
30:39
sin
30:40
so that
30:41
in him
30:42
we might
30:42
become
30:42
the righteousness
30:43
of god
30:44
i think this
30:45
is the best
30:46
verse that
30:47
speaks of
30:47
double
30:47
imputation
30:49
christ
30:50
and
30:50
and
30:51
charles
30:51
hodge
30:52
who
30:52
was a
30:53
19th
30:53
century
30:53
theologian
30:54
he was
30:55
the president
30:56
of
30:56
princeton
30:56
theological
30:57
seminary
30:57
back when
30:58
that meant
30:58
something
30:59
said this
31:01
of
31:01
2 corinthians
31:01
5
31:02
21
31:02
there
31:04
is probably
31:05
no
31:05
passage
31:06
in the
31:06
scriptures
31:06
in which
31:07
the
31:07
doctrine
31:08
of
31:08
justification
31:09
is more
31:09
concisely
31:10
or clearly
31:11
stated
31:11
than this
31:12
our
31:14
sins
31:14
were
31:14
here's
31:15
that word
31:15
imputed
31:16
to christ
31:16
and his
31:17
righteousness
31:18
is imputed
31:19
to us
31:19
he bore
31:21
our sins
31:22
we are
31:22
clothed
31:23
in his
31:24
righteousness
31:24
christ
31:26
bearing our
31:26
sins
31:27
did not
31:27
make him
31:28
morally
31:28
a sinner
31:29
nor does
31:30
christ's
31:31
righteousness
31:31
become
31:32
subjectively
31:33
ours
31:34
it is not
31:35
the moral
31:35
quality
31:36
of our
31:36
souls
31:37
our
31:39
sins
31:39
were the
31:40
judicial
31:40
ground
31:41
of the
31:41
sufferings
31:42
of christ
31:43
so that
31:43
they were
31:44
a satisfaction
31:44
of justice
31:45
and his
31:46
righteousness
31:47
is the
31:48
judicial
31:48
ground
31:49
of our
31:49
acceptance
31:50
with god
31:52
right
31:52
so the
31:53
prodigal
31:54
was still
31:54
the prodigal
31:55
he was
31:55
still the
31:56
son
31:56
and he
31:56
had still
31:57
done the
31:57
things he
31:57
had done
31:58
but he's
31:59
now clothed
32:00
in the
32:01
father's
32:02
robe
32:03
right
32:03
he is now
32:04
no longer
32:05
to be
32:06
scorned
32:07
right
32:07
abused
32:08
spit upon
32:09
by the
32:09
town folks
32:10
right
32:11
because he
32:11
has been
32:12
restored
32:12
as a son
32:14
but not only
32:15
that
32:15
not only
32:15
is the
32:16
best
32:16
robe
32:16
brought
32:17
to him
32:17
and put
32:17
on him
32:18
but also
32:18
a ring
32:20
now this
32:21
ring
32:21
would have
32:22
been a
32:23
signet
32:24
ring
32:24
which would
32:24
have carried
32:25
the family
32:25
crest
32:26
or seal
32:26
so that it
32:28
could be
32:28
pressed
32:28
into wax
32:29
on formal
32:30
letters
32:30
or documents
32:31
as verification
32:32
of legal
32:33
authority
32:34
probably seen
32:35
a movie
32:35
in which this
32:36
happened
32:36
right
32:37
they often
32:37
wore that
32:38
as a
32:39
ring
32:40
right
32:40
so that
32:40
they can
32:41
make that
32:41
stamp
32:42
on letters
32:43
or documents
32:44
right
32:44
so in
32:46
placing a
32:46
ring on
32:47
the finger
32:47
of his
32:47
son
32:48
