Latest / Money And Wealth With John Hope Bryant / From Compton to the C-Suite: The Blueprint for Black Excellence
Transcript
- 0:00Speaker 1: Welcome The Money and Wealth with John O'Bryant, a production
- 0:03Speaker 1: of the Black Effect Podcast Network. iHeartRadio Network, and it
- 0:08Speaker 1: is season three. I want to thank you all for
- 0:11Speaker 1: making this one of the top podcasts for business and
- 0:14Speaker 1: entrepreneurship in the country and on every continent around the world.
- 0:17Speaker 1: And for our NAACP nomination. We lost to Michelle Obama,
- 0:21Speaker 1: but I'd be willing to do that any day of
- 0:22Speaker 1: the week. We have talking about amazing women, and we
- 0:28Speaker 1: don't feature women enough. We want to do more of that,
- 0:31Speaker 1: and I feature women in my upcoming book on my
- 0:34Speaker 1: book that's out now, that's Capitalism for All. And right today,
- 0:38Speaker 1: we have an amazing woman with us who is also
- 0:43Speaker 1: a good friend. Chrissy Ferko is senior executive vice president
- 0:51Speaker 1: ed Wells Fargo, which I believe is a Fortune one
- 0:54Speaker 1: hundred company, maybe Fortune and fifty, one of the biggest,
- 1:00Speaker 1: one of the four biggest banks in the US and
- 1:04Speaker 1: by extension, one of the ten biggest banks arguably in
- 1:06Speaker 1: the world when you take out Chinese banks or government
- 1:12Speaker 1: related Now that title I just gave you. And she's
- 1:16Speaker 1: also head of Financial Inclusion and she's on this is
- 1:20Speaker 1: very important. The operating committee for the bank. Now, for
- 1:25Speaker 1: those who are listening to this in their car while
- 1:29Speaker 1: they're going on a jog or whatever, in a traditional
- 1:31Speaker 1: podcast environment where most people are listening to it initially,
- 1:34Speaker 1: and you won't get around and seeing this on YouTube
- 1:37Speaker 1: until later or on social let me help you out.
- 1:41Speaker 1: She's black, she's a sister si Sta, and like me,
- 1:48Speaker 1: she's from Compton, California. Can't make the same. So this
- 1:54Speaker 1: is going to be a really a powerful episode because
- 2:00Speaker 1: we're going to go from Compton to the c suite,
- 2:03Speaker 1: the unlikely journey and what does that take? What does
- 2:08Speaker 1: that involve? How does that what does that require of
- 2:13Speaker 1: someone to be made of the kind of material to
- 2:17Speaker 1: be made of? What kind of material do you need
- 2:20Speaker 1: to make yourself of along the way? How do you
- 2:23Speaker 1: feel in the gaps? What to do? What to not do?
- 2:28Speaker 1: In that high powered position. Now, I'm going to give
- 2:32Speaker 1: some backgrounds so you have some context for her. But
- 2:36Speaker 1: people hear vice president at a bank or whatever, or
- 2:39Speaker 1: senior vice president of a bank. Oh, I've seen that before.
- 2:41Speaker 1: I've seen a business card that had senior vice president
- 2:44Speaker 1: on it. Yeah, you might have you seen it, might
- 2:47Speaker 1: have been in your local branch network in Houston. It
- 2:51Speaker 1: might have been in a local market in Miami and
- 2:54Speaker 1: you might have saw, oh, this person is a vice
- 2:57Speaker 1: president or a senior vice president. By the way, no
- 2:59Speaker 1: dis expected intended to what I'm about to say to
- 3:02Speaker 1: those people hold those titles. Locally, that's very important, and
- 3:05Speaker 1: locally they have enormous authority. What I'm talking about is
- 3:09Speaker 1: a corporate officer. I'm talking about on the operating committee,
- 3:13Speaker 1: which is where the CEO of the bank Charlie Sharp.
- 3:17Speaker 1: In this example, since I'm talking about again, I repeat
- 3:21Speaker 1: this senior executive vice president. Anybody knows corporate structure. That's
- 3:28Speaker 1: a big baller, shot caller. That's not an official phrase.
- 3:33Speaker 1: So let's talk about her prior rode before we getting
- 3:35Speaker 1: the living Christy talk. She's head of home lending. She
- 3:40Speaker 1: was head of home lending for Wells Fargo, leading twenty
- 3:43Speaker 1: five thousand professionals, so she was basically in charge of
- 3:46Speaker 1: Wells Fargo Mortgage. She was essentially the CEO of Wells
- 3:50Speaker 1: Fargo Mortgage. Actually, will ask where the title was. I
- 3:52Speaker 1: wouldn't be surprised if it literally was CEO well Christy.
- 3:56Speaker 1: What was the title with Wells Fargo Mortgage?
- 3:58Speaker 2: Yeah, the CEO of home Lending.
- 4:00Speaker 1: I told you big BALLI shot called the asset size
- 4:05Speaker 1: of Wills Fargo Mortgage when you were ceo.
- 4:09Speaker 2: Well, we had one point two trillion in our servicing book. Jesus,
- 4:15Speaker 2: we did eight billion in revenue that year and two
- 4:19Speaker 2: point two billion in that income.
- 4:21Speaker 1: See. See, when you got the power, you don't need
- 4:23Speaker 1: to need to use it. She she I was all loud,
- 4:26Speaker 1: like appreaching. She's like, yeah, just eight billion here and
- 4:29Speaker 1: I'm trillion there, and see, she's just so cool. When
- 4:32Speaker 1: you got the you got the power, you don't need
- 4:34Speaker 1: you She just low key. I want you to Anybody
- 4:40Speaker 1: riding their bicycle listening to this, she might have read
- 4:41Speaker 1: off the road, I need you. I need to buckle up.
- 4:45Speaker 1: This is a black woman making history and she's nice.
- 4:49Speaker 1: By the way, she's a nice person. She's authentic. So uh,
- 4:54Speaker 1: let me get into a bit more of the backstory,
- 4:59Speaker 1: and then I'm gonna something I don't typically do. I'm
- 5:01Speaker 1: gonna shut up and give her a couple questions and
- 5:04Speaker 1: let her just rip because she's got a lot to
- 5:06Speaker 1: share with you and a lot to teach. School is
- 5:09Speaker 1: in session. Backstory, Christy grew up in Compton, California. And
- 5:16Speaker 1: if you want to doose some research on her. On her,
- 5:19Speaker 1: it's K not C k R I S t y
- 5:23Speaker 1: f e r c h O. The H is silent furc.
- 5:26Speaker 1: It took me like twenty years to say fer croperty
- 5:30Speaker 1: and Christy Ferco. First time I called her Christy with
- 5:32Speaker 1: a C, She's corrected me, it's with a K John
- 5:35Speaker 1: She's She had no self esteem problem. So Christy grew
- 5:37Speaker 1: up in Common, California, and then moved to where I
- 5:41Speaker 1: grew up, and moved to Tucson, Arizona, a completely two
- 5:45Speaker 1: different worlds uh, and she never stopped traveling after that.
- 5:50Speaker 1: She mastered what I called code switching before there was
- 5:53Speaker 1: a language for it. She became a finance major who
- 5:56Speaker 1: dreamed of Wall Street. It ended up rewriting with leadership
- 6:00Speaker 1: Financial services looks like for a black woman everywhere. This
- 6:06Speaker 1: episode is not a career retrospective. It's a survival guy.
- 6:11Speaker 1: It's a Swiss army knife for women and anybody who
- 6:15Speaker 1: is striving. It is a masterclass and how to be
- 6:18Speaker 1: excellent in any room where no one looks like you,
- 6:22Speaker 1: and how to use that position not as a burden
- 6:26Speaker 1: but as a platform. I'm going to bring my own
- 6:30Speaker 1: experience to this where I need to layer in context,
- 6:36Speaker 1: maybe telling her a phrase that she mentions that it
- 6:39Speaker 1: needs to be defined, or saying something that she says
- 6:42Speaker 1: very casually, like billion or trillion that needs a little
- 6:44Speaker 1: bit more emphasis. But other than that, I'm gonna let
- 6:47Speaker 1: her rip. So she is really singular. I think you're
- 6:53Speaker 1: the highest ranking black female certainly at the bank.
- 6:59Speaker 2: I am, and the first ever on the operating committee.
- 7:04Speaker 1: Amen. I have an immense respect for this lady. I
- 7:09Speaker 1: like her, I admire her, I respect her. We laugh together,
- 7:13Speaker 1: we we scheme together about making the world better. She's
- 7:17Speaker 1: been a protector at the bank, supporter behind closed doors
- 7:22Speaker 1: and for me and for others. She when when somebody
- 7:25Speaker 1: like Bishop td Jakes, the great spiritual legend icon in
- 7:31Speaker 1: the world, when he says he talked to somebody, well,
- 7:33Speaker 1: Fargo Bank, nine times out of ten is Christy. He
- 7:36Speaker 1: can get to the CEO. But the CEO really asked
- 7:39Speaker 1: Christy to to do uh, to do the heavy lifting
- 7:43Speaker 1: really for these relationships, to make them work and bring
- 7:46Speaker 1: and make them real. So here is some context and
- 7:50Speaker 1: some questions for you. Oh and I guess before we
- 7:53Speaker 1: get in that we should go a little bit more
- 7:55Speaker 1: on the backstory you worked also other places you were
- 8:01Speaker 1: at Fanny May, But tell the audience is a little
- 8:04Speaker 1: bit more about the different roles you played before getting
- 8:08Speaker 1: to Wells Parget before I say that, by the way,
- 8:11Speaker 1: thirty years of experience in fincial services industry, even though
- 8:14Speaker 1: she only looks thirty five black dog crack. She's number
- 8:18Speaker 1: seventeen on the American Banker Most Powerful Women's list in
- 8:21Speaker 1: twenty twenty four, the first after American Chair of the
- 8:25Speaker 1: Mortgage Bankers Association, and led in her prior role twenty
- 8:30Speaker 1: five thousand team members. Again, that was her prior role.
