Latest / Becker’s Healthcare Podcast / Anish Desai on AI, Healthcare Disruption and the Future of Physician Practice
Transcript
- 0:02- The strategic agenda facing hospital and health system
- 0:04- leaders right now is not a short list.
- 0:07- Growth in a consolidating market, sustainable margins in
- 0:09- a reimbursement environment that rarely moves in your
- 0:12- favor,
- 0:12- a tech investment cycle that demands both urgency
- 0:15- and discipline,
- 0:16- and a workforce story that is still being
- 0:19- written.
- 0:20- Eker's fourteenth annual CEO CFO roundtable brings together
- 0:23- more than 1,500 executive level attendees and nearly
- 0:27- 400 speakers across four days of sessions that
- 0:30- are designed to help c suite leaders benchmark,
- 0:32- pressure test, and sharpen their priorities.
- 0:35- Not in the abstract, but against the real
- 0:37- decisions they'll face heading into the next year.
- 0:39- It's the kind of event you leave with
- 0:40- a clear sense of where you stand and
- 0:42- what comes next.
- 0:44- So join us November second through the fifth
- 0:46- at the Hyatt Regency in Chicago,
- 0:48- and come ready to do the hard thinking.
- 0:50- Register on our events page at beckershospitalreview.com
- 0:54- by clicking on the events tab in the
- 0:56- upper right.
- 0:58- This is Scott Becker with the Beckers Healthcare
- 1:00- Podcast. I'm thrilled today to be joined by
- 1:03- a brilliant hospitalist
- 1:05- who's also a digital health thinker and advisor.
- 1:08- He runs a fantastic
- 1:10- podcast called the Underdog Physician. Probably nothing more
- 1:13- important today than taking care of underdog physicians
- 1:15- and trying to grow
- 1:17- the strength of our physician community.
- 1:19- Doctor Desai, Anish Desai, so thrilled to have
- 1:21- you with us today. Tell us a bit
- 1:23- about your background and and what you do.
- 1:26- Scott, thank you for this opportunity.
- 1:28- Pleasure to be on your podcast.
- 1:30- I'm a board certified internal medicine physician and
- 1:33- a practicing hospitalist,
- 1:34- as well as, as you mentioned, the host
- 1:36- of the Underdog Physician podcast.
- 1:38- In the clinical setting, I manage acute complex
- 1:42- inpatient populations on the hospital floors.
- 1:45- Through my podcast, the Underdog Physician Podcast, the
- 1:48- goal really is to spotlight
- 1:50- spotlight
- 1:51- health care trailblazers
- 1:53- who are stepping outside
- 1:55- the traditional roles to build innovative care models,
- 1:59- launch health tech solutions, and reclaim
- 2:02- some of that physician,
- 2:05- leverage that comes with the rigorous training that
- 2:08- they have in building innovative health solutions.
- 2:12- So so thank you. It seems to me
- 2:15- that every day,
- 2:16- not within all the challenges in the health
- 2:18- system, and partially because of them,
- 2:21- I'm finding examples of innovations.
- 2:23- For example, a a family member
- 2:26- just recently
- 2:27- reached out a day or two ago, said
- 2:30- she can't get her iron infusion through the
- 2:32- nutritional health system. That's she can't get it.
- 2:35- That's being delayed to the pharmacy. It's being
- 2:38- delayed through insurance.
- 2:39- It just is a morass
- 2:41- and has become really challenging.
- 2:43- Going vacation soon, needs the iron fusions to
- 2:46- feel better,
- 2:47- can't get in till mid September or so.
- 2:51- And she asked, what could she do? And
- 2:52- I said, well, I can't reach out to
- 2:53- the CEO on that and bother him about
- 2:55- that. But have you tried private
- 2:58- infusion,
- 2:59- you know, centers and stuff like that?
- 3:01- Sure enough,
- 3:02- a small percentage of the cost, she was
- 3:04- able to get that scheduled right away and
- 3:07- is getting that done right away through just
- 3:09- a different innovative disruptive way of taking care
- 3:12- of it. Now the downside is she's gotta
- 3:14- pay for it, but the cost was so
- 3:16- inexpensive comparatively that it's worth paying for.