the father
32:49
is not
32:49
only showing
32:50
that the
32:51
son had
32:51
restored
32:52
honor
32:53
but also
32:54
restored
32:55
authority
32:56
he's saying
32:58
once again
32:59
this young
33:00
man
33:01
is my
33:02
son
33:02
and he
33:03
speaks
33:03
on my
33:04
behalf
33:05
second
33:07
corinthians
33:08
5
33:09
20
33:10
just a
33:10
verse
33:10
before
33:11
where we
33:11
just
33:11
were
33:12
paul
33:13
says
33:13
therefore
33:13
we are
33:15
ambassadors
33:16
for christ
33:17
god
33:18
making his
33:18
appeal
33:19
through us
33:20
we implore
33:21
you on
33:22
behalf of
33:22
christ
33:23
be
33:23
reconciled
33:25
to god
33:26
so just
33:27
as we've
33:27
been clothed
33:27
in christ's
33:28
righteousness
33:29
right god
33:30
says this
33:30
is my
33:31
son
33:33
ladies you
33:33
want to
33:33
be a
33:34
son
33:34
you want
33:34
the
33:34
inheritance
33:35
that is
33:35
due you
33:36
this is
33:36
the
33:36
language
33:36
of
33:37
the
33:37
time
33:37
i am
33:39
god's
33:39
son
33:40
and i
33:41
speak
33:42
on his
33:42
behalf
33:43
we are
33:43
ambassadors
33:44
for christ
33:44
inconsistency
33:46
with his
33:46
revealed
33:46
word
33:47
as a
33:48
side
33:48
note
33:49
but not
33:52
only
33:52
the best
33:53
robe
33:53
and a
33:54
ring
33:55
but also
33:57
shoes
33:57
hired
33:59
servants
34:00
and
34:00
household
34:01
slaves
34:02
customarily
34:03
went
34:04
barefoot
34:05
masters
34:06
and their
34:07
sons
34:07
wore
34:08
shoes
34:09
right
34:09
so it's
34:09
another
34:10
status
34:11
thing
34:12
so to
34:13
have
34:13
shoes
34:13
placed
34:14
on the
34:14
son's
34:14
feet
34:15
was yet
34:15
another
34:16
gesture
34:17
another
34:18
showing
34:19
that this
34:19
young man
34:20
has been
34:22
restored
34:23
i recall
34:25
last week
34:26
that we
34:26
defined
34:27
the word
34:27
prodigal
34:28
as
34:29
licentious
34:30
or lavish
34:32
or as
34:33
the
34:33
esv
34:34
translation
34:34
of the
34:35
text
34:35
which
34:35
i use
34:36
on sunday
34:37
mornings
34:37
puts it
34:37
in verse
34:38
13
34:38
reckless
34:39
right
34:40
reckless
34:41
living
34:41
licentious
34:43
sinning
34:44
that's what
34:44
we mean
34:45
when we
34:45
talk of
34:45
the
34:46
young
34:46
son
34:46
the
34:47
prodigal
34:48
son
34:48
right
34:49
the
34:49
story's
34:50
most
34:50
often
34:51
deemed
34:51
that
34:52
this
34:52
prodigal
34:53
son
34:53
story
34:54
because
34:54
of this
34:54
excessive
34:55
rebellion
34:56
against
34:57
the
34:58
father
34:58
but
34:58
let's
34:59
not
34:59
miss
34:59
the
35:00
prodigal
35:00
nature
35:01
of the
35:01
father's
35:02
love
35:02
for his
35:03
son
35:03
his
35:03
love
35:04
is
35:04
absolutely
35:05
reckless
35:07
the
35:09
first part
35:10
of first
35:10
john
35:11
chapter
35:11
three
35:12
verse
35:12
one
35:12
john
35:14
writes
35:14
this
35:15
see
35:15
what
