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The pattern behind history’s biggest failures · Cultural Wars | America Out Loud News

• 0:26
  Well, hello everyone, and welcome to the Tenpenny Files.
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  Sherry Tenpenny.
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• 1:39
  So with that, today's conversation is with long-term writer Jared Knott about his book, The Blunders, Big Disasters, Book Two, The Many Tiny Mistakes That Changed the World Forever.
• 1:51
  Gerald, welcome to the 10 Penny Files.
• 1:54
  Thank you for joining me.
• 1:54
  It's good to have you here today.
• 1:56
  Thank you very much.
• 1:56
  It's an honor to be here.
• 1:58
  Well, thank you so much.
• 2:00
  You know, on our previous podcast that we had that was called This Week with Dr.
• 2:05
  T.
• 2:05
  You were on that show, and we talked about your first book, Tiny Blunders, Big Disasters, 39 Tiny Mistakes that changed the world.
• 2:13
  It was really a runaway bestseller.
• 2:16
  What compelled you to write book two of Tiny Blunders?
• 2:20
  Yes.
• 2:20
  Well, I wrote book one.
• 2:22
  I didn't realize there's going to be a book two, but sales were so good for book one, and the demand was there.
• 2:27
  And history offers us this rich treasure trove of mistakes.
• 2:31
  Okay.
• 2:32
  When you dig into it, it's just uh amazing how many tiny mistakes there are throughout history that led to disasters.
• 2:38
  So we had plenty of material and a demand, and so just naturally uh followed through.
• 2:42
  It was a lot of fun to read a lot about research and to write.
• 2:45
  And we have uh just as one example, we have um three different examples in history where somebody for different reasons forgot to close the gate to a fortress, or left a gate unlocked, and that led to the, for example, the collapse of the Constantinople, which was the last vestige of the Roman Empire.
• 3:03
  So the Roman Empire uh collapsed and failed because somebody forgot to lock and close the date.
• 3:08
  Leon uh Elon Musk, you know, I must sit on a little teasing cartoon.
• 3:13
  Uh it uh showed a soldier in bed with a cartoon with his uh blanket pulled up and his helmet on and a little bubble over his head showing his thoughts, and it said, Did I remember locked that gate yesterday?
• 3:26
  And of course, the answer is no.
• 3:27
  And the uh the Turks, uh the Ottoman Empire that conquered uh the Roman Empire there at Constantinople were a little bit offended because they took that very 1453, they took that very seriously and didn't think it should be teased or made fun of.
• 3:41
  But that's that was uh just one of the items in uh in book two.
• 3:46
  You know, you say that you talk about that about this gate being left unlocked.
• 3:51
  How did you verify that research and know such fascinating details?
• 3:55
  Yeah, it is a well well documented, not just through Elon Musk, but uh throughout history who said that that was what it took place.
• 4:02
  Uh Fortress there at Constantinople, it stood for more than a thousand years, very well designed, very well built.
• 4:09
  Uh, it was uh stood 23 major attacks over the years, had never fallen, uh, but it's a well deeply entrenched factive history that's uh the gate was left unlocked, and then the enemy discovered that it came pouring in.
• 4:22
  That was one of the factors that caused uh the last vestige of the Roman Empire to collapse.
• 4:28
  Well, you know, your entire set of books, book one and book two, have fascinating and obscure historical details.
• 4:35
  So let's apply the same concept.
• 4:37
  How did you research these details and where did you find them?
• 4:42
  Yes, uh, well, tell people that uh I sometimes maybe forget where I put my keys, but my mind is a trash bin of trivia.
• 4:50
  So I got all the stuff that I read.
• 4:51
  I can remember stuff that I read 30, 40, some odd years ago that was uh any particular use, but then when this came up, I started searching my memory and also to answer your question.
• 5:01
  The internet, unlike uh people of 50 years ago or 40 years ago, is this rich uh library, it's rich uh easily accessible treasury on any subject you want to name.
• 5:11
  And it could give you chapter and verse or give you very well documented sources, etc.
• 5:16
  etc.
• 5:16
  And you can get the five, 10 articles about a particular subject very easily, unlike uh people writing books, you know, 30, 40, 50 years ago going to the library, and now library didn't have the books you wanted, and you went to another one and so on.
• 5:28
  So that was been a big asset to me and any other uh author that needs uh research being done, and it's uh really been fun and enriching.
• 5:36
  And um uh talking about different perspectives.
• 5:40
  I make the point in the book that in our history class, they usually talk about major events.
• 5:45
  So here's this this king, here is this battle, here's this big treaty that was uh signed, here's this big invasion.
• 5:51
  All that's perfectly appropriate.
• 5:53
  My book kind of turns history sideways and looks at it from a different angle from behind the curtain and behind the scenes.
• 5:59
  And what you find back there is example after example of a tiny mistake that dominoed and multiplied, and boom, boom, boom, and boom, here's this uh catechismic result uh uh in the end.
• 6:10
  That history is just rich with those little small mistakes that aren't mentioned in the big summary of history, but we're very, very powerful in determining the the outcomes.
• 6:20
  We're you know, um, you had 39 uh events that you cate uh you know categorized in book one.
• 6:28
  How many are in book two?
• 6:29
  Well, I have uh 32 chapters, but within those chapters are sometimes four or five, six uh mistakes that are listed.
• 6:37
  And then sometimes it's hard to know whether a mistake is a big mistake or you consider it a small mistake, but there's uh some 35, 40 some odd uh mistakes all sloshing around in there in this great big kettle of fish there uh in the book.
• 6:51
  It's a I think the book is a lot of fun to read and uh uh a lot of uh novelties.
• 6:56
  I have a couple of uh comic relief chapters.
• 6:59
  Umrigan uh is a fun uh chapter uh to read.
• 7:04
  Uh, that's uh chapter number three, and then uh the the Bismarck uh itself, the sinking of the Bismarck is a very good example.