- 3:19- But it seems like there's so much disruption
- 3:20- going on that maybe doesn't get enough attention,
- 3:23- and I I see it so often now.
- 3:26- Things moving at rapid pace that are making
- 3:28- a difference and a lot of by necessity.
- 3:30- What are you seeing, doctor Desai? What changes
- 3:32- are you seeing? What disruptions are you seeing?
- 3:34- You interview a ton of people. What is
- 3:36- the most interesting use case or examples you're
- 3:38- seeing of disruption going on?
- 3:40- Yeah. Absolutely, Scott. So, you know, I think
- 3:43- you highlighted,
- 3:44- you know, few key points,
- 3:46- which is you know, one of which is,
- 3:48- you know, the stand alone
- 3:50- ambulatory infusion centers, AIC,
- 3:53- which is something that we've been seeing,
- 3:55- you know, more and more of because it
- 3:57- improves
- 3:58- speed of access. Right? Cost comparison facility fees
- 4:01- are much more,
- 4:03- manageable.
- 4:04- You know, I guess
- 4:06- the the the real premise of that is,
- 4:08- you know, I think it it varies for
- 4:10- patients who are evaluating whether to self pay
- 4:12- for that,
- 4:13- or to just go through the insurance hurdle.
- 4:15- But that is a a big disruption that
- 4:17- we're seeing in the outpatient setting.
- 4:20- As a host of the Underdog Fusion podcast,
- 4:22- you know, I've had almost 150
- 4:24- plus
- 4:25- guests coming in from from different ranges, whether
- 4:28- health care administrators to start up founders to
- 4:30- venture capitalists who actively deploy capital into these
- 4:34- startups. There are several,
- 4:37- disruptions that I'm seeing. One of which is,
- 4:40- particularly in the
- 4:43- AI space, with respect to ambient clinical intelligence
- 4:46- at the bedside.
- 4:48- I'm seeing a lot of
- 4:50- advanced,
- 4:51- ambient
- 4:52- documentation
- 4:53- tools that are coming in
- 4:55- to help
- 4:56- document and accurately transcribe clinical encounters and generate
- 4:59- accurate notes in real time.
- 5:01- You know, I think this fundamentally helps the
- 5:04- clinicians
- 5:05- focus
- 5:06- their energy and their time on building report
- 5:09- with patient while ensuring that the documentation
- 5:12- is accurate.
- 5:14- The other aspects that I'm seeing disruption in,
- 5:16- one of which is predictive clinical analytics and
- 5:20- early intervention.
- 5:21- You know, there's a lot of health care
- 5:22- systems and a lot of EMR systems like
- 5:24- EPIC, which are
- 5:25- developing
- 5:26- predictive AI models to analyze,
- 5:29- you know, continuous vitals, labs, telemetry in real
- 5:33- time. And these tools can really help support
- 5:35- clinical teams
- 5:37- by identifying these subtle, you know, physiological
- 5:40- improvements
- 5:41- or risk hours earlier. So, you know, which
- 5:44- allows for earlier timely intervention.
- 5:48- Few other areas where I'm seeing disruption.
- 5:50- Another is, you know, this concept of hospital
- 5:53- at home, where you have AI enabled,
- 5:56- continuous monitoring,
- 5:58- you know, systems which helps family, you know,
- 6:01- get greater comfort while keeping hospital bed capacity
- 6:04- optimized,
- 6:05- in, you know, higher acuity,
- 6:08- centers.
- 6:10- Another one that I'm seeing is, you know,
- 6:13- care coordination. That's huge.
- 6:15- Agentic workflows are are helping automate routine
- 6:19- administrative communication
- 6:20- between hospital departments, pharmacies, and and post acute
- 6:23- facilities.
- 6:25- And let me ask you this question, doctor
- 6:27- Desai. It it seems as though the specialist
- 6:30- equation
- 6:31- is getting crunched a little bit. Like, I
- 6:33- was watching the stats, and they resonate with
- 6:35- me. There's 27,000
- 6:37- oncologists in the country, but 2,000,000
- 6:40- more more diagnosis is each year of cancer.
