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How one Georgia delegate led the entire colony to independence · Cultural Wars | America Out Loud News

• 0:23
  Well, Mother's Day is just around the corner this Sunday.
• 0:26
  It is a uh it's just one of those days here in America that we we celebrate really the people we should be celebrating the most, right?
• 0:36
  Moms, uh, they are uh it takes a special person to be a mom.
• 0:43
  It it truly does.
• 0:44
  My mom was uh she was fantastic.
• 0:49
  Somebody, one of my students asked me the other day what my favorite food was, and instantly, instantly I went to my mom's lasagna, and my mind and my senses started, I started smelling it.
• 1:03
  My mouth started watering a little bit.
• 1:05
  Well, it's watering right now, even as we speak, I could taste it, I could uh just uh you know smell the the um the scent of of the lasagna baking.
• 1:19
  Does it bake?
• 1:19
  Is that what I don't know?
• 1:21
  I'm I'm not uh I'm not a kitchen connoisseur.
• 1:25
  Does the lasagna bake?
• 1:27
  All right, maybe it does.
• 1:30
  And then the the taste and just the the look of the noodles, ah, my mom's lasagna.
• 1:36
  And it just took me back there, and she was you know, she cooked every night for five.
• 1:43
  She worked during the day, she got home, she cooked for five.
• 1:47
  We took turns doing the dishes.
• 1:50
  I was the baby, so I I don't, you know, I probably got got out of that, got out of the uh the the dishwashing chore.
• 1:58
  I remember drawing though, you know, we all had our jobs to do, but it was it was our mom who was who was spearheading the whole thing, and she was a special lady, and I'm sure your mom is also a special lady.
• 2:13
  And I you know, our parents aren't perfect looking back and and thinking back through my child.
• 2:19
  My parents weren't perfect as a parent.
• 2:21
  I'm I'm certainly not perfect, have not been perfect.
• 2:25
  I doubt that any of us have been perfect as parents.
• 2:29
  We don't get a guide book.
• 2:31
  We just we're out there doing our best, and especially the moms.
• 2:35
  They're out there doing everything that they can possibly do to raise their children in in the best way possible, the best way that they see fit.
• 2:47
  So credit for starting Mother's Day and honoring our moms goes to a school teacher named Anna Jarvis.
• 2:55
  Have you have you heard this story of Anna Jarvis?
• 2:58
  This is kind of a little annual mini history class that that we do when it gets close to Mother's Day.
• 3:05
  Uh the campaign started by Anna Jarvis to organize a holiday for moms began as a way to honor the memory of her own mother.
• 3:17
  Anna Marie Reeves Jarvis, the elder Jarvis had devoted much of her life to the Andrews Methodist Episcopal Church of Grafton, West Virginia.
• 3:28
  Did you know that there was a Methodist Episcopal church?
• 3:33
  Uh so in May 1908, at Young Anna Jarvis's urging, the church held a service honoring mothers.
• 3:43
  And Anna Jarvis, who lived in Philadelphia, also convinced, excuse me, also convinced a merchant by the name of John Wanamaker.
• 3:55
  She convinced him to join her cause and establishing Mother's Day, and he held an afternoon service in the store, and in his store, just you know, up and held an afternoon service for all the moms.
• 4:12
  And within just a couple of years, the custom had spread to other states, and everybody else starts to celebrate Mother's Day.
• 4:22
  At one of the first Mother's Day services, Jarvis distributed white carnations.
• 4:29
  That was that was her mother's favorite flower, by the way.
• 4:47
  White flowers in memory of deceased mothers and brightly colored ones in memory of the moms who are still living.
• 4:57
  Jarvis and her supporters convinced ministers, politicians, businessmen, many individuals they convinced to support the goal of starting a national observance for moms.
• 5:11
  And on May 8th, 1914, Congress passed a joint resolution designating the second Sunday in May as Mother's Day.
• 5:22
  The next day, President Woodrow Wilson issued the first Mother's Day presidential proclamation calling for a public expression of our love and reverence for mothers all over the country.
• 5:36
  So there you have it.
• 6:12
  Okay, so happy Mother's Day.
• 6:14
  Happy Mother's Day to one and all.
• 6:16
  All right, let's let's go to another history class, a history class of another sort.
• 6:23
  It is the 250th anniversary.
• 6:27
  You're all aware of this.
• 6:28
  I know that you are.
• 7:00
  Glorious country that has that has survived under one constitution for low these many years and it's because of the declaration of independence.
• 7:11
  And we're the 250 years.
• 7:14
  I just, you know, when I think about it, I am in awe.
• 7:18
  I truly am.
• 7:20
  And it's it's exciting to be alive during the 250th.
• 7:26
  Anyone else out there feel it besides me?
• 7:26
  Anybody else out there feel it besides me.
• 7:30
  All right.
• 7:30
  Today I want to, I want to get into Georgia.