- 8:34Speaker 1: She's doing much more now, tell us a little bit,
- 8:36Speaker 1: take us a bit back and filling the blanks, Christie,
- 8:38Speaker 1: on your prior corporate roles, I think it included Fannie
- 8:42Speaker 1: May and PepsiCo. If I'm not respecting mistaken.
- 8:46Speaker 2: Yep, Yeah, so I've Wells Fargo is a fifth company
- 8:51Speaker 2: I worked for. So I started at Baxter Healthcare had
- 8:55Speaker 2: rules of sales, operations, total quality management back then when
- 9:01Speaker 2: that was a big thing. Went to Pepsi kind of
- 9:04Speaker 2: the Fridolay division first, and then ended up at PepsiCo headquarters.
- 9:08Speaker 2: So I spent about eight and a half years there
- 9:11Speaker 2: at the Pepsi companies. After Pepsi, I went to Fannie
- 9:15Speaker 2: May and spent fifteen years there. The first five was
- 9:18Speaker 2: in human resources and then got the opportunity to actually
- 9:21Speaker 2: move into the line business at Fanny May. So my
- 9:25Speaker 2: last ten years there was running a P and L
- 9:29Speaker 2: in the line business and L sorry, profit and loss statement,
- 9:34Speaker 2: So you are a business manager. You're making the decisions
- 9:37Speaker 2: about the business. And then left Fanny May and joined
- 9:43Speaker 2: a regional bank up in Detroit, Michigan called Flagstar and
- 9:48Speaker 2: went in as the president of the mortgage there. When
- 9:51Speaker 2: I got to Flagstar, they were really and they started
- 9:53Speaker 2: as a mortgage bank that actually bought a savings alone
- 9:58Speaker 2: to actually have a stable funding source for their mortgages.
- 10:02Speaker 2: And so mortgage was eighty percent of the revenue of
- 10:05Speaker 2: the bank when I got to Flagstar, and so it
- 10:08Speaker 2: was really a mortgage bank inside of inside of the bank.
- 10:13Speaker 2: And then was there for three years and then got
- 10:15Speaker 2: the call about Wells Fargo. So, as you've already said,
- 10:18Speaker 2: came into Wells Fargo almost six years ago now as
- 10:22Speaker 2: the CEO of the mortgage business. And did that for
- 10:25Speaker 2: a couple of years, and then got the opportunity to
- 10:29Speaker 2: get promoted onto the operating committee and did a role
- 10:33Speaker 2: with diverse segments, kind of bringing in diverse customers across
- 10:37Speaker 2: our five lines of business, and then for the last
- 10:40Speaker 2: year have been in this financial Inclusion opportunity role.
- 10:44Speaker 1: My guess is when you got the when you were
- 10:46Speaker 1: at Wells Fargo Mortgage as CEO, you thought, my god,
- 10:53Speaker 1: I've hit the lottery. Is the top of the of
- 10:56Speaker 1: the top I've never thought, I mean, this is it.
- 10:59Speaker 1: I'll never go any that I'll need to. I'm at
- 11:01Speaker 1: the I mean, I'm at the pinnacle, Am I right?
- 11:04Speaker 2: Yeah? It was well And when I got the call
- 11:07Speaker 2: to for about the Wells Fargo job at Flagstar, the
- 11:10Speaker 2: Wells Fargo job was ten times the size of the
- 11:13Speaker 2: revenue that I was doing at Fannie may or at Flagstar,
- 11:18Speaker 2: and it was Yeah, it was a big role. It
- 11:21Speaker 2: was the number one bank lender and number one servicer
- 11:24Speaker 2: in the country. It was the biggest mortgage job. And
- 11:29Speaker 2: so yeah, I thought, I thought I'd made it for sure.
- 11:34Speaker 1: Yeah, And then then the call came to do something
- 11:36Speaker 1: bigger and more pronounced, and you stepped up and stepped
- 11:38Speaker 1: into that. And we're gonna get into why how in
- 11:41Speaker 1: a minute, what's a servicer? You mentioned another phrase, people
- 11:44Speaker 1: don't know what's the loan servicer?
- 11:46Speaker 2: Yeah, So when people get a mortgage, it's when they
- 11:51Speaker 2: pay their payments every month. The servicer actually disperses those payments,
- 11:56Speaker 2: pays taxes, pays your es, bills, and services the mortgage.
- 12:03Speaker 1: Basically, so the mortgage servicer and the mortgage company that
- 12:10Speaker 1: funds alone could be in many cases are different. Correct, absolutely, Okay,
- 12:21Speaker 1: all right, let's go back to Compton, California. Yeah, and
- 12:26Speaker 1: you know what did money look like growing up? What
- 12:28Speaker 1: did you see on those corners growing up? And what
- 12:31Speaker 1: did you make of it? Now we're gonna put the
- 12:34Speaker 1: postcript that I grew up in Compton, and I didn't
- 12:36Speaker 1: see ladies like she's fine. All the pretty girls were
- 12:40Speaker 1: on the down in the stuccle houses. So be real clear,
- 12:45Speaker 1: it was it was all the pretty girl territory. I
- 12:47Speaker 1: didn't know where for her dad was hiding. Her dad
- 12:50Speaker 1: was hiding CHRISTI because I'd have been all over on
- 12:54Speaker 1: a serious how'd you get? How do you become so nice?
- 12:56Speaker 1: I'm sure that in kind and decent. I'm sure that's
- 12:58Speaker 1: a parent thing. By the way, Christy is happily married.
- 13:01Speaker 1: So guys back off. But look like at Compton and
- 13:07Speaker 1: tell that story. What did money look like growing up?
- 13:09Speaker 1: And what do you see on those street corners?
- 13:12Speaker 2: Yeah, I mean it, and it certainly changed over kind
- 13:17Speaker 2: of my upbringing there. But my dad was a track
- 13:19Speaker 2: coach at Compton High actually, and so that's kind of
- 13:25Speaker 2: where it started. My mom, you know, was a stay
- 13:29Speaker 2: at home mom kind of at first. But my parents
- 13:32Speaker 2: got married when my dad was in college, his sophomore
- 13:37Speaker 2: year in college, and so my dad was on scholarship
- 13:40Speaker 2: at San Jose and so scholarship athletes had to live
- 13:44Speaker 2: in the dorm, and so my mother worked a job
- 13:47Speaker 2: and held it down. My brother was here at the time,
- 13:51Speaker 2: I wasn't here yet. And then when my dad graduated college,
- 13:55Speaker 2: they moved back to Compton. My dad got the job
- 13:57Speaker 2: at Compton High and I was born and so, you know,
- 14:01Speaker 2: growing up on the streets. It evolved over time. I
- 14:05Speaker 2: think when you're a kid, you don't realize what's the
- 14:07Speaker 2: environment that you're, you know, growing up in. But as
- 14:12Speaker 2: I grew and got older, a lot of the kids
- 14:14Speaker 2: that I grew up with that were friends like, started
- 14:17Speaker 2: going to jail, started selling drugs, started being killed, and
- 14:23Speaker 2: we just had a different path. My father ended up
- 14:26Speaker 2: getting the track coach job at the University of Arizona.
- 14:30Speaker 2: In fact, he has a distinction of being the first
- 14:33Speaker 2: Division one black head coach ever. And we moved to Tucson, Arizona,
- 14:39Speaker 2: and so it was ninety nine point nine percent black
- 14:43Speaker 2: to ninety nine nine percent white in Tucson. So my
- 14:46Speaker 2: life really was you talked about code switching. My life
- 14:50Speaker 2: really was traversing both of those versus those worlds. But
- 14:54Speaker 2: no matter where I was, it was like, these were
- 14:56Speaker 2: the kids I grew up with. And I think that's
- 14:58Speaker 2: the beautiful thing about kids. They are resilient. You don't
- 15:01Speaker 2: realize if you have money or if you don't have money.
- 15:04Speaker 2: You don't realize what you have or what you don't have.
- 15:06Speaker 2: I always say all unhappiness is caused by comparison. And
- 15:11Speaker 2: my parents, Yeah, my parents really didn't let us focus
- 15:14Speaker 2: on comparison. It was like, what you have is what
- 15:17Speaker 2: you have, be grateful for it. And so grew up
- 15:20Speaker 2: with this mindset of appreciation and gratitude for what you
- 15:24Speaker 2: do have. And never worried about what we didn't have.
- 15:28Speaker 2: I think it wasn't until later in life. Actually I
- 15:31Speaker 2: went to USC University of Southern California, which was Los Angeles.
- 15:38Speaker 2: That's when I saw what real money looked like. That's
- 15:42Speaker 2: when I was first aware like, oh, there's kids that
- 15:47Speaker 2: have things that I do not have. Like my roommate
- 15:51Speaker 2: my freshman year, you know, her father pulled up her
- 15:55Speaker 2: car and it was a BMW on a flatbed truck.
