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After a Medical Emergency, Crew-11 Is Home · Made of Stars

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Speaker 1: Warning. The following podcast contains an entertaining look at astronomy, physics,
0:04
Speaker 1: and space news throughout the known universe. Listeners have been
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Speaker 1: known to learn about astronomical phenomenon, the scientific method, and
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Speaker 1: expanded vocabulary to include terms like quasar asterism and uranus. Listen,
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Speaker 1: that's your own risk.
0:16
Speaker 2: Go ahead. When made of stars, made them stars, madies.
0:29
Speaker 3: When made of stars, you could be from high they
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Speaker 3: would New Mexicomus, where all.
0:41
Speaker 2: Stars? When we are made of stars.
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Speaker 4: I'm West Carol, joined by my good friend doctor Sean
0:59
Speaker 4: Cruiz and from Columbus State University's Coca Cola Space Science Center.
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Speaker 3: Hey Sean, Hey, well, it's good to be here today.
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Speaker 4: We normally record quite a bit earlier in the day
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Speaker 4: on Thursdays. This is, I guess, the latest we have
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Speaker 4: ever recorded a show. We've just had a day. We've
1:14
Speaker 4: both had a day and lots of things going on,
1:18
Speaker 4: lots of pieces there. We try to consistently get something
1:21
Speaker 4: out by around lunchtime, but this is just one of
1:24
Speaker 4: those days. It happened the way it happened, and we're
1:28
Speaker 4: still having some technical issues, but we're working through this.
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Speaker 2: That's all right.
1:31
Speaker 4: It's the way things go sometimes, yeah.
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Speaker 3: I mean it is, and you know, you know, sometimes
1:39
Speaker 3: when you have the best laid plans, technical glishes just
1:42
Speaker 3: jumping the way.
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Speaker 4: Well, and it's appropriate that those kinds of things have
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Speaker 4: happened on a day when something that's never happened before
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Speaker 4: at the International Space Station has happened, and over the
1:57
Speaker 4: course of the day today when we maybe would have
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Speaker 4: been recording, I don't know as far as the timing
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Speaker 4: of actually when they came back down. But the crew eleven,
2:06
Speaker 4: we talked about this last week because it was a
2:07
Speaker 4: breaking news story a week ago that there was a
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Speaker 4: health problem one of the astronauts. They didn't give us
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Speaker 4: a lot of information. All they really told us was
2:17
Speaker 4: that there was a spacewalk planned and because of a
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Speaker 4: health problem for one of the astronauts, they were possibly
2:24
Speaker 4: they were canceling that, but then possibly going to have
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Speaker 4: to come the whole crew was going to come back
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Speaker 4: home early. That is ultimately what they did, and they
2:33
Speaker 4: splashed down earlier today, and they have one solo American
2:39
Speaker 4: astronaut left up there.
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Speaker 2: Who was part of a part of a Russian crew.
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Speaker 3: Right, yeah, Russian crew. I mean again, it's not the
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Speaker 3: way they had intended for things to go, but it's
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Speaker 3: just the way things go sometimes. And so the crew
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Speaker 3: from Crew eleven, and this is CREWE eleven than Dragon
3:00
Speaker 3: crew eleven, right, So the crew eleven astronauts included Zena
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Speaker 3: Carbon Mike Finkey, Japan's Camilla Yui, and Russian cosmonaut Oleg Plodinov.
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Speaker 3: They are Crew eleven. One of them has an illness.
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Speaker 3: We don't know who it is. NASA's not going to
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Speaker 3: be telling us either, but one of them has an
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Speaker 3: illness or some kind of a medical condition that was
3:23
Speaker 3: stabilized aboard the International Space Station. But all the doctors
3:26
Speaker 3: down in Misigon Control, all the flight surgeons, decided they
3:30
Speaker 3: really needed to go ahead and come home and deal
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Speaker 3: with this medical issue quicker rather than later, because they
3:36
Speaker 3: can't really deal with it aboard the space station properly.
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Speaker 3: And so a decision was made to end that mission
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Speaker 3: early and bring Crew eleven back down. And as you say,
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Speaker 3: they splash down about three forty five am this morning
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Speaker 3: off the coast of California, and so they are all
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Speaker 3: in good hands. But that did leave a bit of
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Speaker 3: a skeleton crew up there aboard the International Space Station.
