Latest / SHULCHAN ARUCH YOMI: Own the Halacha in 25 minutes a day! / Yoreh De’ah 256:5-257:1. Tzedakah: Collection From Visitors; Avoiding Suspicion, Impeccable In the Eyes of Others
Transcript
- 0:00OK, good morning. We're continuing Helkos Sidaka.
- 0:03We're in the end of Resh Nun Vav.
- 0:06So we're about to start Siif, Vav, the last Siif.
- 0:10But let's just go back to the very last line in the Rama in
- 0:13the end of hey, in the Simon, we learned that for different
- 0:17things, for donating towards Sidaka, there's different time
- 0:22periods, whether you're living there or if you move in
- 0:25temporarily, you didn't move in there for good yet.
- 0:29He didn't decide you're checking it out, you're there for a month
- 0:32or three, whatever it is, or 9. So, but the Rama concludes, not
- 0:36according to the shalkhanar, the shalkhanar paskins that we go by
- 0:40the original times in Khazal, whether it's a month or three or
- 0:449 or whatever it is, 6, The Rama Mesa, one of the Rishonium, he
- 0:48wrote based on the smock and the kobosi.
- 0:49He adds the Rama disagrees with the Shalkhanar and he says no,
- 0:53nowadays it's all for everything.
- 0:56It's once you live there for 30 days, even if you're testing the
- 1:00waters, you're not sure if you're going to stay.
- 1:01Once you go past 30 days, you're higher than all the different
- 1:05Sedaka's the same. The mission of war apaskans like
- 1:08that also in tough cuff tet in by Kimcha de Piska, by Pesach.
- 1:14The Rama says actually for Kimcha de Piska it's 12 months.
- 1:19It's the same Rama there he says 12 months.
- 1:21Here he says 30 days. So I'm not sure why it's
- 1:25different, but the mission Abura there says the acronium pasta
- 1:29and like this Rama that for everything including kimcha de
- 1:32Pischha, it's 30 days. So maybe there are ma felt it
- 1:35was different for kimcha de Pischha.
- 1:37I don't know. And just to point out, yeah, 2
- 1:45quick things. Number one is the Arakashoghan
- 1:49has a Kadesh, the Hipposkins. I mean, for him, he probably
- 1:53doesn't think it's a Hiddish. For me it is.
- 1:55He holds that all these things about 30 days and three months
- 2:01and whatever he says, you actually, if you're travelling
- 2:06for business and you're leaving your family behind, then even if
- 2:11you're there for 30 days, you're not part of the city for these
- 2:15Khyuvim of Sedaka because you go after where your family is,
- 2:21right? But but according to the, the
- 2:26shots or the simple reading, according to everyone else, even
- 2:29if you know you, you scream, I'm moving, I'm going back to where
- 2:33I came from. I'm just here for two months or
- 2:35a month. You're already hired according
- 2:37to the Roma. So I mean, I think he, he, he,
- 2:41he thinks everyone agrees with him.
- 2:43And it could be they do, I just, they didn't say it.
- 2:46So anyway, so that's the Arrocha Chauhan.
- 2:49And I just want to also point out there's a a somewhat similar
- 2:54topic in Helkashutsfim in Khoshin Mishbat Kuf Samh Gimel.
- 3:00So there everyone holds its 12 months.
- 3:04Here it's 30 days or whatever, three months or whatever the the
- 3:09counting is there. Everyone says it's 12 months,
- 3:14but it's two different things. And Khoshin Mishbat, it's about
- 3:17Schutzwim, your partner's in in the land.
- 3:21So there is talking about in order to pay in for the roads to
- 3:25fix, you know, things that belong to the seaboard for the
- 3:28city or a Beit Knesset or the the safer Tara for the Beit
- 3:32Knesset. So for those in Yanim it's 12
- 3:35months, but for Sedaka it's 30 days or whatever the Shalkhanar
- 3:41says. So it's a little bit different
- 3:42topic. I'm just point that out.
- 3:45OK, let's go to Vav me Shahalak Biskara.
- 3:50A person travels for business. So normally what do we say if
- 3:55you're there for business less certainly.
