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CBS News Radio: The End of a Century of Radio News (Special Edition) · BOB DOLE : 1995 Clinton's Comeback

• 0:25
  SPEAKER_16: The world today.
• 0:27
  SPEAKER_16: My shortwave radio Columbia now brings your report from its foreign correspondent overseas with summaries of the latest world news presented over these stations by Golden Eagle Gas Way.
• 0:37
  SPEAKER_16: Go ahead.
• 0:38
  SPEAKER_16: New York.
• 0:46
  SPEAKER_01: The details are not available.
• 0:48
  SPEAKER_01: They will be in a few minutes.
• 0:49
  SPEAKER_01: The White House is now giving out a statement.
• 0:52
  SPEAKER_01: The attack apparently was made on all naval and on naval and military activities on the principal island of Oahu.
• 1:00
  SPEAKER_01: The President's brief statement was read to report it by Stephen Early, the President's Secretary.
• 1:07
  SPEAKER_01: A Japanese attack upon Pearl Harbor naturally would mean war.
• 1:11
  SPEAKER_01: Such an attack would naturally bring a counter-attack.
• 1:14
  SPEAKER_01: And hostilities of this kind would naturally mean that the president would ask Congress for a declaration of war.
• 1:21
  SPEAKER_01: There is no doubt from the temper of the Congress that such a declaration would be granted.
• 1:26
  SPEAKER_01: This morning, Secretary Hull talked with the Secretaries of War and of the Navy.
• 1:31
  SPEAKER_01: Now the two special Japanese envoys, Admiral Nomura and Special Envoy Karusua, are at the State Department engaged in conference with Secretary of State Hull.
• 1:43
  SPEAKER_01: Their appearance at the State Department on this Sunday afternoon emphasizes the gravity of the Far Eastern situation where hostilities now seem to be actually opening over the whole South Pacific.
• 1:57
  SPEAKER_01: Even more important than the visit of Tokyo's diplomats is this news which comes from Pearl Harbor and the news which comes from South Asia.
• 2:05
  SPEAKER_01: Whatever the diplomats from Tokyo or the cabinet in Tokyo may be saying, there is a conviction in official quarters here that Japan has now cast the doubt.
• 2:16
  SPEAKER_01: All the bits of information which came to the State Department and the Navy yesterday and today indicated that Japanese transports containing troops were steaming into the Gulf of Thailand.
• 2:27
  SPEAKER_01: Japanese warships were providing a heavy escort.
• 2:31
  SPEAKER_01: Having rounded the southernmost point of French Indochina, the convoy had as its only obvious destination Bangkok, the capital of Thailand.
• 2:40
  SPEAKER_01: It was on the basis of this information that President Roosevelt sent to Emperor Hirohito of Japan his personal message last night.
• 2:47
  SPEAKER_01: A message which appealed to the Mikado for restraint and peace.
• 3:26
  SPEAKER_00: This comes just six months after broader layoffs at parent company Paramount also impacted CBS.
• 3:32
  SPEAKER_00: This time, the cuts appear more targeted.
• 3:35
  SPEAKER_00: Sources say they come from obsolete operations and the poor morale, editor-in-chief Barry Weiss noticed when she joined the network in October.
• 3:44
  SPEAKER_00: Weiss is also shutting down CBS radio entirely.
• 3:48
  SPEAKER_00: Sources who spoke to CNN say she wanted to save it, but had no choice because it supposedly stopped generating revenue.
• 4:22
  SPEAKER_03: CBS News Radio is going to go off the air after 99 years in May.
• 4:31
  SPEAKER_03: It no longer makes money, is what the uh the new editor uh or the new lady that's in charge of CBS News uh said.
• 4:40
  SPEAKER_03: She did uh so as you know a series of layoffs there that are going to begin there in May and the shuttering of it and that she wanted to save it.
• 4:49
  SPEAKER_03: And it's the end of an era, it's the end of uh what was uh you know sort of the gold standard back in the day of uh of radio broadcasting of any kind of broadcasting.
• 5:01
  SPEAKER_03: You know, Edward Armurrow, who was the father of a lot of this, started out there has been uh and so it's uh this is uh a sad moment, but you know, that's what technology is changing.
• 5:14
  SPEAKER_03: And you know, really CBS radio and and radio news broadcast in general are the forefathers of podcasting.
• 5:21
  SPEAKER_03: In a lot of ways, what podcasting does today is what radio did in the 1920s and 30s and 40s.
• 5:29
  SPEAKER_03: And we used uh report this morning with a lot of that uh during some of our World War II broadcasting, CBS News broadcast um from from the actual time of World War II.
• 5:43
  SPEAKER_03: We did it when we did our show on our four shows early on in our back catalog in World War II.
• 5:48
  SPEAKER_03: We use it again when we're looking back at Mayor Bob Hirsch, who was uh a pilot during World War II.
• 5:56
  SPEAKER_03: Mayor Hirsch was Mayor of Myrtle Beach, which is where we do these shows.
• 5:58
  SPEAKER_03: And that was a special series that we did on him.
• 6:01
  SPEAKER_03: He was 102 and a half years old, and uh he just has it his own book out called The Blonde Bombshell that you can get on Amazon about his life.
• 6:09
  SPEAKER_03: He was this amazing guy and still is.
• 6:11
  SPEAKER_03: Um but you know, CBS radio covered that from D-Day, and you have them breaking in and all that, just like we just covered World War II.
• 6:21
  SPEAKER_26: And uh and so 10 seconds repeat.
• 6:25
  SPEAKER_03: You know, this is truly the end of an era.