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Speaker 3: So Sergei cud sphyer Kov, another Mikhayev, and astronaut Chris
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Speaker 3: Williams all are board the International Space Station now, just
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Speaker 3: three of them, and they'll be waiting for Crew twelve,
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Speaker 3: the next Dragon based crew to be launched up to
4:17
Speaker 3: remember the three that are up there now, they're a
4:19
Speaker 3: soy Used crew, right They took off from from Kazakhstan
4:23
Speaker 3: back when that was possible, before the giant explosion that
4:28
Speaker 3: took out the Soyus launchpad on the Thanksgiving launch that
4:32
Speaker 3: took place. They're the ones that launched from that from
4:35
Speaker 3: that place at that time, and that and that particular
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Speaker 3: launch damage the launch pads so bad that they can't
4:40
Speaker 3: even launch soy Use capsules right now, and they're still
4:43
Speaker 3: assessing how long that's going to be before they can again.
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Speaker 3: So the only vehicles that can go back and forth
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Speaker 3: to the International Space Station from ground now are Dragon capsules.
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Speaker 3: Dragon Crew twelve is scheduled to launch, but it's a
4:57
Speaker 3: no earlier than February fifteenth, so they wanted to have
5:01
Speaker 3: Valentine's Day first, apparently, and then go no, it's not
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Speaker 3: really that. It has to do with launch windows and
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Speaker 3: launch ped schedules and so February fifteenth is the earliest
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Speaker 3: that that crew can go up there and give some
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Speaker 3: relief to the Soyu's crew still left the board the
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Speaker 3: International Space Station.
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Speaker 4: So just a few things, because there's three of them there,
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Speaker 4: there's basically like a common area and then there's like
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Speaker 4: an American side, there's a Russian side. So basically Chris
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Speaker 4: Williams has a lot of room.
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Speaker 3: Oh yeah, man, he's got the whole place to himself.
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Speaker 3: On the American side, all the sleeping quarters, the American toilet,
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Speaker 3: restroom area, shower, he can use, all his man.
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Speaker 4: He can use he can use that toilet anywhere he
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Speaker 4: wants to. On the American.
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Speaker 3: Side, an entire toilet is.
5:51
Speaker 4: So there now a couple of things because the actual
5:55
Speaker 4: day to day running of the place, obviously those kinds
5:57
Speaker 4: of assignments get delegated and there's different people doing different jobs.
6:00
Speaker 4: There's things that will have.
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Speaker 2: To be done.
6:03
Speaker 4: You know, even with the three of them, they'll have
6:05
Speaker 4: more work. There will be fewer bodies there, so that
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Speaker 4: will cut back on some of the work, I suppose
6:12
Speaker 4: without having quite as many people there, but it will
6:14
Speaker 4: be a very unique experience for the three of them
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Speaker 4: on it.
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Speaker 3: One of the interesting things we've talked about on the
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Speaker 3: show is that several of my former students work over
6:23
Speaker 3: at Marshall Space Flight Center working with the astronauts aboard
6:26
Speaker 3: the space station with their experiments, and that's the one
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Speaker 3: thing I think that they would probably likely cut back.
6:32
Speaker 3: Right So Crew eleven was scheduled to be up there
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Speaker 3: for quite some time, still more than a month, and
6:39
Speaker 3: so they were scheduled to do a bunch of experiments
6:43
Speaker 3: right in the next month. So now that they're down
6:47
Speaker 3: to the skeleton crew, one of the things that I
6:48
Speaker 3: would guess they may still try to be doing some
6:51
Speaker 3: of that science. But one of the things I would
6:53
Speaker 3: guess is an easy thing to cut back on in
6:55
Speaker 3: terms of an emergency schedule is some of the experiments
6:59
Speaker 3: just keep the day to day operation of the space
7:00
Speaker 3: station going. Maybe some of the experiments can still be done,
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Speaker 3: but certainly not the magnitude of the number of experiments
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Speaker 3: that they had previously planned. So they'll be cutting that
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Speaker 3: back and just and seeing how that goes.
7:13
Speaker 4: It probably can sneak an extra meal if they wanted to,
7:16
Speaker 4: you know, because they've got an abundance of those dinners
7:21
Speaker 4: up there. I mean, I would think if you know,
7:22
Speaker 4: you just were like, eh, maybe I'd like seconds on this,
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Speaker 4: that they could pull that off. Maybe a little extra
7:27
Speaker 4: tang for breakfast or whatever.
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Speaker 3: Let's just say they had a really special meal plan
7:32
Speaker 3: for iss and there was only just enough for one each. Well, now, wow,
7:38
Speaker 3: there's a few extra sitting around up there, so as
7:40
Speaker 3: you say, well, I say seconds, maybe even thirds. Especially
7:43
Speaker 3: Chris Williams over there on the American side, he can
7:46
Speaker 3: just knock himself.
