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Transcript

Generous to a Default · Ctrl-Alt-Speech

• 0:00
  Ben Whitelaw: Come on then, Mike, tell me what fun you've had or seen on the internet this week
• 0:05
  Mike Masnick: Well, here's a fun one.
• 0:06
  Mike Masnick: the NBA championships, I don't know if you're a basketball fan at all.
• 0:09
  Mike Masnick: Are you?
• 0:09
  Mike Masnick: Do you, do
• 0:11
  Ben Whitelaw: I wish I was a, I wish I was a basketball fan.
• 0:13
  Ben Whitelaw: I'm not.
• 0:15
  Mike Masnick: Okay.
• 0:16
  Ben Whitelaw: Te- teach me.
• 0:17
  Ben Whitelaw: School me on b- what I need to
• 0:19
  Mike Masnick: basket, the, finals, the NBA championship finals began last night.
• 0:24
  Mike Masnick: and the New York Knicks, which are my team from growing up, but who literally the last time they won a championship was the year before I was born, are in the finals, which is a little bit exciting because, when I was a kid they were okay, and they had a few good years, but, uh, it's been 20 something years since they were even remotely good.
• 0:47
  Mike Masnick: I mean, I guess last year they were all right.
• 0:49
  Mike Masnick: But they're in the finals, so I'm actually a little excited about it.
• 0:51
  Mike Masnick: But...
• 0:52
  Ben Whitelaw: what's happened?
• 0:52
  Ben Whitelaw: What's the special, the special sauce?
• 0:54
  Ben Whitelaw: What have they done?
• 0:54
  Mike Masnick: Uh, they're just getting good players.
• 0:56
  Mike Masnick: I mean, that's, that's the trick.
• 1:00
  Ben Whitelaw: That old thing
• 1:02
  Mike Masnick: but the thing that I found this week online, which is perfect for the NBA championships, is a site called 82 and 0, 82-0.com.
• 1:11
  Mike Masnick: There are 82 games in a season in the NBA, and the idea is that you sort of spin a wheel, and it presents you a team and an era.
• 1:20
  Mike Masnick: So some decades, you know, going back to I think the'60s.
• 1:24
  Mike Masnick: I don't know how far back it goes.
• 1:25
  Mike Masnick: and you have to pick one player from that team and that era and build out a team, and they have some system that will determine if it can go 82 and 0.
• 1:34
  Mike Masnick: So the goal is to try and build a team that would win every game.
• 1:38
  Ben Whitelaw: Nice
• 1:39
  Mike Masnick: it is difficult, and I have not gotten a team.
• 1:42
  Mike Masnick: gotten teams that were, you know, good, but I've not gotten a team that is close to 82 and 0, I do not have that much s- free time.
• 1:51
  Mike Masnick: But I am spending a lot of time trying to build a good all-time basketball team.
• 1:57
  Ben Whitelaw: That sounds like an incredibly valuable use of anyone's time.
• 2:00
  Ben Whitelaw: Um, do you need to know about basketball?
• 2:03
  Ben Whitelaw: Can, can I have a go?
• 2:04
  Ben Whitelaw: Do you think I could
• 2:05
  Mike Masnick: could go, you could go.
• 2:06
  Mike Masnick: You can figure out, I mean, you can figure out the basics pretty quickly.
• 2:09
  Mike Masnick: I mean, you want a team that scores a lot of points, but you have to be able to match positions.
• 2:13
  Mike Masnick: So, like, I was playing with it earlier and, you know, certain positions tend to score more points.
• 2:18
  Mike Masnick: So if you get someone who's kind of good, you put them in.
• 2:20
  Mike Masnick: But if you fill that spot, you can't fill it again later.
• 2:23
  Mike Masnick: So Shaquille O'Neal being a very famous basketball player, so I...
• 2:28
  Mike Masnick: But he's a center, and I just got him, the, you know, the period when he was great, except I'd already filled the center position with a less good player and could not use Shaquille O'Neal.
• 2:38
  Mike Masnick: It was very disappointing.
• 2:40
  Ben Whitelaw: uh, I'm into, I'm into fantasy football games, so that will be, that'll be up my street.
• 2:44
  Mike Masnick: There you go.
• 2:45
  Mike Masnick: Check it out.
• 2:46
  Ben Whitelaw: I will.
• 2:46
  Ben Whitelaw: I mean, am I, I can, can't confess to have been doing anything as quite as kind of analytical as that, but I did find a video that brought me immense joy this week.
• 2:54
  Ben Whitelaw: obviously now being a father, you get served all kinds of stuff on all kinds of platforms, and the, video that I got kind of sent on Instagram, it's actually, on my kind of for you page, my, my recommended page, was a toddler in a silent disco.
• 3:11
  Ben Whitelaw: Have you ever seen a toddler in a silent disco?
• 3:15
  Ben Whitelaw: it's the purest amount of joy you could ever see.
• 3:18
  Ben Whitelaw: and when I say silent disco, I mean, you know, this is a two-year-old wearing his dad's kind of running headphones and being played some sort of like Disney classics.
• 3:28
  Ben Whitelaw: the kind of whirling of the arms, the pumping of the body, it's, it's honestly something kind of quite mesmerizing and
• 3:37
  Mike Masnick: you sent this to me a couple minutes ago, and I will say, this kid is getting down.
• 3:41
  Mike Masnick: I mean, this kid is, is really feeling the music.
• 3:45
  Ben Whitelaw: Yeah.
• 3:46
  Ben Whitelaw: It's flowing through every single sinew of his body, and he's completely kind of immersed in it, and obviously no one can hear, you know, what he's listening to, and he's completely kind of incommunicado with, with his parents.
• 3:58
  Ben Whitelaw: So yeah, I think we should take that energy into today's podcast,
• 4:01
  Mike Masnick: Absolutely.
• 4:01
  Ben Whitelaw: basically.
• 4:03
  Ben Whitelaw: and, uh, yeah, let's see how it goes.
• 4:13
  Ben Whitelaw: Hello, and welcome to Control Alt Speech, the podcast where we make sense of the major debates shaping online speech, platform power, content moderation, and the future of the internet.
• 4:22
  Ben Whitelaw: It's June the 4th, 2026, and this week we're talking about Meta marking its own homework on teen safety, what the Bricks and Minifigs story says about online speech, and for our Patreon subscribers, internet despotification and what to do about it.
• 4:37
  Ben Whitelaw: have a drink before you say that one.
• 4:38
  Ben Whitelaw: Uh, Control Alt Speech is the weekly therapy session of Mike Masnick, editor and founder of Techdirt, and me, Ben Whitelaw, founder and editor of Everything in Moderation.