• 6:27
  SPEAKER_03: Um and I hope that, and I know they will, they're gonna save a lot of this material that they have there because it really is that early history of broadcasting before television.
• 6:37
  SPEAKER_03: And um it's you know sad ending to an era.
• 6:42
  SPEAKER_03: So I thought what we would do in this broadcast is uh is we would piece together a little bit of everything uh that we could find and uh and and and just look back at CVS radio, its impact on broadcasting, and a little bit of its history uh beginning not at the very beginning, but uh at what is the biggest story of the of the century of the twentieth century at least, um and probably one of the you know right there the biggest regiment of uh international history the beginnings of World War II.
• 7:17
  SPEAKER_27: This is the reading of communique number one from Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary Force.
• 7:54
  SPEAKER_13: Here is a flash just received in our newsroom.
• 7:57
  SPEAKER_13: State Line, Washington.
• 7:58
  SPEAKER_13: United States Army transport carrying lumber was topedoed 1,300 miles west of San Francisco.
• 8:04
  SPEAKER_13: Details on this news and other news that has been coming in on the Far East situation will be given to you at approximately 335 during the intermission of the New York Philharmonic Concert.
• 8:14
  SPEAKER_13: We return you now to the New York Philharmonic Orchestra.
• 9:13
  SPEAKER_13: The Japanese have attacked Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, by air, President Roosevelt has just announced.
• 9:18
  SPEAKER_13: The attack also was made on all naval and military activities on the principal island of Ohao.
• 9:31
  SPEAKER_22: The symphony number one in F Minor, but a modern Russian composer Shastakovich performs the opening work on this afternoon's philomonic program, Artur Rudinsky conducting.
• 9:41
  SPEAKER_22: Japan has attacked Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, and Manila, the Philippine Islands, from the air.
• 9:47
  SPEAKER_22: The attack is developing.
• 9:49
  SPEAKER_22: Today, Dean Straylor's usual commentary will be replaced by a further report on the Far Eastern situation.
• 9:54
  SPEAKER_22: We pause now for 15 seconds.
• 9:57
  SPEAKER_22: This is the Columbia Broadcasting System.
• 10:00
  SPEAKER_16: This is WCCO studios in Minneapolis and St.
• 10:05
  SPEAKER_16: Paul.
• 10:05
  SPEAKER_16: The Twin City temperature 37 degrees.
• 10:14
  SPEAKER_13: This is John Daly, speaking from the CBS Newsroom in New York.
• 10:18
  SPEAKER_13: Here is the Far East situation as reported to this moment.
• 10:21
  SPEAKER_13: The Japanese have attacked the American naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, and our defense facilities at Manila, capital of the Philippines.
• 10:27
  SPEAKER_13: The first disclosure of this news was made by Presidential Secretary Stephen Early by telephone at approximately 2.25 in Washington.
• 10:35
  SPEAKER_13: I read the text of this historic announcement at a little after 2.30.
• 10:38
  SPEAKER_13: The Japanese have attacked Pearl Harbor from the air and all naval and military activities on the island of Ohao, the principal American base in the Hawaiian Islands.
• 10:47
  SPEAKER_13: That was Secretary Early's message.
• 10:49
  SPEAKER_13: Short while later, he dictated another message.
• 10:51
  SPEAKER_13: A second air attack has been reported.
• 10:53
  SPEAKER_13: This one has been made on the Army and Navy bases in Manila.
• 10:57
  SPEAKER_13: And here's a last-minute Associated Press.
• 10:59
  SPEAKER_13: Flash from Honolulu.
• 11:01
  SPEAKER_13: A naval engagement is in progress off Honolulu, with at least one black enemy aircraft carrier in action against the Pearl Harbor defenses.
• 11:09
  SPEAKER_13: Secretary Early informed all correspondents and then rushed to the White House to be with President Roosevelt.
• 11:14
  SPEAKER_13: As the announcement was made, the two Japanese envoys, Ambassador Nomuro and Special Emissary Kurosu, were at the State Department.
• 11:20
  SPEAKER_13: Columbia's correspondent in London, Bob Trout, heard the news for the first time from our report from New York.
• 11:26
  SPEAKER_13: Up to that moment, or very shortly before then, the British Capitol had not been informed of the Japanese attack on the Hawaiian Islands and on Manila.
• 11:34
  SPEAKER_13: In view of Prime Minister Churchill's recent pledge that a British declaration of war on Japan would follow almost immediately upon the outbreak of war between Japan and the United States, a British announcement is expected soon.
• 11:45
  SPEAKER_13: Columbia's correspondent, Ford Wilkins, was put on the air in CBS's regular 230 news program on Sunday afternoon from Manila.
• 11:53
  SPEAKER_13: He was cut off the air suddenly while he was talking about air raid shelters, possibly because of censorship.
• 11:58
  SPEAKER_13: In communication with Columbia's radio station, KGMB, in Honolulu, we heard here in New York that the Pearl Harbor base had been attacked and anti-aircraft fire was heard.
• 12:08
  SPEAKER_13: A telephone message to the United Press from Fort Schaefer in Hawaii said that 50 planes attacked the island of Oahu.
• 12:15
  SPEAKER_13: The planes were officially described so far as unidentified in these messages, although later reports that have come in from the press associations definitely identify at least two of these planes as carrying the emblem of the rising sun, the emblem of Japan.
• 12:28
  SPEAKER_13: The Pearl Harbor attack, reported by KGMB in Honolulu, is said to have been carried out in other messages by 50 to 100 planes, and a half an hour ago it was said to be still continuing.