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Speaker 2: Out, that's right.
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Speaker 4: So it's kind of there's pluses and minuses to it.
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Speaker 4: I feel for the other three astronauts though, that have
7:53
Speaker 4: had to come home early. I'm sure that they were
7:56
Speaker 4: glad to do it for the sake of the health
7:58
Speaker 4: of their crew, remember, but it is probably disappointing for
8:03
Speaker 4: them to some degree. But I don't know, maybe they're
8:05
Speaker 4: ready to get home to their Fanily, they wanted to
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Speaker 4: be home for Valentine's Day, so that worked out for them.
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Speaker 3: They're going to be able to do that. And I'm
8:13
Speaker 3: not sure if they celebrate Valentine's Day the way we
8:16
Speaker 3: do in Russia and Japan, but you know, the Japanese
8:20
Speaker 3: Space Agency astronaut and the Russian cosmonaut will also be
8:24
Speaker 3: home in time for Valentine's Day. So there's that, there's
8:27
Speaker 3: the upside.
8:28
Speaker 4: And just from the history standpoint, first time that this
8:31
Speaker 4: has happened, I think that's we talked about this some
8:33
Speaker 4: last week. It's pretty remarkable. In twenty five years, this
8:38
Speaker 4: is the first time that they've had to do this.
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Speaker 4: And I guess just from a science standpoint or from
8:45
Speaker 4: a you know, order of operations or whatever, like, they
8:51
Speaker 4: have a plan for this, they had to execute it,
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Speaker 4: and it's been successful. They were able to do what
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Speaker 4: they knew they would need to do to get someone
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Speaker 4: home safely in those circumstances. So I mean, in that regard,
9:04
Speaker 4: you say, hey, this is a big win. I mean,
9:06
Speaker 4: it's obviously disappointing for these astronauts or for the mission
9:11
Speaker 4: and all of those things, but you come out of
9:13
Speaker 4: this saying, hey, we had.
9:15
Speaker 2: A plan and the plan worked.
9:18
Speaker 3: Yeah. I mean, in all seriousness, it's absolutely amazing that
9:23
Speaker 3: that space station has been continuously inhabited for now going on,
9:28
Speaker 3: it's twenty sixth year and we've never had to do
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Speaker 3: this before. We being America, you know, NASA, the American
9:35
Speaker 3: Space Program have never had to bring home an astronaut
9:39
Speaker 3: for medical reasons. And so obviously astronauts are picked for
9:43
Speaker 3: their health, and you know they're they're checked frequently before
9:47
Speaker 3: going on such missions. But still, you know, people were people,
9:50
Speaker 3: and things happen, and so it's just a surprising and
9:55
Speaker 3: the actually really cool that we we have had such
9:57
Speaker 3: good luck with the astronaut's health of board space station.
10:00
Speaker 3: But as you say, this is the first time. It
10:03
Speaker 3: is now a new territory, and we now know that
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Speaker 3: we have protocols in place that can bring these astronauts
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Speaker 3: home safely and everything's going to be okay.
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Speaker 4: And now my next question just becomes, so what if
10:17
Speaker 4: there's another medical emergency up there and those three have
10:20
Speaker 4: to come home. I mean, they'd have to figure some
10:23
Speaker 4: things out, wouldn't they.
10:25
Speaker 3: They would they'd have to put the space station in
10:28
Speaker 3: a mode where it could be accessed from the outside
10:31
Speaker 3: by another crew without help from people on the inside.
10:35
Speaker 3: So that's one of the things. And then the next
10:37
Speaker 3: thing is we would lose that record of continuity where
10:41
Speaker 3: we had that spacecraft inhabited for all those years without
10:45
Speaker 3: a break. So that would be a loss. It would
10:48
Speaker 3: be a serious loss.
10:49
Speaker 4: But you know, not today, or you genuinely strand somebody
10:53
Speaker 4: up there and you just say, hey, we're going to
10:54
Speaker 4: go home and leave one person up here, or whatever
10:57
Speaker 4: they do. But anyway, hopefully it doesn't come to that
10:59
Speaker 4: twenty five years. That would really stink to have back
11:01
Speaker 4: to back crews have a problem like that. So I
11:04
Speaker 4: think the odds are in their favor of that not
11:06
Speaker 4: being the case. But again, it's a win for the
11:09
Speaker 4: purposes of planning and future things, and that's the positive
11:13
Speaker 4: to come out of it.