• 7:34
  Georgia is unique.
• 7:36
  There's a unique situation happening in Georgia.
• 7:38
  Not only now, not only now, not only we're watching things unfold from 2020 going on down there in Georgia.
• 7:50
  Did the devil go to Georgia once?
• 7:53
  But here in 1774 and 75 and 76, Georgia is a it's a unique place.
• 8:10
  And after the Stamp Act is repealed, and news of the intolerable acts reaches Georgia, they have a meeting there in opposition to the royal governor.
• 8:25
  Now, Georgia is a royal colony, which means the king appoints a royal governor.
• 8:32
  And ultimately, what the king says goes, it's his colony.
• 8:37
  It is operating under his command.
• 8:41
  And the citizens there after the intolerable acts, they have a meeting in opposition to the royal governor.
• 8:50
  The whole point is to consider the critical situation of the colonies.
• 8:55
  And due to these, what they believed arbitrary acts, uh, punishing Boston and punishing other locales, but mostly Boston.
• 9:06
  Uh and also to the current act at the time of raising a quote, perpetual revenue without the consent of the people or their representatives.
• 9:17
  Taxation without representation.
• 9:21
  It was felt at the time that these measures were particularly calculated to deprive the American subjects of their constitutional rights and liberties as part of the British Empire, because they felt like they had constitutional rights as British citizens, because they were.
• 10:15
  Everybody wake up.
• 10:16
  The regulars are here because they they believe themselves to be British citizens.
• 10:22
  So here in Georgia, everyone in the province, they're invited, they are requested to attend at the Liberty Pole at Tonde's Tavern in Savannah in July 1774.
• 10:36
  They're gonna they're gonna gather at the Liberty Pole in order to act on such constitutional measures as quote, may then appear to be most eligible, which constitutional measures are eligible, gang, because we're we're gonna figure it out.
• 10:52
  We're gonna gather down there at the Liberty Pole.
• 10:55
  We're gonna get to the bottom of this.
• 10:57
  The notice was signed by Noble W.
• 11:00
  Jones, Archibald Bullock, John Huston, and George Walton.
• 11:07
  Walton, of course, would would be would later become a signer of the declaration.
• 11:12
  You know that the name Noble, this dude's name is Noble W.
• 11:15
  Jones, the leader of this pack.
• 11:17
  You gotta love it when your name is Noble.
• 11:20
  I wonder why we don't name our sons noble anymore.
• 11:24
  Hmm.
• 11:25
  So the meeting at the Liberty Pole appoints a committee to start correspondence with the different parishes.
• 11:35
  So this was before we had colonies or no, I'm not colonies.
• 11:39
  Um not colonies.
• 11:43
  Uh uh what's the word I'm looking for?
• 11:46
  Counties, thank you.
• 11:47
  This was before we had counties in in Georgia, they were called parishes.
• 11:54
  So they start this committee to start a correspondence with the with the different uh parishes.
• 12:06
  Of course, the whole point of communicating with the other parishes is to invite their cooperation and acting with the other colonies because they're they're getting wind of what the colonies are doing.
• 12:19
  And this particular parish here in Georgia, uh, I think it's St.
• 12:24
  John's Parish.
• 12:25
  They're kind of leading the charge here, and they're inviting the other parishes to communicate with them so they can communicate with the colonies.
• 12:34
  Uh, of course, the royal governor is not happy about this.
• 12:37
  Governor Wright, sort of to to counteract this communication to counteract this unity amongst the parishes, amongst the counties, as it were.
• 12:49
  Wright sends messengers to the to the various parishes to obtain signatures on a pledge of loyalty to the royal cause.
• 12:59
  So he sends out his messengers, and they are traveling far and wide.
• 13:04
  Pledge your loyalty to the royal governor, pledge your loyalty to the king.
• 13:09
  Ignore what these men are trying to do.
• 13:12
  They're trying to cause division and unity.
• 13:14
  They're not trying to unify the colonies, they're not trying to unify the counties, the parishes, as the representative of St.
• 13:24
  John's Parish.
• 13:26
  Dr.
• 13:27
  Hall attended this particular meeting at the Liberty Pole in Savannah.
• 13:34
  And he was present then at a convention that was held in Savannah in January 1775.
• 13:42
  So again, this Liberty Pole meeting takes place 1774 in July.
• 13:49
  Once we get to the new year in January, I mean, things are heating up, and there is a provincial convention in Savannah in January.
• 14:00
  However, unfortunately for Georgians, this provincial convention failed to adopt the Continental Association that was passed at the first Congress in Philadelphia.
• 14:00
  However, unfortunately for Georgians, this provincial convention failed to adopt the continental association that was passed at the first Congress in Philadelphia.
• 14:14
  In other words, Georgia's not climbing on board.
• 14:14
  In other words, Georgia's not climbing on board.
• 14:17
  There's not a uh a majority vote.