• 12:38
  SPEAKER_13: The smoke of anti-aircraft guns rose over the Pearl Harbor Navy Yard.
• 12:41
  SPEAKER_13: Heavy smoke also drifted up from Hickham Field in the Pearl Harbor area, apparently from fires, and witnesses said fires broke out on Ford Island.
• 12:50
  SPEAKER_13: The main targets in this action by the Japanese appeared to be Hickman Field, which is the Army Field, and the Great Naval Base at Pearl Harbor, and several planes were reported shot down.
• 12:59
  SPEAKER_13: Also, we've had a report from Honolulu that policemen and firemen were ordered in a radio broadcast to go to Army and Navy posts immediately.
• 13:06
  SPEAKER_13: Major George Fielding Elliott, when this dispatch originally came in, pointed out that this may indicate that some of the Japanese resident in that area are being uh aids in this action by the Japanese against the shore areas.
• 13:20
  SPEAKER_13: And the firemen and policemen may have been called up to stop any abortive revolutionary action in that area.
• 13:26
  SPEAKER_13: Here's the first Associated Press dispatch from Honolulu.
• 13:29
  SPEAKER_13: At least two Japanese bombers, their wings bearing the insignia of the rising sun, appeared over Honolulu at about 7:35 a.m.
• 13:36
  SPEAKER_13: Honolulu time today and dropped bombs.
• 13:38
  SPEAKER_13: As I told you a little earlier, these are the two planes of the reported 50 to 100, which have been definitely identified as wearing the insignia of the rising sun.
• 13:47
  SPEAKER_13: Unverified reports said that a foreign warship appeared off Pearl Harbor and has begun firing at the defenses of that mighty fortified post.
• 13:54
  SPEAKER_13: Reports also say that the Japanese bombers scored two hits.
• 13:57
  SPEAKER_13: One at Hickman Field Air Post, Air Corps Post on Oahu Island, and the other at Pearl Harbor, which set an oil tank afire.
• 14:05
  SPEAKER_13: American anti aircraft has set up a terrific den, and the sky also is filled with American battle aircraft.
• 14:12
  SPEAKER_13: We have just heard that the Press Association dispatches, of course, are pouring in here.
• 14:16
  SPEAKER_13: We've had a Washington bulletin received just a few minutes ago that disclosed an American army transport, which was carrying lumber, was torpedoed 1,300 miles west of San Francisco, and we just heard by telephone that Albert Warner in Washington has news of a State Department announcement.
• 14:29
  SPEAKER_13: Well, that report from Albert Warner, we take you now to Washington.
• 14:34
  SPEAKER_12: This morning we are remembering some of the heroes of World War II on this day.
• 14:39
  SPEAKER_12: Seventy-five years ago, on this day, they were making their final preparations for the largest seaborne invasion in history.
• 14:46
  SPEAKER_12: Think about that for a second.
• 14:47
  SPEAKER_12: CBS News reported, CBS News Radio rather reported from the front lines on D-Day.
• 14:53
  SPEAKER_12: That network was responsible for much of the information that was relayed to Americans back home.
• 15:13
  SPEAKER_02: Americans learned about the critical operation on the radio when eyewitnessed accounts were beamed to them over the airwave.
• 15:37
  SPEAKER_02: The fate of the continent and the outcome of the Second World War hinged on the success of one epic invasion.
• 15:55
  SPEAKER_10: Allied troops began landing on the northern coast of France this morning, strongly supported by naval and air forces.
• 16:03
  SPEAKER_02: More than 160,000 Allied troops, including 73,000 Americans, would take part in Operation Overlord on the beaches of Normandy.
• 16:52
  SPEAKER_11: Good luck.
• 16:55
  SPEAKER_02: CBS News Radio was on the front lines of the Allied invasion that day and inside the living room of the American public.
• 17:45
  SPEAKER_06: It has a curious odor, which uh we always associate with modern war with the smell of oil and high explosive and burning things.
• 17:58
  SPEAKER_31: Everything they did was new.
• 18:00
  SPEAKER_31: The American people received updates on the war live every night.
• 18:05
  SPEAKER_31: That was the first time in history that the American people had been able to receive that type of immediacy from credible journalists who they could trust.
• 18:17
  SPEAKER_02: Then, as we turned in over the coast of the CBS News correspondent Richard C.
• 18:22
  SPEAKER_02: Hotelet was one of those voices.
• 18:31
  SPEAKER_07: The bombs in the shells burst together on the target.
• 18:33
  SPEAKER_02: Hotelett, aboard an American bomber, witnessed the first wave of Allied forces invading Normandy and the Germans trying to hold the line.
• 18:44
  SPEAKER_07: Four and a half thousand feet up, our plane was rough by the concussion.
• 18:48
  SPEAKER_07: We let the sanction be explosive.
• 18:51
  SPEAKER_07: We dropped our bombs of schedule.
• 19:34
  SPEAKER_12: But Anthony, I keep thinking about one of the men you talked to whose prayer was I know someone has to die.
• 19:40
  SPEAKER_12: I hope, you know, if it's me, but if it isn't me, please let me go and not be maimed when I go back home.
• 19:48
  SPEAKER_12: I I still keep thinking about what that man had to say and what it means to you too, because you were there for the 50th anniversary, too, in Normandy.
• 19:56
  SPEAKER_02: Yeah, it it's you know, it's every time you come back here, it's it's just as breathtaking as the first.
• 20:02
  SPEAKER_02: The the scale the scale of what happened here is just so mind-boggling, it's almost incomprehensible.
• 20:09
  SPEAKER_02: And and what what those soldiers went through on that day, it's just uh I find it almost unimaginable.