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Speaker 3: Yeah, that's that's right. And so again, you don't know
11:19
Speaker 3: if these protocols work in a proper way until you
11:22
Speaker 3: test them, and so now they have actually tested that.
11:25
Speaker 3: They've kind of stress tests on the emergency emergency medical evacuation.
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Speaker 3: Everything worked great. So so it is good to know
11:32
Speaker 3: that all those protocols are working and we could bring
11:36
Speaker 3: an astronat home if they had medical problems.
11:38
Speaker 2: More made of Stars.
11:40
Speaker 4: Right after this, you mentioned the launch pad that was destroyed.
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Speaker 4: Let's go to a launch pad that hasn't been destroyed
12:07
Speaker 4: and a very successful new turnaround record for SpaceX. We've
12:11
Speaker 4: talked about how quickly not only the fact that they're
12:15
Speaker 4: reusing boosters and you go, Okay, they're doing this really
12:20
Speaker 4: cool thing where you know, they're catching them or they're
12:23
Speaker 4: just you know, looks like a reversed footage sci fi
12:26
Speaker 4: movie where they land them on a little pad and
12:28
Speaker 4: then they use them again. But the very fact that
12:31
Speaker 4: they're able to launch so quickly and then now setting
12:38
Speaker 4: a new record for how quickly they were able to
12:41
Speaker 4: launch back to back, it's remarkable what they're able to
12:45
Speaker 4: pull off with these things.
12:48
Speaker 2: It is.
12:48
Speaker 3: And so SpaceX one of their visions and goals when
12:53
Speaker 3: founding the company was to make space accessible. And one
12:57
Speaker 3: of the ways you make space accessible is by being
13:00
Speaker 3: able to launch at a quick frequency. It doesn't take
13:03
Speaker 3: a long time in between space launches. Now, you know,
13:07
Speaker 3: we might have conservatively thought, oh, a couple of weeks,
13:10
Speaker 3: maybe they could turn a mission around back in the
13:12
Speaker 3: early times of SpaceX. No, friends, they're turning missions around
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Speaker 3: in less than forty eight hours. That is the new record.
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Speaker 3: Forty five hours between two launches of SpaceX vehicles from
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Speaker 3: the same launch pad at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station
13:32
Speaker 3: down across the street from the Kennedy Space Center down
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Speaker 3: in Florida, SpaceX was able to launch a vehicle and
13:40
Speaker 3: then in just forty five hours later launch a star
13:44
Speaker 3: Link mission. Forty five hour turnaround. That's get all the
13:50
Speaker 3: launch pad ready to go, get the rocket in place
13:53
Speaker 3: on the pad, fuel it up, check all the systems,
13:58
Speaker 3: launch it to space. Not even in two days. It's
14:02
Speaker 3: absolutely astounding, right, And so this is a new era
14:07
Speaker 3: of spaceflight. It is being the way is being led
14:11
Speaker 3: by SpaceX in this regard. The previous record was set
14:15
Speaker 3: by SpaceX back in December, and that was just fifty
14:18
Speaker 3: hours and forty four minutes between a couple of launches.
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Speaker 3: Was a commercial payload and then a Starlink launch back
14:28
Speaker 3: in December that they launched. So this is actually something
14:31
Speaker 3: that's just really really impressive. Kiko Danchev Keiko Danchev may
14:36
Speaker 3: not be a household name, but he is SpaceX's vice
14:38
Speaker 3: president for Launch Services, and he said had this to say, quote,
14:43
Speaker 3: the rocket was actually ready to fly in roughly forty hours,
14:47
Speaker 3: but we needed to wait for the optimal deployment t
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Speaker 3: zero in. In other words, friends getting out of the quote.
14:54
Speaker 3: They could have launched earlier, they could launch five hours earlier,
14:57
Speaker 3: they had to wait for their targets in space to
15:01
Speaker 3: move into the right position and so that they could
15:03
Speaker 3: launch effectively. So okay, back to the quote, love seeing
15:07
Speaker 3: us continue to improve our speed, efficiency, safety, and reliability.
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Speaker 3: We once thought it was crazy town to launch from
15:15
Speaker 3: the same pad in two days. Now it feels crazy
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Speaker 3: not to be launching from the same pad multiple times
15:22
Speaker 3: a day per day. Physics is the only constraint. Everything
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Speaker 3: else is just an engineering challenge waiting to be solved, unquote,
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Speaker 3: so says Kiko Danchev, SpaceX, vice president of Launch Services.