• 14:20
  The majority of the people don't feel like it's necessary to bring Georgia into the freight.
• 14:20
  The majority of the people don't feel like it's necessary to to bring Georgia into the fray.
• 14:28
  So apparently, apparently.
• 14:28
  So apparently, apparently, Royal Governor Wright accomplished what he wanted to accomplish and sending out his writers, his messengers to secure signatures of loyalty to himself and to the king.
• 14:46
  It is Dr.
• 14:48
  Hall here at this meeting, uh, his report afterwards created such dissatisfaction among his constituents that they applied in a letter signed by Hall to the Committee of Correspondence in Charleston, South Carolina, requesting permission to join with them to concur in the non-importation act.
• 15:13
  So this parish in Georgia, they want to join up with South Carolina.
• 15:18
  They're like, look, we the rest of the people here in Georgia, they're not on board.
• 15:24
  The royal governor has duped them into signing a petition of loyalty to the to the king and to the governor, but not us.
• 15:34
  We are awake.
• 15:36
  The people in St.
• 15:37
  John's Parish here in Georgia, we are awake and we are ready to fight this cause.
• 15:42
  So they send this letter to South Carolina.
• 15:45
  They they ask for permission to join with them and the South Carolina Committee while praising the patriotism of the Georgia parish and urging the residents to continue their quote, laudable exertions.
• 16:00
  South Carolina decided that it would be a violation of the Continental Association to act with a part of a province, as the article articles of association specified an undivided colony or an undivided providence or a province.
• 16:19
  So their request denied by South Carolina, Dr.
• 16:24
  Hall and his fellow citizens were then forced to trade with the other parishes of Georgia.
• 16:32
  But St.
• 16:33
  John's passed resolutions binding themselves not to purchase any slave imported into Savannah, nor to trade with that city or elsewhere, except for absolute necessities.
• 16:46
  This is interesting.
• 16:48
  Were you aware of this?
• 16:49
  St.
• 16:50
  John's Parish.
• 16:56
  But they divested themselves from Savannah specifically because of the slave trade.
• 17:04
  You know, Georgia gets a bum rap because it was Georgia and South Carolina who did not climb on board Jefferson's first draft of the declaration because of his uh his mention of the slave trade, because it was listed in his grievances against the king.
• 17:26
  But this parish here in Georgia, they they want nothing to do with the slave trade.
• 17:30
  And they're upset with Savannah and they divest themselves from Savannah because of that.
• 17:38
  And also because Savannah and the other uh parishes are not willing to climb on board this this discussion.
• 17:48
  They're not willing to join up with the other colonies.
• 17:52
  But Dr.
• 17:52
  Hall here is a visionary.
• 17:54
  He he's a man who who understands uh what is coming down the pike.
• 18:00
  He gets it.
• 18:01
  His eyes are his eyes are wide open here.
• 18:04
  So the next move of the parish here, St.
• 18:06
  John's, was to appoint a delegate to represent them.
• 18:10
  St.
• 18:10
  John's Parish Parish in Congress at Philadelphia.
• 18:15
  Hey, look, if Georgia's not going to send representatives, by golly, St.
• 18:19
  John's Parish is.
• 18:32
  Uh to carry the water for the parish for St.
• 18:38
  John's Parish.
• 18:40
  Governor Wright uh is very upset about this.
• 18:44
  He wrote to the Earl of Dartmouth about the situation in St.
• 18:49
  John's Parish.
• 18:50
  He said that a few descendants of New Englanders there were sending Lyman Hall of New England extract.
• 18:58
  So Lyman Hall lives in Georgia, but they refer to him as a New England extract.
• 19:02
  They're sending Lyman Hall, the New England extract to Philadelphia.
• 19:06
  And that he expected Hall would receive the same treatment from Congress, which was given the representatives of these poor insignificant fanatics at Charleston.
• 19:20
  Poor insignificant fanatics.
• 19:23
  It's what the royal governor here in Georgia.
• 19:26
  That's what he referred to to these people who were opposing taxation without representation.
• 19:33
  They're nothing but poor and significant fanatics.
• 19:36
  And and St.
• 19:39
  John's Parish is sending Dr.
• 19:41
  Lyman Hall over there, and he's going to be treated poorly when he when he arrives.
• 19:44
  I can promise you that when he gets to Philadelphia, they're going to treat him poorly.
• 19:50
  On May 13th, however, Dr.
• 19:52
  Hall arrives in Philadelphia, produces his credentials at the second Continental Congress.
• 19:59
  And contrary to the governor's prediction, Dr.
• 20:03
  Hall is immediate is immediately admitted as a delegate from the parish of St.
• 20:09
  John, subject to the determination of Congress as to his voting ability.
• 20:17
  So Dr.
• 20:17
  Hall shows up, not as a delegate for Georgia, but as a delegate for the parish of St.
• 20:24
  John.
• 20:25
  He's like, look, Georgia's not going to get this done.