• 20:15
  SPEAKER_12: Yeah, I think thank you, Anthony.
• 20:16
  SPEAKER_12: I think of the journalists too who were telling the story, the picture they painted, it made me so proud to hear the work that CBS did and really the media back in that day, too.
• 20:25
  SPEAKER_12: And you forget the radio, how important it was.
• 20:28
  SPEAKER_12: The vision, you have to help people visualize what was going on.
• 20:31
  SPEAKER_32: So clear, so simple, so direct with chaos all around them.
• 20:34
  SPEAKER_03: It's fantastic work.
• 20:36
  SPEAKER_12: All right.
• 20:36
  SPEAKER_12: Anthony, again, thank you very much.
• 20:38
  SPEAKER_03: It's just fascinating to hear those guys who covered World War II talk about it and and then to hear, you know, uh earlier to hear the eclipse that were from the beginnings of it when they were still figuring out what was going on.
• 20:49
  SPEAKER_03: Uh CBS anchor woman, Katie Courick, so this is gonna go back a little ways, uh, went and as a part of her show first look that was a part of the CBS Evening News broadcast, did a segment where she went to CBS radio and talked to the guys on the ground there.
• 21:08
  SPEAKER_03: And uh this is a really interesting piece about uh how that uh system worked, um what they covered, how they covered it, and the big the voices that you will recognize because even though they say it doesn't make money now, and but but but people still drive on the interstate, they still listen to the news, and you'll recognize it right away, some of the voices from CBS Radio uh from the period.
• 21:35
  SPEAKER_23: Hi everybody, we're at CBS Radio for kind of a different first look for this Tuesday.
• 21:41
  SPEAKER_23: This is Harley Carnes, who's working on uh a newscast uh over on the radio side of things.
• 21:46
  SPEAKER_23: And we were just curious what you all were working on today.
• 21:49
  SPEAKER_30: Well, we've looked at your list so we can find out what to do.
• 21:51
  SPEAKER_23: Oh, sure, Harley.
• 21:53
  SPEAKER_30: Well, we're looking at Iraq, of course.
• 21:55
  SPEAKER_30: I mean, we've got a big kidnapping.
• 21:56
  SPEAKER_30: You've got forty-five or fifty people taken um taken hostage.
• 22:01
  SPEAKER_30: And uh evidently some of the police officers who are there to protect people are among those arrested, at least five of them.
• 22:08
  SPEAKER_30: So we're looking at that.
• 22:08
  SPEAKER_30: We've got wildfire dangers, of course.
• 22:11
  SPEAKER_30: Some people saying, some uh ecologists are saying that uh you know the global warming may make things worse in years to come.
• 22:19
  SPEAKER_23: Well, that's nothing new, right?
• 22:20
  SPEAKER_30: No, that's nothing new.
• 22:21
  SPEAKER_30: Global warming makes everything worse, according to the experts.
• 22:24
  SPEAKER_23: Right.
• 22:25
  SPEAKER_23: Right, right.
• 22:28
  SPEAKER_30: I'm skeptical about most crystal balls.
• 22:31
  SPEAKER_23: Really?
• 22:31
  SPEAKER_30: Yeah.
• 22:35
  SPEAKER_30: We think that we know so much about what's going to happen, and then we get there and we look back and we go, wow, we weren't right.
• 22:42
  SPEAKER_23: But sometimes when you do ignore things, you do so at your own peril.
• 22:46
  SPEAKER_23: And most scientific uh researchers and experts do agree that global warming is real, contrary to what some people say that it's not even an agreement within the scientific community because it really it is, in fact, something that all the major scientists agree on.
• 23:00
  SPEAKER_23: I guess it's the what what should be done about it and how quickly it's happening is a source of disagreement.
• 23:05
  SPEAKER_30: But it makes all the sense in the world to have a clean world, doesn't it?
• 23:09
  SPEAKER_23: Yeah, yeah.
• 23:10
  SPEAKER_30: It makes all the sense in the world to breathe clean air.
• 23:12
  SPEAKER_30: I mean and we have to argue about whether or not we should do that.
• 23:15
  SPEAKER_23: Obviously, when we're picking some good stories, uh oftentimes we'll say there's some great video events.
• 23:21
  SPEAKER_23: So we need to do it.
• 23:23
  SPEAKER_23: Um and and I'm just curious as you all uh uh develop your roster of stories, uh what things you keep in mind, because good video doesn't mean a whole heck of a lot to you all.
• 23:34
  SPEAKER_30: Well it doesn't.
• 23:34
  SPEAKER_30: And the interesting thing is we have uh so much at our beck and call.
• 23:38
  SPEAKER_30: I mean, there are hundreds of stories in the computer.
• 23:41
  SPEAKER_30: And in five minutes time, how many can I do?
• 23:44
  SPEAKER_30: I mean we can do five, six, seven, maybe if we get in a hurry, eight stories in that five minutes.
• 23:50
  SPEAKER_30: So the answer is I think what stories resonate most, we think, with the people who are listening.
• 23:58
  SPEAKER_30: What stories matter?
• 24:00
  SPEAKER_30: I once worked for a news director who had a big sign on the wall and said, Who cares?
• 24:04
  SPEAKER_30: And the question was, who cares about the story?
• 24:07
  SPEAKER_30: And if the answer was no one, then we'd probably not want to do the story.
• 24:11
  SPEAKER_30: So I guess that's the first uh thing that most of us think about.
• 24:14
  SPEAKER_30: Some things are obvious.
• 24:16
  SPEAKER_30: You know, you're not going to ignore the election.