• 7:12
  Um, it has a number of mistakes on the British side, a number of mistakes on the German side, mistake, mistake, mistake, mistake, back and forth.
• 7:20
  And finally, uh it was the Germans who happened to have the most number of critical mistakes uh versus the British, where the British sure had their whole bunch of them in there, one including the Ark Royal aircraft carrier.
• 7:33
  Uh, just one quick example is uh planes took off, and they were old biplanks, World War I.
• 7:38
  This is already part of World War II.
• 7:40
  Okay, and they uh were told there were no British uh ships in the in the area, and they went out to looking for the Bismarck to drop the torpedoes against the Bismarck.
• 7:48
  But the Sheffield, the British ship, Sheffield was there, and in the storm, they confused it for the Bismarck, and they dropped their torpedoes against the Sheffield and would have sunk one of their own British ships and created a disaster.
• 8:00
  But they were lucky, they were using a new version of torpedoes, a magnetic uh triggering kind of device, and they all failed.
• 8:07
  Okay, so if they worked for successfully, they'd have sunk the British uh ship success, Sheffield, total disaster, and the Bismarck would have gotten away.
• 8:15
  But okay, so realize the mistake go back to the Ark World, switch the torpedoes out for the old contact type torpedoes, take off again.
• 8:23
  This time they find the Bismarck and they uh fire their uh torpedo.
• 8:28
  And they were lucky to hit one hit the side of the Bismarck and did some damage, but the other one hit the rudder and happened to hit it just at the right angle so that Bismarck could only travel the big wide circle.
• 8:40
  It couldn't get away, it was just about 10 hours away from the cover of the loof walk on the shores of France, but they were there were traffic because when it circles and so that they were helpless and eventually were uh sunk, but that was uh a series of mistakes.
• 8:54
  It was there's another other mistake, just it's one little mistake here, it was my mistake here, and it ended up in the uh in a final outcome.
• 9:02
  Well, those are great stories and gives us a little bit of a highlight.
• 9:06
  Can you come up with two or three other stories where the tiny blender had massive global consequences?
• 9:12
  Well, let's see, the one that comes to mind, I can give you one.
• 9:14
  Let me give you one that had a major impact on the history of the uh Southwest.
• 9:20
  Uh, let me start with uh with that one there.
• 9:22
  Um, and that one, of course, that collapse of the Roman Empire had a major impact on history as a big one by itself, and then also scurvy.
• 9:30
  That's another, but let me give you one.
• 9:31
  The teaser is um a single uh teaser is this what outrageous character bought stolen horses for the Comanche Indians using counterfeit money.
• 9:44
  What could possibly go wrong?
• 9:47
  Okay.
• 9:47
  Uh uh this set off a comanche came back for revenge.
• 9:51
  It set off a chain reaction, which had a major impact on the history of the United States.
• 9:56
  John Wayne later played this outrageous character and
• 10:00
  A John Ford movie with the help of Natalie Wood.
• 10:03
  And if you go to my website, Tiny Blunders, Big Disasters.com, I have three different Instagram reels there run about 30 seconds each.
• 10:11
  And that particular story is there with uh John Wayne and Natalie Wood, and there was uh James Parker with the whole story there, but that was one of the cases where somebody left a gate open and the fortress fell as a result.
• 10:24
  But that's uh that's another uh example there, and then there's uh also um the uh scurvy is one and medical mistakes that it's we don't talk just about war.
• 10:35
  One of the things that was so stunning is that uh before germ theory had been established and proven, we had people uh discovering that there was something, tiny particles of some kind causing disease to spread.
• 10:50
  There was a doctor there in Vienna, and he was uh just couldn't sleep at night, just so life is hardly worth leaving because he had two different hospitals, one that was run by uh mid midwives, the other one was run by uh interns, medical interns.
• 11:04
  The ones run by the medical interns had this horrible, horribly high fatality rate for young mothers coming in to deliver babies, the one run by the intern by the uh midwives, much, much, much, much lower fatality rates.
• 11:17
  He couldn't for the life of him figure out what was going on, and then it was an unlucky accident that ended up being lucky.
• 11:23
  Oh, uh a colleague of his had his hand pricked by an instrument that had been used to operate on the cadavers, okay.
• 11:30
  And then he gets the same kind of disease that the women got uh in the in the clinic there that came there to deliver babies.
• 11:36
  Well, there's something in these uh cadaver's particles is what he called them in the beginning, it causes this this illness caused this disease.
• 11:45
  So he had and he discovered that the uh if you used uh coordinated line would uh eliminate the putrid order on the instrument, so they used correlated line and death rates just dropped dramatically, and then when they also started uh cleaning the instruments themselves, they dropped just virtually zero.
• 12:03
  And so he was something kind of uh particles there, it was germs, they didn't know that then causing these illnesses and so on and so forth.
• 12:10
  And he put this uh word out there, but he was just an assistant professor at this university, and the people in the higher levels, and this is something that's called the Samovice effect.
• 12:21
  Throughout history, whenever you have somebody at lower level coming up with a new idea, it gets taught rejected by the people above it over and over again.
• 12:30
  Who do you think you are?
• 12:31
  You're just some kind of little assistant professor, you're telling us we should wash our hands.
• 12:36
  There's the door buckle.
• 12:38
  Okay, so anyway, uh there's uh well, uh some other examples of that.
• 12:42
  So anyway, and during his lifetime, his results were never accepted.
• 12:47
  It wasn't until Pasteur came along and also uh Lister that it verified uh germ theory that the whole thing was finally accepted, and even then it was slow in giving getting to the United States.
• 13:00
  James Garfield, the president uh died in part because the American doctors didn't quite believe all these reports coming from uh London about germ theory, etc.
• 13:08
  etc.
• 13:09
  So there was goofy mistakes, tiny mistakes happening, causing death of the thousands of thousands because they had uh ego and obstinate attitudes just wouldn't accept the truth, slapping them in the face.