• 20:28
  St.
• 20:28
  John's Parish is going to get this done.
• 20:31
  All right.
• 20:32
  Looking at the clock here.
• 20:34
  I told you Georgia was interesting.
• 20:36
  And the people here in Georgia are interesting.
• 20:39
  Uh when you've got patriots that realize their colony is unwilling to get on board yet.
• 20:46
  They are willing and they're going to do whatever it takes to make this happen.
• 20:50
  This the story here in Georgia is absolutely intriguing.
• 20:54
  All right, we're going to pick more up on the other side of this break.
• 20:56
  You're listening to the dean's list.
• 20:58
  History class on America out loud talk radio.
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  All right, my friends, back to history class.
• 25:21
  So Dr.
• 25:21
  Hall, Dr.
• 25:23
  Lyman Hall.
• 25:25
  Uh, and the citizens from St.
• 25:27
  John's Parish have decided that look, since Georgia's not they're not willing to get on board, this parish is.
• 25:34
  And they send Lyman Hall to Philadelphia to represent them, just the parish.
• 25:41
  Because the colony, you know, they're not there, but but the parish is.
• 25:44
  So he shows up.
• 25:46
  He's treated very well after some debate.
• 25:50
  Uh, there in Philadelphia.
• 25:53
  May 13th is when he arrives.
• 25:55
  Dr.
• 25:55
  Hall stated that since he represented only a portion of a colony, meaning St.
• 26:02
  John's Parish, he did not insist on voting for the whole colony.
• 26:06
  He was satisfied to take part in the debates and to vote only on those occasions when the vote was not taken by colonies.
• 26:16
  He concluded by expressing the earnest hope that the example of St.
• 26:20
  John's Parish would soon be followed by the rest of the colony of Georgia.
• 26:26
  This is important here.
• 26:28
  This is somebody who at the time is going against the tide.
• 26:33
  He's going against conventional wisdom.
• 26:36
  His colony's not on board.
• 26:38
  But he is.
• 26:40
  And resolutely, he shows up.
• 26:43
  And he says, look, I'm not I'm not representing the entire colony, so I I don't think it's fair that I vote for the entire colony.
• 26:52
  But when colonies aren't voting, then yes, I will take part in a vote.
• 26:56
  But I'm I'm here hoping, beyond hope, even that my example will be bright, that my example will be a shining light through the rest of Georgia.
• 27:12
  That eyes will be open, that people will see what we're doing here.
• 27:16
  People will understand what we're pursuing and the truth and the goodness and the beauty that we are going after.
• 27:26
  This transplanted New Englander, uh, as he was referred by um by the governor, the New England extract.
• 27:35
  It's kind of funny.
• 27:37
  Uh he didn't have long to wait for his wish to come true in July of 1775.
• 27:45
  Georgia's provincial congress finally gets on board, and they vote to join the sister colonies and the great and important cause of liberty.
• 27:56
  And they elected five delegates, including Lyman Hall, to the Continental Congress.
• 28:00
  To the Continental Congress.
• 28:03
  They finally get on board.
• 28:03
  They finally get on board.
• 28:04
  And it's and the only reason they get on board is because of Lyman Hall's example and his leadership and the leadership of of those other individuals in St.
• 28:04
  And it's and the only reason they get on board is because of Lyman Hall's example and his leadership and the leadership of those other individuals in St.
• 28:16
  John's Parish, who they just were not willing to roll over.
• 28:16
  John's Parish, who they just were not willing to roll over.
• 28:20
  They they were not willing to take no for an answer.
• 28:21
  They were not willing to take note for an answer.
• 28:25
  And if they couldn't convince everybody else to join them, they were just gonna, they were gonna go on their own.
• 28:25
  And if they couldn't convince everybody else to join them, that they were just gonna they were gonna go on.
• 28:32
  And it was that attitude that finally convinced everyone else to join them.
• 28:37
  So July 75.
• 28:40
  Georgia elects five delegates.
• 28:43
  They're re-elected in February of 1776, the following year.
• 28:49
  So Dr.
• 28:50
  Lyman Hall, a member of the violent phalanx.
• 28:54
  That's what he was referred to as.
• 28:56
  You know what that means, don't you?
• 28:57
  The violent phalanx.
• 29:00
  PH A L A N X, the spear.
• 29:05
  He was part of the John Adams group, the Lyman Hall.
• 29:09
  And it was said that these guys from Georgia often voted with South Carolina.
• 29:17
  And it was, you know, the guys from South Carolina, they were they were kind of on the fence.
• 29:22
  If you recall when we talked about South Carolina, when South Carolina showed up, John Dickinson and the moderates wooed South Carolina heavily, went after them heavily.
• 29:34
  And it was Georgia that kind of they were kind of in in lockstep with with South Carolina.
• 29:42
  But Dr.
• 29:43
  Hall here was a member of the violent Phalanx.