• 24:18
  SPEAKER_30: You know, you're not gonna going to ignore a a tragedy of any sort.
• 24:22
  SPEAKER_30: So some things are gonna happen and you're gonna be doing those stories, but it's those uh back-of-the-book stories, those other things that reach out and touch people, those medical uh excuse me, those medical stories sometimes that fill out the newscast and let people know that you do care about the life and the world they're in.
• 24:40
  SPEAKER_23: Now to give you all a little background on the history, the really rich history of CBS News, Charlie Kay is the executive d uh producer over here, and he's gonna tell us a little bit about the history.
• 24:50
  SPEAKER_23: Okay, Charlie, you're on.
• 24:51
  SPEAKER_32: First of all, you are standing where Walter Cronkite sat when he entered the CBS EV News.
• 24:56
  SPEAKER_23: I can't believe that's so that is so wild, Charlie.
• 24:59
  SPEAKER_32: This is a tel this was a television newsroom, and it was uh next to a very large joint radio television newsroom that stretched uh football field down down that way, halfway to Kansas.
• 25:09
  SPEAKER_32: And um uh Cronkite worked here throughout the course of the day on a typewriter, typed his newscast, then sat just about there when he actually uh went on television in the evening.
• 25:19
  SPEAKER_23: And so what was in the background when he sat?
• 25:21
  SPEAKER_32: It was uh there's a big map of the world behind this uh wall covering here.
• 25:25
  SPEAKER_23: Uh-huh.
• 25:26
  SPEAKER_32: And we've uncovered a little bit of it.
• 25:28
  SPEAKER_32: Oh wow, Vietnam, Southeast Asia from the Cronkite era, a rather important part of the world then.
• 25:34
  SPEAKER_32: And um when radio moved into this facility in 1987, we didn't know it was there.
• 25:42
  SPEAKER_32: Uh there had been another wall covering, and we cut a window to build a radio studio.
• 25:46
  SPEAKER_32: And it was only then that we found out what we had, so we subsequently uncovered a little bit of the map.
• 25:52
  SPEAKER_12: That's great.
• 25:52
  SPEAKER_32: And put it there.
• 25:53
  SPEAKER_32: And if you have a second, I'll show you a photograph of Walter Cronkite with that map in the background.
• 26:02
  SPEAKER_23: Oh there.
• 26:04
  SPEAKER_23: Oh, that's so great.
• 26:05
  SPEAKER_32: So there he is.
• 26:07
  SPEAKER_23: With his Smith Corona.
• 26:09
  SPEAKER_32: Smith Corona.
• 26:10
  SPEAKER_32: Can you remember the sounds of typewriters in the teletype machines and newsrooms?
• 26:13
  SPEAKER_23: I can.
• 26:13
  SPEAKER_23: You know, when I started out, they used teletype machines and I just I used to change the ribbon.
• 26:17
  SPEAKER_23: Oh, yeah.
• 26:18
  SPEAKER_23: So they they'd have these little white gloves for all the desk assistants at ABC News, and I would change the ribbon.
• 26:24
  SPEAKER_23: And God, that was a while ago, Charlie, but it doesn't seem that long ago.
• 26:28
  SPEAKER_23: It was a week or two ago.
• 26:29
  SPEAKER_32: And not only that, in the some newsrooms they had carbon paper between copies on the teletype paper.
• 26:34
  SPEAKER_23: We had that too.
• 26:35
  SPEAKER_23: Yeah.
• 26:35
  SPEAKER_32: So the desk assistants would have to roll up the carbon paper and throw it out, and at the end of the day, everything needed a dry cleaning.
• 26:41
  SPEAKER_23: Yeah, it was quite a messy enterprise, that's for sure.
• 26:45
  SPEAKER_32: And you'd listen for bells throughout the course of the day.
• 26:47
  SPEAKER_32: Four bells would mean an urgent story was crossing on a wire, and five bells would mean a bulletin was crossing on a wire, and ten bells was a flash, and that was that was the end of the world.
• 26:58
  SPEAKER_32: If that ever have you ever heard that.
• 26:59
  SPEAKER_32: So people would rush to the telet machines to take a look at it.
• 27:02
  SPEAKER_23: But tell us a little bit about radio itself.
• 27:04
  SPEAKER_23: Obviously, it's impressive that Walter Cronkite did the news from here, but before television existed, CBS radio was so important.
• 27:12
  SPEAKER_32: Yes, it was.
• 27:13
  SPEAKER_32: Uh the uh the whole history of broadcast journalism in America goes back to CBS News and the very first radio programs.
• 27:20
  SPEAKER_32: Ed Murrow, a young guy uh hired by William Paley to go to Europe and try to find interesting people to talk on the radio kept sending uh messages back to New York saying something is happening here in Europe.
• 27:34
  SPEAKER_32: This was the 1930s.
• 27:35
  SPEAKER_32: Uh this guy, Hitler, is causing a lot of problems.
• 27:37
  SPEAKER_32: Uh let's watch him, let's keep an eye on him.
• 27:40
  SPEAKER_32: And he wanted to do programming to that, and the folks in New York were not too receptive to that.
• 27:45
  SPEAKER_32: Then in 1938.
• 27:46
  SPEAKER_32: Typical.
• 27:46
  SPEAKER_32: Typical.
• 27:47
  SPEAKER_32: Then in 1938, uh Hitler invaded Austria.
• 27:52
  SPEAKER_32: And uh Murrow continued to badger William Paley, and finally Paley said, Okay, we'll do one newscast.
• 27:59
  SPEAKER_32: Really, there had not been such a thing as a newscast on the radio before then.