- 6:43- Is there any way
- 6:45- to take care of all of us between
- 6:47- technology
- 6:49- and physician shortages,
- 6:51- or
- 6:52- are we
- 6:53- moving towards a multi tiered system? What does
- 6:56- this look like? Is there hope that some
- 6:58- of these different solutions, like I saw with
- 7:00- my colleague in the
- 7:02- iron infusion,
- 7:03- is there hope that some of these different
- 7:05- solutions will allow us to have the specialties,
- 7:08- the amount of specialists we need to take
- 7:09- care of people,
- 7:11- or are we really in a bad cycle
- 7:13- going in the wrong directions? There's just not
- 7:15- enough doctors compared to the amount of people
- 7:17- that we have here.
- 7:19- Yeah. I mean, you know, I think I
- 7:20- think, you know, you you hit a key
- 7:22- point, which is that mismatch.
- 7:25- You know, I think there's a famous quote.
- 7:27- I forgot who it's attributed to, but, you
- 7:29- know, there is a thing that necessity drives
- 7:32- big innovations and big disruptions.
- 7:35- And I think this is one of those
- 7:36- trends that I think is driving a lot
- 7:38- of changes that are coming in into the
- 7:40- health care system. You know, you mentioned the
- 7:42- mismatch between, like, specialized oncology, workforce, and and
- 7:45- surging cancer incidents. Right? So there is a
- 7:47- huge structural bottleneck that cannot be solved by,
- 7:50- you know, workforce expansion alone. So this is
- 7:53- where, you know, I'm seeing a lot of
- 7:55- disruption with respect to leveraging,
- 7:58- you know, automated data synthesis,
- 8:00- you know, you developing multimodal
- 8:03- clinical decision support tools,
- 8:05- you know, also virtual tumor boards.
- 8:08- And there are companies like, you know, Tempus
- 8:10- Foundation,
- 8:11- Concerta Health AI, Roche, Navify,
- 8:15- which are really tackling these problems head on.
- 8:18- You know, they're working on on developing cloud
- 8:20- based AI or orchestrated
- 8:22- virtual tumor boards to allow, you know, a
- 8:25- lot of these community
- 8:27- oncologists,
- 8:28- to to run complex cases through,
- 8:32- these pathways that they've created.
- 8:34- And, you know, they they they rely on
- 8:36- an extensive subspecialist network, but they're really leveraging
- 8:39- the technology to to fill in this gap
- 8:42- to an extent.
- 8:44- You know, and then there's also, of course,
- 8:46- the, you know, the asynchronous
- 8:48- patient monitoring and and digital therapeutics where there's
- 8:51- a lot of innovation going on with Jasper
- 8:53- Health, Nuna,
- 8:55- where they're using, you know, these,
- 8:57- these, like, biometric wearables,
- 8:59- which are paired with, you know, these unique
- 9:01- apps
- 9:02- to help manage side effects and toxicity from
- 9:04- chemo and immunotherapy.
- 9:07- Remarkable. And talk about, doctor Desai. For you,
- 9:11- the next six months, next year,
- 9:13- you're
- 9:14- have got this great career ahead of you,
- 9:17- brilliance
- 9:18- thus far. What are you most focused on
- 9:20- and excited about the next six to twelve
- 9:22- months?
- 9:24- Yeah. Absolutely. So, you know, where do I
- 9:26- see myself,
- 9:27- in in a year? You know, so I
- 9:29- think right now, I would say is the
- 9:31- best time
- 9:32- to be in in the health care field
- 9:34- just because of the, innovation that's going on.
- 9:37- So looking ahead over the next twelve months,
- 9:39- you know, I see myself, you know, continue
- 9:41- to grow in my role as a hospitalist,
- 9:44- continuing to grow my podcast and the audience,
- 9:47- reach that I have, as well as connecting
- 9:50- with innovative,
- 9:52- health care leaders.
- 9:54- You know, I also see myself potentially
- 9:57- having a a somewhat of a bigger role
- 10:00- in the AI startup space,
- 10:03- where, you know, the the focus would be
- 10:05- on
- 10:06- leveraging technology to reduce health care disparities.
- 10:09- So that that's really where I see myself
- 10:11- on a on a professional front.
- 10:13- Now on a health care broader landscape, you
- 10:16- know, looking ahead over the next twelve months,
- 10:20- you know, I think what I'm seeing a
- 10:21- lot of is, you know, these the rise
- 10:23- of
- 10:24- acute care and virtual delivery.