• 29:46
  He was present in Congress to vote when it came time to vote for the declaration.
• 29:52
  And he signed it.
• 29:57
  He was on board along with him.
• 30:02
  Dr.
• 30:03
  Hall in the parish of St.
• 30:04
  John and joining with the Continental Congress set an example, a student followed by other parishes, as I mentioned.
• 30:11
  And so when Georgia as a whole sent representatives to Congress, the United Colonies became unanimous in their opposition to British oppression.
• 30:22
  It was up to Georgia.
• 30:23
  They were the last in the final holdouts here.
• 30:32
  The other 12, they were there.
• 30:34
  And they were ready to go.
• 30:35
  Now, while New York, and we haven't really got to to New York yet, while they didn't vote for independence, they were they abstained.
• 30:47
  They did not have permission from their provincial Congress, their delegates, John Jay and the gang.
• 30:53
  They did not have permission to vote.
• 30:55
  So they didn't.
• 30:56
  So technically, 11 colonies voted for independence.
• 31:02
  But they still considered it unanimous because everybody knew at the onset, New York was not going to vote, even though their delegates were on board.
• 31:11
  So Georgia here is considered that the final holdout.
• 31:15
  And when Georgia as a whole sent representatives to Congress, they're considered unanimous in opposing British oppression.
• 31:27
  On the adoption here in 1777 of the first constitution of the state of Georgia, the parish of St.
• 31:35
  John was incorporated into a county, suitably called Liberty County.
• 31:41
  You gotta love that.
• 31:45
  When they become a county, their name is Liberty, because they were the leaders of the pack here in Georgia.
• 31:52
  If you live in Liberty County, by the way, if you're listening live and or on podcast, and you live in Liberty County, there is your history.
• 32:04
  Those of you that live in Liberty County, Georgia.
• 32:08
  You have a rich history.
• 32:09
  You have much to live up to.
• 32:14
  Those are big shoes to fill if you live in Liberty County.
• 32:19
  Other parishes were renamed as counties in honor of members of the British Parliament.
• 32:27
  Did you know that?
• 32:28
  Members of the British Parliament specifically who had advocated the rights of British colonies in America.
• 32:36
  So you have Chatham, you have Effingham, you have Burke, Richmond, Wilkes, Glenn, and Camden.
• 32:46
  These are all colonies named after influential members of British Parliament who were in support of the American colonies.
• 32:54
  Did you know that?
• 32:55
  Little little history lesson for those of you who uh who happened to live in those colonies in Georgia.
• 33:06
  In recognition of Dr.
• 33:08
  Hall's contribution to freedom, Dr.
• 33:10
  Lyman Hall here, a Georgia County established and later was named specifically for him.
• 33:16
  So if you live in Hall County, Hall County, Georgia, your county is named after Dr.
• 33:22
  Lyman Hall, who spearheaded this whole thing.
• 33:27
  He led the charge.
• 33:29
  Led the charge in St.
• 33:30
  John's Parish, eventually bringing Georgia on board, Georgia into the fold.
• 33:38
  And he's got a county named after him.
• 33:40
  All right.
• 33:41
  A little bit of a little bit of history here in Georgia.
• 33:45
  So other delegates elected alongside Dr.
• 33:49
  Lyman Hall.
• 33:50
  Archibald Bullock, we we mentioned Archibald Bullock.
• 33:54
  He uh was one of the men who organized that first meeting at the Liberty Pole in Savannah.
• 34:02
  Archibald Bullock, John Houston, the Reverend Dr.
• 34:07
  Zubley.
• 34:07
  We'll talk about, we'll talk about Dr.
• 34:09
  Zubley, the Reverend.
• 34:11
  Yeah, we'll get to him in a minute.
• 34:14
  Deck Crook, Reverend Dr.
• 34:16
  Zubley.
• 34:17
  All right.
• 34:18
  And Noble W.
• 34:19
  Jones.
• 34:20
  Noble W.
• 34:22
  Jones.
• 34:23
  He was also a delegate here from Georgia.
• 34:28
  On September 13th, 1775, Bullock, Houston, and the Reverend Dr.
• 34:36
  Zubley attended Congress.
• 34:39
  They showed up September 13th, two days later, Richard Smith of New Jersey.
• 34:48
  We've we've referred to the to the Smith Diary.
• 34:51
  He remarked in his diary that two of the Georgia delegates are possessed of homespun suits of clothes and adornment, few other members can boast of, besides my brother Crane and myself.
• 35:00
  An adornment, few other members can boast of, besides my brother Crane and myself.
• 35:09
  Bullock was one of the pair clothed in American manufacture, according to John Adams diary.
• 35:10
  Bullock was one of the pair clothed in American manufacture, according to John Adams' diary.
• 35:16
  So these guys show up, and they're not wearing the European threads.
• 35:16
  So these guys show up, and they're not wearing the European threads.