• 28:02
  SPEAKER_32: We'll do one newscast.
• 28:04
  SPEAKER_23: So what was there?
• 28:04
  SPEAKER_32: Uh if there were commentators, there were people who offered their opinion on the news, there were staff announcers who read news headlines, but there really wasn't a lengthy newscast.
• 28:14
  SPEAKER_32: A newscast where an anchor sat in the studio and switched to reporters in the field.
• 28:19
  SPEAKER_32: That concept had not yet been invented.
• 28:21
  SPEAKER_32: So on March 13th, 1938, Murrow finally got his way.
• 28:25
  SPEAKER_32: Paley caved, they did one newscast.
• 28:28
  SPEAKER_32: Robert Trout, a nice young staff announcer in New York, anchored the broadcast, switched to Ed Murrow and other hastily hired reporters in Europe, and they covered the Nazi invasion of Austria.
• 28:42
  SPEAKER_24: This is Edward Murrow speaking from Vienna.
• 28:45
  SPEAKER_24: It's now nearly 2 30 in the morning, and their letter has not yet arrived.
• 28:50
  SPEAKER_24: No one seems to know just yet when he will get here.
• 28:53
  SPEAKER_24: But most people expect him sometime after 10 o'clock tomorrow morning.
• 28:58
  SPEAKER_24: It's of course obvious after one glance at Vienna that a tremendous reception is being prepared.
• 29:04
  SPEAKER_32: Now the phones lit up.
• 29:05
  SPEAKER_32: People loved it.
• 29:06
  SPEAKER_32: They thought it was the the greatest thing they'd ever heard.
• 29:09
  SPEAKER_32: So they did it again.
• 29:10
  SPEAKER_32: And then they did it again.
• 29:13
  SPEAKER_32: They didn't love the content, but the concept of hearing voices who of people who are actually watching the news was really an interesting concept to a lot of people.
• 29:22
  SPEAKER_32: So the program was so successful they did it the next night and the next night and the next night, and it's still on the air today.
• 29:29
  SPEAKER_32: It's the CBS World News Roundup, which is on every morning at 8 o'clock Eastern Time, 7 o'clock Pacific time, and it's been on the air since 1938.
• 29:37
  SPEAKER_23: Isn't that amazing?
• 29:38
  SPEAKER_23: Why are you seeing radio changing?
• 29:40
  SPEAKER_23: We always talk about new media and the internet and all that.
• 29:43
  SPEAKER_23: Um are you all wrestling with the same issues, or is radio in some ways immune uh to that competition because of its very nature?
• 29:52
  SPEAKER_23: It is a good idea.
• 29:53
  SPEAKER_23: But you can't really uh be looking at your computer while you're driving, right?
• 29:57
  SPEAKER_32: You cannot.
• 29:58
  SPEAKER_32: But instead of listening to the radio, you can be listening to an iPod, you can be listening to satellite radio, and someday I think you can be listening to a radio over a cell phone.
• 30:06
  SPEAKER_32: So the business is changing very, very quickly.
• 30:08
  SPEAKER_23: How are you all dealing with it?
• 30:10
  SPEAKER_32: Well, we're doing podcasts, as is the television side.
• 30:13
  SPEAKER_32: Um we're looking at opportunities to provide uh content to other emerging technologies.
• 30:20
  SPEAKER_32: Uh we produce the content.
• 30:22
  SPEAKER_32: We're the journalists, we're the experts on that, we're the writers and the reporters and the correspondents.
• 30:26
  SPEAKER_32: And perhaps we can tell you take that same base of information and give it to people in in in other means.
• 30:36
  SPEAKER_23: But my head sometimes feels like it's spinning when I think about how this whole medium has changed so dramatically.
• 30:45
  SPEAKER_32: Sure.
• 30:46
  SPEAKER_32: Uh I remember it was not all that long ago when uh the radio stations that make up this radio network were connected by essentially telephone lines.
• 30:54
  SPEAKER_32: And if we had a baseball game on the radio network, the World Series, we couldn't do a newscast.
• 30:59
  SPEAKER_32: Now we can do twelve different programs at the same time.
• 31:02
  SPEAKER_32: They're all on a satellite, and the radio station just picks whatever it is it wants.
• 31:06
  SPEAKER_23: The wonders of modern technology.
• 31:07
  SPEAKER_23: All right, well, you better get back to work, right, Charlie?
• 31:10
  SPEAKER_03: You bet.
• 31:10
  SPEAKER_23: Thanks so much.
• 31:11
  SPEAKER_23: See you later.
• 31:13
  SPEAKER_03: I think this is a from a former employee, but we found quite an interesting collection of uh ads from CBS Radio that I thought you'd find find kind of interesting.
• 31:24
  SPEAKER_03: There are things like the show Personal Close-Up and Ad, a radio network ad first for the whole network, and then uh the personal close-ups ad, an editorial from Walter Cronkite on um confidentiality and uh the issues that he had with President Nixon rec you know recording his conversations, um, in defense of uh President Nixon and maybe even Walter Cronkite, who's been very critical in it.
• 31:48
  SPEAKER_03: You've got to remember that no one knew that any of these presidents prior to Nixon had had these recording uh devices in the White House, that he wasn't the only one.
• 31:57
  SPEAKER_03: So at the time it looked like Nixon was the only one who was doing it.
• 32:00
  SPEAKER_03: But there are recordings going back to Franklin Roosevelt.
• 32:03
  SPEAKER_03: I'm not sure about Truman, but um uh uh Eisenhower, definitely Kennedy and LBJ, of course, recorded all his phone calls.