- 10:27- I think, you know, what's gonna happen probably
- 10:29- is,
- 10:30- you know, AI is gonna be increasingly more
- 10:32- and more embedded into a clinical workflow.
- 10:35- There's gonna be a lot more perhaps, you
- 10:37- know, virtual hospitalist,
- 10:40- you know, who would provide, you know, triage
- 10:42- support, medical oversight to regional community hospitals where
- 10:46- there's a shortage,
- 10:48- and, of course, utilizing technology.
- 10:50- You know, so I think I I I
- 10:51- do see that.
- 10:53- In addition to that, I think what one
- 10:54- thing also that I'm excited about is
- 10:57- the
- 10:58- the changes
- 11:00- that are gonna come as a result of
- 11:03- having AI, having, you know, these novel workflows
- 11:07- to really
- 11:08- make the time of the clinicians much more
- 11:10- efficient,
- 11:12- such that they're able to spend, you know,
- 11:14- more quality time with their patients.
- 11:16- And I think that's one thing that's gonna
- 11:18- gain even greater emphasis,
- 11:20- you know, as we we develop better AI
- 11:23- models and tools.
- 11:25- Thank you. What does it mean long term?
- 11:28- You know, there's this constant question of
- 11:31- where the human is in the loop, where
- 11:33- the human's not in the loop. You know,
- 11:35- I'm looking at radiology
- 11:37- recently
- 11:38- where there's so much screening going on by
- 11:40- AI,
- 11:41- but the radiologist,
- 11:42- rather than being relieved,
- 11:44- Now so many things to look at so
- 11:46- quickly, and and it seems like there's
- 11:49- not really cutting into the need for radiologists.
- 11:51- In fact, there's just as many of them,
- 11:52- and there's so much screening going on. What
- 11:55- is the long term? Any
- 11:57- thoughts five to ten years versus fifteen years
- 11:59- and where the physician fits into all of
- 12:01- this? Is there so much artificial intelligence deployed?
- 12:05- Yeah. Definitely. So, you know, I think that's
- 12:07- something that, you know, I've seen a lot
- 12:09- of,
- 12:10- you know, a lot of discussion around that
- 12:12- because, you know, there is a there is
- 12:14- this AI that's coming in,
- 12:16- you know, more as a supplemental tool, at
- 12:18- least in my opinion,
- 12:20- to their radiologists and the imaging centers.
- 12:23- You know, but there at the same time,
- 12:25- you're right. Like, there is a a rapid
- 12:26- growth in diagnostic imaging volume.
- 12:29- Combine that with, you know, expanding screening recommendations.
- 12:32- So it has outpaced, you know, to an
- 12:34- extent, the capacity of of the current work
- 12:37- force, right, in in the radiology space.
- 12:39- So I think, you know, the this evolution
- 12:42- of human in the loop will probably,
- 12:45- you know, still
- 12:47- still
- 12:48- continue to evolve, you know, I think ten
- 12:50- years, fifteen years from now.
- 12:52- I think, you know, the physician will still
- 12:54- have to review, you know,
- 12:57- every single slice, you know, manually validate or
- 13:00- reject AI bounding boxes,
- 13:02- and, you know, make sure that the current
- 13:05- the report is accurate.
- 13:07- But eventually, I think, you know, perhaps maybe
- 13:09- ten years from now,
- 13:11- there may be, you know, a bit more
- 13:14- autonomy, you know, with respect to lower risk
- 13:17- profiles.
- 13:18- Right? So maybe there's, like, a highly defined,
- 13:20- you know, low risk,
- 13:23- screening category where, you know, there's
- 13:25- autonomous AI pre clearing
- 13:28- with, you know And
- 13:29- let me ask you a question to follow-up
- 13:31- on all of this.
- 13:33- You talked about necessity being the mother of
- 13:35- invention, one of the great famous quotes of
- 13:37- all time and and completely correct and couldn't
- 13:40- agree more.