• 35:22
  And they are in homespun suits of clothes and adornment, few other members can boast of.
• 35:22
  And they are in homespun suits of clothes and adornment, few other members can boast of.
• 35:32
  Feeling proud about their clothing.
• 35:34
  Um at least in their homespun Georgia, I don't know, maybe maybe Georgia cotton.
• 35:43
  I don't know.
• 35:45
  But here it is.
• 35:46
  One evening, one Sunday evening, late in September.
• 35:50
  John Houston and Samuel Adams disputed the whole time in good humor.
• 35:55
  They are both dabs at disputation.
• 35:59
  Those are the notes here.
• 36:01
  Uh Samuel Adams and John Houston.
• 36:04
  Houston, of course, is a delegate.
• 36:06
  Uh, and they dispute and and and good humor.
• 36:10
  Houston was for acting offensively if Dickinson's petition to the king was rejected.
• 36:19
  So as I mentioned, Georgia really, you know, they they they come on board here and they're they're pretty much aligned with South Carolina.
• 36:30
  And John Dickinson and the moderates, they are wooing the men from South Carolina heavily because they've got to turn the tide.
• 36:40
  And and they can, you know, they've they've taken the temperature of the room, as it were, and they see which sides of the fence the colonies are going to line up on.
• 36:52
  Are they gonna line up with with John Adams violent?
• 36:56
  Or are they gonna line up with John Dickinson's moderates and and Houston here?
• 37:01
  While Lyman Hall is part of the violent phallics, as I mentioned, Houston is on board with with John Dickinson.
• 37:10
  And Houston was for acting offensively, according to the notes.
• 37:14
  If Dickinson's petition to the king was rejected, and he and Bullock gave, quote, a melancholy account of the state of Georgia in South Carolina.
• 37:25
  Bullet, quote, a solid, clever man, later president of Georgia, was an ancestor of president Theodore Roosevelt.
• 37:34
  So Roosevelt's coming from the bullock line.
• 37:39
  So these you know, these two men in particular, they're they're aligning themselves with uh with South Carolina, they're aligning themselves with uh with the moderate party from Dickinson.
• 37:52
  So Georgia's kind of coming into this somewhat split.
• 37:57
  You've got Lyman Hall, who who was leading this charge.
• 38:01
  Makes me wonder here when the other parishes in Georgia finally said, you know what, we'll do this.
• 38:09
  Lyman, oh that Lyman Hall, that Hall character, he's really a thorn on our side.
• 38:14
  But let's let's do this.
• 38:16
  Let's get on board here.
• 38:18
  And maybe let's get on board with the purpose of thwarting the efforts.
• 38:23
  Hmm.
• 38:24
  You think that that was that was a possibility?
• 38:28
  Let's send these delegates to the Continental Congress, and let's implant some spies.
• 38:37
  Let's let's thwart their operations.
• 38:41
  Let's let's get in here and let's let's turn this thing upside down a little bit.
• 38:46
  There is some evidence here.
• 38:47
  There is some evidence to that to that fact that perhaps that was a dilemma that was being introduced.
• 38:56
  Bump bump bum.
• 38:58
  There is a spy in our midst.
• 39:01
  My friends, a spy.
• 39:03
  And we're gonna get into that.
• 39:05
  We're gonna we're gonna pick, we're gonna pick up the spy from Georgia.
• 39:09
  This is a uh a part of the tale that that we don't hear a lot from.
• 39:13
  I mean, we hear a lot about the trader Benedict Arnold.
• 39:17
  Uh, and you know, sometimes we get uh we we hear a little bit about church and his traitorous ways.
• 39:25
  Uh we we might know a little bit about about General Charles Lee and his uh his move to unseat Washington and his move to perhaps gain others to to his endeavor.
• 39:42
  But we know very little about the traitor in our midst from Georgia.
• 39:46
  The devil did indeed go down to Georgia, and he got some traders, got some traders and sent them to Philadelphia.
• 39:56
  All right, we're gonna pick that story up.
• 39:57
  It's a good one.
• 39:58
  We're gonna pick it up on the other side of this break.
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  Yes, you are welcome.
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  You are welcome for that.
• 43:02
  All right, let's let's go back to Georgia because there are some things happening here in Georgia that we just we don't hear about.
• 43:10
  We don't, I mean, you know, Benedict Arnold gets all the all the glory and all the credit when it comes to traitorous treasonous activity.
• 43:19
  And you know who we're who we're leaving off.
• 43:22
  We're leaving off the good Reverend Dr.
• 43:25
  Zubley.
• 43:26
  Reverend Dr.
• 43:27
  Zubley.
• 43:28
  So as I mentioned, it is it is altogether probable that Georgia, this royal governor over there in Georgia, uh White, is that his name?
• 43:40
  I think it's white.
• 43:42
  Don't uh don't quote me because I don't I I think it's white.
• 43:49
  We're gonna we're gonna go with white.
