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The Lado Enclave: Leopold's Secret African Empire
After the international outcry over atrocities in the Congo Free State, King Leopold II quietly carved out a secret second colony—the Lado Enclave—a wedge of territory along the upper Nile in what is now South Sudan. This episode unpacks the Enclave's bizarre origins in the 1894 Anglo-Congolese Treaty, its brutal administration under Belgian officers and native auxiliaries, and the forced labor that built the Nile-Lake Albert railway. We meet the Azande people who resisted Belgian rule, the Mahdist raids that threatened the outpost, and the 1910 handover to Anglo-Egyptian Sudan after…
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