- 15:58Speaker 2: Like I did not go to school with a car,
- 16:01Speaker 2: and I didn't have a car my whole four years
- 16:03Speaker 2: of college. That just that wasn't something for us. So
- 16:07Speaker 2: it wasn't really until I went to college that I
- 16:09Speaker 2: really realized the difference in people with money. Let's go
- 16:13Speaker 2: back money a little bike.
- 16:15Speaker 1: Yeah, let's go back to conflict for a minute, because
- 16:17Speaker 1: you had something in complent. You didn't have money. If
- 16:19Speaker 1: you had wealth, you had wealth of spirit. Who who
- 16:23Speaker 1: your family told you they loved you, gave you, confidence,
- 16:25Speaker 1: gave you. Were you a daddy's girl?
- 16:28Speaker 2: I was a daddy's girl. Yeah, very much.
- 16:30Speaker 1: So.
- 16:31Speaker 3: Yeah.
- 16:31Speaker 2: I think in our family, actually we didn't use the
- 16:35Speaker 2: word I love you in our house, and in fact,
- 16:37Speaker 2: I have no memories growing up of hearing my parents
- 16:40Speaker 2: say that they loved me. It was just a word
- 16:43Speaker 2: that my parents didn't use. And that sounds crazy, but
- 16:48Speaker 2: it wasn't. But we felt very very loved and we
- 16:51Speaker 2: felt very very secure in that it just the words
- 16:54Speaker 2: weren't spoken, and so we were. We grew up with
- 16:58Speaker 2: this belief that we could do anything that we wanted
- 17:02Speaker 2: to do, anything that we put our minds to. My
- 17:04Speaker 2: dad used to always say what the mind can perceive,
- 17:08Speaker 2: the will can achieve, and it was the statement of
- 17:11Speaker 2: constantly believing that you could do whatever you put your
- 17:15Speaker 2: mind to. It was about hard work, it was about sacrifice,
- 17:18Speaker 2: It was about you know, doing what you needed to
- 17:21Speaker 2: do to be successful, that hustle, that grind, and so
- 17:24Speaker 2: we grew up believing that there wasn't anything that we
- 17:28Speaker 2: couldn't do if we put our mind to it. We
- 17:31Speaker 2: worked hard and we believed that we could achieve it,
- 17:34Speaker 2: and so that was the richness. Obviously, we grew up
- 17:37Speaker 2: in the church, and so you know, we had a
- 17:40Speaker 2: spiritual grounding and knew where our gifts came from, believed
- 17:46Speaker 2: that our steps were ordered, and that it was our
- 17:49Speaker 2: job to use the gifts we were given to make
- 17:53Speaker 2: the world a better place. And so growing up with
- 17:56Speaker 2: that as the upbringing, you just believe that you not
- 18:00Speaker 2: only can do things, but that you're required to do
- 18:04Speaker 2: things to make things better for people.
- 18:07Speaker 1: So fascinating. Your parents didn't physically tell you they loved you,
- 18:11Speaker 1: but somehow you knew it anyway through I guess through
- 18:13Speaker 1: their actions. Right.
- 18:15Speaker 2: Yeah, we were hugged a lot. Yeah, a lot of
- 18:19Speaker 2: a lot of affirmation, just not the words I love you.
- 18:22Speaker 1: And let's put your parents in history, historical record. Let's
- 18:26Speaker 1: say their names, please.
- 18:29Speaker 2: Yes, Willy, Willie and Margaret Williams.
- 18:33Speaker 1: Thank you Willy and Margaret Williams. You did a good job.
- 18:38Speaker 1: You had to not transition, you had to transplant yourself
- 18:43Speaker 1: from a black world to a white one. You just
- 18:45Speaker 1: mentioned that earlier. How did you survive that and what
- 18:48Speaker 1: did that teach you that allowed you later on to
- 18:51Speaker 1: survive and thrive in the corporate setting that I want
- 18:53Speaker 1: to go back to college.
- 18:56Speaker 2: Yeah. I think what became really fascinating very quickly is
- 19:00Speaker 2: is as we traversed those worlds, and so we would
- 19:02Speaker 2: spend nine months in Tucson and then we'd go back
- 19:06Speaker 2: to Compton for and spent our summers in Compton. The
- 19:10Speaker 2: practical reality was it was one hundred and ten degrees
- 19:13Speaker 2: in Tucson. But the other is, when your dad's a
- 19:17Speaker 2: track coach, you know, kind of summers are the only
- 19:19Speaker 2: time he really has has off after the track season ends.
- 19:24Speaker 2: And so our life was very much traversing back and
- 19:28Speaker 2: forth between those two worlds, and I think very very
- 19:31Speaker 2: quickly we realized we weren't black enough for the black
- 19:34Speaker 2: kids anymore, and we weren't white enough for the white kids.
- 19:37Speaker 2: So all of a sudden, the black kids started saying,
- 19:40Speaker 2: you talk funny. Why are you talking like that? You
- 19:43Speaker 2: talk with an accent, you know. The white kids, you know,
- 19:47Speaker 2: were like, your hair is different. Why is your hair different?
- 19:52Speaker 2: And so the going back to what you were saying
- 19:54Speaker 2: earlier with good parents, My parents were very grounded in
- 19:59Speaker 2: the fact that you don't change who you are depending
- 20:03Speaker 2: on what your environment is. You were always who you
- 20:06Speaker 2: are and allow people to adjust to you. You don't
- 20:10Speaker 2: adjust to other people. And again I didn't realize it
- 20:13Speaker 2: at the time, but what that instilled that has served
- 20:16Speaker 2: me very very well in my life and especially in
- 20:20Speaker 2: corporate is I show up authentically who I am. Like
- 20:24Speaker 2: when people talk about imposter syndrome, I'm fortunate that that's
- 20:28Speaker 2: something I've never understood because my parents kind of beat
- 20:33Speaker 2: that out of us at a very early age, right,
- 20:35Speaker 2: which is like, you be who you are, You be
- 20:38Speaker 2: authentic to who you are, and the world will adjust
- 20:41Speaker 2: to you. You don't adjust to the world. And I
- 20:44Speaker 2: think that was really foundational for us as kids, and
- 20:49Speaker 2: so it gave us permission to be who we were authentically.
- 20:54Speaker 1: Quincy Jones once told me God bless us, soul rest
- 20:57Speaker 1: and so al He said, not one ounce of myself
- 21:00Speaker 1: esteem depends on your acceptance of mem That's reminds me
- 21:04Speaker 1: of how your parents raised you. Yeah, very much said
- 21:08Speaker 1: fifteen years of Fanny May. And so we should probably
- 21:11Speaker 1: describe very briefly what Fanny May is. Fanny May and
- 21:14Speaker 1: Freddie Mac. Fanny May is the bigger of the two
- 21:16Speaker 1: entities in a culture, the rewards jumping in title stacking.
- 21:20Speaker 1: What made you stay? What were your building blocks there
- 21:24Speaker 1: that you couldn't get somewhere else? Why was that important
- 21:27Speaker 1: to stay there for fifteen years? And again that's unpacked,
- 21:30Speaker 1: just very briefly what Fanny May is.
- 21:33Speaker 2: Yeah, So Fanny May take. So they're in what's called
- 21:36Speaker 2: the secondary market, so wells Fargo's in the primary market.
- 21:39Speaker 2: We lend directly to consumers. Fanny May and Freddie Mac
- 21:44Speaker 2: then take those loans and lenders actually sell them to
- 21:48Speaker 2: Fanny May and Freddie Mac. They take a bunch of
- 21:51Speaker 2: loans and put them together and then put them out
- 21:55Speaker 2: into the capital markets as a security. And it's those
- 22:00Speaker 2: securities and investors investing in those securities that then allows
- 22:05Speaker 2: rates to go down or rates to be lower as
- 22:11Speaker 2: a result of the efficiency of the investors getting those returns.
- 22:16Speaker 2: So Fannie May had a really critical role to play.
- 22:19Speaker 2: Always tell you a way you can tell the effectiveness
- 22:21Speaker 2: of Fanny and Freddy is if you look You don't
- 22:24Speaker 2: have to look in the paper anymore, but if you
- 22:26Speaker 2: go online and look at what rates are for a
- 22:29Speaker 2: jumbo mortgage or what rates are for a conventional mortgage,
- 22:33Speaker 2: which is which is what Fanny and Freddie secure. That
- 22:38Speaker 2: spread difference is the value or that gap is the
- 22:41Speaker 2: difference of what the value of a Fanny May or
- 22:44Speaker 2: Freddie Mac is to consumers.
- 22:48Speaker 1: It subsidizes the rate it buys down the cost of
- 22:52Speaker 1: getting mortgage. When so Fanny Main and Freddie Mack are like,
- 22:55Speaker 1: they're not government entities. Well their government.
- 22:58Speaker 2: Related, government related, Yeah, government sponsored entity m g S.
- 23:05Speaker 1: Yeah. Okay, So you ran worldwide Oh this is so sexy.
- 23:10Speaker 1: You ran worldwide, worldwide corporate HR at PepsiCo. Now that's
- 23:16Speaker 1: all cool. If you come to Atlanta. You can't come
- 23:17Speaker 1: to Land talk about Pepsi but co color. But that's cool.
- 23:22Speaker 1: You were a worldwide HR human resources at PepsiCo. Uh.
- 23:28Speaker 1: That's not typical move for someone in financial services. What
- 23:32Speaker 1: did a role like that teach you that no finance
- 23:35Speaker 1: job would and was that intentional to take that role?