15:36
Speaker 3: So there you go.
15:37
Speaker 4: What a great quote that is too. I mean, that's
15:39
Speaker 4: basically life in a nutshell, isn't it. It's like, if
15:43
Speaker 4: we could do this faster, we just have to figure
15:45
Speaker 4: out how we can do that. And it's they're looking
15:48
Speaker 4: at the engineering side of it saying, that's just a
15:50
Speaker 4: challenge that we can figure out. Obviously, the physics is
15:53
Speaker 4: going to be the thing that's going to slow them down,
15:55
Speaker 4: and that slowed them down in this case by five hours.
15:58
Speaker 4: But pretty remarkable stuff that they're able to do that.
16:01
Speaker 4: And if you think that, I know that they wouldn't
16:04
Speaker 4: be able to do this quick of a turnaround or
16:06
Speaker 4: a launch, get a launch ready this quickly with a
16:09
Speaker 4: crude mission. However, there is a bit of a tie
16:12
Speaker 4: into the previous story because if they were in a
16:14
Speaker 4: situation where they did need to get another crew up
16:17
Speaker 4: there quickly, they're getting closer and closer to being able
16:21
Speaker 4: to pull that off again, a challenge waiting to be solved.
16:25
Speaker 3: Well, and imagine just needing a vehicle, right, Yeah, they
16:28
Speaker 3: don't necessarily have to have it because it can be
16:30
Speaker 3: piloted remotely. They don't necessarily have to have those astronants
16:33
Speaker 3: on board. But imagine if a vehicle a board International
16:37
Speaker 3: Space Station or berth or dock to the Space Station
16:39
Speaker 3: was damaged and they had to get people off there quickly.
16:44
Speaker 3: They can get a launch put together in one flaming
16:48
Speaker 3: hurry and get it up there, and that's something they've
16:50
Speaker 3: demonstrated Wes. Something else that's kind of cool about this
16:53
Speaker 3: mission is that the booster that launched that set of
16:56
Speaker 3: STARTLINGK satellites, it came back down and landed out on
16:59
Speaker 3: their own ship for SpaceX. That's called a short fall
17:03
Speaker 3: of Gravatas. That's the name of the ship. I love that,
17:06
Speaker 3: a short fall of Gravatas, that's the vessel's name. But
17:09
Speaker 3: this was the one hundred and thirty ninth landing of
17:14
Speaker 3: a SpaceX booster on that vessel. They have other vessels,
17:21
Speaker 3: it's one hundred and thirty nine times that boosters have
17:24
Speaker 3: landed just on that vessel, So it's really astounding the
17:31
Speaker 3: SpaceX has made the reusability of their main stage boosters
17:35
Speaker 3: that ordinary, that every day, right, So one hundred nine
17:41
Speaker 3: thirty nine landings on that particular vessel a short fall
17:43
Speaker 3: of gravatas, but five hundred and fifty nine booster landings
17:48
Speaker 3: so far for SpaceX to date, so that's nearly six
17:53
Speaker 3: hundred boosters that they haven't had to just throw away
17:57
Speaker 3: in the ocean and build a new booster, which the
18:00
Speaker 3: old way we used to do space. So once again,
18:05
Speaker 3: making space accessible also is about reusability, and that reusability
18:10
Speaker 3: that's being done by SpaceX is unprecedented and truly noteworthy.
18:16
Speaker 4: Also about finding ways to save money as well, and
18:18
Speaker 4: that all applies to all of this. Okay, so we
18:23
Speaker 4: have these ancient distance galaxies referred to as little red dots.
18:28
Speaker 4: I'm assuming that that name came before the Seinfeld episode
18:33
Speaker 4: with the Kashmir sweater, and that they're not named for
18:35
Speaker 4: the red dots on the sweater.
18:37
Speaker 2: That's just my guess.