• 4:51
  Ben Whitelaw: Y- you seem to like that one, Mike, weekly therapy.
• 4:53
  Ben Whitelaw: Yeah.
• 4:54
  Mike Masnick: a good one
• 4:55
  Ben Whitelaw: I think that hits the nail on the head
• 4:57
  Mike Masnick: A- absolutely.
• 4:59
  Ben Whitelaw: Yeah, I've, I think there's more, more to say on that.
• 5:01
  Ben Whitelaw: yeah, before we jump in, big love for our, uh, Patreon subscribers who have been both kind of keeping the lights on and, also you know, supporting us in the early stages of this new experiment we've been running.
• 5:12
  Ben Whitelaw: we've, been running our Patreon for five or six weeks now, and we have supporters who pay$10 a month to get extended episodes of our dulcet tones and occasionally some analysis as well.
• 5:24
  Ben Whitelaw: And our founders who, for this weekend only actually, will get the honor of being one of our earliest supporters, plus they get the chance to have a direct line to us and send us stories that we can cover on the podcast.
• 5:36
  Ben Whitelaw: After this weekend, that founder tier will go slightly up in price and will become something a bit different.
• 5:44
  Ben Whitelaw: So if you are interested in supporting the podcast, if you've been listening a long time, now's your chance to, to
• 5:50
  Mike Masnick: chance.
• 5:51
  Ben Whitelaw: ac- to claim that founder supporter title.
• 5:55
  Ben Whitelaw: I've heard it gets you into a lot of very exclusive clubs and venues, Mike, if you say that you're a founding Patreon supporter of Control Alt Speech.
• 6:02
  Ben Whitelaw: I haven't
• 6:02
  Mike Masnick: need,
• 6:03
  Ben Whitelaw: that myself
• 6:03
  Mike Masnick: we need to have a special handshake, which we'll, test out at Trust Con this year.
• 6:08
  Ben Whitelaw: Yeah.
• 6:09
  Ben Whitelaw: Yeah, exactly.
• 6:10
  Ben Whitelaw: I'll, I'll let you do that one first.
• 6:11
  Ben Whitelaw: Uh, and it goes without saying that if you're an organization or an institution who wants to reach our, very attractive and clever audience, um, by sponsoring an episode or three perhaps, you can go to ctrlaltspeech.com, find out more about our sponsorship offering, which, is one of the best out there, I'd say.
• 6:31
  Ben Whitelaw: or by reaching out to Mike and I via our, uh, podcast@ctrlaltspeech.com email address.
• 6:38
  Ben Whitelaw: How's things this week, Mike?
• 6:39
  Ben Whitelaw: What, what's, what's new in your world from kind of being quite nervous about basketball, it sounds like?
• 6:45
  Mike Masnick: Well, the Knicks won last night, so I'm happy about that.
• 6:48
  Ben Whitelaw: Yeah, what was it like before they won though?
• 6:50
  Ben Whitelaw: Probably
• 6:50
  Mike Masnick: oh, it was, it was a little nerve-wracking'cause they were, they were down by a lot and they, they came back and, and won.
• 6:56
  Mike Masnick: Uh, but this is not a basketball podcast, so we're not, we're not gonna, we're not gonna go there.
• 7:01
  Mike Masnick: But, uh, no, it's been a busy week.
• 7:03
  Mike Masnick: we'll talk about it later, but I, published a big piece this week, which has been making the rounds and getting plenty of attention, and I'm, I'm glad that that's out'cause I put a lot of time into that.
• 7:12
  Mike Masnick: and so that was big, and then there's a whole bunch of other stories going on, some of which we'll be talking about.
• 7:17
  Mike Masnick: And so it has been-- I mean, it's always a busy week, but this one feels particularly crazy.
• 7:22
  Mike Masnick: So how about you?
• 7:24
  Ben Whitelaw: Yeah, yeah, it's been good.
• 7:25
  Ben Whitelaw: I, been kind of running around, went to a couple of events here in London, which really interesting to speak to folks who are, you know, deeply in the weeds on this stuff.
• 7:33
  Ben Whitelaw: and I think, yeah, you're, you're gonna talk us through some pretty high-profile dramas, storylines that have been, taking place this week that have a speech element, which is always fun.
• 7:42
  Ben Whitelaw: I like it when those, our quite kind of quirky, nebulous world of online speech and internet regulation breaks out a little bit and reaches new audiences as, as we'll discuss.
• 7:51
  Ben Whitelaw: we should get straight into it'cause we've got lots to discuss and, we're gonna start, Mike, by talking a bit about product defaults, and that is not a reason for our listeners to switch off.
• 8:05
  Mike Masnick: audience gets it.
• 8:06
  Mike Masnick: I don't think you have to give that sort of, you know, caveat.
• 8:10
  Ben Whitelaw: No.
• 8:10
  Ben Whitelaw: Maybe not.
• 8:11
  Ben Whitelaw: Maybe not.
• 8:11
  Ben Whitelaw: But I mean, I, I'm very fascinated by product defaults.
• 8:13
  Ben Whitelaw: I think they are, you know, everyone thinks about, uh, internet speech and safety as about content moderation, about, as about policy, and product defaults are, you know, obviously one of the kind of blanket ways, one of the, kind of most impactful ways that you can change the way that a platform works and the way people be- behave on, platforms.
• 8:33
  Ben Whitelaw: And I'm gonna talk a bit about Meta.
• 8:35
  Ben Whitelaw: Do you remember last year when, Meta announced some changes to how they were doing teen defaults?
• 8:39
  Ben Whitelaw: we talked a bit about it on
• 8:40
  Mike Masnick: Yes, we did
• 8:42
  Ben Whitelaw: and this was a fairly big story at the time.
• 8:45
  Ben Whitelaw: they essentially rolled out, plans to, have a new teen experience that meant that content was more suitable for, teen users, users between kind of 13 and 18.
• 8:56
  Ben Whitelaw: And they were, piloting this in the UK and, the US, Australia, and Canada.
• 9:00
  Ben Whitelaw: this was a time when there was loads going on about teen safety.
• 9:03
  Ben Whitelaw: you had the Australia social media ban had been announced but not kind of enacted.
• 9:08
  Ben Whitelaw: That was gonna happen in, December, a few months later.
• 9:10
  Ben Whitelaw: The Online Safety Act was being enforced, and there was a big focus on, harming of children.
