“Shall” and “Will”: Promise, Prediction, and Determination in the English Bible
Deep Dive into “Shall” and “Will”: Promise, Prediction, and Determination in the English Bible
The two sources explore the function of the English auxiliaries "shall" and "will" across biblical translations, examining how these modal verbs express divine promise, prophetic prediction, and human determination. The first essay focuses on Psalm 23, illustrating how older English translations convey trust and resolve through expressions like "I shall not want" and "I will fear no evil". It demonstrates that while historical English usage distinguished between obligation and volition, early modern…
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