• 13:20
  Yeah, similar arrogance that we see today.
• 13:25
  You know, some things just don't seem to change no matter what evidence is presented, you know.
• 13:30
  It's a part of human nature.
• 13:32
  Another example of that very thing.
• 13:33
  Uh this movie made back in 1942, starting with Rosalind Russell about Sister Kelly.
• 13:39
  Who is she?
• 13:40
  She was a uh an Australian bushness, and she just they were saying she got there without any doctor to get her much guidance to treat the symptoms of these people that had polio.
• 13:50
  And so she would use massage and she would do exercise therapy, and she got pretty good results.
• 13:56
  Back at civilization, they were uh taking people at polio and putting in these rigid casts to keep their bones from curling.
• 14:02
  Well, okay, their bones didn't curl, but they couldn't walk either.
• 14:05
  And her system, which is physical therapy, uh, was when this became accepted and used, but the doctors for years refused to accept that, and even when they accepted it, they kind of accepted through the back door.
• 14:16
  There was never an apology issued to Senator and Sister Kelly excuses for not knowing what we're talking about, excuse me, for rejecting this the truth.
• 14:24
  Uh, and so it was just kind of accepted uh kind of backdoor wise, and now of course physical therapy for many many years has been a major treatment and polio and other uh treatments, but it was uh again in defiance of uh of the early medical establishment.
• 14:38
  Uh and um, so that's uh she was an example of that same kind of arrogance, convicted with that same kind of arrogance.
• 14:45
  You know, in all of the research that you've done between the first and the second book of uh of tiny blunders and big disasters, were there any mistakes that you found that totally surprised you on the amount of impact that those mistakes made?
• 15:02
  Um, well, the one that comes to mind when you ask that is actually we have a couple of beneficial tiny mistakes there.
• 15:09
  We're talking about in the last hundred years, two of his biggest developments in medical and medical world came as a result of mistakes in the laboratory.
• 15:19
  One of them a very, very positive outcome, the other one extremely negative outcome.
• 15:23
  They go back to London in uh 1928, uh kind of study London, and there was a professor uh Fleming there, who was known in St.
• 15:34
  Mary's Hospital, who was known for keeping a you know, sloppy lab, kind of a sloppy guy.
• 15:40
  And he turns out to be kind of the um guiding angel of slop of slobs everywhere.
• 15:44
  But anyway, he was going on vacation, and he left the window of his laboratory open, and he left these dirty dishes, petri dishes smeared with bacteria, just left him on the cadre top.
• 15:55
  They're well, I'll clean it up when I get back.
• 15:56
  So he here's this messy lab.
• 15:58
  He goes off to Scotland for two weeks.
• 16:00
  I hope he had a happy vacation.
• 16:02
  And he comes back, and in the meantime, apparently what happened that open window.
• 16:07
  I spore a kind of cell and spore going in through the window, lands in one of the petri dishes and starts to flourish.
• 16:17
  He comes back from Scotland.
• 16:19
  Whoa, what's this?
• 16:20
  Okay.
• 16:21
  Oh wow, the pillicillin mold had a halo around it, and it killed all the bacteria surrounding it.
• 16:28
  There's something, uh penicillin mold that kills bacteria.
• 16:34
  And it was a huge, huge breakthrough, one of the biggest breakthroughs in medical history.
• 16:38
  Discovery of penicillin, discovery of antibiotics, which ended up uh it was several different developments that had to take place after that, took nine years for it to be perfected, and then produced a mass quantity in 1942.
• 16:50
  They were able to start turning out uh millions of millions of dosages and saved countless lives in World War II, and it saved over half a billion, maybe even a billion lives since then.
• 16:59
  So that's a lucky accident in the uh laboratory that saved lives.
• 17:04
  On the other side, we have COVID, and we have the Wohoon see the laboratory there in uh China, in which they made uh allowed to be COVID to escape, and so far it's killed 15 million people and counting.
• 17:20
  So it's two mistakes in the laboratory.
• 17:21
  One is saved uh half a billion lives or more, the other one's cost us 15 million lives and still counting.
• 17:27
  So that's just two tiny mistakes going two different directions.
• 17:31
  Wow, those are really cool.
• 17:33
  Those are really cool examples.
• 17:35
  What are other uh examples of or one or two examples of a tiny mistake that you made a huge positive outcome?
• 17:43
  I mean, obviously, the accidental discovery of penicillin from mold is a huge use positive outcome.
• 17:50
  What other types of mistakes led to you know, we can think about mistakes making blunders, but what about turning like unexpectedly positive?
• 17:59
  Yes, um uh my emotional uh favorite book in the in the chapter of the book is uh wrong way corgan.
• 18:07
  And Romway Corrigan, by the way, is going to be published as an excerpt in the Mensa Bulletin uh this month, and it's kind of a fun uh lighthearted thing.
• 18:16
  But there was a uh man who was uh a mechanic in California, he'd worked on Lindbergh's plane uh way back when he wanted to fly the Atlantic himself, and so he had this jalopy of a plane that he was patching together this way, patching together that would take an old used engine, trying to make it a little more powerful, and he would apply for license uh for approval for the government officials back then uh to fly the Atlantic.
• 18:39
  And they said, We're not even gonna give you approval to fly the plane at all, let alone fly the other Atlantic.
• 18:44
  But anyway, they finally gave him an express after years of work, even experimental license to fly from California to New York and scheduled them to fly back.
• 18:53
  When he gets there to New York, and he hasn't given up on his dream, and so he has a leak in the plane he's worried about, but then okay, he gets it partially repaired.
• 19:01
  It's time to fly back to California, but he gets in the plane instead of flying west to California, he flies east over the open Atlantic, okay, heading towards uh London.
• 19:13
  He gets halfway there in his jalopy plane, which is held together with bailing wire and tape, and no kidding, okay.