18:38
Speaker 3: I would not at all think that the astronomers who
18:41
Speaker 3: gave them that nickname were not influenced by Seinfeld, Right,
18:44
Speaker 3: I mean I would as a double negative, I think
18:46
Speaker 3: they probably could have been easily influenced by Seinfeld episode
18:50
Speaker 3: to call them little red dots. But if you look
18:52
Speaker 3: at the images from say the Hubble Space Telescope or
18:55
Speaker 3: the GWST, which we're talking about in this story that
18:58
Speaker 3: James Webb, they these galaxies that are very very distant
19:02
Speaker 3: actually do look like little red dots. They're just small
19:06
Speaker 3: red dots on a red colorized image. Right, So that's
19:11
Speaker 3: kind of you know, somebody probably said, hey, it's probably
19:14
Speaker 3: like that Seinfeld episode. So anyway, so whatever it is,
19:17
Speaker 3: whatever the connection with Jerry or not, that's what they're
19:20
Speaker 3: called by the folks at JWST. Now, what are they Well,
19:23
Speaker 3: we know that they are distant galaxies, but what we
19:27
Speaker 3: don't know is why they're so darn bright and luminous
19:31
Speaker 3: that they're showing up in such numbers on the James
19:36
Speaker 3: Webb Space Telescope images. Right. One of the things we
19:39
Speaker 3: know is this, when we look back out into space
19:44
Speaker 3: in distance. We're also looking back in time, and so
19:48
Speaker 3: these objects are very very old. Here's the second thing
19:52
Speaker 3: we know. We know that galaxies a long time ago
19:55
Speaker 3: were basically doing two things. Juvenile galaxies have two processes
20:01
Speaker 3: going on for the vast majority of them. The first
20:05
Speaker 3: process is they were forming stars like crazy. That's what
20:10
Speaker 3: juvenile galaxies do. They're not full grown up galaxies yet
20:14
Speaker 3: because they haven't formed all their stars, and so they
20:17
Speaker 3: were in a process of rapid star formation because they
20:21
Speaker 3: had a bunch of unused gas. That is hydrogen gas,
20:24
Speaker 3: that is the building blocks of stars, and so that
20:28
Speaker 3: hydrogen sitting there is fuel for building baby stars. So
20:32
Speaker 3: they were doing that. Here's the second thing they were doing.
20:35
Speaker 3: They were turning on their super massive black holes in
20:38
Speaker 3: their centers, and those black holes were feeding, and they
20:42
Speaker 3: were feeding furiously. So back in time, once again all
20:47
Speaker 3: kinds of raw hydrogen as fuel to feed those black holes.
20:52
Speaker 3: The black holes were feeding like crazy. So ancient galaxies,
20:57
Speaker 3: in terms of our theoretical understanding of them, had two
21:00
Speaker 3: things going on, star formation and black hole supermassive black
21:05
Speaker 3: holes feeding on infalling gas. So the question is, well,
21:11
Speaker 3: which of these two processes is most likely to make
21:14
Speaker 3: these distant galaxies so darn bright on the James Webb
21:19
Speaker 3: space telescope images that we have from today. And so
21:22
Speaker 3: that's a topic that astronomers in the astronomical community who
21:27
Speaker 3: deal with these kinds of topics have been arguing about
21:29
Speaker 3: for a number of years. And so a new study
21:33
Speaker 3: and researchers were investigating twelve of these little red dots,
21:36
Speaker 3: these ancient galaxies to get some better sense of the
21:39
Speaker 3: nature of these little red dots. These galaxies existed when
21:44
Speaker 3: the universe was only about eight hundred and forty million
21:46
Speaker 3: years old. That sounds like a long time until you
21:49
Speaker 3: realize that the universe today is about thirteen point eight
21:53
Speaker 3: billion years old. So this was the universe in its
21:57
Speaker 3: infancy as well. And it looks like from this from
22:00
Speaker 3: the new James Web data that's being acquired, that it
22:04
Speaker 3: could be the black hole model is winning the day.
22:08
Speaker 3: It looks like the measurements that are being conducted are
22:13
Speaker 3: indicating that these luminous sources in these little red dots
22:19
Speaker 3: simply can't they're so bright they can't be created by
22:22
Speaker 3: star formation because there just isn't enough star formation occurring
22:28
Speaker 3: at that time in models to be able to account
22:31
Speaker 3: for this. It looks more likely that the answer is
22:36
Speaker 3: the feeding super massive black holes are responsible for these
22:40
Speaker 3: ultra bright, very distant little red dot galaxies. From the
22:45
Speaker 3: researchers in a quote to space dot com, they said this,
22:50
Speaker 3: their analysis of the little red dots are simply too
22:53
Speaker 3: luminous and too compact to be explained by a large
22:57
Speaker 3: number of stars. If they were purely made up of stars,
23:00
Speaker 3: they would be the densest galaxies in the universe. So
23:04
Speaker 3: the physical constraints just don't allow it to be star formation.
23:08
Speaker 3: So it's looking at like and again now because of
23:11
Speaker 3: the new James Web data, we have a we have
23:13
Speaker 3: a new instrument, we're getting new data, and we're finding
23:16
Speaker 3: out new things. So now it looks like these distant
23:19
Speaker 3: galaxies driven so bright. So they're the luminosity so bright,
23:24
Speaker 3: they're being driven by super massive black holes feeding furiously
23:28
Speaker 3: on all the material around them.