- 23:39Speaker 2: Yeah? So Pepsi was before my financial services career. So
- 23:42Speaker 2: I went for Baxter Healthcare yep. Yeah, So I went
- 23:45Speaker 2: for Baxter Healthcare to then Pepsi. Uh, and was in
- 23:50Speaker 2: my whole eight and a half years at Pepsi, I
- 23:53Speaker 2: was in human resources and so I had been with
- 23:56Speaker 2: the Freedolay division in the field for six years and
- 23:59Speaker 2: then got this move to move to corporate headquarters and
- 24:03Speaker 2: manage worldwide. I think was what was powerful about having
- 24:07Speaker 2: worldwide responsibility was getting the international experience, like really trying
- 24:12Speaker 2: to figure out how other countries how they actually operated,
- 24:17Speaker 2: how the culture was different. It was all PEPSI, but
- 24:20Speaker 2: the culture was different depending on the culture or the
- 24:23Speaker 2: country where people were from. And so it was like
- 24:26Speaker 2: learning how to drive results and be successful in cultures
- 24:33Speaker 2: that had different values, that had different systems than kind
- 24:36Speaker 2: of what we had at PEPSI. So that was really powerful.
- 24:39Speaker 2: And then I left PEPSI and went into financial services.
- 24:43Speaker 2: So I think the building blocks John when I think
- 24:46Speaker 2: back on my career, there's a common thread that goes
- 24:49Speaker 2: through it all. Whether it was healthcare or consumer products
- 24:53Speaker 2: or financial services, the common thread really was this understanding people,
- 24:59Speaker 2: understand the needs of people, and figuring out what solutions
- 25:04Speaker 2: were to make that make things better for those people.
- 25:08Speaker 2: And so, you know, whether if it's in sales, it
- 25:10Speaker 2: was actually selling a product to be able to deliver
- 25:14Speaker 2: that and understand what people's needs were around that product.
- 25:17Speaker 2: In human resources, it was around kind of putting talent
- 25:20Speaker 2: together and helping kind of drive results for the company
- 25:24Speaker 2: or making sure we had the right people in the
- 25:26Speaker 2: right seats to deliver what the company needed. And then
- 25:29Speaker 2: when I moved into then managing you know, a business
- 25:34Speaker 2: and actually running a business, it was about how do
- 25:37Speaker 2: you put all those things together. How do you get
- 25:39Speaker 2: the most out of people? Take this incremental effort that
- 25:42Speaker 2: people have and have them give it to you so
- 25:44Speaker 2: you can get better results, but then deliver for whatever
- 25:48Speaker 2: the stakeholder needed. And so you talk about building blocks.
- 25:52Speaker 2: It looks like diverse jobs, but it really was building blocks.
- 25:56Speaker 2: On in each job, I learned something that helped me
- 26:00Speaker 2: be more successful at the next job, right Learning how
- 26:03Speaker 2: to get along with people, learning how to get the
- 26:06Speaker 2: best out of people, learning how to design systems so
- 26:10Speaker 2: that the company could work better. Each one of those
- 26:12Speaker 2: jobs taught me how to do that so that when
- 26:15Speaker 2: I was then running a business, I was able to
- 26:17Speaker 2: take all those experiences and put them together.
- 26:20Speaker 1: You know, it's really wonderful about listening to you unpack
- 26:23Speaker 1: all of this, putting this fact that I'm a personal
- 26:28Speaker 1: fan of yours aside. If I had taken off the
- 26:31Speaker 1: visuals here, we weren't just doing a simple podcast. I
- 26:34Speaker 1: hadn't said you were an African American. And if we
- 26:37Speaker 1: even had AI mask your voice so that it was
- 26:40Speaker 1: neutral and you can tell whether you're male or female,
- 26:43Speaker 1: no one listening to this here around the world. We'll
- 26:46Speaker 1: be able to discern because you're just talking to us. Excellence.
- 26:50Speaker 1: It's not black excellence, it's not female excellence, is not
- 26:54Speaker 1: some asterisk excellence. It's just excellence. And you come ready
- 26:59Speaker 1: to and I like that. And what hit me also
- 27:04Speaker 1: about your story? And I really hadn't thought about it
- 27:07Speaker 1: until this interview. I think because I think about I
- 27:10Speaker 1: try to be president. I think about you in the
- 27:11Speaker 1: current context. You went from you You've traveled industries and
- 27:15Speaker 1: you've traveled the world. You went from healthcare to a
- 27:19Speaker 1: government sponsored entity, I mean, not necessarily to a beverage business,
- 27:24Speaker 1: a government sponsored entity, not necessarily in this order, a
- 27:27Speaker 1: mortgage operation. Uh, really an operating leader and of regional company,
- 27:35Speaker 1: a balance sheet, running a balance sheet in an income
- 27:37Speaker 1: statement at a pretty young age. Then running a national
- 27:43Speaker 1: company and sorry, yeah, a national company, uh with in
- 27:48Speaker 1: the in the banking, in the finance and mortgage space.
- 27:51Speaker 1: And now and then internationally, whether it's the second time
- 27:55Speaker 1: in international PepsiCo in this one, uh with Wells Fargo,
- 27:59Speaker 1: and and you're going from Compton to Copenhagen. And bring
- 28:03Speaker 1: anybody listening to this who want to know how to
- 28:07Speaker 1: play it in a high level. You never want to
- 28:09Speaker 1: pay for stuff yourself if you can avoid it, Like
- 28:12Speaker 1: you don't want to pay for a corporate jet, you
- 28:13Speaker 1: want to go on the company's corporate jet. Right. You know,
- 28:16Speaker 1: if you're swapping your own credit card, you're doing something wrong.
- 28:20Speaker 1: If you don't want to pay to travel all around
- 28:22Speaker 1: the world, you want to get a job. If that's
- 28:24Speaker 1: your passion that takes you around the world, let them
- 28:26Speaker 1: pay for it. I mean, you're it's fair changing the robbery.
- 28:29Speaker 1: You're not cheating them. You're their emissary, you're their ambassador
- 28:33Speaker 1: around the world. You're doing the job. You're putting the
- 28:35Speaker 1: work in ninety percent of your travel, it's gonna be business,
- 28:37Speaker 1: but you'll take ten percent while you're there and explore
- 28:39Speaker 1: the culture. And that makes you, as you're hearing from Christy,
- 28:42Speaker 1: a well rounded person. There's a version of career advancement, Christy,
- 28:48Speaker 1: where you're always sort of playing offense, getting the next title,
- 28:54Speaker 1: the next check. And then there's another version where you're
- 28:57Speaker 1: playing chess and not checkers. Which one were you playing
- 29:01Speaker 1: the was the answer? And at what point did you
- 29:04Speaker 1: know the difference between which one you were playing.
- 29:09Speaker 2: Yeah, it's a good question, John, because I don't I
- 29:12Speaker 2: you know Steve Jobs said, you can only connect the
- 29:15Speaker 2: dots looking backward, and I think as I was in
- 29:20Speaker 2: it and living it, I was always really focused on
- 29:24Speaker 2: doing a good job at the job that I had.
- 29:28Speaker 2: I was always very cognizant to my job was to
- 29:32Speaker 2: make my boss look good and to make my boss's
- 29:34Speaker 2: life easier. And so I not only was doing my work,
- 29:38Speaker 2: but I always tried to understand from my boss, like
- 29:41Speaker 2: what are we trying to achieve and how do I
- 29:43Speaker 2: do my part to help you achieve that? And I
- 29:46Speaker 2: think what that did for me and maybe this is
- 29:48Speaker 2: a little bit of the chest as I was thinking
- 29:50Speaker 2: about next move, I never was focused on what my
- 29:53Speaker 2: next move was, but by really being intentional about making
- 29:58Speaker 2: sure my boss was successful and sure we were doing
- 30:01Speaker 2: what the company needed us to do. I was always
- 30:03Speaker 2: thinking broader about the company, never just about the role
- 30:07Speaker 2: that I had, and so that really helped. When an
- 30:12Speaker 2: opportunity came up, my boss would say, hey, I hate
- 30:16Speaker 2: to lose her, but Christy should go on that or
- 30:18Speaker 2: special projects. I would get nominated for special projects that
- 30:23Speaker 2: then got me exposure to other people in the company
- 30:27Speaker 2: that then just led to my next opportunity and my
- 30:32Speaker 2: next job. And so the first job I ever applied for,
- 30:37Speaker 2: and really the only job I ever applied for, was
- 30:39Speaker 2: my first job out of college at Baxter. All my
- 30:42Speaker 2: other jobs has come from somebody reaching out and saying,
- 30:46Speaker 2: will you come take this job or we think you'd
- 30:48Speaker 2: be created this, and so the movement happened by other people,
- 30:54Speaker 2: not by me applying applying for jobs, and so I think,
- 30:59Speaker 2: you know, that is the I was focused on doing
- 31:01Speaker 2: a good job. I was focused on leaving an impact
- 31:05Speaker 2: and having an impact broader than the role that I
- 31:08Speaker 2: was in, but trying to have a broader impact on
- 31:10Speaker 2: the company and really trying to understand what were the
- 31:13Speaker 2: problems of the company and how could I help solve them,
- 31:16Speaker 2: even from my chair. And that just made people notice
- 31:20Speaker 2: me and say, let's give her the opportunity to go
- 31:23Speaker 2: do more, and that just afforded me continued opportunities to
- 31:27Speaker 2: go do more.