- 3:57Everyone says if you're there for business less than 30 days,
- 4:01you don't have to. You're not obligated to chip in.
- 4:04You're not. It's not mandatory to chip in
- 4:06like everyone else to the city, the pot for the onion, whatever
- 4:11is a OK Upasco all of Anshehatir Shahalaksham, that's Sidaka.
- 4:17Now when he's in there, he went there for business.
- 4:20He's there for let's say a week. What doesn't mean whatever he's
- 4:23there for a day, he's there for a week.
- 4:25And the Ancia here they see him and they say you have to give
- 4:28Sedaka for in towards, you know, whatever it is and whatever the
- 4:34Sedaka they're raising for. So then, so there is some
- 4:39discussion if it was against the din or not, but seems to be
- 4:42according to the to the Shah and the Araka Shulkhan, it's we're
- 4:46not talking about regular Sedaka.
- 4:49We're normal circumstances where they feel like, oh, they see you
- 4:53so they're gonna just tell you now you have to pay for our
- 4:55needs. It's when there's something
- 4:58special going on, something that's not normal for anybody.
- 5:02It's not a regular city matter. There's like a all of a sudden
- 5:06there's a drought. There is a pigeon, William,
- 5:13maybe. And maybe their example is,
- 5:18yeah, so we said a drought or there's wild animals or maybe a
- 5:22plague, something serious, maybe.
- 5:27Maybe there's a they're surrounded by an enemy army and
- 5:32so they're dolphining. So they want to give Sadaqa so
- 5:34that they get saved. So he's there right now.
- 5:36This is not a regular normal city matter.
- 5:39So certainly that's at least what we're talking about.
- 5:42So it was done K Hogan correctly.
- 5:45They they passed and now he has to chip in like everybody else.
- 5:48They all want, they all need a Yeshua.
- 5:49Everyone needs to be saved. I raised a no tin Lani hotel hot
- 5:53year. So of course he has to give.
- 5:55He should give. He has to give.
- 5:57OK, we're going to see. You'll understand even more as
- 6:01we keep reading and the TAZ explains, because he is Negro,
- 6:07he's now he's an individual, individuals.
- 6:11They don't have their own identity so much.
- 6:14So he's part of this group, this part of the city for this, for
- 6:17this SAR, this difficult situation.
- 6:21And he gets included among them. And so he's higher to pay the
- 6:27EM. How you Robin?
- 6:29But let's say it was a group of businessmen.
- 6:31They come travelers, whatever they come together, tourists,
- 6:37whatever, they come as a group. And how much is this group?
- 6:40It's not clear, but the Mahiri says some say it's 10 people's
- 6:45enough to be the Arabim. The Radbaz says 3 people's
- 6:48enough to be Arabim for this. OK, it's from the Gomara to the
- 6:52Gomara. It's a little bit unclear but
- 6:54OK, Upasu, Alayim, Sidaka. And then so the this group of
- 7:00people show up, you have this, I don't know, this red tour bus
- 7:05drive downtown and everyone knows they and they say, OK, you
- 7:09guys all have to all pay with us for this issue, this sorrow
- 7:14that's going on. And they say everyone has to pay
- 7:16X amount. So as they get off the bus,
- 7:18everyone notes them. Everyone has to give OK,
- 7:22Shabayim Nabiim will tell Imam will harnessim BA ani Iran.
- 7:27So it just means when the when the city comes to them and says
- 7:33you have to pay. So these are robbing.
- 7:36So they still have to pay, not because they're part of the sea
- 7:40war, since they're coming as a group, they still hold their own
- 7:46status and go, oh, this is the tour from this city or the tour
- 7:51from that country. And they have, you know, these
- 7:52are the foreigners or whatever it is.
- 7:54So they have their own shame, their own name, and they're not
- 7:57Negro. They're not.
- 8:01They don't follow after the city, so therefore they are they
- 8:06don't have to pay. However, they do initially have
- 8:09to pay because of Khashad. We don't want people to see that
- 8:14that's that the that's that Sibor.