35:15
kind
35:16
of
35:16
love
35:16
the
35:17
father
35:18
has
35:18
given
35:18
to
35:18
us
35:19
and
35:19
some
35:19
translations
35:20
will
35:20
say
35:20
that
35:21
the
35:21
father
35:21
has
35:21
lavished
35:22
on
35:23
us
35:23
that
35:24
we
35:24
should
35:24
be
35:25
called
35:25
children
35:26
of
35:26
God
35:27
and
35:28
so
35:28
we
35:29
are
35:29
but
35:32
Jesus
35:32
tells
35:32
us
35:32
more
35:33
about
35:34
the
35:35
father's
35:35
compassion
35:35
his
35:36
great
35:36
lavish
35:37
love
35:38
for
35:38
his
35:38
son
35:39
thirdly
35:40
the
35:41
celebration
35:42
of the
35:42
father
35:42
and his
35:43
servants
35:44
the
35:44
last
35:45
two
35:45
verses
35:45
verse
35:45
23
35:46
and
35:47
24
35:47
he
35:49
says
35:49
and
35:50
bring
35:51
the
35:51
fattened
35:51
calf
35:52
and
35:52
kill
35:52
it
35:52
and
35:53
let
35:53
us
35:53
eat
35:54
and
35:54
celebrate
35:55
for
35:55
this
35:55
my
35:56
son
35:56
was
35:56
dead
35:56
and
35:56
is
35:57
alive
35:57
again
35:57
he
35:57
was
35:58
lost
35:58
and
35:59
is
35:59
found
36:00
and
36:00
they
36:00
began
36:01
to
36:02
celebrate
36:02
now
36:04
to
36:04
slaughter
36:04
the
36:05
fattened
36:06
calf
36:06
was a
36:07
big
36:07
deal
36:08
for
36:08
time
36:09
I'm
36:09
going to
36:09
save
36:10
you the
36:10
details
36:10
of
36:11
the
36:11
preparation
36:12
of
36:12
the
36:12
fattened
36:13
calf
36:14
but
36:15
this
36:15
calf
36:15
was
36:16
likely
36:17
being
36:17
prepared
36:18
as
36:18
would
36:18
have
36:18
been
36:18
the
36:19
custom
36:19
for
36:21
the
36:21
wedding
36:22
of
36:23
the
36:23
oldest
36:23
son
36:24
it's
36:25
likely
36:25
why
36:26
this
36:26
calf
36:27
is
36:27
in
36:27
reserve
36:28
being
36:29
prepared
36:30
but
36:31
this
36:31
event
36:32
happens
36:33
this
36:33
great
36:34
event
36:34
verse
36:35
24
36:35
my
36:36
son
36:36
was
36:37
dead
36:37
and is
36:38
alive
36:38
again
36:39
he was
36:39
lost
36:40
and he
36:41
is
36:41
found
36:42
and that
36:43
is the
36:43
thematically
36:45
what's
36:45
happening
36:46
in chapter
36:46
15
36:47
right
36:48
back in
36:49
verse
36:49
4
36:50
what
36:51
man
36:51
of
36:51
you
36:51
having
36:52
a
36:52
hundred
36:52
sheep
36:52
if
36:52
he's
36:53
lost
36:53
one
36:53
does
36:53
not
36:53
leave
36:54
the
36:54
ninety-nine
36:54
in the
36:54
open
36:55
country
36:55
and go
36:55
after
36:56
the
36:56
one
36:57
that
36:57
is
36:58
lost
36:58
until
36:59
he
36:59
finds
36:59
it
37:00
verse
37:01
8
37:02
or what
37:02
woman
37:02
having
37:02
ten
37:03
silver
37:03
coins
37:03
if
37:03
she
37:03
loses
37:04
one
37:04
coin
37:04
does
37:05
not
37:05
light
37:05
a
37:06
lamp
37:06
and
37:06
sweep
37:06
the
37:06
house
37:07
and
37:07
seek
37:07
diligently
37:08
until
37:08
she
37:09
finds
37:10
it
37:10
right
37:11
so
37:11
lost
37:11
things
37:12
now
37:12
found
37:14
!