- 31:30Speaker 1: So you and I never had this conversation before. You know,
- 31:34Speaker 1: this is the first time. And it's ironic that you're
- 31:38Speaker 1: answering in ways that just are very consistent with top
- 31:41Speaker 1: line leaders. It's not ironic. Maybe I writing to the audience,
- 31:44Speaker 1: not I writing to me. It is pleasing to me
- 31:46Speaker 1: that all these things are pretty much the same. What
- 31:49Speaker 1: do I mean by that? At never, at one time
- 31:51Speaker 1: that you infer this was about you, This is about
- 31:54Speaker 1: making your boss look good. And you know this is
- 31:56Speaker 1: about to give. And I say about about relationships a
- 31:59Speaker 1: give A giver is exotic, A giver or take her
- 32:03Speaker 1: is neurotic, and a taker or take her is psychotic.
- 32:09Speaker 1: And when I'm hanging around you, I see you around
- 32:12Speaker 1: other givers. And even the way you just talked about
- 32:17Speaker 1: leading is leading through service. It's how do I make
- 32:19Speaker 1: my boss look good? You talk about your husband when
- 32:21Speaker 1: he's not there in very admirable ways. You're always giving
- 32:25Speaker 1: him props. By the way, let's give him his Let's
- 32:26Speaker 1: give him his props. Public that his name is Steve,
- 32:30Speaker 1: Steve Ferko, good brother. And and so my guess is
- 32:39Speaker 1: and I'm the same way in the way I think
- 32:40Speaker 1: you're going to answer. You never asked for money, Sorry,
- 32:43Speaker 1: you never asked for what? How much were you going
- 32:45Speaker 1: to get paid in these different jobs? That was never
- 32:47Speaker 1: one of the top three questions. Let me back up
- 32:50Speaker 1: before I say that. Let me say that I've you've
- 32:52Speaker 1: also mentioned relationship capital and I often say if you
- 32:56Speaker 1: hang around nine bro people, you'll be the tenth. So
- 33:00Speaker 1: you you were around the right people. You didn't fill
- 33:02Speaker 1: out an application. But one time it was people saying,
- 33:05Speaker 1: you know what, Chrissy is pretty talented and these might
- 33:08Speaker 1: be white people. Just be really blunt here. These might
- 33:10Speaker 1: be an oftentimes white people because they're in the power structure,
- 33:12Speaker 1: and they weren't.
- 33:13Speaker 2: Most of the time there was you go.
- 33:15Speaker 1: So they were just recognizing, here's a very talented person
- 33:18Speaker 1: who can help me grow my things respect. It's irrelevant
- 33:22Speaker 1: that she's black female. It might have been positive because
- 33:24Speaker 1: it makes them look good in some way, but they didn't.
- 33:27Speaker 1: That was an afterthought. It was like, oh no, she's confident,
- 33:30Speaker 1: and I want people to hear that. And I also
- 33:33Speaker 1: want to now go to this question about was it
- 33:36Speaker 1: ever about money? Because at the society, this generation behind
- 33:39Speaker 1: yours and mine, I'm so I'm just getting so tired
- 33:43Speaker 1: of everything being a conversation about money, money, money. Even
- 33:47Speaker 1: relationships now are getting transactional, and that's just wrong. You're
- 33:52Speaker 1: gonna lose lose, losees the taker mentality. Am I right
- 33:55Speaker 1: that your top three four questions when asking about a
- 33:58Speaker 1: new position, new job you did. It not even cover
- 34:01Speaker 1: the issue of what does this position pay?
- 34:03Speaker 2: Yes, never, it never came up. It was always about
- 34:07Speaker 2: the experience. It was always about taking an inventory of
- 34:12Speaker 2: what I had in my toolbox and what skills I
- 34:15Speaker 2: wanted to learn. And if it was about learning new
- 34:19Speaker 2: skills and new opportunity, I was all for it.
- 34:23Speaker 1: That's payment.
- 34:23Speaker 2: Actually, yes, that's payment. Yeah, it's a different level of currency.
- 34:28Speaker 2: It's a different currency.
- 34:29Speaker 1: That's it. Where did you feel genuinely powerful in your career? When?
- 34:35Speaker 1: At what point? And when and where? When did you
- 34:37Speaker 1: feel not comfortable or powerful? It might have been a
- 34:40Speaker 1: different day in the same position, who knows. Yeah, what
- 34:43Speaker 1: did like and what did you feel like in that
- 34:47Speaker 1: that moment? Like?
- 34:47Speaker 2: What?
- 34:47Speaker 1: In other words, share the audience that you if you
- 34:50Speaker 1: ever felt not enough?
- 34:53Speaker 2: Yeah, well I'll start with the I'll start with the
- 34:58Speaker 2: powerful one first. I definitely have felt both, but I
- 35:03Speaker 2: think the and it was it had to do with
- 35:05Speaker 2: my coming to wealth. So I got the call about
- 35:09Speaker 2: the job at Wells, and I went into the interview,
- 35:14Speaker 2: and interestingly, the job about the or the call about
- 35:17Speaker 2: the job at Wells came one week to the day
- 35:20Speaker 2: after George Floyd's murder.
- 35:22Speaker 1: Wow.
- 35:23Speaker 2: And I had spent that week really really struggling. And
- 35:27Speaker 2: I don't know if people remember, but taking people back,
- 35:30Speaker 2: we had had a succession of murders, with people being
- 35:36Speaker 2: killed in their homes on the street, And it was
- 35:40Speaker 2: this awareness for me that my blackness all of a
- 35:43Speaker 2: sudden made me uniquely vulnerable in this world in a
- 35:47Speaker 2: way that I hadn't thought about before, because again going
- 35:49Speaker 2: back to my upbringing, we traversed both of those worlds.
- 35:52Speaker 2: So it wasn't about being black. It was about being
- 35:55Speaker 2: excellent to your point. That's how I was raised, and
- 35:58Speaker 2: so that aireness was like and I'm a big runner,
- 36:02Speaker 2: so it was like, you mean I can go out
- 36:04Speaker 2: on the street and run and somebody shoot me or
- 36:06Speaker 2: run me over with the car. So after the George Floyd,
- 36:09Speaker 2: I was I was really in a bad way, and
- 36:12Speaker 2: I just kept thinking about how do I contribute, what's
- 36:16Speaker 2: my role? How do I make this better? What can
- 36:19Speaker 2: I do to change the plight for black and brown families?
- 36:23Speaker 2: And I just kept hearing a voice that said, it's housing.
- 36:26Speaker 2: It's housing, You're where you need to be. Home Ownership
- 36:29Speaker 2: is still the single largest financial purchase that many people
- 36:31Speaker 2: will make ever make. It's still the quickest path to
- 36:35Speaker 2: wealth and generational wealth if you keep the home in
- 36:38Speaker 2: the family. And so it was about is what the
- 36:47Speaker 2: single largest or the fastest way to wealth and wealth,
- 36:53Speaker 2: gender building, generational wealth that most people will ever have,
- 36:57Speaker 2: And so it was I was in the right place.
- 37:00Speaker 2: So when I got the call a week later about
- 37:02Speaker 2: the job at Wells Fargo, in every interview when people
- 37:07Speaker 2: asked why did I want this job, my answer was
- 37:11Speaker 2: because I want to put more black and brown people
- 37:13Speaker 2: in homes. And to my great surprise, every interviewer said,
- 37:20Speaker 2: that's really great. Come do that at Wells Fargo.
- 37:23Speaker 1: Wow.
- 37:23Speaker 2: And the powerful part was is I had a job.
- 37:28Speaker 2: I had only been at Flagstar for three years. I
- 37:31Speaker 2: had a job and was perfectly happy at that job.
- 37:34Speaker 2: And while Wells Fargo was ten times the size and
- 37:37Speaker 2: the biggest mortgage job in the country at the time,
- 37:40Speaker 2: it was that that wasn't important to me. I was
- 37:44Speaker 2: searching for bigger legacy, how to make things better, bigger
- 37:48Speaker 2: better for others. And so the boldness the power that
- 37:52Speaker 2: I felt in saying my intention is to put more
- 37:56Speaker 2: black and brown people in homes and to have that
- 38:00Speaker 2: and say that's great. Do that here? That that made
- 38:04Speaker 2: you know? That was like, wow, that's what using your
- 38:06Speaker 2: power looks like. And so then stepping into mortgage, there
- 38:10Speaker 2: was never a question over what my intentions were because
- 38:15Speaker 2: I had been really clear about that up front. And
- 38:17Speaker 2: so I think the learning from that, and certainly the
- 38:20Speaker 2: message to your listeners is you always have more power
- 38:24Speaker 2: than you think you have. Use your leverage for good
- 38:28Speaker 2: and to make things better for others. Don't be afraid
- 38:31Speaker 2: to hold on to what you have or what you
- 38:34Speaker 2: might lose. So that was the first thing I would say.
- 38:38Speaker 2: The place where I felt pretty vulnerable was the first
- 38:44Speaker 2: time I actually left Fanny May and went into Flagstar
- 38:49Speaker 2: again as the head of mortgage. It was my first
- 38:52Speaker 2: time truly in a standalone running my own income statement
- 38:57Speaker 2: and balance sheet, and every day I felt overwhelmed. Every
- 39:02Speaker 2: day I had the question of am I good enough?
- 39:05Speaker 2: Do I have the knowledge and skills to do this?