- 8:16I don't know whoever the isn't appointed walks over to them and
- 8:19gives them, I don't know, tickets or tell them give them a
- 8:22Canas. That's not a canas, but give
- 8:24them some kind of a note or make an announcement.
- 8:27You have to pay X amount. So we don't want people to see
- 8:31them get this, this that they have to pay and they don't pay
- 8:38because then people are going to see what's going on and say, ah,
- 8:40this guy, he never pays Sidaka or is a is a no good person.
- 8:45He doesn't, he doesn't chip in like everybody else and he
- 8:49doesn't follow the rules. So people are going to talk
- 8:52about them or about these people and we don't want that.
- 8:55So they have to pay only because of Kshad.
- 8:59But then when they leave the city and say they finished their
- 9:01trip after a week or two, when they when they go back home,
- 9:05before they get on the plane, they go back to the the Gabi
- 9:08Sedaka and they say, you know, you realize that you were just,
- 9:13you know, visiting. We weren't here.
- 9:15And he goes, yeah, yeah, whatever.
- 9:16But then he has to pay back the money right away.
- 9:20Before right away. They have to get they you must
- 9:22give it back to them. It's not doesn't belong to the
- 9:24city. And we, we only made him pay
- 9:27because of Khashad. But now he's going to pay it
- 9:29back. OK, whatever the how this
- 9:33happens, I don't know. But that's the that's the case.
- 9:35That's the halacha. Fine.
- 9:38Let's keep reading. Paga the hardest now.
- 9:44This is because of Khashad. You have to pay.
- 9:46So when they go back to their city, they bring their money
- 9:51with them and give it to their own city as it belongs to them.
- 9:55The dafka Biztaka Shalohayu. Nisha Rubi Iran.
- 10:00Wait a second. Yeah.
- 10:02Biztaka Shaloha. You know its name?
- 10:05Ilu Nisha Rubi Iran This is because if they they wouldn't
- 10:09have given to the city, they would have given to their own
- 10:11city. If they would have stayed in
- 10:12their own city, Lahain ICA Hashada and therefore it'll be a
- 10:19Hashad if they don't give it. About Staka shafb Iran, how you
- 10:24know its name? Ain't Srikanitain klal the vada
- 10:28yitsenuwabi Iran if it's a Sidaka that if they would have,
- 10:33they would have given in their own city and they don't have to
- 10:37give it at all to these gabayim because for sure they're going
- 10:40to give. So I think this is referring to
- 10:43their regular, the regular Sedaka that they normally give
- 10:47for the city. Well, I'll just point out over
- 10:50here, the post can point out right.
- 10:52So if a person goes to another city and he, let's say, is
- 10:57there, the example is let's say you go there for yes card, you
- 11:01go for a holiday. So just because a person you
- 11:04know, make says he's going to make a pledge, unless you say
- 11:07where you're making it to, you don't say who you're giving the
- 11:11money to. Then if you just stop and make a
- 11:13pledge, you can keep that money and give it to the city.
- 11:18You're back home. You don't have to just because
- 11:20you make a pledge. Again, obviously it depends if
- 11:23you if you say who you're giving it to, but if you don't say
- 11:25you're giving it to that visiting city when you go back
- 11:28home, you can give that money to your own city.
- 11:31However, it again, this is pretty obvious.
- 11:33What if you buy an ALEA in the a visiting city?
- 11:37So obviously you bought the that Alea that belongs to that
- 11:41morning to that, that show. So for sure that's like
- 11:44stipulating you're going to pay to them.
- 11:47So obviously if you buy an ALEA, you can't say afterwards by the
- 11:49I'm taking the money and giving it to my own show back home.
- 11:52That's completely not OK. Furthermore, they're going to
- 11:56lose. You're also causing them as it
- 11:59because they they're selling alias for their show and now
- 12:02they're going to they would have sold it to someone else.
- 12:04So for sure there's no question 1 is not allowed to do that.
- 12:08By the way, I just want to go back one second, you know, let
- 12:13me finish this reading and I'll I'll go back for one SEC.
- 12:16Madavka, where are we? Where it says that you'd Gimel
- 12:19Shah me shyesh lomaot akhirin Lamachtis scar of the Derek
- 12:24Akhir the So a person has someone else's money.