37:20
they
37:20
began
37:21
to
37:22
celebrate
37:23
the
37:23
father
37:23
and
37:24
his
37:24
son
37:24
and
37:25
those
37:25
in
37:25
his
37:25
household
37:26
begin
37:28
to
37:28
celebrate
37:29
again
37:29
in the
37:29
previous
37:30
parables
37:31
verse
37:33
5
37:34
when he
37:34
has
37:34
found
37:35
it
37:35
the
37:37
sheep
37:37
he
37:37
lays
37:37
it
37:38
on
37:38
his
37:38
shoulders
37:38
rejoicing
37:39
he
37:39
comes
37:40
home
37:40
he
37:40
calls
37:40
together
37:41
his
37:41
friends
37:41
and
37:41
his
37:41
neighbors
37:41
saying
37:42
to
37:42
them
37:42
rejoice
37:42
with
37:43
me
37:43
for
37:44
I
37:44
found
37:44
my
37:44
sheep
37:45
that
37:45
was
37:45
lost
37:46
just
37:47
so
37:47
I
37:47
tell
37:48
you
37:48
there
37:48
be
37:48
more
37:48
joy
37:48
in
37:49
heaven
37:49
over
37:49
one
37:49
sinner
37:49
who
37:49
repents
37:50
and
37:50
over
37:50
ninety-nine
37:51
righteous
37:51
persons
37:52
who
37:52
need
37:52
no
37:53
repentance
37:53
and
37:55
then
37:55
verse
37:55
nine
37:56
the
37:56
woman
37:56
who
37:56
finds
37:56
the
37:57
coin
37:57
when
37:57
she
37:57
finds
37:58
it
37:58
she
37:58
calls
37:58
together
37:58
her
37:59
friends
37:59
and
37:59
neighbors
37:59
saying
37:59
rejoice
38:00
with
38:00
me
38:00
for
38:01
I
38:01
found
38:02
the
38:02
coin
38:02
that
38:02
I
38:02
had
38:03
lost
38:03
just
38:03
so
38:03
I
38:03
tell
38:03
you
38:04
there
38:04
is
38:05
joy
38:05
before
38:05
the
38:05
angels
38:05
of
38:06
God
38:06
over
38:06
one
38:06
sinner
38:07
who
38:08
repents
38:09
and
38:11
we'll
38:11
transition
38:11
next
38:12
week
38:12
into
38:12
the
38:12
response
38:13
of
38:13
the
38:13
older
38:13
son
38:14
who
38:14
if
38:15
he
38:15
loved
38:16
the
38:16
father
38:16
the
38:17
way
38:17
he
38:17
should
38:18
have
38:18
if
38:19
he
38:19
was
38:19
obedient
38:19
if
38:19
he
38:20
stuck
38:20
around
38:20
with
38:21
the
38:21
father
38:21
for
38:21
the
38:22
reason
38:22
that
38:22
he
38:23
should
38:23
have
38:23
it
38:23
would
38:24
have
38:24
been
38:24
for
38:25
the
38:26
father
38:26
himself
38:27
so
38:28
he
38:28
would
38:28
have
38:28
been
38:29
drawn
38:29
into
38:29
the
38:29
rejoicing
38:30
of
38:30
the
38:31
father
38:31
the
38:32
father
38:33
says
38:33
look
38:34
I
38:34
have
38:34
found
38:35
something
38:35
was
38:36
my
38:36
son
38:37
he's
38:38
been
38:38
restored
38:39
to
38:39
me
38:39
and
38:41
the
38:41
older
38:41
brother
38:41
would
38:42
have
38:42
gladly
38:43
joined
38:43
in
38:44
about
38:44
rejoicing
38:45
the
38:47
rejoicing
38:47
in
38:48
heaven
38:48
is
38:49
and
38:49
will
38:50
be
38:50
great
38:51
over
38:52
the
38:52
salvation
38:52
of
38:52
souls
38:53
because
38:54
it
38:55
displays
38:55
the
38:56
goodness
38:57
of
38:57
God
38:58
our
38:59
father
38:59
it
39:00
is
39:01
this
39:01
goodness
39:01
that
39:01
Jesus
39:02
speaks
39:02
as
39:02
he
39:03
tells
39:03
his
39:03
parable
39:04
that
39:04
his
39:04
hearers
39:04
will
39:04
see
39:05
this
39:05
compassion
39:06
of
39:06
the
39:06
father
39:07
the
39:07
son
39:08
interrupted
39:08
and
39:09
restored
39:09
and
39:10
the
39:10
celebration
39:10
of
39:11
the
39:11
father
39:11
and
39:12
his
39:13
servants