• 9:16
  Ben Whitelaw: You also had, our good friend Jonathan Haidt doing many, many interviews in the media about his book,"Anxious Generation." And so there was this kind of cacophony of, noise and pressure around child safety and particularly kind of Instagram's role in that, which has been long documented.
• 9:30
  Ben Whitelaw: well, this week Meta announced a plan to roll out that teen default to a larger audience, a more global audience, but also, onto its other platforms, onto Messenger and to the main Facebook experience.
• 9:43
  Ben Whitelaw: So it's not something that's got loads of attention, but it's gonna impact a significant number of users' experience on those three platforms, which we know are, are very widely used.
• 9:53
  Ben Whitelaw: I wanted to ask, Mike, did you come across this teen default?
• 9:57
  Ben Whitelaw: Did your kids kind of come to you and say,"Hey, I've, my, my experience on these platforms has changed"?
• 10:02
  Ben Whitelaw: I've
• 10:02
  Mike Masnick: No, I, I had not.
• 10:03
  Mike Masnick: I had, had not actually realized until a little bit afterwards that, this rollout had happened.
• 10:09
  Mike Masnick: I will note my, kids don't really use social media that much.
• 10:12
  Mike Masnick: They're not as, you know, beyond YouTube.
• 10:15
  Mike Masnick: YouTube is the experience that they, they enjoy.
• 10:18
  Mike Masnick: But, they're not big Instagram...
• 10:20
  Mike Masnick: They're certainly not Facebook users.
• 10:22
  Mike Masnick: Nobody is.
• 10:22
  Ben Whitelaw: yeah.
• 10:24
  Mike Masnick: But,
• 10:24
  Ben Whitelaw: that ship has sailed.
• 10:25
  Mike Masnick: yeah, yeah.
• 10:26
  Mike Masnick: But they're not real Instagram users, so we didn't hear anything about it, in terms of that, that aspect
• 10:31
  Ben Whitelaw: Fine.
• 10:32
  Ben Whitelaw: I was really interested in the kind of this announcement and the justification for rolling out this new experience to so many users globally.
• 10:38
  Ben Whitelaw: And I'm gonna talk a bit about the stress test that basically Meta ran.
• 10:43
  Ben Whitelaw: says it did a study, but as we'll talk about, it's not a particularly, academic one or very robust.
• 10:49
  Ben Whitelaw: And then I wanna talk about what I think it, kinda says about the nature of Meta and how it thinks about teen safety at the moment.
• 10:55
  Ben Whitelaw: So just to give you the background, Meta ran, it calls a study, with a company called Alice.
• 11:01
  Ben Whitelaw: Alice is a, a well-known trust and safety vendor technology company.
• 11:05
  Ben Whitelaw: It used to be called Active Fence.
• 11:07
  Ben Whitelaw: My sense, I don't know for sure, but I think they have a long-standing relationship with Meta.
• 11:12
  Ben Whitelaw: They have been a, vendor of Meta's, trust and safety team for a while, is my guess.
• 11:16
  Ben Whitelaw: they've worked with a lot of big platforms.
• 11:18
  Ben Whitelaw: And anyway, Meta worked with them on this study, to validate the teen default experience and whether it actually did the job of reducing harmful content in those teen accounts' feeds, but also in search and in reels and all those other different interfaces that you have on, on Instagram,'cause it's not just the feed.
• 11:36
  Ben Whitelaw: The way they did that was by creating 36 different accounts as 14-year-olds.
• 11:42
  Ben Whitelaw: Okay?
• 11:42
  Ben Whitelaw: So they created 12, with the kinda new teen default experience.
• 11:47
  Ben Whitelaw: they created 12 with Meta's limited content experience, which is something that it rolled out as well, which allowed parents to basically take a kinda stricter view of content that the teens saw on Instagram.
• 11:58
  Ben Whitelaw: And then it also created 12 accounts on what it calls a competing platform, which I'm assuming is TikTok.
• 12:05
  Ben Whitelaw: It's not, it's not mentioned, but my guess is that
• 12:08
  Mike Masnick: I, yeah, I, I was scouring the details to try and find any hint of who it would be, but the list is very short of who you could consider it to be, and, TikTok is the obvious one.
• 12:20
  Mike Masnick: So it's almost certainly TikTok, yeah.
• 12:22
  Mike Masnick: and I would, I would actually argue if it's not TikTok, then it's misleading.
• 12:28
  Ben Whitelaw: Yeah
• 12:28
  Mike Masnick: because in terms of similar experiences, there's really only TikTok, and anyone else, the context would be very different
• 12:35
  Ben Whitelaw: Agreed.
• 12:36
  Ben Whitelaw: Agreed.
• 12:36
  Ben Whitelaw: and so, so they created these accounts, and I think what they're trying to show is that this new teen default is both safer and more robust for teens than this unnamed competitor.
• 12:46
  Ben Whitelaw: So the fact that they don't name it is certainly kind of undercuts the reason for doing the research, I think.
• 12:51
  Ben Whitelaw: But nonetheless, they, they prime these accounts, by which they mean that they, try to get them to behave in different ways.
• 12:58
  Ben Whitelaw: So they, they follow certain accounts and they, get the accounts to, be either a kind of normal 14-year-old who likes sports or likes books or likes food, or they get the accounts to, they prime them to kind of seek out content that is less suitable for teenagers.
• 13:15
  Ben Whitelaw: And they, specify those different categories, suicide and self-harming, substance abuse, risky behaviors, sexually suggestive content.
• 13:23
  Ben Whitelaw: And so you have these kind of cohorts of different accounts that are essentially designed to act in different ways.
• 13:29
  Ben Whitelaw: And the study is then on the basis of that priming to see what content comes through on the feeds and in the search results.
• 13:38
  Ben Whitelaw: It's essentially kind of trying to audit the, algorithmic recommendations, of these new accounts, this new account status.
• 13:45
  Ben Whitelaw: And they view almost 17,000 pieces of content, Mike, and they categorize that content.
• 13:50
  Ben Whitelaw: They label it as either potentially mature or benign.
• 13:54
  Ben Whitelaw: And unsurprisingly, I don't think anybody will be that shocked to hear that the kind of key finding is that the prevalence of mature content of this new teen default kind of account is much less than the competitor.
• 14:09
  Ben Whitelaw: basically, the change has worked in terms of reducing the likelihood that a teen will come across, more adult content, and that's even more so if the account has been put into a limited content mode, i.e., a parent has kind of said you're gonna have a more restricted experience than the default.
• 14:29
  Ben Whitelaw: and the numbers, you know, are impressive, 68%, 96%.