• 32:11
  SPEAKER_03: So Nixon was not the lone ranger here.
• 32:14
  SPEAKER_03: But this is a kind of an interesting uh look look at that um from Walter Cronkite.
• 32:19
  SPEAKER_03: You're also gonna hear uh very an ad for all the various shows that they had on uh CBS radio and greetings from CBS Radio, and then the look at their 50th anniversary, uh which is now 49 years ago, because you know if they had made it one more year, they'd been on the air for a hundred years.
• 32:38
  SPEAKER_03: So uh here's a look back at CBS Radio.
• 32:43
  SPEAKER_03: It takes a radio network to do it.
• 32:49
  SPEAKER_25: Got it?
• 32:52
  SPEAKER_25: Fine.
• 32:53
  SPEAKER_25: Now with the words.
• 33:04
  SPEAKER_25: Radio Lord, and the old words out, and four date, and fire the data, the data.
• 33:18
  SPEAKER_25: A star singing from Hollywood, a finest and funny orchestra flying in New York, a statesman speaking from across the world, or the finest in radio states or radio network.
• 33:30
  SPEAKER_25: You hear it all.
• 33:31
  SPEAKER_25: Great music, great comedy, great news coverage on this station, the station in your city, affiliated with the CBS Radio Network.
• 33:38
  SPEAKER_19: The CBS Radio Network.
• 33:42
  SPEAKER_14: This is Mark Wallace, CBS News.
• 33:45
  SPEAKER_14: Cass Canfield, senior editor for Hopper and Row, has met a good many authors during the course of his career, and he's built a storehouse of personal anecdotes about them.
• 33:54
  SPEAKER_14: Tomorrow, for personal close-up, he shares with us the stories about writers he has known, all writers that you know too.
• 34:01
  SPEAKER_14: Join me for personal close-up on Cass Canfield tomorrow.
• 34:05
  SPEAKER_14: Also on the personal close-up guest book in the week ahead are psychologist Lionel Tiger, Sandra Williams, the current Miss Black America, businessman Warren Abis, and orchestra leader Woody Herman.
• 34:17
  SPEAKER_14: Join me daily through Friday for personal close-up, one of nine weekday dimension reports that keep you on top of modern ideas.
• 34:25
  SPEAKER_14: Keeping you on top of world advanced is CDS News on the hour, the evening business report brings you up to date on the day in finance, and the minority report sheds new understanding on the plight of America's underprivileged.
• 34:37
  SPEAKER_14: All of these dimension reports on CDS Radio, where what you want to know comes first.
• 34:45
  SPEAKER_20: Function effectively without confidentiality.
• 34:47
  SPEAKER_20: But if he values confidentiality as highly as it has been saying recently, why did he make these secret recordings in the first place?
• 34:54
  SPEAKER_20: True, the White House maintained secret recordings have now been stopped.
• 34:58
  SPEAKER_20: Given Mr.
• 34:58
  SPEAKER_20: Nixon's own version of presidential beloved over the past decade or so, over the pool if the rules of the recording doesn't start again at some unannounced time of the book.
• 35:08
  SPEAKER_20: From now on, you have some probable intelligence or advice to impart to your president who wants to keep off the record for the movement wheel.
• 35:15
  SPEAKER_20: Make sure you mean the point, not who wouldn't work to have a large waterfall nearby flowing noisily in the background.
• 35:21
  SPEAKER_20: What's the water crying guy reporting for CBS News?
• 35:25
  SPEAKER_19: I've been broadcasting for a long, long time, and it seems to me that anyone who listens regularly to the CBS Radio Network is sure to keep up to the minute.
• 35:35
  SPEAKER_19: That's because the CPS News right on the hour.
• 35:38
  SPEAKER_19: Special reports, net alert when the news breaks suddenly.
• 35:42
  SPEAKER_19: So long for now.
• 35:43
  SPEAKER_19: Remember, it's a good idea to keep tuned to the CBS Radio Network.
• 35:49
  SPEAKER_19: The CBS Radio Mystery Theater presents.
• 36:31
  SPEAKER_09: In a ruined isolated mansion, or a lonely deserted castle.
• 36:36
  SPEAKER_09: However, this spine in the game actually takes place in a modern luxury high-rise apartment building.
• 36:43
  unknown: And in broad daylight.
• 36:48
  SPEAKER_18: Again this year we save music.
• 36:53
  SPEAKER_18: Greetings from the CBS Radio Network and some people you know.
• 36:58
  SPEAKER_18: Richard C.
• 36:58
  SPEAKER_18: Holland at the UN, George Herman in Washington, Peter Calvisher in Thomas, Jerry Bentley in Hollywood.
• 37:08
  SPEAKER_18: Every good wish.
• 37:11
  SPEAKER_18: The CBS Radio Network.
• 37:31
  SPEAKER_17: A special CBS News broadcast.
• 37:34
  SPEAKER_20: In 1927, when network broadcasting first began at the Columbia Broadcasting System, the majority of its programming was entertainment, much of it a wide variety of music.
• 37:44
  SPEAKER_20: But in 1930, a newspaper man named Edward Clover from the New York Times was hired to guide in the development of journalism at Columbia Broadcasting.
• 37:54
  SPEAKER_20: The election of Franklin Delano Roosevelt in 1932 was the first big news event covered by radio.
• 38:00
  SPEAKER_21: This is Robert Trout at our election headquarters in the newsroom in New York.
• 38:04
  SPEAKER_21: The results of the 1932 election now appear to be certain.
• 38:08
  SPEAKER_21: The ticket of Roosevelt and Garner has won a clear-cut majority over the Republican ticket of Hoover and Garner.