- 39:08Speaker 2: It was one thing to run it inside of a
- 39:10Speaker 2: company Fanny May or to be a part of. I
- 39:13Speaker 2: was running a division inside of Fanny Mae, but somebody
- 39:16Speaker 2: else was responsible for the whole thing. All of a sudden,
- 39:18Speaker 2: I was responsible for the whole thing and so, and
- 39:22Speaker 2: we were a publicly traded company and so it was,
- 39:26Speaker 2: and with eighty percent of the revenue coming from mortgage,
- 39:28Speaker 2: So that was an enormous amount of pressure that I
- 39:32Speaker 2: was feeling about am I good enough? Do I have
- 39:34Speaker 2: the right knowledge? Can I pull all this together? And
- 39:39Speaker 2: that's where, to your point, this relationship capital really fell in.
- 39:42Speaker 2: It was leaning on people, being very open and vulnerable
- 39:46Speaker 2: about how I was feeling coming home every night talking
- 39:50Speaker 2: to my husband, and you know, he would boost me up,
- 39:53Speaker 2: like are you kidding me? You haven't like, you know,
- 39:56Speaker 2: you know what to do, you know the right people,
- 39:58Speaker 2: you have the right team, like relying on them. And
- 40:01Speaker 2: I think that's what I've learned in my career, John,
- 40:03Speaker 2: is success isn't about the contribution of any one individual.
- 40:07Speaker 2: Like any career success I have, it is a culmination
- 40:12Speaker 2: of the great relationships I've had, the people that I've
- 40:15Speaker 2: invested in, and what I've been able to achieve with
- 40:19Speaker 2: other people. It's also the most rewarding part of a
- 40:23Speaker 2: career as well. But it is you know, not being
- 40:27Speaker 2: afraid to ask for help, not being afraid to lean
- 40:31Speaker 2: on other people, because wherever you feel you have a gap,
- 40:36Speaker 2: there's somebody who's got that information, that knowledge to be
- 40:40Speaker 2: able to fill in the gap where you might feel lacking.
- 40:43Speaker 2: And it was a really powerful lesson on we don't
- 40:47Speaker 2: do anything, including this life alone.
- 40:50Speaker 1: Amen. So Christy, as we began to come in the
- 40:55Speaker 1: home stretcher and an incredibly good interview, and I want
- 41:01Speaker 1: to switch from head to heart as we've got in
- 41:04Speaker 1: their home stretch can get it real personal. But as
- 41:07Speaker 1: we do that, let's take a zoom out for a minute,
- 41:12Speaker 1: and let's not mention the elephant in the room. There
- 41:15Speaker 1: was a time where Wells Fargo's reputation was in the
- 41:17Speaker 1: tank and I was on the community board in Los
- 41:20Speaker 1: Angeles where a lot of these shenanigans were dreamed up
- 41:24Speaker 1: twenty years ago, and I advised people not to do this,
- 41:27Speaker 1: and they ignored me. That was two Wells Fargo's ago.
- 41:31Speaker 1: Even though it has the same name, I think without
- 41:33Speaker 1: those problems, I mean, as I look back, the management
- 41:36Speaker 1: was almost entirely white, and they had some white females,
- 41:40Speaker 1: but it was entirely white. And if it wasn't for
- 41:43Speaker 1: those problems, for I want the listeners to understand this,
- 41:46Speaker 1: rainbows only follow storms. You cannot have a rainbow without
- 41:49Speaker 1: a storm first, and nobody's perfect, so don't look for that.
- 41:53Speaker 1: But without those problems that wells Fargo new leadership, I
- 41:57Speaker 1: don't believe Wouldham said in more enlightened way, you know
- 41:59Speaker 1: what we need to change that make sure that never
- 42:02Speaker 1: happens again. We also need to change the people and
- 42:05Speaker 1: make sure they're more reflective, and I think that's part
- 42:07Speaker 1: of the reason why the management committee and two layers
- 42:11Speaker 1: down also was much more diverse under Charlie Sharf. Would
- 42:14Speaker 1: you agree with that, Yeah, I mean.
- 42:16Speaker 2: I think Charlie was really clear about you have to
- 42:20Speaker 2: get people in who I mean we had to fix
- 42:23Speaker 2: the problem. So you have to get people in who
- 42:25Speaker 2: have the skills to be able to fix the problems
- 42:30Speaker 2: and could be laser focused on that. But as you know,
- 42:34Speaker 2: we think of ourselves as you know, kind of a
- 42:36Speaker 2: large super regional bank, like we are the main Street.
- 42:40Speaker 2: You know, we do Wall Street or also the Main Street,
- 42:43Speaker 2: and so we have forty one hundred branches in communities
- 42:47Speaker 2: all over this country. You have to be on the
- 42:50Speaker 2: ground in those communities and look like those communities to
- 42:54Speaker 2: understand the needs of those communities and develop product and
- 42:58Speaker 2: solutions to be able to serve those community. And so
- 43:02Speaker 2: I think that's critically important that the company reflect the
- 43:06Speaker 2: customers that they are trying to serve. And that's at
- 43:10Speaker 2: the front line, all the way into the c suite.
- 43:16Speaker 1: And I think that the bank is now best in class.
- 43:19Speaker 1: I mean, everybody makes mistakes every now and then, but
- 43:22Speaker 1: I'm i'd put right up there at the top. And
- 43:25Speaker 1: and it's She's right. It's Wall Street with with a
- 43:28Speaker 1: touch of main Street. So let's go.
- 43:30Speaker 3: Personal, now main Street with the Wall Street.
- 43:33Speaker 1: She's gone once up first, you flipped it. For those
- 43:38Speaker 1: who who understand code switching, she just flipped the code
- 43:43Speaker 1: because they really are a huge Wall Street firm, and
- 43:46Speaker 1: even to give them the complement that they understand main
- 43:48Speaker 1: Street would be a complement, she's flipped it. So no, no,
- 43:50Speaker 1: we're main Street. Don't get it twisted. Who Yeah, yeah,
- 43:54Speaker 1: that's that's that's uh. You've used the term double only
- 44:00Speaker 1: the only black person and the only woman in the room.
- 44:04Speaker 1: Of course, I know half of that feeling. What's the
- 44:07Speaker 1: emotional cost of carrying that role? How do you not
- 44:10Speaker 1: let it crush you? And you've also said that because
- 44:14Speaker 1: you're the only person in the room. People listen that
- 44:18Speaker 1: you were never afraid to be the challenged voice. Talk
- 44:21Speaker 1: to me about and us about what it takes, what
- 44:24Speaker 1: that actually looks like, and what it took to learn
- 44:28Speaker 1: how to use that voice that way, because a lot
- 44:29Speaker 1: of people in your position go completely quiet.
- 44:33Speaker 3: Yeah, well, I think two things.
- 44:36Speaker 2: One, the double only is the only thing I know, right,
- 44:39Speaker 2: So being the only woman in the room, being the
- 44:42Speaker 2: only black in the room, especially in mortgage banking, you
- 44:48Speaker 2: just get comfortable. And I think my upbringing had a
- 44:50Speaker 2: lot to do with that. Given our upbringing, we were
- 44:54Speaker 2: comfortable in every room because we were just authentic to
- 44:59Speaker 2: who we are. I think the value though, when you
- 45:02Speaker 2: are the double only, the value is no one else
- 45:06Speaker 2: in the room has your lived experience, and so when
- 45:10Speaker 2: you're there, you represent your experience. You also, I think
- 45:14Speaker 2: you have an obligation to represent your experience in a
- 45:18Speaker 2: way that can help inform and educate others, so it
- 45:22Speaker 2: can improve the decision making or whatever is gonna you know,
- 45:26Speaker 2: gonna happen. I was never afraid to ask the tough question,
- 45:31Speaker 2: especially the questions that were difficult, that got to the
- 45:35Speaker 2: heart of the matter. If that's what was important for
- 45:37Speaker 2: us to be able to move forward. And it was
- 45:40Speaker 2: just really important that you understood that when you're in
- 45:45Speaker 2: the room, you have this responsibility to bring others right.
- 45:50Speaker 2: So as the double only, I had responsibility to make
- 45:52Speaker 2: sure that that perspective was represented in the room. If
- 45:56Speaker 2: I tried to just blend in with my peers or
- 45:59Speaker 2: with the other of the room, then I wasn't really
- 46:02Speaker 2: adding the unique value that I could add.
- 46:04Speaker 3: And I think that's what people miss.
- 46:06Speaker 2: When they're quiet in a room, which is you have
- 46:09Speaker 2: a unique perspective that can actually help solve the problem,
- 46:13Speaker 2: or add a different perspective to move the problem in
- 46:16Speaker 2: a different way. That different lens with which you see
- 46:19Speaker 2: the world could be exactly the lens that.
- 46:22Speaker 3: Is needed to solve the problem.
- 46:24Speaker 2: And so for me, it was always this responsibility being
- 46:29Speaker 2: in the room to make sure that the doors were
- 46:31Speaker 2: opened wider so that those who came behind me could
- 46:35Speaker 2: come through with more ease and opportunity than I did.
- 46:41Speaker 1: I I'm gonna ask you a question I never asked anybody,
- 46:45Speaker 1: and you're uniquely able to answer it. And the audience
- 46:51Speaker 1: is thriving, is desperate for these answers. I'm gonna give
- 46:55Speaker 1: you both questions at the same time. Answered, However, you like,
- 46:58Speaker 1: what's the most dangerous thing that a black executive can
- 47:04Speaker 1: do in corporate America? You sort of almost already answered,
- 47:08Speaker 1: what's the most dangerous thing they can't do, which is
- 47:10Speaker 1: to not be representative? So what's the most dangerous thing
- 47:13Speaker 1: that a black or a Latino or a woman fill
- 47:16Speaker 1: in the blank executive can do in corporate America? And
- 47:21Speaker 1: has there ever been moments when you you were misread?