• 14:33
  Ben Whitelaw: And that's the basis on which they basically rolled this new teen default out globally.
• 14:37
  Ben Whitelaw: So that, you know, you could say, Mike, th- this is, piece of work done fairly well, a company getting an external party to audit an experience before rolling it out.
• 14:48
  Ben Whitelaw: there's a, school of thought that says that this is Meta doing something right.
• 14:52
  Ben Whitelaw: Before I kind of give you my maybe more cynical take, what, what did, what is your sense on the numbers and the kind of methodology side of things?
• 15:00
  Mike Masnick: I mean, I, I do think it's interesting, right?
• 15:02
  Mike Masnick: I mean, I think, you know, one of the things that, uh, I imagine most listeners to this podcast recognize is that is not that companies don't take child safety seriously at all, that There are certainly people within these companies, there may be questions about priorities and resource allocation and all that kind of stuff, but there are people within all these companies who do look seriously at how do we, limit the potential for any harm related to children or, or for any users.
• 15:27
  Mike Masnick: That is the entire purpose of a trust and safety role.
• 15:31
  Mike Masnick: And so difficulty is in, know, some of those other questions around resource allocation and, pri-prioritization and how do these things impact other aspects, and also in the fact that it is a very complex topic area where decisions are not clear-cut and, doing one thing helps in some ways and harms another, and as we always say, includes trade-offs, right?
• 15:55
  Mike Masnick: So each one of these decisions includes trade-offs.
• 15:58
  Mike Masnick: But it's, it is interesting to me to see how the different companies think about these things and how they approach them.
• 16:04
  Mike Masnick: And so I found this interesting to just as a thought process and as a, a mental experiment to, like, how would you actually measure these things.
• 16:12
  Mike Masnick: It's interesting to see the methodology that Alice came up with and how they implemented it and tried it out.
• 16:18
  Mike Masnick: I am not convinced that it is the most effective or that it is, particularly telling in terms of what impact it will actually have on safety versus what safety story they can tell to regulators and to the media, which I think is sort of, kind of the overriding part of it.
• 16:38
  Mike Masnick: but there are interesting things in here, and I'm not s- trying to dismiss the entire study entirely.
• 16:42
  Mike Masnick: it's interesting to see how they went about it and the different choices that they made, but they are choices, and you would get different results if you made different choices within that process.
• 16:51
  Ben Whitelaw: Yeah, agreed.
• 16:52
  Ben Whitelaw: And, you know, there's, I guess, a world in which the report isn't published for us to read.
• 16:57
  Mike Masnick: Yep.
• 16:57
  Ben Whitelaw: maybe, the partner, in this case Alice, that they worked with isn't named, and it becomes even more of a, black box decision, w- which would not be a great thing.
• 17:06
  Ben Whitelaw: but yeah, I agree with you that there's those headline numbers of the, the kind of reduction in prevalence of, content in Instagram that might affect teen users is what, was kind of announced.
• 17:18
  Ben Whitelaw: It's what they're gonna go to the press and, and try to kind of, share as a story.
• 17:21
  Ben Whitelaw: It's what they're going to talk to regulators about.
• 17:23
  Ben Whitelaw: we did this piece of work in October last year.
• 17:25
  Ben Whitelaw: It's had this material impact, this third party says so.
• 17:29
  Ben Whitelaw: there's a couple of parts that I struggle with a little bit.
• 17:31
  Ben Whitelaw: One really interesting aspect, which I, I'm sure you will have thoughts on, is the movie ratings element of this study.
• 17:39
  Ben Whitelaw: So as well as kind of comparing, the prevalence of mature content on Instagram to this unnamed platform, it also does so to films.
• 17:49
  Ben Whitelaw: It, it, it kind of draws that distinction between content on social media and content in films, and it does that by scraping a lot of data and comments from IMDb.
• 17:59
  Ben Whitelaw: I won't go into the exact details, but it's an attempt essentially to s- say that social media content isn't really as bad or, or it's actually n- no worse than content that people are letting their children see of 13-plus films.
• 18:14
  Ben Whitelaw: this is something that goes back to the announcement back in October, where there was this feeling that talking about social media content in the way that we talk about films gives people a framing that they understand.
• 18:24
  Ben Whitelaw: Parents know that when they see a film that's 13-plus or 15 or 18 or where- whatever it is in the US, I forget, they're kind of clear on, the decisions that they're making as to whether they allow their child to watch this content.
• 18:36
  Ben Whitelaw: Maybe social media could do something similar and alleviate some of the pressures the platforms are, are facing.
• 18:41
  Ben Whitelaw: the Alice report goes back to that idea in a fairly unconvincing way, by scraping lots of data from IMDb and trying to, to kinda make that distinction again.
• 18:50
  Ben Whitelaw: What did you make of that?
• 18:51
  Ben Whitelaw: Did, how did you, how did that feel to you?
• 18:54
  Mike Masnick: I mean, there are a couple things.
• 18:54
  Mike Masnick: So one, if you remember when, when they first announced this plan, they actually used the framing of the movie rating system and called it PG-13, which is what the US rating is for, recommended that you be at least 13 to see the content.
• 19:08
  Mike Masnick: And the, Motion Picture Association, the MPA, got very upset about this, and there was a lot of back and forth, and eventually there was a settlement of some kind that, Meta would not use that framing of PG-13.
• 19:21
  Mike Masnick: And in fact, in their release on this announcement, even though they, they just talk about 13 plus, not PG-13, there is this note at the bottom that, uh, there's a lot of differences between social media and movies, and we didn't work with the MPA when updating our content settings.
• 19:37
  Mike Masnick: And basically like, you know, we've made it clear, like we are not associated with it, which is kind of funny.
• 19:42
  Mike Masnick: But I, you know, I think as we pointed out, at the time when that first came out and they used this sort of PG-13 rating, it's like that is a very different context.
• 19:50
  Mike Masnick: and I don't think it applies, and I think, you know, sort of going back to it here, other than to try and associate to make that connection in the minds of parents or, or media or regulators that, okay, we let teenagers see some content that is a little bit more mature because we have these movie rating systems.
• 20:10
  Mike Masnick: You know, other than that, it just feels really irrelevant.
• 20:13
  Mike Masnick: Like it's, it's such a different context and it's such different types of content that, the only purpose in sort of going back to the movie example is just to like prime people to believe like, well, we recognize that there's different kinds of content that teenagers can be able to see, even if younger people we don't think is appropriate for them.
• 20:32
  Mike Masnick: But other than that, like it just feels different, and it just doesn't feel like a useful comparison beyond the, the simple priming aspect of it.