• 19:21
  And that the leak is the sloshing around, he's getting a cold chill in his in his boots and his feet.
• 19:26
  So he because the leak is uh sloshing around the bottom of his cabin.
• 19:30
  So he gets the screwdriver, scrape, scrape, scrape, scrape, scrapes a hole in the bottom of the cabin so that the gasoline can leak out over the Atlantic, okay.
• 19:38
  And he can't see, and he has to sink his head up sideways to see.
• 19:41
  Uh, and so but sure enough, he flies into Dublin, because the airport there in Dublin circles, and it just played, and it says patchwork uh repairs all over it, and he comes, he lands and he flying and been over like this, and customs officials in uniform come up and go, Who are you?
• 20:01
  And uh, what are you doing here?
• 20:02
  He said, Well, uh, where am I?
• 20:04
  And they said, You know, you're in uh the Dublin Island.
• 20:07
  Oh, I was trying.
• 20:09
  I was trying to fly to California.
• 20:13
  Just in stunned silence, what?
• 20:15
  What?
• 20:16
  Of course, nobody believed them, which was part of the fun.
• 20:19
  So anyway, it was such a huge sensation.
• 20:22
  He goes back worldwide fame comes immediately.
• 20:26
  He goes back to New York.
• 20:27
  They're giving him a huge ticker tape, but great, a bigger turnout than Charles Lemberg, uh, and then uh RKO productions comes to contact him for making a movie.
• 20:36
  He starts their own movie, his old movie made by uh Markio Productions.
• 20:41
  He makes $75,000, which is like one and a half million dollars today.
• 20:44
  He goes on to uh raise a sister's farm in California and raise three sons.
• 20:49
  But that was a uh uh kind of a thing where he was just a hobo jalapi, kind of a guy that has this sensational uh success.
• 20:56
  So that's uh kind of a friend check.
• 20:58
  Wow.
• 20:59
  Well, your background as an infantry officer in Vietnam.
• 21:04
  Um, you have military background.
• 21:07
  Is that has that been inspiring you to a lot of your stories, even that you've told us here today have a bit of a military twist to it.
• 21:14
  Or is that what has led you into investigating military blenders?
• 21:19
  Well, uh, of course, it's kind of the first main subject that comes up with stakes made and war, uh, fortresses with gates not closed and so on like that.
• 21:28
  Uh, but I wanted to make a special effort to keep it away from being an entirely military kind of operation, the book itself.
• 21:36
  We have uh the section on uh navigational mistakes.
• 21:38
  We have really earhart, we had also the uh exploring of the South Bowl, North Bowl.
• 21:43
  That's uh in the book.
• 21:45
  We have medical mistakes that I mentioned.
• 21:47
  That's a major uh part of it as well.
• 21:49
  Navigational mistakes include Columbus, uh magnificent mistake.
• 21:54
  Uh, and so I include those as well as the military itself.
• 21:58
  I was uh it's not military orientation.
• 22:02
  Uh maybe it's more of historical uh orientation.
• 22:04
  And I think uh the stories are very I want to say very interesting, uh very novel, very catchy, very interesting.
• 22:12
  It's not like a sometimes a standard history book, sometimes scholarly history books, and they're just boring as hell.
• 22:20
  Uh so we were trying to find something fun, interesting, good uh engaging stories to tell around the fireplace, kind of thing.
• 22:28
  That's really interesting.
• 22:29
  I still find it just fascinating that you are able to dig out and find some of these teeny tiny blunders that we don't normally know about in history, and I think history is not even taught much in schools, even what we would call mainstream history.
• 22:44
  So for you to write these books and to bring it to our attention, uh, tells us the full story about what's been going on and what what really kind of happened.
• 22:52
  So I think that's really fascinating.
• 22:55
  Yes, uh, I think there's uh uh pull in the direction.
• 23:00
  I think our teachers in high school and also in college have a liberal inclination.
• 23:06
  And so to uh talk about the story of American Revolution and uh civil war that just says good things about the United States of America and about the flag uh is considered kind of passe, and therefore it's an excess on uh different areas there by talking about uh us was an evil person.
• 23:26
  Well, that's a long story there, but the uh uh slanted, I think, to bust a little bit in some of our schools, and so that's why it's not getting the support that I think it deserves.
• 23:37
  I think you're right.
• 23:39
  Well, this is a good price to hold that thought, and we're gonna take a short break to listen to hear from our sponsors uh at America Outloud.news.
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• 25:23
  We will be right back with more with from Jared Knott on his book, Tiny Blunders, Big Disasters, book two.
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  We will be right back.
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• 31:16
  Welcome back, everybody.
• 31:17
  Today we're talking to longtime writer Jared Knott about his book, Tiny Blunders and Big Disasters.
• 31:23
  It's the second book.
• 31:27
  Let me tell you just a little bit more about our today's guest, Jared Knott.
• 31:31
  Jared is a long-term writer who's been who's had numerous articles published in the Mensa Bulletin.
• 31:37
  He has contributed to graduate school textbooks on subjects ranging from Supreme Court reform to Arctic Exploration.
• 31:44
  He is a decorated combat in uh infantry officer in Vietnam in the first Air Cavalry Division.
• 31:52
  In his civil civilian career, he has served as a vice president of sales and marketing and marketing director for the home improvement industry.
• 32:01
  Jared, thank you so much for being with us here today.
• 32:04
  Um what were you what is it that you would like to add right now about the books that you've been writing?
• 32:10
  Well, if people uh could go to Tiny Blunders, Big Disasters.com.
• 32:15
  You'll see a lot of fun things there at the website.
• 32:17
  There's a fun quiz there.
• 32:19
  There are also the three Instagram reels, which is Elon Musk real, the John Wayne uh reel, and also a uh Roman Empire reel.
• 32:29
  And we also have a portrait gallery with 27 personalities with a little bit of dirt on each one.