• 43:51
  Um he's not uh he's not one of the good guys, uh, as a matter of fact.
• 43:58
  He is uh he he's devious, he's scandalous, he he knows that he needs to somehow put a stop to what to what's happening.
• 44:10
  He he wants loyalty, he wants uh the residents of Georgia to uh to give him their their undying support, their undying love, they're you know, fill in the blank.
• 44:24
  That's what he wants.
• 44:26
  And it is altogether probable that he has spies that he has put in put in spies, and it's these um these spies that obviously he does have a spy, and it's the uh the reverend Dr.
• 44:43
  Zubley, as it turns out, Zubley is he is working for the governor.
• 44:51
  At first thought, uh it was said of him that he he was he was somebody who had a quote zealous spirit.
• 44:59
  He came across as being uh a patriot.
• 45:03
  He came across as being somebody who was on board this thing, but secretly he's he's passing information along to the royal governor.
• 45:14
  He's he is uh giving insider secrets, he's disclosing things that are happening behind closed doors, behind closed windows.
• 45:27
  These guys were operating under a vow of secrecy.
• 45:32
  But the good Reverend Dr.
• 45:34
  Zubley is sharing information with the royal governor.
• 45:39
  When it was discovered toward the end of October here, 1775, that uh Zubly's out here giving information.
• 45:50
  Matter of fact, uh it was it was one of the the South Carolinians.
• 45:56
  Uh I we we talked, I think was it Rutledge?
• 45:59
  I think it was if it wasn't Rutledge, who was it who who exposed the good Reverend Doctor.
• 46:10
  Uh we we've talked about it in previous and previous we talk about these guys so much.
• 46:18
  I mean, there's just so much information here.
• 46:22
  The good doctor, though, is is discovered, and and when it happens, when he's discovered toward the end of October, he just he just up and flees.
• 46:31
  Um it is matter of fact, he is he's called out right in the middle of session.
• 46:47
  So he fled.
• 46:49
  The devil went back down to Georgia.
• 46:51
  According to the Sanderson Walm Biography, Houston was dispatched to Georgia after Zubly, after the good doctor reverend, in order to counteract any damage he might do in the colony.
• 47:07
  Uh, as it as it turned out, um, in February of 76, Georgia Congress meeting at Savannah, elected Archibald Bullock, Lyman Hall, John Houston, and two new members, George Walton and Button Gwinnett.
• 47:25
  And so on behalf of the provincial congress, Bullock sent a circular letter to the Georgia delegates in April reminding them of the dangers confronting the colony.
• 47:37
  He said, because of the remote situation, no particular instructions were given.
• 47:43
  And Bullock concluded that the Congress relied on the delegates' patriotism, abilities, firmness, and integrity to propose, join, and concur in all such measures as you shall think uh calculated for the common good, and to oppose such as shall appear destructive.
• 48:05
  So there wasn't specific instructions on how that the delegates should should vote.
• 48:12
  Uh, but uh bullock here, Archibald Bullock is drawing some conclusions on his own.
• 48:20
  Uh so as the summer gets going, the the council of safety in Georgia here in dealing with the good Reverend Doctor, they came to a conclusion that Zubley's going at large will endanger the public safety.
• 48:40
  And so on July 1st, actually 1776, Archibald Bullock ordered that the good Reverend Doctor should be arrested.
• 48:50
  They said, let's let's arrest Zubley.
• 48:53
  He's he's a menace to society.
• 48:56
  We we gotta we gotta get in there and take care of business.
• 49:00
  Bitness.
• 49:01
  Uh Zubley gets gets word of this and he flees his pulpit.
• 49:01
  Zubley gets gets word of this.
• 49:04
  And he flees his pulpit.
• 49:06
  He escapes and he finds refuge with his family in South Carolina.
• 49:06
  He escapes and he finds refuge with his family in South Carolina.
• 49:11
  He makes it over the border.
• 49:11
  He makes it over the border.
• 49:13
  However, half of his property in Georgia is seized, and and Georgians are so angry at Zubley.
• 49:13
  However, half of his property in Georgia is seized and Georgians are so angry at Zubley.
• 49:21
  They're so up in arms that they take his library.
• 49:21
  They're so up in arms that they take his library, and I don't agree with this at all.
• 49:24
  And I don't agree with this at all.
• 49:27
  Uh, you know, but but they took his
• 49:28
  You know, but they took his library and they threw it into the Savannah River.
• 49:32
  Now that's a mistake.
• 49:34
  Do not throw the man's library into the Savannah River.
• 49:37
  I mean, they're books for crying out loud.
• 49:39
  Oh, we we love books.
• 49:41
  We we don't we don't advocate for the burning of books and or the tossing of them into the Savannah River.
• 49:50
  Um so you know, Zubley here in Georgia becomes public enemy number one.
• 49:57
  They're not uh they're not happy at all.
• 50:01
  But Georgia uh with um with Hall uh Gwinnett and Walton uh on the second and fourth of July.