• 20:41
  Ben Whitelaw: Yeah.
• 20:41
  Ben Whitelaw: Whether the Motion Picture Association keen for it or not, I don't think it works as you say, but the fact that they, they squashed it pretty quickly, I think made that, decision for them.
• 20:52
  Ben Whitelaw: So, so there is that element which feels odd, and I would, recommend listeners going and if they have time, digging into the methodology there.
• 20:58
  Ben Whitelaw: There's a lot of interesting kind of nuance.
• 21:00
  Ben Whitelaw: The other part was, what happens after, Alice came up with the data and, and basically figured out that there were some opportunities for Meta to improve.
• 21:09
  Ben Whitelaw: they highlighted essentially two areas that, Meta should address, and one of those was that there was a, a bunch of 18 plus accounts that these teen default accounts could access still.
• 21:22
  Ben Whitelaw: no one really understands how.
• 21:24
  Ben Whitelaw: Apparently it was due to a kind of model error, it was described as.
• 21:27
  Ben Whitelaw: And so, you know, if you're 14, you can see accounts that are 18 plus, that's obviously not good.
• 21:33
  Ben Whitelaw: And so Meta very quickly closed that loophole.
• 21:36
  Ben Whitelaw: There's also a kind of, they identified a policy gap around what's called car surfing.
• 21:41
  Ben Whitelaw: I never knew you could surf a car, Mike, but apparently it's, it's a big thing
• 21:45
  Mike Masnick: thing.
• 21:45
  Mike Masnick: It is a thing.
• 21:46
  Mike Masnick: I, I was aware of it.
• 21:49
  Ben Whitelaw: Are you a, you a regular car surfer?
• 21:51
  Mike Masnick: I, I am not.
• 21:52
  Mike Masnick: and I would recommend to our listeners that you do not engage in couchsurfing.
• 21:56
  Mike Masnick: It is a very stupid and very dangerous practice.
• 21:58
  Ben Whitelaw: Don't say you heard it, about it here.
• 22:00
  Ben Whitelaw: but, but, you know, h- having seen obviously a bunch of content being recommended to these 14-year-old accounts, Alice was able to say,"You should, you should create a policy that doesn't allow these users to see this content," and Meta quickly closed that loophole.
• 22:15
  Ben Whitelaw: Now, that's, again, a positive reaction from a platform in response to new information and data, and you could see it as such.
• 22:22
  Ben Whitelaw: However, if I was, for example, the oversight board, Mike, the, you know, Supreme Court-style, content moderation group of experts who frequently engage with Meta and who, provide recommendations on the platform, I would be pretty annoyed about the fact that Meta have made some changes in relation to their own data, but not to stuff that the oversight board have, brought to them.
• 22:45
  Ben Whitelaw: Similarly with other, third-party organizations like the out-of-court dispute settlement bodies, which are, part of the regulation in Europe.
• 22:55
  Ben Whitelaw: They're frequently saying,"Meta is not engaging with us as much as we'd like on, some of these key topics." and here we have, Meta making some very swift changes to data that they've commissioned for themselves.
• 23:08
  Ben Whitelaw: So I think there's a slight double standard here, Mike, when it comes to changes that Meta is making, in relation to data that they have commissioned or that, you know, these very close party vendors have brought to them, and less so with these bodies like the oversight board who are trying to make changes on the platform but struggling to, get the engagement they'd like.
• 23:26
  Mike Masnick: Yeah, I mean, I, I think th-this is the interesting thing, right?
• 23:29
  Mike Masnick: So you have the oversight board in particular, which is staffed by a bunch of human rights experts and people who have thought deeply about these things and have sort of deep philosophical, careful takes on, you know, how do we balance different interests of different people.
• 23:42
  Mike Masnick: That is a very different situation than Meta going out, hiring a company and saying, basically, Do this, particular safety audit to effectively say that what we're doing is, is working." and this sort of gets at one of the things in looking at this overall report that gets, to a, deeper issue where you can say,"Okay, we reduced, access to this content by X percentage or whatever." There's no indication of did that stop any actual harm?
• 24:10
  Mike Masnick: th-because there's a question of seeing this content, accessing this content, and the actual impact on harm, and also, like, if you're blocking this content, are you also blocking other content, right?
• 24:19
  Mike Masnick: I mean, the trade-off situation comes up all the time where we're talking about, the example often is with suicide-related content.
• 24:27
  Mike Masnick: if somebody's looking for resources, are you giving them help, or are you just cutting them off entirely, which could make situations worse?
• 24:34
  Mike Masnick: We have none of that sort of thoughtful analysis.
• 24:37
  Mike Masnick: That's the kind of thing where, outside experts could look at these things and, explore the trade-offs.
• 24:42
  Mike Masnick: This report doesn't do that.
• 24:43
  Mike Masnick: It just comes up with a,"We reduced access to this amount of content," without then any further analysis in terms of what is the actual impact of that.
• 24:52
  Mike Masnick: And so in that sense, when you look at it that way, you say, this report Even though there may be some impact on safety, we don't know that from this report.
• 25:00
  Mike Masnick: We know it reduced access to this content.
• 25:03
  Mike Masnick: Does that actually increase safety?
• 25:04
  Mike Masnick: We don't know.
• 25:06
  Mike Masnick: and that would be a more interesting look, and that's something where an outside body that has other types of expertise, I think would be more interesting.
• 25:14
  Mike Masnick: And that's why this feels like even though there, there are some interesting things here, and it could lead to a safer platform, we don't know that from this data and this report, and that's why it feels more like a PR exercise than a real safety exercise.
• 25:28
  Ben Whitelaw: Yeah.
• 25:29
  Ben Whitelaw: Agreed.
• 25:29
  Ben Whitelaw: And it's not even comparison to a pre-October 2025 benchmark, there's no,"We did this back in October before we launched teen defaults, and this is what it looks like now." It's comparing kind of apples with oranges in a way.
• 25:45
  Ben Whitelaw: It's, It's looking at the kind of prevalence of a completely different platform
• 25:49
  Mike Masnick: With completely different standards and again, because I don't even name the platform, again, we're sort of assuming that it's TikTok.
• 25:54
  Mike Masnick: But, if you wanted to goose the numbers, like pick X as the competitor platform, right?
• 26:00
  Mike Masnick: Like you could pick a platform to make the Meta numbers look better if you wanted to.
• 26:04
  Mike Masnick: And I'm not saying that they necessarily did that, but there's a limited number of platforms, and you can make choices that would impact these numbers greatly
• 26:11
  Ben Whitelaw: Yeah, agree.