23:29
Speaker 2: More made of stars. Right after this, all right, our.
23:52
Speaker 4: Next story is one of those it's a it's a
23:55
Speaker 4: cool story, but it's not so fast. It's that like
23:59
Speaker 4: that you want the good news are the bad news?
24:01
Speaker 4: The good news something cool is happening. The bad news.
24:04
Speaker 2: You're not going to be able to see it.
24:07
Speaker 3: I mean, if you're interested in planetary alignments, this is
24:13
Speaker 3: kind of one of those. This is a grand conjunction,
24:16
Speaker 3: and most people say, oh, where can I see it?
24:18
Speaker 3: I want to run out inside in the sky. Well, unfortunately,
24:21
Speaker 3: this particular grand conjunction is happening on the far side
24:25
Speaker 3: of the Sun. Yeah, wah, wah wah. Now I don't
24:28
Speaker 3: want to tell you that you can't see it at all,
24:33
Speaker 3: but you can't see it with your eye. Yeah, there
24:35
Speaker 3: you go directly. I mean what you have to do
24:39
Speaker 3: is you have to go to one of those web
24:41
Speaker 3: pages that's posting up images that from instruments or telescopes
24:47
Speaker 3: that are able to just stare directly at the Sun,
24:50
Speaker 3: and the Soho telescope is one of those, and one
24:54
Speaker 3: of our very favorite websites, spaceweather dot com has the images. Friends,
24:58
Speaker 3: they're there, go check it out. They have Soho images
25:02
Speaker 3: of Venus, Mercury, and Mars all coming to what they
25:09
Speaker 3: call superior conjunction, which means alignment between the Earth, the Sun,
25:13
Speaker 3: and the planet. All three of them are coming to
25:16
Speaker 3: that alignment roughly at the same time, which means we
25:19
Speaker 3: have a giant planetary alignment. Again. Party is on the
25:23
Speaker 3: far side of the Sun. We're not going to be invited,
25:26
Speaker 3: but you can check it out on spaceweather dot com
25:28
Speaker 3: on the SOHO images, because SOHO is a coronagraph that
25:31
Speaker 3: can block out the bright disc of the Sun and
25:34
Speaker 3: you can see what's happening in the neighborhood around the
25:37
Speaker 3: outer atmosphere of the Sun, and you can see those
25:40
Speaker 3: amazing planets lining up on the far side, not with
25:43
Speaker 3: your naked eye, but with the SOHO images.
25:46
Speaker 4: So it's like the what do they do the stories
25:49
Speaker 4: with the I can't remember what it's called the fat
25:51
Speaker 4: bear or whatever it's called, where they say, you know,
25:53
Speaker 4: you vote on your favorite fat bear.
25:54
Speaker 2: It's like that, like.
25:55
Speaker 4: You can be involved in it online on the device,
25:58
Speaker 4: you just can't, you know, physically see the fat bear.
26:02
Speaker 2: Is that what it's called. I don't remember what it's called.
26:04
Speaker 3: It is today, friend, it is today. What I love
26:09
Speaker 3: better than a planetary conjunction is a fat bear.
26:12
Speaker 2: You know, so you vote on their favorite fat bear.
26:15
Speaker 4: I can't remember what it's called, and maybe what it's
26:16
Speaker 4: called I don't know, but anyway, but it's kind of
26:19
Speaker 4: it's one of those cool things to know that it's
26:20
Speaker 4: taking place and that yes, you can go to spaceweather
26:23
Speaker 4: dot com and track it. It' see. I mean, I'm
26:26
Speaker 4: looking at a cool image that you have included with
26:28
Speaker 4: this information about this today, and I'm looking at it
26:32
Speaker 4: right now. But I'm sure there's some updates on all that.
26:35
Speaker 2: But people are into that.
26:36
Speaker 4: People love the idea of planets lining up and all
26:40
Speaker 4: these things. They get fascinated by it. So again, we're
26:43
Speaker 4: sharing the information. We're just not able to tell you
26:46
Speaker 4: how to see it with your naked eye.
