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The Khorezmian Campaign: Genghis Khan's Revenge on the Silk Road
In 1218, a Mongol trade caravan arrived at the border of the Khorezmian Empire, then the dominant power in Central Asia. Its governor, Inalchuq, accused the merchants of espionage and had them executed. Genghis Khan, seeking diplomacy, sent an envoy demanding compensation. The Khorezmian shah, Muhammad II, responded by beheading the Mongol ambassador. What followed was one of the most devastating military campaigns in history. This episode explores the Khorezmian campaign of 1219–1221: the Mongol invasion that shattered the Silk Road's greatest empire. We discuss the strategic genius of…
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