• 26:13
  Ben Whitelaw: so yeah, so that, that was my big interesting story this week.
• 26:16
  Ben Whitelaw: I think, you know, product defaults not always interesting, not always sexy, but I think in this case, the data we have about it made it a little bit more interesting, I, think, than
• 26:24
  Mike Masnick: I, do think it will be worth watching, right?
• 26:26
  Mike Masnick: If they're rolling this out more broadly, let's find out what the actual impact is, and there should be more data going forward, and hopefully it means that also outside researchers, academic researchers at universities and elsewhere can now do some comparative, research themselves on the data that is available to people outside.
• 26:43
  Mike Masnick: It's a little bit more difficult obviously if you're outside.
• 26:46
  Mike Masnick: But we do have a sort of before and after, and maybe we'll see some other evidence show up somewhere else as well.
• 26:52
  Ben Whitelaw: Yeah, for sure.
• 26:53
  Ben Whitelaw: so we're, gonna, as with our new format, Mike, talk about, our second big story in the Patreon episode, which was, it's coming up.
• 27:01
  Ben Whitelaw: Before we do so, we wanted to run through a couple of eye-catching stories that we, both spotted that we found interesting.
• 27:07
  Ben Whitelaw: And, uh, talking of Meta, uh, you wanted you wanted to bring about, uh, a story that doesn't necessarily reflect that well on its use
• 27:14
  Mike Masnick: Yeah.
• 27:15
  Mike Masnick: Uh, so this, this story made the rounds this week.
• 27:18
  Mike Masnick: you know, it was sort of noticed over the weekend that a couple of high-profile Instagram accounts were hacked, including the Obama White House account, and the chief master sergeant of the US Space Force,'cause now we have a Space Force, Ben.
• 27:32
  Mike Masnick: and
• 27:33
  Ben Whitelaw: About ti- about time, I'd say.
• 27:34
  Mike Masnick: about time, yeah.
• 27:35
  Mike Masnick: and y- y- what came out was that effectively, Meta has been relying more and more on AI tools for a variety of things, and one of those is for customer support, and that's not unique.
• 27:46
  Mike Masnick: Lots of companies are experimenting with these things.
• 27:49
  Mike Masnick: But, you know, apparently they've given that, AI-powered customer service, tremendous power, and some people figured out, and it was apparently making the rounds in various hacker circles on Telegram, that you could trick the AI customer support at Meta in ways that would effectively allow you to take over an account.
• 28:09
  Mike Masnick: The full methods, reporters are being pretty good about hiding it.
• 28:13
  Mike Masnick: I've read a few different articles on it.
• 28:15
  Mike Masnick: The one I really liked is the KrebsOnSecurity, because I think he's always very thorough and, and thoughtful in, in his writeup on things.
• 28:22
  Mike Masnick: But effectively, what you do is you use a VPN to show up at an IP address that is in a similar location as that account would normally be, because apparently there is some geographical check.
• 28:35
  Mike Masnick: and you convince the AI through a f- a prompt injection that you need to change the email address that is associated with the account, and then you change it to one that you control, and then you can reset the password because you have the email address, and you can, take over the account that way.
• 28:53
  Mike Masnick: That is really bad.
• 28:56
  Mike Masnick: There's no two ways about it.
• 28:57
  Mike Masnick: and there's lots of talk about how with AI systems the big risk is prompt injection, which is, it's sort of the modern version of what used to be called social engineering, except instead of tricking a human being into doing what you want, you're tricking an AI, and there are tricks that, work.
• 29:13
  Mike Masnick: these are systems that are not determinative, and you can figure out ways to, effectively jailbreak their controls and get around them, and in this case, it feels like this one should be a f- fairly obvious one to make sure it's locked down, and Meta failed to do so.
• 29:29
  Mike Masnick: But it, you know, this certainly raises on the trust and safety angle, as people are rolling out more and more of these AI tools to do different things, figuring out how to really thoroughly lock them down and have guardrails against this stuff, you know, especially against prompt injection, within a customer service arena, becomes a bigger and bigger deal.
• 29:50
  Ben Whitelaw: And it's not as if those accounts are easy to get back.
• 29:53
  Ben Whitelaw: You know, if in, non-AI, hacking situations if you just lose your account or, you know, there's a, an old-fashioned hacker who's, who's managed to, use social engineering to get access to your account, it's really tough actually to, get your account back.
• 30:06
  Ben Whitelaw: It's happened to me once, and we talked about it before, Meta doesn't have a very good kind of customer support service So if it's gonna happen at a scale that we've never seen before,
• 30:16
  Mike Masnick: And in theory, right, I mean, that's, why the, the use of AI as customer service itself is interesting because, you know, the technology industry has never been particularly good at customer service.
• 30:26
  Mike Masnick: I used to joke about how Google's customer service was just like a giant white monolith.
• 30:31
  Mike Masnick: Like, there was no way to reach anybody there ever, if you had a problem.
• 30:35
  Mike Masnick: They've-- I think they've gotten much better about that over the years, but same thing, customer service has never been a focus of the, big internet companies certainly.
• 30:43
  Mike Masnick: And so there is a world in which you look at this and you say,"Oh, well, this is interesting," because they can effectively staff up their customer service so that customer service can actually be more responsive because the AI can take on the work that they didn't have human staffing to do before.
• 30:57
  Mike Masnick: But it has to work, and it has to be secure, and if you can do something that feels as obviously bad as this, it suggests that they haven't really thought through the guardrails of how the AI within the customer service realm should be working.
• 31:12
  Ben Whitelaw: Yeah, I agree.
• 31:13
  Ben Whitelaw: a little bit worrying, but yeah.
• 31:15
  Ben Whitelaw: part of the course right now.
• 31:17
  Ben Whitelaw: Everyone can have their accounts taken over at any given time.
• 31:20
  Ben Whitelaw: keep an eye out, everyone.
• 31:21
  Ben Whitelaw: I was gonna talk a bit about an FT story, Mike, but w- I wanna, I wanna jump to, probably the, big, narrative on the internet this week, I'd say.
• 31:29
  Ben Whitelaw: I'll include the FT story in, in the show notes.
• 31:31
  Ben Whitelaw: It's a kind of interesting story that builds on, on what you've been talking about, about AI.
• 31:34
  Ben Whitelaw: But we wanna spend a few minutes about this Lego dispute.
• 31:39
  Ben Whitelaw: I'll be honest, when you brought this to me, earlier today and said,"This is what I wanna talk about," I was like,"What the hell is bricks and minifigs?" I'd completely not paid attention to this whatsoever, and your-- luckily, your very long article on Techdirt helped give me some background.