• 32:34
  So I'm kind of kidding about that.
• 32:38
  That is a dirt on a few of them, but uh it's kind of a fun thing to read.
• 32:41
  And we have uh four sample chapters you can read there, uh, charge.
• 32:46
  So that's a fun place to visit.
• 32:48
  And uh we I think of the book as being uh not something that engages people and uh fun stories to tell uh at a group or at a party or something like that as well.
• 32:58
  It's fun uh to read.
• 33:00
  So that's uh uh that's the my whole purpose.
• 33:02
  I had fun reading it and writing it.
• 33:04
  Uh and I think I gained a lot of feedback from people, how it's a very interesting and fun book.
• 33:09
  I totally agree with that.
• 33:10
  That's really really true.
• 33:12
  I still find it just fascinating on how you researched and stumbled across these topics, because um they are so unusual that they aren't just anything that would just hop out of a book or off of a page.
• 33:24
  How did you become interesting in researching these particular topics?
• 33:29
  Well, I a lot of times it was uh something I remember reading from years ago, and so then I would dig into it and find a lot of information uh that way.
• 33:37
  And once that it's funny, writing the first book, the already drafts of it uh began with uh discussing of a professor Lorenz, who was the person that coined a phrase uh the butterfly effect.
• 33:49
  But I spent three or four or five chapters talking about this mathematician, Russell Lorenz, and I had got real good feedback uh from the gentleman that wrote the introduction to the book, uh, for book one.
• 34:00
  He was a an editor for uh McMillan for 11 years, and he said, Listen, you're gonna bore the heck out of people talking about this mathematician.
• 34:08
  They define something a little bit zippier, a little more exciting.
• 34:11
  And so I did more research and came up with something I'd not heard of before, and that was the seeking of the Titanic.
• 34:18
  And uh long story short, when they changed uh second officers just before the voyage, uh they made the voice of the Titanic, and they put one officer forgot to pass the key to the locker on to the second officer, and the binoculars were in that locker.
• 34:34
  Well, like people out there on the crow's nest were out there trying to observe by naked eye, the Atlantic looking for icebergs, and they were not in the dark, it was a black iceberg that ended up sinking the Titanic, and they didn't have the binoculars.
• 34:48
  And one of the gentlemen survived and was being uh interrogated by the investigating committee, said an investigating committee in New York after after the sinking of the Bismarck and he said, Yeah, we didn't have the binoculars, but how much of a difference that would have made?
• 35:00
  Well, we'd have seen the iceberg sooner, how much sooner will have plenty of time to have gotten out of the way.
• 35:05
  So they just had the binoculars, they would have seen the iceberg that are going to turn to port that much uh faster, and the whole disaster would have been uh avoided, except a key was not passed along from one officer to the next.
• 35:17
  That's just one tiny mistake that caused a huge, huge disaster, which is kind of the essence of the book.
• 35:23
  Wow, that's interesting.
• 35:24
  You know, you mentioned in passing the term butterfly effect.
• 35:29
  What's the butterfly content uh effect uh uh in context with human history?
• 35:34
  Yes, uh going back to Professor Lorenz, way back in the 1950s, by the way, what the league man uh, he was working on a meteorological problem, a weather prediction problem, and he had this uh uh number with a decimal and 18 small numbers behind it.
• 35:54
  Okay, it was taking the computers of the day a real long time to run such a long number.
• 35:59
  So he was those numbers are so small.
• 36:02
  Let me squack off the last six.
• 36:04
  Okay, that won't make any difference, and we'll see what comes what happens.
• 36:07
  Well, it turns out it made a huge, huge difference.
• 36:10
  Uh, there were six numbers, and he's Matthew made a big presentation to a group of mathematicians, and he was saying that would mean uh that the little tiny mistake multiplied, multiply, multiply, multiply, and has big results in the end.
• 36:23
  That would mean that a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil would set off a chain reaction that could cause a cyclone in Texas a year and a half later.
• 36:32
  Okay, that was the essence of it.
• 36:34
  So the butterfly effect principle came from that, and it certainly applies in history, tiny mistakes, having big disasters, as well as in the uh not historical world.
• 36:44
  And isn't it also an application of, you know, with one little that that there are tiny little things, which is the premise of your book, that these tiny little changes could just magnify all over the world.
• 36:57
  We don't have in our own individual lives, we don't have any idea what little steps forward that we could be taking that may make huge differences in our lives in the future.
• 37:08
  Yes, and I'll give you that connection.
• 37:10
  I'll give you an example.
• 37:11
  There was a book entitled The Butterfly, you know, kind of the uh the checklist manifesto.
• 37:17
  And it was a doctor who was wondering why the fatality rates were so high in operating rooms is getting so complicated, so difficult.
• 37:23
  Maybe it's more than what human beings are going to be able to handle.
• 37:27
  I wonder how airline pilots uh handle this same kind of situation.
• 37:31
  They have to deal with great complexity and the human mind has to be uh brought into focus so that we always sick wonder what they did.
• 37:39
  They went over there to uh to Boeing and went back to a uh famous at the time accident way back in 1936, and it had to do with an early version of the B-17.
• 37:51
  They called it the B-99 at the time.
• 37:53
  And there was two of their best pilots flying this uh this plane and test runs, and they crashed and burned.
• 38:00
  Uh, and the two pilots were killed, the pastors managed to get out.
• 38:03
  Uh, and they what happened was they forgot to turn off the uh elevator lift, which is part of the uh the pilot automatic pilot system.
• 38:10
  Okay.
• 38:11
  And so they what can we do to prevent this from happening again?
• 38:15
  Let's turn to checklists, okay?
• 38:17
  And so they had a checklist that had like 35, 40 some odd items on it.
• 38:21
  Okay, and the pilot co-pod would go to the checklist.
• 38:23
  Okay, number one, turn off this switch, click, click.