- 13:42- Are we at a spot
- 13:43- where the physician
- 13:46- association societies
- 13:48- are being so protective of their members
- 13:51- that they're not producing enough physicians. We've made
- 13:53- residency too long. We've made med school too
- 13:56- long. We've made fellowships too long. A lot
- 13:58- of education was developed prior to the Internet
- 14:01- that we're forcing that necessity
- 14:04- of inventing other ways to ground physicians because
- 14:06- you just don't have enough of them. Like,
- 14:08- I'm watching recently
- 14:10- this
- 14:11- incredible turf war between the American Society of
- 14:14- Anesthesia
- 14:15- and the American Association of Nurse Anesthetists.
- 14:19- Yeah. You know, this turf war has been
- 14:21- going on forever. It seems like most of
- 14:23- the members have actually thrown their hands up
- 14:25- and said, we just need more anesthesia help,
- 14:27- but the associations
- 14:29- are got after each other. But we know
- 14:31- we have such a shortage of anesthesiologists.
- 14:33- So are the professional associations
- 14:35- leading to this being a necessity
- 14:38- to to find ways around physicians because we're
- 14:40- not producing enough physicians?
- 14:43- Yeah. Well, that's a very interesting question, Scott.
- 14:45- And I think,
- 14:47- I think part of it, you could say
- 14:49- that that is indeed the case. I think
- 14:51- the health care delivery system itself,
- 14:53- you know, has
- 14:55- seen this rapid increase in in,
- 14:59- you know, all the innovation and the disruption.
- 15:00- But one thing that I think
- 15:02- has not really,
- 15:04- you know, changed as much is the length
- 15:06- of the training.
- 15:08- Now, you know, I've had this question asked,
- 15:10- multiple times,
- 15:12- and I think I agree with a lot
- 15:13- of the consensus that I've I've gone from,
- 15:15- you know, from from my guests, that I've
- 15:17- had. You know, I think I think there
- 15:19- has been, increase in the medical school campuses,
- 15:23- you know, but I think
- 15:25- the the funding, you know, that comes through
- 15:29- through the Medicare, you know, which was which
- 15:31- was established,
- 15:32- you know, in in in 1997,
- 15:35- has created a bottleneck. You know, where every
- 15:37- year, you know, there is
- 15:39- lots of, qualified medical graduates who go unmatched
- 15:43- simply because, you know or partly because of
- 15:46- the funding, you know, which which hasn't kept
- 15:49- up with the growing aging population, which now
- 15:52- tends to live longer.
- 15:53- Also, I think the curriculum is ripe for
- 15:55- disruption because medical education
- 15:58- has focused based on, you know, the models
- 16:01- that were previously there, you know, four years
- 16:03- of med
- 16:04- school, but it hasn't really incorporated it or
- 16:06- expedited the tech integrated training that we're seeing
- 16:08- now.
- 16:10- You know, and I think there's role for
- 16:11- newer
- 16:13- specialties within medicine, like clinical informatics, which is
- 16:16- growing, health economics,
- 16:18- AI governance,
- 16:20- you know, which which aren't,
- 16:22- leveraged still in in a lot of the
- 16:24- medical curriculums.
- 16:26- So,
- 16:27- you know, like, I guess the question was,
- 16:29- like, protective focus versus frontline reality.
- 16:32- You know, I think I would say, you
- 16:34- know, most of the physician associations, to my
- 16:36- knowledge,
- 16:37- have, you know, really been focused on,
- 16:41- you know, the the practice models that are
- 16:43- currently,
- 16:44- in place
- 16:45- and not so much on this gap that's
- 16:47- that's coming in. Right? But part of it
- 16:49- is caused by lack of funding.
- 16:52- So, yes, I think in that way, the
- 16:53- shortage is, forcing this structural innovation.
- 16:57- And, you know, there's a physician force multiplication
- 17:00- via AI,
- 17:02- you know, where you have one oncologist potentially
- 17:04- who can who serves a lot more patients,
- 17:07- just with with the help of, like, you
- 17:08- know, things like Ambient AI and and, you
- 17:10- know, these multimodal
- 17:12- clinical decision support tools.
- 17:15- No. I I think that's right. I do
- 17:17- think there are so many challenges
- 17:18- with it. And I do think
- 17:21- some of the challenges are, you know, we're
- 17:23- producing 200,000
- 17:24- nurses a year. We're producing
- 17:26- 30,000 doctors a year. So many doctors are
- 17:28- retiring a year.