• 31:55
  Ben Whitelaw: But break it down for us and talk a bit about the kind of online speech aspect.
• 31:59
  Mike Masnick: again, let's be clear.
• 32:00
  Mike Masnick: this is one of our shorter stories.
• 32:01
  Mike Masnick: To accurately explain all of the details here would take more than I think we've ever recorded.
• 32:09
  Mike Masnick: So much of the discussion is also happening in really long YouTube videos, and competing videos and different viewpoints.
• 32:16
  Mike Masnick: There is a huge mess here, most of which we are not going to talk about.
• 32:19
  Mike Masnick: So I'm going to skip over and, get past a whole bunch of things.
• 32:23
  Mike Masnick: There is an underlying dispute which went completely mega viral all across the internet.
• 32:29
  Mike Masnick: My kids are reach-- they're talking to me about it, which is like, to give you a sense of, like, how far this has spread, of a guy in Oregon who had-- his father actually had collected over a period of decades, a very large and fairly valuable collection of Star Wars Lego kits.
• 32:48
  Mike Masnick: and they decided to sell it off to help for the grandkids' college, and they went to a store called Bricks Minifigs, which is a franchise operation.
• 32:56
  Mike Masnick: There's a whole bunch of them where you can buy and sell different Lego pieces.
• 33:00
  Mike Masnick: I had not been aware of its existence prior to a couple weeks ago, but they have about 300 stores, around the US mainly.
• 33:07
  Ben Whitelaw: I'm glad it's not just me
• 33:09
  Mike Masnick: I'm not as big into the Lego world, I guess.
• 33:11
  Mike Masnick: But anyways, it's, it's a, a You know, there are series of stores and you can buy and sell your Legos, but this was a, a deal, it was a consignment deal, which is, you know, technically he still owns it, they're selling it on his behalf, and they had advertised it, and there was a whole big thing.
• 33:23
  Mike Masnick: There was a, big issue where the franchise owners who had signed this consignment deal wanted to get out of their store and wanted to either sell it or shut it down or whatever, and skipping over a whole bunch of, partially important details, the Bricks and Minifigs corporate showed up, took over the store with almost no notice.
• 33:44
  Mike Masnick: Literally showed up, kicked the people out of the store, demanded the keys, and said,"We're taking over." and caught on video, the owner says,"Well, I have this big consignment with all these Legos, and I owe this guy money.
• 33:58
  Mike Masnick: It's not ours.
• 33:59
  Mike Masnick: It's not our inventory." And they said, you know, like,"It's okay.
• 34:02
  Mike Masnick: We're-- We'll accept it, and we'll take on that liability," and then basically said,"No, these bricks are ours." There's a whole bunch more that has happened, and there were threats of lawsuits and this and that but basically, the, the company was trying to get away with taking the, the remaining Legos.
• 34:17
  Mike Masnick: Then enter another Ben, not you, but a a, a Ben named Ben Schneider, who has a YouTube account called Reckless Ben, who does these sort of crazy stunt things.
• 34:29
  Mike Masnick: in my mind, they're a little bit cringey, but he goes to extreme lengths to expose things, and I think his heart is in the right place.
• 34:37
  Mike Masnick: Uh, his brain may not be.
• 34:41
  Mike Masnick: And so he found out, yeah, he found out about this story, and he was just like,"I'm gonna get back these Legos," and then went to extraordinary lengths.
• 34:49
  Mike Masnick: I mean, th-this is where, you know, he I-I'm not gonna get into any of the details of this at all, but at one point, he registers a fake religion, sets up a lottery system, sets up multiple other companies, sets up a franchising system for his other companies, prints fake signs.
• 35:07
  Mike Masnick: he's based in LA, I think, or Southern California somewhere.
• 35:10
  Mike Masnick: He goes up to Oregon multiple times.
• 35:11
  Mike Masnick: He goes to Utah multiple times.
• 35:14
  Mike Masnick: He confronts people.
• 35:15
  Mike Masnick: He, sets up fake contracts.
• 35:18
  Mike Masnick: there are layers upon layers upon layers, all of which is too much to get into.
• 35:24
  Mike Masnick: So it went viral about a week ago because of his videos and it also turns out he gets arrested multiple times, he gets backed off by police, all these things.
• 35:34
  Mike Masnick: There are now state lawsuits in Utah mainly that have been filed.
• 35:38
  Mike Masnick: There've been a whole bunch of small claims lawsuits that have been filed.
• 35:40
  Mike Masnick: But let's get to the, the online speech component of this
• 35:44
  Ben Whitelaw: Okay.
• 35:45
  Ben Whitelaw: I'm, I'm ready for it.
• 35:45
  Ben Whitelaw: I'm, I'm excited
• 35:47
  Mike Masnick: which is...
• 35:48
  Mike Masnick: Well, first of all, the aspect that, something bad definitely happened here, and the guy who was the victim, the, the original owner of the Lego sets, had really no recourse, and that comes out very clearly.
• 35:59
  Mike Masnick: He sort of went to lawyers, and they basically said,"It would be more expensive for us to help you than y- we would get back from the company." and so the only remedy was this online speech aspect, that someone as crazy as Reckless Ben would go do reckless things, and draw attention to it.
• 36:17
  Mike Masnick: And that is fascinating because it's, it's a different thing that, you know, the way the world works today.
• 36:22
  Mike Masnick: The ability of a random, wacky, sort of cringey YouTuber to draw attention to something is fascinating, and to actually make change in the world, I think is, is really fascinating.
• 36:33
  Ben Whitelaw: Yeah, we're not past that point, are we?
• 36:34
  Ben Whitelaw: Like, I thought that was something that was kind of prevalent 15 years ago maybe on the internet, but we-- And I thought maybe it wasn't, didn't exist anymore, but, but no.
• 36:41
  Ben Whitelaw: But Breakfast Ben has shown us it's
• 36:43
  Mike Masnick: it is totally possible and, and as I was mentioning to you before, like now this has just become a, competing series of YouTube videos and my YouTube algorithm is now completely overtaken with videos about this, this account.
• 36:55
  Mike Masnick: Then the final point is that because the different lawsuits have been filed, there's a big one in Utah which was filed by the Bricks and Minifigs Corporate against Ben and co-conspirators.
• 37:06
  Mike Masnick: It's a, a RICO conspiracy case among other things.
• 37:10
  Mike Masnick: and they were able to get a temporary restraining order which is way too broad and clearly violates the First Amendment and it orders a bunch of things that are potentially legitimate.