• 38:26
  Number two, let's remember turn off the elevator lift, click, click, and they have like uh two together to go to these 37 items to make sure nothing was forgotten.
• 38:36
  The human mind can only think of one thing at a time.
• 38:39
  You can do two things at once.
• 38:40
  You can drive a car, and you can uh listen to the radio, you can do two things at once, but you can't think about two things at the same time.
• 38:47
  And so if you it's 37 items that have to be done, if you happen to forget to think of one, your airplane can crash.
• 38:54
  So the checklist manifesto simple ancient tool made a dramatic difference in reducing airline uh fatalities.
• 39:01
  Okay, so doctor the doctor uh took it back and applied it to the operating room.
• 39:07
  Okay, and now here's a list 3540 items.
• 39:10
  Let's make sure we have this cart right here, make sure we have the antibiotics on the card in case we need them, and the plasma and the card in case we need it, so on and so forth, like that.
• 39:18
  And all this cover with a checklist and we review it to begin with.
• 39:22
  Well, uh, the result was that fatality as the operating room fell by like 36%.
• 39:28
  So it had a dramatic success.
• 39:29
  And now for a number of years, they're widespread all over the world using the checklist system to handle operations, uh complicated operations.
• 39:38
  Another thing they discovered that was useful in saving lives if everybody in the room introduced themselves that improved communication, and that was also good for reducing mistakes and misunderstandings.
• 39:50
  Sometimes people were afraid to question the high and mighty doctor, but everybody introduced themselves, so and so forth, got a conversation going that improved the lines of communication also was useful in.
• 40:00
  Saving lives.
• 40:00
  So that was that's one way of eliminating tiny mistakes.
• 40:03
  If you're building a birdhouse, you're building a garden, but you may want to think about checklists even in that situation or in business applications to make sure everything is brought into focus that everything is being handled step by step.
• 40:17
  Wow.
• 40:17
  That's a great outcome from a book.
• 40:27
  You know, your first book of tiny blunders and and um was uh was described as heart stopping, compelling, and fun.
• 40:37
  You bet.
• 40:38
  Would you say this the book two?
• 40:40
  That's a good description for book two, also.
• 40:42
  Yes, and I tell people that the book two is my uh 10,000 hour book.
• 40:47
  I'm very proud of book one.
• 40:48
  I thought it was an excellent book, but uh, you get better as you do things and go along for 10,000 hours.
• 40:54
  Uh, I think with book two is even outdone book one, and we're very hopeful of a lot of uh awards with the first book uh won seven awards, and we're hoping to do that well, or maybe better with uh book number uh two.
• 41:05
  Uh and so we and we're hoping to uh the two books together, we hope it's going to exceed 100,000 and 100,000 units of total sales.
• 41:14
  So we're very excited about the prospects, and it's a fun, fun book to read.
• 41:18
  Uh, with uh I had a little bit of poetry to book uh two and uh got some good results on that.
• 41:24
  So what awards did your first book win?
• 41:27
  Yes, there was the uh the uh new generation indie award, and uh it was one of the books that won the best uh history uh book.
• 41:35
  Uh it won a number of others, so there was uh uh also the uh Georgia Writer Association and so on like that.
• 41:42
  So we had a number of awards there.
• 41:44
  If you go to the website, although they're all listed there.
• 41:47
  That's really great.
• 41:49
  That's really great.
• 41:50
  And so um, what else would you like people to know about these books about how you wrote them, how you got to that point?
• 41:57
  What else would you like them to know about your two and your two really compelling books, Tiny Blunders and Big Disasters, Book One and Book Two?
• 42:06
  Yes, there's one chapter, it's actually chapter 24, but the title of it is the uh 27 Club, and what has to do about the many lives that have been lost due to substance abuse.
• 42:17
  And I think that uh every young person maybe should read that uh chapter.
• 42:21
  It starts off an interesting tale about uh uh Chris Christopherson and uh uh how he uh was able, he wrote this book, uh course Molly uh the uh song.
• 42:33
  Well, I it's best for you to read it, it's everybody trying to retell it because again, I'm thinking I do it justice, but it makes the message there is that uh if uh people sometimes take substance, alcohol smoking cigarettes, uh smoking pot, so on and so forth to make themselves feel uh emotionally comfortable with all the emotions of the body.
• 42:53
  But if they instead, if they were to exercise on a regular basis, uh weightlifting on a regular basis, it actually for young people it's important, it makes them look a lot better.
• 43:04
  The study showing gives you a lot of rich color to your face, and also makes you much more relaxed.
• 43:09
  You have the endorphins, you have the aldopamine, and you have the serotonin in your system.
• 43:14
  Uh, they give you a very relaxed feeling, and that's a much better alternative for feeling good than uh taking a substance abuse of different kinds.
• 43:23
  And so that's an important message, I think, for young people uh to read.
• 43:26
  Uh that's uh tiny blunder of taking that first pill or making that first injection that can have catastrophic results.
• 43:34
  The 27 Club is a listing of all the people who died young at the age of 27, Janice Joplin being I guess one example, uh, Jim Morrison and so on like that, uh, who died as a result of uh substance abuse, and they wouldn't have gone on to live very happy lives, except for that uh that tiny uh mistake.
• 43:54
  Is there a book three in the in the wings?
• 43:57
  Uh well, my uh wife told me if I write another book, she's got to leave me.
• 44:02
  You say you sit there in that four foot world, and I first wrote book book one.
• 44:08
  I had uh five children still at home, and I had a full-time job, and I had a wife who needs attention.
• 44:14
  Uh book two, the children are gone on their own.
• 44:17
  God bless them.
• 44:18
  Um I'm retired uh now in retirement during my retirement, but I still have a wife who needs attention.
• 44:24
  Okay, and she's telling me uh you spend all your time writing another book.
• 44:28
  You know, she's I'm kidding, but she's uh it's going to uh does not want to be invited another book.