- 17:30- Yeah.
- 17:31- It it does seem like the medical societies
- 17:33- are not doing enough to figure out how
- 17:34- to expedite medical education for a million different
- 17:36- reasons.
- 17:38- And I I totally hear you on the
- 17:39- residency shortfalls and totally agree,
- 17:42- but but it does seem
- 17:44- that sometimes everybody is so parochially focused on
- 17:47- their own issue
- 17:49- that they miss the bigger picture.
- 17:51- And and and I do think there's a
- 17:53- lot of that going on in health care
- 17:54- right now. Not not from you at all,
- 17:56- but I do I do see this as
- 17:58- I'm watching this turf battle continue to unfold
- 17:59- for the last twenty years between these outages
- 18:01- and CRNAs.
- 18:02- I'm just you know, and and I see
- 18:04- it because we get editorial from both sides
- 18:06- of the equation, and I just wanna throw
- 18:08- up my hands and say, don't you realize
- 18:10- we have a tremendous shortage of anesthesia? Why
- 18:11- don't we work on fixing that? You you
- 18:13- follow me? And so I I do find
- 18:15- it to be fascinating.
- 18:17- In any event, you've you're having this great
- 18:19- career.
- 18:20- What advice, doctor Desai? And I love what
- 18:22- you do, you know, trying to mix different
- 18:24- fields and different thoughts. I just think it's
- 18:26- fantastic.
- 18:27- What what advice do you have for,
- 18:29- evolving physicians, emerging physician leaders, on how to
- 18:32- approach their career?
- 18:34- Yeah. Absolutely.
- 18:35- I'll give a couple of advice points. You
- 18:37- know, something that I have gone through, you
- 18:40- know, the guests that I've had and just
- 18:42- things that,
- 18:43- I've learned along the way. First thing is
- 18:45- readers are leaders.
- 18:46- You know, there's a very famous book called
- 18:48- the Ikigai,
- 18:50- which is a Japanese concept of finding your
- 18:52- purpose. That's one thing I definitely recommend anyone
- 18:55- listening to this podcast to read,
- 18:57- and kinda really helps you do a lot
- 18:59- of introspection,
- 19:00- and really know your why for you know,
- 19:02- why you wanna,
- 19:03- you know,
- 19:04- I guess, grow or evolve your career,
- 19:07- what's the kind of vision you have for
- 19:09- your career,
- 19:10- and how you wanna be part of, you
- 19:12- know, if at all, of this new disruption
- 19:15- and innovation that's going on.
- 19:17- You know, I think one of the advice
- 19:19- I would say is, you know, lead with
- 19:20- technology instead of, you know, resisting it. You
- 19:23- know, really try to understand AI
- 19:26- and what the implications are of that and,
- 19:29- you know, try to attend as many
- 19:32- conferences as possible in areas you're interested in,
- 19:34- whether it's quality improvement, whether it's,
- 19:37- health care, start ups seen.
- 19:39- But whatever your interest may be, just try
- 19:41- to network with like minded people,
- 19:45- and find a a good mentor early on,
- 19:48- you know, who's following the path
- 19:50- that you foresee for yourself.
- 19:53- I I love it. Doctor Desai, what a
- 19:54- pleasure visiting you as always. Just a brilliant,
- 19:57- brilliant physician leader.
- 19:58- Thank you so much for joining us on
- 20:00- the Veterans Health Care podcast. Always love getting
- 20:02- a chance to visit with you. Thank you
- 20:03- so much for joining us. Scott, thank you
- 20:06- so much. Absolute pleasure to be on the
- 20:07- podcast.
- 20:08- One thing I did forgot to mention is
- 20:10- check out Scott's book on building great business.
- 20:13- It it's definitely
- 20:14- has some great tips and insights, especially for
- 20:16- listeners who are very entrepreneurial and driven.
- 20:20- Yeah. Let's make sure everybody hears that. No.
- 20:21- I'm just kidding. Thank you so much, doctor
- 20:23- Desai. You're you're the very best. Thank you
- 20:25- for joining us. What a pleasure. We'll talk
- 20:27- again. Thanks, Scott. Thank you. Absolute pleasure. Thank
- 20:29- you for this.