39:13
and
39:15
we
39:16
would
39:16
see
39:16
this
39:17
and
39:17
be
39:17
given
39:17
much
39:18
reason
39:18
to
39:19
join
39:19
in
39:19
the
39:19
rejoicing
39:20
of
39:20
heaven
39:21
in
39:22
lost
39:22
souls
39:23
coming
39:24
to
39:24
faith
39:24
in
39:26
Jesus
39:26
Christ
39:26
right
39:27
because
39:27
we
39:28
love
39:29
our
39:29
father
39:30
we
39:31
rejoice
39:31
in
39:31
what
39:31
he
39:32
rejoices
39:33
in
39:34
I
39:35
want
39:35
you
39:35
to
39:35
turn
39:35
with
39:36
me
39:36
away
39:36
from
39:36
Luke
39:37
chapter
39:37
15
39:37
in
39:37
your
39:37
copy
39:38
of
39:38
God's
39:38
word
39:38
to
39:39
revelation
39:39
chapter
39:40
five
39:41
is the
40:01
apostle
40:01
john's
40:02
heavenly
40:02
vision
40:03
I don't
40:03
want you to get too
40:03
caught up in
40:04
the
40:05
potential symbolism
40:06
of the
40:07
chapter
40:07
that's not
40:07
the
40:08
driving
40:08
point
40:08
that
40:08
we're
40:09
looking
40:09
at
40:09
here
40:10
but
40:11
I
40:11
just
40:11
want
40:11
you
40:11
to
40:11
consider
40:12
the
40:12
rejoicing
40:13
in
40:14
heaven
40:14
over
40:15
the
40:15
accomplished
40:16
work
40:17
of
40:17
Jesus
40:17
Christ
40:18
beloved
40:20
you want
40:20
to have
40:20
joy
40:21
here
40:21
be
40:23
saved
40:23
by
40:23
God
40:24
because
40:24
of
40:24
this
40:24
lamb
40:24
that
40:25
we're
40:25
going
40:25
to
40:25
read
40:25
about
40:26
sacrificed
40:26
on
40:27
our
40:27
behalf
40:28
and
40:29
then
40:29
join
40:29
in
40:30
his
40:30
work
40:30
in
40:30
the
40:30
world
40:31
right
40:31
what
40:31
he
40:31
is
40:31
doing
40:32
to
40:32
continue
40:32
to
40:34
save
40:34
this
40:35
is
40:35
the
40:35
work
40:36
of
40:36
Christians
40:37
joining
40:38
in
40:38
the
40:38
joy
40:38
of
40:38
God
40:39
as
40:39
he
40:39
calls
40:39
together
40:40
his
40:41
church
40:41
for
40:41
the
40:42
praise
40:42
of
40:43
his
40:43
name
40:43
pick
40:45
that
40:45
up
40:45
in
40:45
revelation
40:45
five
40:46
yes
40:47
the
40:47
whole
40:47
chapter
40:48
it's
40:48
too
40:48
good
40:48
not
40:48
to
40:49
read
40:49
the
40:49
whole
40:49
thing
40:49
and
40:50
then
40:51
we'll
40:51
close
40:51
so
40:52
in
40:52
verse
40:53
one
40:53
and
40:53
following
40:53
then
40:55
I
40:55
saw
40:55
on
40:55
the
40:55
right
40:56
hand
40:56
of
40:56
him
40:56
who
40:56
was
40:57
seated
40:57
on
40:57
the
40:57
throne
40:57
a
40:58
skull
40:59
written
40:59
within
41:00
and
41:00
on
41:01
the
41:01
back
41:01
sealed
41:02
with
41:02
seven
41:02
seals
41:03
and
41:04
I
41:04
saw
41:04
a
41:04
mighty
41:05
angel
41:05
proclaiming
41:06
with a
41:06
loud
41:07
voice
41:07
who
41:08
is
41:08
worthy
41:08
to
41:08
open
41:09
the
41:09
scroll
41:09
and
41:10
break
41:10
its
41:10
seals
41:10
and
41:12
no
41:12
one
41:12
in
41:12
heaven
41:12
on
41:12
earth
41:13
or
41:13
under
41:13
the
41:13
earth
41:13
was
41:13
able
41:14
to
41:14
open
41:14
the
41:14
scroll
41:14
or
41:15
to
41:15
look
41:15
into
41:15
it
41:16
and
41:16
I
41:17
began
41:17
to
41:17
weep
41:17
loudly
41:18
because
41:18
no
41:18
one
41:19
was
41:19
found
41:19
worthy
41:19
to
41:20
open
41:20
the
41:20
scroll
41:20
or
41:20
to
41:21
look
41:21
into
41:21
it
41:21
and
41:22
one