• 44:33
  But maybe in a year or two, I have another book that I started.
• 44:36
  Um it was a different subject altogether, and it's the uh hushed up murders of famous people.
• 44:44
  They murdered big and got away with it, which is an interesting book, kind of going in a different direction.
• 44:49
  But maybe if I uh uh am real nice to uh the boss, maybe I'll be able to write that book in the next year or two.
• 44:56
  That's really good.
• 44:57
  Well, tell us a little bit about your background in terms of uh you've contributed on such wide subjects between Supreme Court reform and Arctic exploration.
• 45:08
  Um about uh what you have been writing about for the Mensi Bulletin.
• 45:13
  Yeah, the uh first they're gonna publish uh wrong way corrigon is the chapter of the publishing, it's coming out uh the 21st of this month.
• 45:20
  Uh and then I also I wrote years ago, wrote an article for the menace of bulletin about Arctic exploration, and then I have a chapter on that subject, uh talking about uh Captain Uh Scott and the South Pole, and there was a series of small mistakes, and I could have started to say uh there.
• 45:38
  That's a fascinating uh read, I think about the fact that another connected uh a subject there.
• 45:46
  I write a book, uh a chapter in the book about uh uh uh lions led by donkeys, and what that means that refers to the fact that the British soldiers talk in the skilled, courageous as any soldiers in the world, but the generals historically have been very, very poor.
• 46:01
  And why is that?
• 46:02
  They draw uh their officer support from a very uh narrow kind of uh uh genetic pool.
• 46:10
  You have to be a uh wealthy person, upper middle class or wealthy person to be able to afford the uniforms, the social engagements, etc.
• 46:16
  etc.
• 46:17
  to be able to get your commission in the British system.
• 46:20
  The American system, of course, West Point is uh 100% pay for, not only is everything free, they actually even pay a salary uh to the cadets and they have other scholarships and RTC programs, etc.
• 46:32
  So we draw our officers from sometimes very impoverished backgrounds as well as middle class as well as upper class.
• 46:39
  Uh Omar Bradley came from a very poor family, uh John Eisenhower came from a working class uh family and others uh also uh purging as well from just kind of a middle class family.
• 46:50
  They could never have afforded uh to become commissioned in the British system.
• 46:54
  So uh the um American officers did not think very much of the British officers, even to this day, they did not have a good work going back to the charge of the light brigade uh example of uh very poor leadership on the part of the British generals, and so you know they're sometimes the men in the field tough and strong save them for themselves, but it's uh it's kind of a bad situation, transferring that to the exploration of the South and uh South Pole.
• 47:20
  I'm not sure they had the best leadership in the world, and Captain Scott, who made a series of mistakes that led to a tragic uh results.
• 47:27
  So that's uh an interesting dynamic uh talking about the importance of leadership and importance of drawing your leadership uh core officer core, broad range of the uh society and not just a narrow range.
• 47:42
  How did you um come across or what did you write about with the supreme court reform?
• 47:47
  Because we've had so much trouble with our courts here lately, historically, you know, with got activist judges and you know things like that.
• 47:54
  What did you say in your writings about Supreme Court reform?
• 47:59
  Yes, uh the Constitution of the United States, uh brilliant document is a system of checks and balances.
• 48:06
  Every part of government, including the voters themselves, has a check in a balance against it.
• 48:11
  The House of Representatives, of course, they get re-elected every uh two years, but they can't pass the legislation by themselves.
• 48:18
  The Senate, uh one-third gets elected every every two years.
• 48:21
  They can't pass anything without the approval of the House of Representatives, and of course, it has to be approved by the president of the United States.
• 48:27
  Each one of those cases, they can uh one power has to be uh checking balance against the other.
• 48:34
  Uh in federal courts, though, when it comes to the Supreme Court, there is a very weak kind of check and balance against the rulings for the Supreme Court.
• 48:44
  Uh it's just it's almost impossible to have a constitutional amendment to overcome a decision by the Supreme Court and the original, whether you agree or disagree, the original ruling justifying uh abortion was really based on uh kind of a fictional kind of background.
• 49:02
  It was uh right to privacy or warranty, had to have a warrant to search and seize and so on, so it wasn't very much substance there, but it was uh put in place because the sentiment on the court was in favor of allowing abortions, and so whether it was a good decision or a bad decision, it was done uh without much substance behind it.
• 49:22
  And if it had uh opportunity for checks and balances, maybe it's 60 percent of the Congress and the Senate uh would have wanted to overturn it or something like that, it might not have gone through.
• 49:33
  So that's one of the main points that was making in that uh article that was written over over 10 years ago.
• 49:39
  Um, but of course, you could argue the other way, maybe uh maybe it was a good decision, uh, it but this didn't have a good substance uh behind it in terms of it's uh it's legal support.
• 49:49
  So are there any particular uh current day modern topics that you're really working on?
• 49:56
  Well, the uh of course the book covers a whole bunch of them.
• 49:59
  Uh the
• 50:00
  As one article article there that had to do with October the 7th, in which I've kind of weighed into some current uh politics to some extent.
• 50:09
  Not everybody's happy with that chapter, but I was saying basically that the uh Israelis uh known for being uh extremely well developed in terms of intelligence system, being able to see around the corner to the Arab world in that particular situation.
• 50:24
  They completely lower the guard.
• 50:26
  Maybe it was a question of um of uh uh the success that is the uh uh victory syndrome.
• 50:33
  Uh and when you get to me successes, one after the other may start to get complacent and be sort of like you know after making further improvements to what you're doing.
• 50:43
  And so you can be blindsided or something you didn't see coming down the road that maybe uh victor disease, they call it victory disease, maybe what uh effectively it's ready situation, not being able to see what was coming because there was evidence by the way on the subject in almost every surprise attack to history going back over years is almost without exception.
• 51:04
  Is that we were early indications that something was coming, and it was just ignored by the people in control there.