- 47:26Speaker 1: I know the answer this where your confidence was labeled
- 47:29Speaker 1: something else, your directly is mistaken for something it wasn't.
- 47:34Speaker 1: How did you handle that without compromising who you are? Boy?
- 47:39Speaker 1: These are loaded question. Yes, come on, let's go at it.
- 47:46Speaker 3: Wow.
- 47:49Speaker 2: Yeah, I get misread all the time, even to this day,
- 47:53Speaker 2: I get misread all the time. People think they know
- 47:57Speaker 2: my story. People look at me, and I think they
- 48:01Speaker 2: make assumptions about me based on how I look, or
- 48:05Speaker 2: based on how I talk or what they see of me,
- 48:09Speaker 2: that they have no idea what my story is. And
- 48:12Speaker 2: so when I say I'm from Compton, when I say,
- 48:16Speaker 2: you know, my father committed suicide when I was fifteen
- 48:19Speaker 2: years old, and I was raised by a single mother,
- 48:23Speaker 2: people are like, Oh, I just assumed you grew up
- 48:25Speaker 2: in a two parent household. Like people make assumptions all
- 48:28Speaker 2: the time, and so I am the embodiment of don't
- 48:33Speaker 2: judge people because you never know their story. And so
- 48:38Speaker 2: what well I always try to do when people misunderstand
- 48:43Speaker 2: or misinterpret, I do two things. One, I don't overly
- 48:48Speaker 2: worry about it, because it's not mine to control. Their
- 48:53Speaker 2: perception of me has nothing to do with who I
- 48:55Speaker 2: actually am or what I actually am, and so I
- 48:59Speaker 2: think of it more is that's their problem than mine
- 49:02Speaker 2: to the extent that is impacting then my ability to
- 49:06Speaker 2: get stuff done.
- 49:07Speaker 3: I lean into relationships.
- 49:09Speaker 2: I try to either engage them directly and understand what
- 49:15Speaker 2: the problem is and how we move forward so we
- 49:17Speaker 2: could focus on the work. Or I engage somebody that
- 49:22Speaker 2: I know has a good relationship with them that I
- 49:25Speaker 2: also have a relationship with them to kind of be
- 49:27Speaker 2: a broker or a bridge to be able to get
- 49:31Speaker 2: us kind of on the same page. But I think
- 49:35Speaker 2: my entire career I've been underestimated or labeled, and it's
- 49:42Speaker 2: about it's about just staying.
- 49:45Speaker 3: On your path.
- 49:47Speaker 2: People's view of you doesn't actually change who you are
- 49:52Speaker 2: or what you are. You know what is true, and
- 49:56Speaker 2: so you just keep lean in. And if that door
- 49:58Speaker 2: isn't open for you as a result of someone's perception
- 50:01Speaker 2: of you, then that wasn't the door you were supposed
- 50:04Speaker 2: to step through. I believe that what's intended for you
- 50:08Speaker 2: will be and that no one can actually stop that
- 50:11Speaker 2: from happening.
- 50:12Speaker 3: So if that door is closing, then maybe that's not
- 50:15Speaker 3: the place.
- 50:16Speaker 1: You should be. And what's that dangerous thing that a
- 50:19Speaker 1: black executive or a minority executive can do and needs
- 50:23Speaker 1: to avoid? And I mean, let me, we're running out
- 50:26Speaker 1: of time, and this is so rich I want to
- 50:27Speaker 1: get as much in. I'm gonna join that with another
- 50:30Speaker 1: question for efficiency sake, what is the one mistake you
- 50:34Speaker 1: see brilliant young black and brown professionals make most often
- 50:38Speaker 1: as they try to move up. So you have any
- 50:40Speaker 1: black executive that's in the seat, and what's the thing
- 50:42Speaker 1: they must not do to avoid? And what's that thing
- 50:45Speaker 1: that young people do that you're like, ooh, you know,
- 50:48Speaker 1: I really would suggest.
- 50:50Speaker 2: You not do that. Yeah, I think what is dangerous
- 50:54Speaker 2: and mistakes I see people make. It's not being true
- 50:57Speaker 2: to who they are. I am always really clear about
- 51:01Speaker 2: where my line is, and I have defined upfront before
- 51:05Speaker 2: I go into a situation, what my non negotiables are,
- 51:09Speaker 2: what's important to me, what do I stand for. It's
- 51:12Speaker 2: rooted in my faith, it's rooted in my values, it's
- 51:15Speaker 2: rooted in who I am. But I never move that line.
- 51:18Speaker 2: And the mistake that I see people make is compromising
- 51:22Speaker 2: on where their line is or moving it. And you
- 51:25Speaker 2: justify and you just make one normal decision, but you
- 51:28Speaker 2: keep moving your line. That's really really dangerous because you'll
- 51:32Speaker 2: wake up one day and not recognize yourself or not
- 51:36Speaker 2: recognize what you've become.
- 51:38Speaker 3: And so it's always important to be true to yourself.
- 51:43Speaker 2: Because at the end of the day, when your career
- 51:46Speaker 2: is over, or when you leave that company and you
- 51:48Speaker 2: go somewhere else, what you what you are left with
- 51:52Speaker 2: is your integrity and who you were, who you are,
- 51:56Speaker 2: who you were, and what was most important and what's
- 52:04Speaker 2: most important at the end of the day. No one
- 52:05Speaker 2: ever says on their deathbed, I wish I had more
- 52:07Speaker 2: time at work, or I wish I would have made
- 52:09Speaker 2: a different decision at work. Right, it's about what's the
- 52:12Speaker 2: legacy you're leading behind, who you loved who you. You know,
- 52:16Speaker 2: it's about family, it's about legacy, it's much bigger. It's
- 52:21Speaker 2: about who you loved and loved in return and where
- 52:25Speaker 2: you loved in return. Like that at the essence of
- 52:28Speaker 2: our life is kind of what's critically important.
- 52:31Speaker 1: So the advice, so the thing that you would not
- 52:35Speaker 1: want the corporate executive to do and the young person
- 52:38Speaker 1: coming up is the same thing.
- 52:40Speaker 2: It's the same thing. Got to be authentic to who
- 52:43Speaker 2: you are, and you've got to know where your line is.
- 52:45Speaker 1: And would you agree, don't be emotional in your decision
- 52:48Speaker 1: makings at work because it's going to be probably be misread. Yes, yeah, yeah,
- 52:54Speaker 1: trick to be a person of color. Yeah, so I
- 52:57Speaker 1: was gonna.
- 52:58Speaker 2: Emotion is important though, but you got to know when
- 53:01Speaker 2: I said sometimes emotion is important.
- 53:02Speaker 3: So you got to know when to do it, and
- 53:04Speaker 3: you got to know who to deal it with, and
- 53:06Speaker 3: you have to have relationship to do it.
- 53:08Speaker 2: That's right, when things are really unacceptable, you have to
- 53:11Speaker 2: let people know that that's unacceptable.
- 53:13Speaker 1: Boom. That part your value system, your value system. So
- 53:18Speaker 1: Operation Hope is a partner of yours, and we are
- 53:22Speaker 1: in the Hope inside of branches and you and Darlene
- 53:25Speaker 1: and others have really kicked the door in there and
- 53:27Speaker 1: made sure that we had a presence. And it's a
- 53:29Speaker 1: real partnership and it's indirectly tied to your current role. Let's,
- 53:34Speaker 1: as we wrap up, help the audience understand your current role.
- 53:38Speaker 1: Why is it meaningful in this moment that I think
- 53:39Speaker 1: is a historic moment third reconstruction from civil rights to
- 53:43Speaker 1: civil rights. And if I just left you Riff for
- 53:45Speaker 1: the last few minutes of your podcast and whatever you
- 53:49Speaker 1: wanted to share, this was your this is your ministry
- 53:52Speaker 1: of finance, if your this is your pullpit of Hope,
- 53:55Speaker 1: what would you say to the audience.
- 53:58Speaker 2: Well, first of all, just as I talk about Operation
- 54:01Speaker 2: Hope and the relationship that we have, I think it
- 54:05Speaker 2: is one of the greatest examples of public private partnership
- 54:09Speaker 2: coming together to really make a meaningful impact. The Hope
- 54:14Speaker 2: inside centers that are in the Wells Fargo branches. I
- 54:18Speaker 2: think we have over forty now we'll have fifty by
- 54:20Speaker 2: the end of the year. Really is about a free
- 54:24Speaker 2: service letting people walk in off the streets and get
- 54:28Speaker 2: the help that they need to create the financial future
- 54:33Speaker 2: that is going to make their life better and going
- 54:36Speaker 2: to serve their families for generations to come.
- 54:38Speaker 3: It's about giving the.
- 54:39Speaker 2: Knowledge and investing in people with the knowledge, the tools
- 54:43Speaker 2: and the resources, and being a real partner to help
- 54:47Speaker 2: them be able to do the hard work right, building
- 54:50Speaker 2: those daily habits to reduce debt, increase savings, start investing,
- 54:56Speaker 2: buy a home if they so choose, And so that
- 54:59Speaker 2: partnership is create important. Operation Hope brings the plan and
- 55:02Speaker 2: Wells Fargo helps with the scale by being able to
- 55:05Speaker 2: do it in our branches, in those communities where people
- 55:08Speaker 2: can walk in and get help. And I think that's
- 55:11Speaker 2: when I'm so passionate about the role that I have
- 55:14Speaker 2: with financial inclusion. It is recognizing that people can have
- 55:18Speaker 2: the financial future that they desire. They just have to
- 55:22Speaker 2: be willing to work hard and do the work, make
- 55:27Speaker 2: the tough choices to be able to do it. And
- 55:30Speaker 2: the first thing we have to do, John, is people
- 55:32Speaker 2: have to get over the shame. There's so much shame
- 55:35Speaker 2: and guilt about how we have managed or haven't managed
- 55:38Speaker 2: our finances. We've all made like those money mistakes that
- 55:41Speaker 2: have set us back or made bad choices. Maybe there's
- 55:44Speaker 2: some of your listeners who are in that place right now.