• 50:12
  Those three men cast the vote for Georgia.
• 50:14
  They are the three that remain.
• 50:17
  Uh Bullock has gone back to Georgia, and who who else?
• 50:24
  Uh Houston, Houston and and Bullock both went went back.
• 50:29
  So the three that remain are uh Lyman Hall, Button Gwinnett.
• 50:34
  Yeah, his name is Button, Button Button Gwinnett, and George Walton.
• 50:41
  And these three, they cast the deciding vote for Georgia for independence.
• 50:47
  And uh Walton and Hall signed the document on August 2nd.
• 50:53
  Uh Button Gwinnett would would sign it later when he um he was not there on the second, but he he does make it back around to come in and sign away his life, his fortune, and his sacred honor.
• 51:11
  Um, because of the distance from Philadelphia, a copy of the declaration sent by John Hancock was not received in Georgia until August 8th, and it was first read by then president of the council, uh Archibald Bullock.
• 51:29
  And he read it in the council chamber in Savannah, Georgia, then in the square before the assembly house.
• 51:36
  After that, the declaration was proclaimed at the Liberty Pole and at the battery in the trustees gardens.
• 51:46
  Um in Georgia, they're on board.
• 51:52
  They um they they decided that hey, this thing is what we want to do.
• 51:56
  Let's vote for independence.
• 52:00
  And that evening, before the courthouse steps, the uh the members here of the provincial congress and others held a mock burial of George the Third.
• 52:13
  They they referred to it as a burial of his political existence, a burial of his political existence was conducted.
• 52:22
  Here is the here's the direct quote.
• 52:25
  Corruption to corruption, tyranny to the grave, and oppression to eternal infamy.
• 52:33
  They're actually having a burial here, but they continued.
• 52:38
  Let us remember America is free and independent.
• 52:42
  That she is and will be with the blessing of the Almighty Great.
• 52:48
  I'm sorry, with with the blessing of the Almighty Great among the nations of the earth, may God give us his blessing.
• 52:56
  They uh they had a mock burial of the king.
• 53:01
  I mean, they you know, gave a eulogy and everything.
• 53:05
  Oh, I love it.
• 53:06
  Instead of saying from dust to dust, they said from corruption to corruption, tyranny to the grave.
• 53:12
  I don't know, it's kind of funny, and it's creative.
• 53:15
  The the creativity amongst the Georgians down here.
• 53:19
  Uh nowhere, however, in the state was the declaration proclaimed with greater approval than in St.
• 53:28
  John's Parish.
• 53:30
  St.
• 53:30
  John's Parish, the home of Lyman Hall and Button Gwinnett, and the first parish of Georgia to be represented in the Continental Congress.
• 53:43
  Uh in 1848, a statue of the state's three signers was erected and placed in Augusta, Georgia.
• 53:52
  You gotta love it.
• 53:53
  I absolutely love this story.
• 53:56
  Out of, I mean, there are many great stories about the signers of the Declaration of Independence.
• 54:02
  This is one of the stories that at least to me it ranks right up there.
• 54:08
  Uh, you've got a colony that is not ready to come on board, and you've got a parish that that doesn't necessarily break away from the colony, but they say, look, if the colony's not willing to do it, this parish is.
• 54:22
  We're going to send a delegate.
• 54:24
  And Lyman Hall shows up, and you know, the royal governor thinks they're going to turn him away.
• 54:32
  But those in Philadelphia don't turn him away.
• 54:35
  They accept him.
• 54:36
  And he blazes a trail.
• 54:39
  He he leads the way for the the rest of the of the parishes.
• 54:47
  And finally, the colony of Georgia comes online.
• 54:51
  Finally, they come on board, but for the leadership of one man, Lyman Hall.
• 54:59
  Uh, and now he's got a county named after him, Hall County.
• 55:02
  I just, it's a good story.
• 55:04
  Uh, and then of course, you know, chasing the the Reverend Dr.
• 55:08
  Zubley out of Congress uh because he's a turncoat sending secret privileged information to the king all the way around.
• 55:17
  It's just classic.
• 55:18
  It is absolutely just a good classic story.
• 55:22
  Uh, isn't history class the best?
• 55:25
  Come on, I know you love it.
• 55:27
  I know all of you are you just you just want more history.
• 55:31
  I can feel it.
• 55:32
  I can feel it coming off from you.
• 55:34
  We are we are winding down only today's program, but we are winding down the signers of the declaration.
• 55:41
  We've just we have a few left.
• 55:44
  We haven't uh delved into Massachusetts, we haven't delved into Virginia, and we haven't delved into New York, but we're going to.
• 55:52
  We have those three left.
• 55:54
  And we're gonna do it, and we're gonna have we're gonna have fun doing it.
• 55:58
  Listen, I am I am just happy that you are on board.
• 56:00
  Happy that you are on board.
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