• 51:12
  Uh we all want to sleep well at night.
• 51:14
  We all want to feel uh well rested and not uh uh too worried, and here's coming early indications that there's a problem coming down the other way, and so often they're put in the wrong context, or so often we take counsel from our wishes rather than from our fears.
• 51:29
  And here comes this gigantic surprise.
• 51:31
  And that's what happened on October 7th.
• 51:33
  You could argue it happened uh when uh World War II and uh Pearl Harbor, that's a whole different subject.
• 51:40
  I won't uh get into that, but example exactly throughout history.
• 51:44
  That seems to be the case.
• 51:45
  People just want to quite pay attention to the early signals that were coming in that trouble was on the way.
• 51:51
  Wow.
• 51:52
  Well, those are all really important topics that we're really glad you're covering, and we hope that your wife gives you grace and allows you to write a third book because these topics are so important.
• 52:02
  We've got just about two minutes left in our time here today, Jared.
• 52:06
  Tell us what you would the best place for people to go to buy tiny blunders, big disasters, both book one and book two, the many tiny mistakes that change the world forever.
• 52:16
  Where's the best place that people should go?
• 52:18
  Yes, you can go directly to Amazon, but I think my favorite recommendation is to go to the website, uh Tiny Blunders Big Disasters.com.
• 52:26
  And it has let's see, it has a fun quiz there, it has a portrait gallery that I mentioned there.
• 52:30
  It has a book trader there, it has the three Instagram reels, which are a lot of fun uh to watch there, especially John Wayman, I think.
• 52:38
  And then it has the uh four uh chapters there.
• 52:42
  One recorgan is one of the uh chapters being a sample there.
• 52:45
  And so you can go there, you can have a fun time, and uh you can uh see my list of my awards there and uh enjoy it that way.
• 52:52
  We have a uh special that we're running uh this uh this week, and uh so you can get it a little bit cheaper than the regularly good, both the electronic version and also the written version of the electronic version has uh color pictures in it, and sometimes in some ways it's more fun to read.
• 53:09
  We start off with a volcano, okay, in chapter one, which is kind of fun to uh to read about the human race was nearly made extinct 70,000 years ago by the Toba volcano.
• 53:20
  Uh we came within uh, I think there was only about five or ten thousand human beings, early versions of human beings left after the alcano because it caused this huge nuclear winter, uh blotted at the sun for months and months and months, all the crops failed, and all the uh animals are uh crashed and died.
• 53:37
  There was human beings were hanging on by their fingernails, and just a little bit of a push in the wrong direction.
• 53:42
  Our ancestors wouldn't be here, it wouldn't have been there, and we wouldn't be here either.
• 53:46
  But that was a yeah, that was kind of kind of starts with a book starts with a bang there.
• 53:51
  And again, that's uh I think a fun part of the book.
• 53:54
  Well, that's really great.
• 53:55
  So it's for the for the audience.
• 53:57
  Say your website one more time.
• 53:59
  Yes, that tiny blunders, big disasters.com.
• 54:03
  Tiny blunders, big disasters.com, and you can go there and uh have a have a blast.
• 54:09
  Have a blast.
• 54:10
  Book one and book two for directly from you.
• 54:12
  Yes, yes, absolutely.
• 54:14
  Right.
• 54:14
  Tell our listeners, you know, when I was doing our other podcast, it was called This Week with Dr.
• 54:19
  T and also Happy Hour Dr.
• 54:20
  T.
• 54:21
  Uh, we interviewed a lot of authors there.
• 54:23
  And I would always tell our audience uh go to Amazon, read the reviews, then go to the author's site, buy directly from the author because Amazon takes a big cut of their sales price.
• 54:35
  Then if you like the book and you're really enjoying it, go back to Amazon and write a review because the reviews really help with the sales and really help people know, even if it's just a sentence or two that I really enjoyed this book, or maybe in this case, your favorite blunder that you picked out from reading all these different things, what you like about it and why.
• 54:55
  So I think that that's really important for these two books in particular because they are really delightful to read.
• 55:01
  And I've really enjoyed having Jared on our show today.
• 55:04
  So with that, I want to close out with one of our favorite verses from the Bible that I close all my podcasts with, whether they are live or pre-recorded, which is rejoice in hope, be patient in trouble, and be persistent in prayer.
• 55:16
  It's a simple, uh simple message from Romans 12:12 that can apply to all circumstances.
• 55:22
  Lean into God, trust him for everything.
• 55:23
  He will never let you down.
• 55:25
  So we'll see you here tomorrow, same place, same time, 3 p.m.
• 55:28
  Eastern time, through America Outloud.news, iHeartRadio, or your favorite podcast platform, or you can find them at DR10Penny.com.
• 55:36
  You can find them on Rumble, you can find them on X.
• 55:39
  We're trying to make these widely available so that you really have a lot of different choices and different things to learn and study about, get some laughter about, and really expand your horizons because these are not books that you would might generally walk into Barnes and Nobles and pick off the shelf.
• 55:56
  And that's what we're trying to do is to give you education and some some real different perspectives.
• 56:01
  Um please go to dr10penny.com if you want to find out more about me and about the work that we do.
• 56:06
  You can find my book there, Zero Accountability in a Failed System.
• 56:09
  You can sign up for our Substacks, which is DR10penny.substack.com and 10penny walk with God.substack dot com.
• 56:17
  They're both totally free.
• 56:18
  Um we always take donations, which is great, but for most part they're free.
• 56:22
  If I'm going to spend the time writing it, I really want you to read it.
• 56:24
  So I don't believe in paywalls.
• 56:26
  We'll have you there to come and get some education and have a lot of fun.
• 56:31
  So have a great rest of your day, everyone.
• 56:33
  We will see you here tomorrow at 3 p.m.
• 56:35
  or the next time on the 10 Penny Files.
• 56:38
  Thank you so much.
• 56:39
  Goodbye, and God bless.