• 38:13
  SPEAKER_20: That night in 1932, radio broadcast the election returns and scooped the newspapers reporting Roosevelt's victory.
• 38:20
  SPEAKER_20: At that moment, the newspaper Extra became an anachronism.
• 38:24
  SPEAKER_20: As CBS's first news director, the late Paul White, is quoted the same.
• 38:33
  SPEAKER_03: And uh and CBS radio has always been a spot for that to keep up with what was going on.
• 38:40
  SPEAKER_03: And you know, I it's probably gonna be a little harder for well, maybe not that hard because we've had a lot of these late night elections uh in our lifetime, but back in the day, uh you would listen to the radio because the TV stations weren't off the air.
• 38:54
  SPEAKER_03: You know, they had a little John Wayne segment about uh America and then the national anthem, and that was the end of the day.
• 38:59
  SPEAKER_03: Uh so you would you'd be listening to the radio to hear the returns.
• 39:02
  SPEAKER_03: I I can remember doing that as recently as Carol Campbell's uh election as governor of South Carolina, uh when he was in a really tight race.
• 39:11
  SPEAKER_03: Uh the local affiliates did that.
• 39:12
  SPEAKER_03: And I live remember listening to that from the courthouse in Conway and then from Columbia, where they were gathering all the information, and that race wasn't called until three or four o'clock in the morning.
• 39:23
  SPEAKER_03: Now the segment I found isn't gonna do that, but it's still interesting.
• 39:27
  SPEAKER_03: It's 1 a.m.
• 39:27
  SPEAKER_03: on CBS Radio, and they're getting the news in 1984 from for the election that was uh not a close one.
• 39:35
  SPEAKER_03: It was a blowout.
• 39:36
  SPEAKER_03: It was between Ronald Reagan and Walter Mondale.
• 39:40
  SPEAKER_03: And I picked this because A, I found it, and B, Walter Mondale, of course, we're covering a little bit in the Bob Dole segment uh that's running right now, because uh, of course, Bob Dole was General Ford's running mate, and Walter Mondale was Jimmy Carter's.
• 39:54
  SPEAKER_03: But this is from the 1984 election between Ronald Reagan and Walter Mondale.
• 39:59
  SPEAKER_08: Talk radio 1210, WCAU AM, Philadelphia.
• 40:05
  SPEAKER_08: CBS News, this is Paul Lockwood.
• 40:08
  SPEAKER_08: The presidential results were 29 for Reagan and Bush and won for a words from Jack Wallace, a resident of Dixville Notch in northern New Hampshire, on the first results of the 1984 presidential election.
• 40:22
  SPEAKER_08: Voters in that community have cast the first primary and general election ballots in the country since 1960.
• 40:28
  SPEAKER_08: With a curtain coming down on the 1984 election campaign, President Reagan played his final scene before the home folks in California, lining up at a familiar spot, shopping center in San Diego.
• 42:07
  SPEAKER_08: In Fort Worth, Texas, police use tear gas and fire hoses against strikers who threw rocks, bottles, and eggs outside the general dynamics plant.
• 42:15
  SPEAKER_08: More than a half dozen people were arrested.
• 42:17
  SPEAKER_08: A judge is granted a restraining order against mass picketing, but the machinist union plans to appeal.
• 42:23
  SPEAKER_08: There is still no sign of rejection by the infant baby Faye after her 11th day with the transplanted heart of a baboon.
• 42:29
  SPEAKER_08: The child, whose condition remains serious but stable, was reported flying mistily by nurses who described her as fit as a brother.
• 42:36
  SPEAKER_08: All I could see the S news.
• 44:03
  SPEAKER_03: And in a lot of ways, this is the grandfather system for what we do here, what we what you have that is just exploding now with technology and that is podcasting.
• 44:14
  SPEAKER_03: And uh so this is quite a hap-tip to where it all started on on the radio.
• 44:22
  SPEAKER_03: And uh as we head out to say good farewell you know, um to CBS News Radio.
• 44:27
  SPEAKER_03: There's a lot of great memories there and and and important events that they covered first.
• 44:34
  SPEAKER_03: Or after the TV was went off, you could tune into CBS News Radio and hear what was gonna happen at three or four o'clock in the morning.
• 44:41
  SPEAKER_03: So uh you know, in that way it's it really is gonna be a sad ending.
• 44:46
  SPEAKER_03: But you know the world's twenty four hours a day now and radio is not quite what it was.
• 44:50
  SPEAKER_03: Uh but it did of course lead to this the grandchild of radio podcasting and to quote one of CBS the news radio's later host but really well known host and the and a and a guy who went up who was on TV anchored a little bit but he was the and the host of CBS Sunday morning Charles Osgood he had a famous line he signed off with and we'll do that as we say goodbye to CBS News Radio Until next time we'll see you on the radio stand by for a CBS report on the death of Alvis Presley CBS News That sound characterized a decade rocking and rolling 50s.
• 46:31
  SPEAKER_28: Today the man whose name became synonymous with a new sound Elvis Presley died at the age of 42.
• 46:38
  SPEAKER_05: I'm Tiffany Chelton reporting on the CBS radio network and we have a report on Presley's death from Janet's board Elvis Presley is the Mississippi boys and the music industry in the mid-1950s for business hospitalists.
• 47:16
  SPEAKER_05: Presley known as the king of Reserve most of them at his point expressed thoughts and even disbelief that there's no doubt the city has lost one of its all time favorite sons.
• 47:28
  SPEAKER_28: This is Dan Austin for CBS News Memphis repeating Elvis Presley is dead at the age of forty two