26:47
Speaker 3: And again, it's not something that's just today. It's going
26:50
Speaker 3: to be kind of a series of mini conjunctions over
26:53
Speaker 3: the next over the rest of the month of January,
26:56
Speaker 3: right so on, on January twelfth, Mercury clustered very close
27:00
Speaker 3: to the solar disc, and then but in the neighborhood
27:05
Speaker 3: still or Venus and Mars, and then we're going to
27:07
Speaker 3: be looking on January eighteenth to see when Mars is
27:10
Speaker 3: less than one degree from Mercury, and then on January
27:13
Speaker 3: twenty ninth, when Venus and Mercury are only two thirds
27:17
Speaker 3: of a degree apart from each other. All of these
27:20
Speaker 3: kind of mini gatherings, many conjunctions taking place as all
27:25
Speaker 3: of three planets are performing what would be known as
27:29
Speaker 3: a triple superior solar conjunction. Three planets near superior conjunction
27:36
Speaker 3: at the same time. Now, wait a minute. If there's
27:38
Speaker 3: a superior conjunction, doesn't that mean there has to be
27:42
Speaker 3: an inferior conjunction. Yes, there does, friends, there are inferior
27:47
Speaker 3: conjunction junctions that take place too. That's when one of
27:50
Speaker 3: the planets moves in between the Earth and the Sun.
27:53
Speaker 3: Now there are only two planets that can do that,
27:56
Speaker 3: and that's the two planets that are actually closer to
27:58
Speaker 3: the Sun than we are, Mercury, and they're the only
28:01
Speaker 3: ones that can be at inferior conjunction. Mars, that's in
28:05
Speaker 3: this particular grouping we've been discussing just now. It will
28:08
Speaker 3: never be at inferior conjunction, or let me say it differently,
28:12
Speaker 3: if it is, something has gone terribly wrong with our
28:14
Speaker 3: solar system. Friends, something has just come off the rails.
28:18
Speaker 3: So we really don't want to see Mars at inferior conjunction.
28:22
Speaker 3: But we can track Bars at superior conjunction through the
28:26
Speaker 3: wonders of the Soho Coronagraph and our good friends at
28:29
Speaker 3: spaceweather dot com.
28:31
Speaker 4: All right, the Coca Cola Space Science Center, You guys
28:34
Speaker 4: have Music under the Dome returning, and that is coming
28:38
Speaker 4: up the next of the three final shows for this
28:41
Speaker 4: school year for you guys, March the third.
28:45
Speaker 2: That is Legends.
28:47
Speaker 3: Yeah, and it's going to be a great show. Why
28:50
Speaker 3: are we telling you about a concert that's so far
28:52
Speaker 3: away because we want you to get your tickets now
28:54
Speaker 3: while they're still available. That's why these shows do sell out.
28:57
Speaker 3: Please log onto the website check out our Music under
29:00
Speaker 3: the Dome series. You can find out all the descriptions
29:03
Speaker 3: for the different concerts and pick up your tickets for
29:06
Speaker 3: those shows now before they sell out. And then you're
29:10
Speaker 3: very disappointed because you don't get to come to this
29:12
Speaker 3: great concert. If you want to know more about the
29:14
Speaker 3: concert itself, it is a concert inside a planetarium with
29:18
Speaker 3: live musicians performing in person from the Schwob School of
29:23
Speaker 3: Music at Columbus State University, both faculty and students. The
29:27
Speaker 3: performances musically are superior. Well, what's going on up on
29:31
Speaker 3: the dome above your head is also remarkable because that's
29:34
Speaker 3: original art from various space and graphic artists that are
29:39
Speaker 3: producing that art to be choreographed to the music from
29:41
Speaker 3: the concert. It is a site and sound extravaganza. If
29:46
Speaker 3: you're in the area and you've never seen one of
29:48
Speaker 3: these concerts, come down and check it out. If you're
29:51
Speaker 3: not in the area, go ahead and buy your tickets
29:53
Speaker 3: and fly on in. I promise you will will enjoy
29:56
Speaker 3: seeing you here at Space Science Center. We'll give you
29:59
Speaker 3: a tour around the facil and you can check out
30:01
Speaker 3: a Music under the Dome concert. It's it's unique, friends,
30:05
Speaker 3: it's unique in planetarium community. It's not that people don't
30:09
Speaker 3: play live music and planetariums ever, but this particular concert,
30:12
Speaker 3: because of the nature of the artists performing and the
30:16
Speaker 3: live choreographed visuals, it's just incredible. So come down and
30:20
Speaker 3: check out Music under the Dome at Columbus State University's
30:23
Speaker 3: Coca Cola Space Science Center.
30:25
Speaker 4: Sean and I thank you for listening, and we will
30:27
Speaker 4: do this again next week. Overhead Door Company of Columbus
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