- 12:28You're travelling and using someone else's money to make
- 12:32money. You're a partner.
- 12:33Let's say you're working for him and you're going to with or with
- 12:38Derek Akhir. But not me, Master Minareva.
- 12:41It just means whatever you are, let's say you, you take
- 12:46someone's money, you're doing all the work, so you're going to
- 12:48pay him, let's say 10% or whatever profit belongs to him.
- 12:52In other words, you're holding your money and someone else's
- 12:56money. You're making money out of it,
- 12:58and now there's a profit for you and that other person.
- 13:02But right now, all the profits in your hand, you owe it to him.
- 13:04You're going to go back and you're going to pay him his
- 13:07share. Can you pay Sedaka?
- 13:10Can you take, take, He's going to pay.
- 13:12Let's say you know, he's going to pay 10 or 20% Sedaka from
- 13:15that money. Can you take that and give it to
- 13:17whoever you want? Or you have to give it to him
- 13:20back and he decides what he does with it.
- 13:21So it's obvious everyone's nodding their heads.
- 13:27You're not allowed to give away his Sedaka money to who you
- 13:31want. That's that's his, that's his,
- 13:36his prerogative. It's his choice to give who he
- 13:38wants to give to. Imochiace, Takana, Bahir Elite,
- 13:41Nikomas, Shimarvia, a few in Mamao Taher.
- 13:45Unless there's a Takana in a city and you're working in that
- 13:47city and you're not allowed to work in that city unless you pay
- 13:50a certain amount of the profits to that city.
- 13:52So then that's another story. Then then you have no choice.
- 13:55You have to give to that city. The you know, this goes back to
- 13:59where we were reading before that you have a group of people
- 14:03traveling. And so we said if it's one
- 14:05person and there's a tsara in the city and they make everyone
- 14:10paid sidaka. So if you're a single guy, you
- 14:12have to give them the money and it's theirs, right?
- 14:14For the whatever Sidaka they want to use it towards.
- 14:17If you're a group, we said they give it back to you when you
- 14:20leave, right? Right before you leave, they
- 14:22give it back to you. But the Inyesham Khaveer ear,
- 14:26it's a new Khaveer ear. But who Makhalka kafi mashi year
- 14:29LO. So the Lakhana in the in the
- 14:31Gomora there. So Bryce, that continues and it
- 14:34says, but if you give it to a Talmud Hakam, who's in charge of
- 14:37the Sedaka, the Gabe Sedaka is a Talmud Hakam.
- 14:41So then when you give it, when the Robin give it to him, they
- 14:45don't take the money back when they leave.
- 14:47So what's they're talking about? Not so clear.
- 14:49So it could be we're talking about a Talmud Hakam who is not
- 14:54only in charge of giving Sedaka to his city, but he's also in
- 14:57charge of your city or other places.
- 15:00It's like he has a, a network. So that could be why you don't
- 15:05take it back. It could be because and
- 15:07different mafarshim say it could be because, because he was a
- 15:11talmakhakham, you weren't a mock beat.
- 15:12You're like, oh, you're a talmakhm.
- 15:14You know, you got like, well, you got all, it's a big talmakhm
- 15:17now that you get nervous, but you want him to you trust what
- 15:21he's going to do with the money. So and right, you want to get a
- 15:24bracha by helping the talmakhakham give out sedaka to
- 15:27who who he thinks is needed. So the assumption is if it's a
- 15:32Robin giving it to this big Talmud hakam that they had in
- 15:36mind to let him keep it and give to wherever he needs.
- 15:40The third shot that I saw that something from the Araka
- 15:42Shulchan is it's inappropriate for people to ask money back
- 15:48from a Talmud hakam, but the Talmud Hakam knows that it
- 15:51belongs to them, to the Talmud. You don't ask for it back.
- 15:54The Talmud hakam's going to send it back.
- 15:56He knows he'll take care of it on his own and you don't.
- 16:00But anyway, so that's that. And I just wanted to point out
- 16:03when we said 30 days back on the previous thing, if you're when
- 16:06you're visiting or moving into a city, so the Rama says 30 days.