41:30
conquered
41:31
so
41:32
that
41:32
he
41:32
can
41:32
open
41:32
the
41:32
scroll
41:33
and
41:34
its
41:34
seven
41:34
seals
41:35
and
41:36
between
41:36
the
41:36
throne
41:37
and
41:37
the
41:37
four
41:37
living
41:37
creatures
41:38
and
41:38
among
41:38
the
41:39
elders
41:39
I
41:40
saw
41:40
a
41:40
lamb
41:41
standing
41:41
as
41:42
though
41:42
it
41:42
had
41:42
been
41:42
slain
41:43
with
41:44
seven
41:44
horns
41:44
and
41:44
with
41:45
seven
41:45
eyes
41:45
which
41:45
are
41:45
the
41:46
seven
41:46
spirits
41:46
of
41:46
God
41:47
sent
41:47
out
41:47
into
41:47
all
41:48
the
41:48
earth
41:48
and
41:49
he
41:49
went
41:50
and
41:50
he
41:50
took
41:50
the
41:50
scroll
41:51
from
41:51
the
41:51
right
41:51
hand
41:51
of
41:51
him
41:52
who
41:52
was
41:52
seated
41:53
on
41:53
the
41:53
throne
41:53
and
41:54
when
41:54
he
41:54
had
41:54
taken
41:54
the
41:55
scroll
41:55
the
41:55
four
41:55
living
41:56
creatures
41:56
and
41:56
the
41:56
twenty-four
41:56
elders
41:57
fell
41:57
down
41:57
before
41:58
the
41:58
lamb
41:58
each
41:59
holding
41:59
a
41:59
harp
42:00
and
42:00
golden
42:00
bowls
42:01
full
42:01
of
42:01
incense
42:01
which
42:02
are
42:02
the
42:02
prayers
42:03
of
42:03
the
42:03
saints
42:04
and
42:05
they
42:05
sang
42:05
a
42:05
new
42:06
song
42:06
saying
42:07
worthy
42:08
are
42:08
you
42:08
to
42:08
take
42:08
the
42:09
scroll
42:09
and
42:09
open
42:10
its
42:10
seals
42:10
for
42:10
you
42:11
were
42:11
slain
42:11
and
42:11
by
42:12
your
42:12
blood
42:12
you
42:13
ransomed
42:13
people
42:14
for
42:14
God
42:14
from
42:15
every
42:15
tribe
42:15
and
42:15
language
42:16
and
42:16
people
42:17
and
42:17
nation
42:18
and
42:18
you
42:18
had
42:19
made
42:19
them
42:19
a
42:19
kingdom
42:20
and
42:20
priests
42:20
to
42:20
our
42:21
God
42:21
and
42:21
they
42:21
shall
42:21
reign
42:22
on
42:22
the
42:23
earth
42:23
then
42:24
I
42:24
looked
42:25
and
42:25
I
42:25
heard
42:26
around
42:26
the
42:26
throne
42:27
and
42:27
the
42:27
living
42:27
creatures
42:27
and
42:27
the
42:28
elders
42:28
the
42:28
voice
42:28
of
42:29
many
42:29
angels
42:29
numbering
42:30
myriads
42:31
of
42:31
myriads
42:32
and
42:32
thousands
42:32
of
42:33
thousands
42:33
saying
42:34
with a
42:34
loud
42:34
voice
42:35
worthy
42:36
is
42:36
the
42:36
lamb
42:36
who
42:37
was
42:37
slain
42:37
to
42:37
receive
42:37
power
42:38
and
42:38
wealth
42:39
and
42:39
wisdom
42:39
and
42:39
might
42:40
and
42:40
honor
42:41
and
42:41
glory
42:41
and
42:42
blessing
42:42
and
42:43
I
42:43
heard
42:44
every
42:44
creature
42:44
in
42:45
heaven
42:45
and
42:45
on
42:46
earth
42:46
and
42:46
under
42:46
the
42:46
earth
42:47
and
42:47
in
42:47
the
42:47
sea
42:48
and
42:48
all
42:48
that
42:49
is
42:49
in
42:49
them
42:49
saying
42:50
to
42:50
him
42:51
who
42:51
sits
42:51
on
42:51
the
42:51
throne
42:52
the
42:52
lamb
42:52
be
42:53
blessing
42:53
and
42:53
honor
42:54
and
42:54
glory
42:54
and
42:54
might
42:55
forever
42:56
and
42:56
ever
42:57
and
42:58
the
42:58
four
42:58
living
42:58
creatures
42:59
said
42:59
amen
43:00
and
43:01
the
43:01
elders
43:02
fell
43:02
down
43:03
and
43:03
worshiped
43:04
let's
43:05
pray
43:05
!