• 37:20
  Mike Masnick: Ben has to stay away from some of the people involved.
• 37:22
  Mike Masnick: He can't trespass on their properties, so all of these kinds of things.
• 37:26
  Mike Masnick: But it also requires him to take down all of his videos and to shut down his Patreon account.
• 37:31
  Mike Masnick: And so the lawyers, which is a big time law firm, Dentons, for the Bricks and Minifigs Corporate, they sent these temporary restraining orders to, I believe, YouTube and to Patreon.
• 37:43
  Mike Masnick: We don't know...
• 37:44
  Mike Masnick: The videos are still up, so clearly YouTube didn't take them down.
• 37:47
  Mike Masnick: But Patreon, Patreon CEO Jack Conte put out a video.
• 37:51
  Mike Masnick: It's a 50-second video, and it's so good that I'm gonna just, we're gonna play it right now
• 37:57
  CLIP: Jack Conte: Dear creator community, my name is Jack Conte, and I'm the CEO and co-founder of Patreon.
• 38:02
  CLIP: Jack Conte: On May 29th, Patreon received an official takedown request filed by Bricks and Minifigs for media and accounts related to Reckless Ben and an ongoing dispute regarding a local Lego consignment issue.
• 38:14
  CLIP: Jack Conte: This is the verified complaint with exhibits.
• 38:17
  CLIP: Jack Conte: This is the request for immediate content removal pursuant to temporary restraining order, and this is the motion for the temporary restraining order and preliminary injunction.
• 38:26
  CLIP: Jack Conte: So after an extensive review and investigation by Patreon's trust and safety team, we have in fact unfortunately determined that Bricks and Minifigs can stuff it.
• 38:37
  CLIP: Jack Conte: We're keeping Ben's page up, and if Bricks and Minifigs doesn't like that, they can sue us.
• 38:42
  CLIP: Jack Conte: Patreon out.
• 38:44
  Mike Masnick: so if you heard that video, that is Jack Conte, CEO of Patreon, basically saying,"Yes, we received this," and as you heard, telling Pricks and Minifigs to stuff it
• 38:54
  Ben Whitelaw: yeah.
• 38:55
  Ben Whitelaw: Go, go suck it.
• 38:56
  Mike Masnick: Yeah.
• 38:56
  Mike Masnick: I mean, it is fascinating to, one, sort of join in in the, sort of viral video aspect of this, but, like, there is a real legal thing to this, which is he's right.
• 39:06
  Mike Masnick: if they want Patreon to be required to take down a temporary restraining order, he's not a party to the lawsuit.
• 39:11
  Mike Masnick: So the only way he gets to be a party to the lawsuit is if they sue, and he tells them, like,"Yeah, you, if you wanna sue us, go ahead and sue us." and so this is why things like Section 230 exist, to say, you know, the, you're protected.
• 39:24
  Mike Masnick: You can't be forced to remove content unless, you're a party to the lawsuit and then other things have to happen.
• 39:29
  Mike Masnick: The First Amendment protects the speech, and you can't do this sort of prior restraint of saying, like,"You are required to take this down." And so despite all the other crazy things involved, at the heart of this, this is an internet speech case.
• 39:42
  Ben Whitelaw: Yeah.
• 39:43
  Ben Whitelaw: And it's good to see actually a CEO come out, and, I suppose essentially kind of back what is essentially a trust and safety decision, right?
• 39:49
  Ben Whitelaw: So to kind of publicly and vocally explain, maybe not explain the dec- the decision-making behind it, but at least, pin the kind of colors to the mast as to say,"We're not taking this down.
• 39:59
  Ben Whitelaw: This is, too broad, this is unnecessary, and we back ourselves to, that we're on the right side here." That doesn't often happen.
• 40:05
  Ben Whitelaw: You know, CEOs often kind of hide in the shadows when making such decisions.
• 40:09
  Ben Whitelaw: So, you know, fair play to the CEO of Patreon we, Mike, have come to the kind of end of the regular episode of"Controllable Speech." This episode is, will always be available to listeners on all the major podcast platforms.
• 40:23
  Ben Whitelaw: we are now going to segue neatly into the extended version of"Controllable Speech," the, the plus version, the, the extended part of it.
• 40:30
  Ben Whitelaw: And Mike and I are gonna go deep into his latest essay, which builds on a lot of his work that he's been doing over tech, over many years, and is a kind of, I would say like a kind of descendant essay of your"Platforms Not Protocols," paper that you wrote, which we can talk a bit more
• 40:45
  Mike Masnick: and specifically about sort of the impact on centralized systems and democracy.
• 40:50
  Mike Masnick: So broadening it out beyond just like the impact on social media, but rather society at large, and why the architecture of platforms matter for society and democratic values.
• 41:02
  Mike Masnick: And so, I think we'll, we'll have a good deeper discussion on that
• 41:05
  Ben Whitelaw: Yeah, and before we just, we go over to that episode, Mike, just explain how it came about, uh, think people might be interested in a bit of that
• 41:11
  Mike Masnick: Yeah, th-this is published on liberalism.org, which is a relatively new, you know, online website that is focused on sort of liberal values is the, is the concept.
• 41:21
  Mike Masnick: And they had reached out to me a few months ago and said,"Would you write something on decentralization and democracy?" Was basically the framing that they gave me.
• 41:29
  Mike Masnick: And I said,"Sure, I'll have something for you next week." And that was three months ago.
• 41:33
  Mike Masnick: it turns out that writing this piece has-- it w-was really...
• 41:38
  Mike Masnick: Uh, I went deep to actually write it.
• 41:40
  Mike Masnick: And the more that I wrote, the more I realized, like, Oh, I have a lot to say here, and it's, it's a difficult one to get out in the right way." And so I wrote it, and I rewrote it, and I wrote it again, and I...
• 41:52
  Mike Masnick: At one point, it was up around 5,000 words.
• 41:54
  Mike Masnick: The final piece is about 2,500, so I cut out a lot.
• 41:57
  Mike Masnick: it was a, a, struggle to get this piece into the shape that it's in, but I'm very, very proud of the end result, which I think I've been hearing from a lot of people.
• 42:05
  Mike Masnick: I think it's a, it's a useful way of thinking about the internet and the infrastructure that we build and what that means for our society.
• 42:13
  Ben Whitelaw: Okay, great.
• 42:14
  Ben Whitelaw: Let's get into the details.
• 42:17
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• 42:21
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• 42:28
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• 42:31
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• 42:38
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