- 16:11What's the source of that Rama? I don't think I said so.
- 16:15It's because the the base Yosef quotes the smack on Kobo where
- 16:20it says Mirov Hagalios. It just says after being in
- 16:25Gallus for so long, that became the minhag.
- 16:28So why did that? How did that become the Minogue?
- 16:30So the Araka Shokan explains because every Yeshua was very
- 16:37weak. When it's because the people are
- 16:39keep moving. Rova Gallium's people are keep
- 16:40moving. So to start an established city
- 16:43takes time. And if no one's paying Sedaka,
- 16:46until you have an established city, no one's ever going to pay
- 16:49like this. You don't have so many.
- 16:51It's because I don't know if it's whatever, however you want
- 16:55to understand it, but often you have starting out cities and
- 16:59that you're not going to have enough Sedaka.
- 17:01People are always moving so transient communities, whatever.
- 17:05So that's anyway. So that's his explanation into
- 17:09the into the basiose for really the smuck who says it.
- 17:14Maybe it was just hard to keep track.
- 17:16People were transient, they needed more money, whatever,
- 17:19whatever. The issue is that just it's hard
- 17:22to know. You don't have established
- 17:25cities, who's you know, who's who's moving in, how long are
- 17:28they there for? So it just became easier to have
- 17:31it 30 days. But whatever that became the
- 17:33minhug. And therefore the minhug is
- 17:35coveya what the halacha was. OK, let's go to Raysh Nun Zain
- 17:39sailor giviateh Stakov Vishaloli Akra.
- 17:42OK, collecting. It's a daka, so let's see.
- 17:45Olive God by Tsudaka Anna Marshall Lyfrosh Zette me Zeb
- 17:49Bashuk Ella Quede Agashiro ZZ can go and OK, when two people
- 17:58are going into a city to collect 2 Gabay ET Sidaka right.
- 18:01We we learned that it's if you're going in to start
- 18:04collecting by force, you you have to have two two of them.
- 18:07But whatever the case is, you have two Gabay ET Sidaka,
- 18:10they're going together. Once they're going together,
- 18:14they have to stay together again.
- 18:17They can split up for very little, but they have to
- 18:20basically be seen together or they can see each other.
- 18:23For the most part. That's an issue.
- 18:25I'm sure you can have a few seconds here and there, but
- 18:27basically you have to be seen for the most part together at
- 18:31all times. So therefore shie zip Porish was
- 18:34shot out of a zip Porish with Hanoot.
- 18:37With Govin. You could have one go by the
- 18:39entrance to the city or someone goes inside the store to
- 18:43collect, but they're basically there together.
- 18:46Why? It's just so that they can be
- 18:49more or less seen together so that people are not crocheted
- 18:54that they're stealing. Everyone's going to do something
- 18:58inappropriate with. He's going to keep take the
- 18:59money and put it in his own pocket and keep it so that
- 19:02there's some kind of checks and balances that there's people
- 19:05could see them or they see each other, maybe whatever the
- 19:08whatever it is, so that that there's no the the point of this
- 19:12halakha is they're trying to avoid people suspecting them of
- 19:17stealing Matzah. Gabe Maud Bashuk loyut
- 19:21Namatakiso Alotak Arnakischel Sedaka.
- 19:24If the Gabe Sedaka, he is wearing his hat as a Gabe
- 19:28Sedaka. Everyone knows he's a Gabe
- 19:29Sedaka right now. So now he's going to collect and
- 19:33now he's in the shook. So he has two pockets, right?
- 19:37Or two purses. 1 is his belongs to himself and one is he's
- 19:42collecting for the seaboard. So therefore when he picks it
- 19:45up, he has to put it in the purse of the, of the, of the
- 19:52Tsidaka, not his own Okashiagi Labeta Yitlam.
- 19:58And when he gets home and he's by himself and no one's
- 20:00watching, then he can take it out.
- 20:03And give it to himself because even though he's a GABA, it's a
- 20:09DACA. When he finds Hefker money on
- 20:11the floor, he's allowed to keep it for himself.