- 55:47Speaker 2: It is never too late. You can always start again.
- 55:50Speaker 2: And I think Operation Hope the Hope in Side centers
- 55:55Speaker 2: are a great way for people to get the help
- 55:58Speaker 2: that they need to be able to start again.
- 56:01Speaker 3: And so I've just come to this understanding.
- 56:04Speaker 2: My mother is eighty six years old and she lives
- 56:08Speaker 2: in her home that is paid for. So she paid
- 56:12Speaker 2: off a thirty year fix great mortgage, never refinancing one.
- 56:16Speaker 2: But she is eighty six years old living in a
- 56:19Speaker 2: house that she is paid off, her car is paid off,
- 56:23Speaker 2: and the most my mother ever made in her life
- 56:26Speaker 2: was forty thousand dollars a year. And so my mother
- 56:30Speaker 2: is the embodiment of what is possible when you make
- 56:35Speaker 2: the choice to sacrifice, to align your money decisions with
- 56:40Speaker 2: like your values.
- 56:42Speaker 3: Home ownership was a value. Education for her kids was
- 56:45Speaker 3: a value.
- 56:45Speaker 2: So I'm a product of a mother who sacrificed so
- 56:49Speaker 2: I could have an education and do what I'm doing.
- 56:52Speaker 2: And so it's all possible. People just have to believe
- 56:56Speaker 2: that it is possible. And once they have that belief,
- 56:59Speaker 2: then and seek they write help and support to be
- 57:03Speaker 2: able to get the attention and the support that they
- 57:06Speaker 2: need to be able to make that a reality for them.
- 57:10Speaker 1: Beautiful if you can believe it. I actually had more questions,
- 57:15Speaker 1: but I'm gonna we're We're over time. This has been fabulous.
- 57:20Speaker 1: Can I ask one one final bonus question? Please? Sure
- 57:27Speaker 1: folks are listening to this, they've been intrigued by you,
- 57:30Speaker 1: inspired by you. By the end of this podcast, they
- 57:33Speaker 1: trust you. They feel like they have their relationship with you.
- 57:36Speaker 1: So they wanted to put the guards down, no shame.
- 57:40Speaker 1: Somebody out here listening to this wants to be a baller.
- 57:44Speaker 1: They want to access capital at a significant level. They
- 57:48Speaker 1: want to be a preferred customer. They want to be
- 57:51Speaker 1: able to get a credit line that's one hundred thousand,
- 57:53Speaker 1: five hundred thousand, a million, five million. They want their
- 57:57Speaker 1: business to be able to be business that the operating
- 58:01Speaker 1: committee knows who they are in a capitalized way. As
- 58:07Speaker 1: somebody sitting inside one of the biggest banks in the
- 58:10Speaker 1: world and having a dual focus and being bilingual, can
- 58:17Speaker 1: you tell the audience what, in your opinion is the
- 58:20Speaker 1: key is to operationalize and I dream first of all,
- 58:24Speaker 1: is it possible as a personal color to access capital
- 58:26Speaker 1: at that level at a bank like Wells Fargo or others?
- 58:29Speaker 1: And how in summary should they think about doing that.
- 58:33Speaker 1: It may take them a two, three, five years, ten
- 58:36Speaker 1: years to get there, but how do they get how
- 58:37Speaker 1: do they go about getting to your table?
- 58:40Speaker 2: Yeah, I think it's really simple. I think people should
- 58:44Speaker 2: develop It's about relationship. So develop a relationship with a
- 58:49Speaker 2: banker in this case, develop relationship with a banker and
- 58:54Speaker 2: tell them your dreams, tell them what you're trying to do,
- 58:58Speaker 2: and create a roadmap for how you're going to get there.
- 59:01Speaker 2: That person then will invest in you. They'll invest in
- 59:05Speaker 2: your dream they'll help move you along the path. So
- 59:08Speaker 2: as you need capital to scale your business, as you
- 59:12Speaker 2: need the information, the different tools and resources, they'll be
- 59:16Speaker 2: helpful to help you move along. So no matter where
- 59:21Speaker 2: someone is in this path, Again, none of us gets
- 59:24Speaker 2: to where we are by ourselves. We need people who
- 59:29Speaker 2: this is what they do, to partner with to invest in.
- 59:33Speaker 2: And so I would encourage people to develop a relationship
- 59:37Speaker 2: with a local banker. I would love it to be
- 59:40Speaker 2: Wells Fargo, but if not, then get it somewhere. But
- 59:44Speaker 2: you've got to get with people that have access to
- 59:48Speaker 2: the resources, the capital, the information that you need.
- 59:52Speaker 3: And people think you have to have money to go
- 59:54Speaker 3: to banks. You don't. Banks are here to.
- 59:58Speaker 2: Help people get into the system, develop the resources that
- 1:00:02Speaker 2: they need to be able to realize their dreams.
- 1:00:06Speaker 3: And I didn't get a banker to invest in your dream.
- 1:00:09Speaker 1: So as we wrap this up in Bassador Andrew Young's quote,
- 1:00:13Speaker 1: that's coincidence is God's way and remaining anonymous rings true
- 1:00:17Speaker 1: because she didn't know. I didn't know what her answer
- 1:00:19Speaker 1: was going to be. She was going to answer the question,
- 1:00:22Speaker 1: But that line's completely up with. My first adult bank
- 1:00:24Speaker 1: account was at Wells Fargo AD a branch from Picco
- 1:00:27Speaker 1: Boulevard in West Los Angeles, and I think it was
- 1:00:30Speaker 1: eighteen years old, and I remember the bank branch manager, Shapiro,
- 1:00:36Speaker 1: and he gave me my first credit card and all
- 1:00:38Speaker 1: that kind of stuff, and and he had he could.
- 1:00:41Speaker 1: I was bousing checks, but I was floating. I was
- 1:00:44Speaker 1: floating chick, and he might cover me for a day
- 1:00:47Speaker 1: or two. He get dinged himself if I didn't cover
- 1:00:51Speaker 1: that check, but he had enough credibility to say, John,
- 1:00:54Speaker 1: don't give you a couple more days. And then as
- 1:00:55Speaker 1: I every level I went up, I had somebody else
- 1:00:58Speaker 1: i'd meet who was appropriate for that level, who said, John,
- 1:01:02Speaker 1: I got you, and I would. My job was to
- 1:01:04Speaker 1: inform them, educate them, keep them updated about the good
- 1:01:07Speaker 1: news and the bad news of my life. There was
- 1:01:08Speaker 1: no surprises ever. If there was any bad news, I
- 1:01:11Speaker 1: told them first. But what you heard here, she didn't
- 1:01:13Speaker 1: tell you about financial statements and p and ls and
- 1:01:16Speaker 1: all that stuff. All that's important. She can tell you
- 1:01:18Speaker 1: about a business plan, all that's important. She told you
- 1:01:20Speaker 1: to build a relationship. Yeah, and that's what I've been
- 1:01:25Speaker 1: telling you.
- 1:01:26Speaker 2: So.
- 1:01:27Speaker 1: Christy Ferko did not wait for the world to make
- 1:01:30Speaker 1: room for her ladies and gentlemen. She walked in the
- 1:01:32Speaker 1: rooms where no one looked like her. She spoke when
- 1:01:36Speaker 1: speaking had a cause, and she made herself indispensable, not
- 1:01:42Speaker 1: by shrinking, but by showing up fully. That's not just
- 1:01:47Speaker 1: a career story. That's a blueprint. That's why I call
- 1:01:50Speaker 1: this a master class. Today. If you're navigating a space,
- 1:01:53Speaker 1: it wasn't built for you, and let's be honest, most
- 1:01:56Speaker 1: of the spaces weren't. Christy just showed told you what
- 1:02:00Speaker 1: it takes and what it looks like to survive and
- 1:02:05Speaker 1: to lead. Now I can be written off, maybe as
- 1:02:10Speaker 1: a one off, as an entrepreneur and all that kind
- 1:02:14Speaker 1: of stuff. But Christy's a blueprint. She's inside of a
- 1:02:18Speaker 1: fortune I think one hundred company in search of five
- 1:02:23Speaker 1: hundred for sure, and she's done it for thirty years.
- 1:02:27Speaker 1: With competence that's replicable. You can be the next Christy Ferco. Christy,
- 1:02:35Speaker 1: thank you for joining us. This is Money and Wealth
- 1:02:37Speaker 1: on the Black Effect Network on iHeartRadio. And this is
- 1:02:41Speaker 1: a masterclass from Compton to the c suite. Thank you, Christy,
- 1:02:47Speaker 1: Thank you. Money and Wealth with John O'Brien is a
- 1:02:53Speaker 1: production of the Black Effect Podcast Network. For more podcasts
- 1:02:57Speaker 1: from the Black Effect Podcast Network, visit the iheartwaredio, have
- 1:03:00Speaker 1: Apple podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.