- 20:14But if people see him doing that, people are going to start
- 20:18saying, look, he takes the money for himself.
- 20:21You might suspect. I mean, they might not even see
- 20:24him pick it up from the floor. They'll just see, you know,
- 20:27they'll walk in or you know, wherever the video starts
- 20:29playing, wherever they walk into the room, they'll see him at
- 20:32that point and all they see is him taking the money and putting
- 20:35it in his own pocket. So we have to, it's very
- 20:38important that again, this is an issue of Khashad.
- 20:42We don't want people to think he's stealing money.
- 20:44This is not a Zerah of Marazain where, I mean, I think it's,
- 20:48it's obvious, but it's a halacha normally.
- 20:50But Marazain you have to, when Khazal goes there at Takana,
- 20:56Zerah of Marazain you have to be careful.
- 20:59Even Bhadri Khadarin, it's a totally different topic.
- 21:03We're not talking about Zerah of Marsai.
- 21:06And this is a don't do a certain action.
- 21:09Vipiniakshad people will be haya.
- 21:12Gabai knows nousheh the caveiro mano paro bashok leit namato
- 21:17kisu kiso alotak Arniki showed sedaka.
- 21:21But now again, you're wearing the hat.
- 21:22Everyone knows you're the Gabai Sedaka and you got a purse of
- 21:25Sedaka money and someone owes you a mana, someone owes you an
- 21:28amount of money and the guy sees you in the street.
- 21:31He goes, oh, I'm so glad I found you.
- 21:33And he says, here's your money. I owe you the money back.
- 21:35So if you if, if everyone thinks you're a guy, bite Sedaka when
- 21:39that guy pays you on the street, where do you put the money?
- 21:41Not in your pocket, but in the Sedaka pocket so that people
- 21:46don't think that you're stealing from those people will know
- 21:49they're giving you a loan. They're going to think he's
- 21:51giving you Sedaka and they see you putting in your pocket.
- 21:55So again, so that's a problem. But when you get home, take it
- 21:59out of the purse at Sadaqa and put it in yours.
- 22:01Be very careful. You know how much money you
- 22:03count, exactly how much it is so that you don't have a Suffolk,
- 22:06Because if you mix up and you don't know how much, then you
- 22:10have to give it to Sadaqa so you don't steal koopa schneim
- 22:15schneim Allah. Now again, it's a couple
- 22:20different explanations. What this is, don't count money
- 22:2422 accept only one at a time. In other words, one explanation
- 22:29is if you're going to be counting, let's say dollar
- 22:31bills, don't do our coins don't do 2 at a time, 222 do one at a
- 22:37time or when you're counting, I don't know if you're counting
- 22:43hundreds just to count 100, don't say 5050.
- 22:48Whatever it is, make it simple so that anyone watching and
- 22:52listening is not going to say, oh, look, he's counting and
- 22:55funding because he wants he's going to end up keeping one for
- 22:58himself. 1 you know, one for one for you and and then keep one
- 23:02for himself. I remember watching someone in
- 23:05their accounting. They would say one for you, one
- 23:08for me, two for you, 1/2 for me, 3 for you, 123 for me.
- 23:14Whatever. Some, but that's anyways don't
- 23:17don't count in a way that'll lend itself to people thinking
- 23:21maybe you're going to keep some for yourself or half and again,
- 23:25all this is Nipinia Khashad. Make sure you count in a in a
- 23:30way that's very clear. Shinamar Zezen by Medbar Llama
- 23:34base veetum Nakim Mehsham Umi Easter al that's that's what
- 23:40he's talking about going to war actually that but the God with
- 23:47the 2 1/2 Shvatim on the other side that they have to join they
- 23:51have to join their brothers to fight the wars and there it's
- 23:54Israel because if they're not doing their share.
- 23:57Yeah, it's a very important to live your life that you are
- 24:01clean and honorable in the eyes of Hashem and in the eyes of
- 24:06Israel to Pharise Lola and the and the Ladam.
- 24:11You have to live away. That's beautiful to people,
- 24:13society and to a Kurdish bar. And so that's what this puzzle
- 24:17is teaching us.